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(ATG), 8001 S. InterPort Blvd., supporting data. We ask that you send applicable airworthiness standards do
Englewood, CO 80112 for a type us two copies of the written comments. not contain adequate or appropriate
certificate for the Javelin Model 100 Communications should identify the safety standards because of novel or
airplane. These airplanes will have regulatory docket or notice number and unusual design features of an airplane,
novel and unusual design features when be submitted in duplicate to the address special conditions are prescribed under
compared to the state of technology specified above. the provisions of § 21.16.
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5918 Federal Register / Vol. 72, No. 26 / Thursday, February 8, 2007 / Rules and Regulations
Special conditions, as appropriate, as Effective measures against the effects of approval by the FAA, to identify either
defined in § 11.19, are issued in exposure to HIRF must be provided by electrical or electronic systems that
accordance with § 11.38 after public the design and installation of these perform critical functions. The term
notice and become part of the type systems. The accepted maximum energy ‘‘critical’’ means those functions whose
certification basis in accordance with levels in which civilian airplane system failure would contribute to, or cause, a
§ 21.17. installations must be capable of failure condition that would prevent the
Special conditions are initially operating safely are based on surveys continued safe flight and landing of the
applicable to the model for which they and analysis of existing radio frequency airplane. The systems identified by the
are issued. Should the applicant apply emitters. These special conditions hazard analysis that perform critical
for a supplemental type certificate to require that the airplane be evaluated functions are candidates for the
modify any other model already under these energy levels for the application of HIRF requirements. A
included on the same type certificate to protection of the electronic system and system may perform both critical and
incorporate the same novel or unusual its associated wiring harness. These non-critical functions. Primary
design feature, the special conditions external threat levels, which are lower electronic flight display systems, and
would also apply to the other model than previous required values, are their associated components, perform
under the provisions of § 21.101. believed to represent the worst case to critical functions such as attitude,
Novel or Unusual Design Features which an airplane would be exposed in altitude, and airspeed indication. The
the operating environment. HIRF requirements apply only to critical
Aviation Technology Group plans to These special conditions require functions.
incorporate certain novel and unusual qualification of systems that perform Compliance with HIRF requirements
design features into the Javelin Model critical functions, as installed in aircraft, may be demonstrated by tests, analysis,
100 airplanes for which the to the defined HIRF environment in models, similarity with existing
airworthiness standards do not contain paragraph 1 or, as an option to a fixed systems, or any combination of these.
adequate or appropriate safety standards value using laboratory tests, in Service experience alone is not
for protection from the effects of HIRF. paragraph 2, as follows: acceptable since normal flight
These features include electrical and (1) The applicant may demonstrate operations may not include an exposure
electronic systems that perform critical that the operation and operational to the HIRF environment. Reliance on a
functions, which are susceptible to the capability of the installed electrical and system with similar design features for
HIRF environment, that were not electronic systems that perform critical redundancy as a means of protection
envisaged by the existing regulations for functions are not adversely affected against the effects of external HIRF is
this type of airplane. when the aircraft is exposed to the HIRF generally insufficient since all elements
Protection of Systems from High environment defined below: of a redundant system are likely to be
Intensity Radiated Fields (HIRF): Recent exposed to the fields concurrently.
advances in technology have given rise Field strength
to the application in aircraft designs of (volts per meter) Applicability
Frequency
advanced electrical and electronic Peak Average As discussed above, these special
systems that perform functions required conditions are applicable to the ATG
for continued safe flight and landing. 10 kHz–100 kHz ........... 50 50 Javelin Model 100. Should ATG apply at
Due to the use of sensitive solid state 100 kHz–500 kHz ......... 50 50 a later date for a supplemental type
advanced components in analog and 500 kHz–2 MHz ............ 50 50 certificate for a type design change that
digital electronics circuits, these 2 MHz–30 MHz ............. 100 100 incorporates the same novel or unusual
advanced systems are readily responsive 30 MHz–70 MHz ........... 50 50
design feature, the special conditions
70 MHz–100 MHz ......... 50 50
to the transient effects of induced would apply to that change as well
100 MHz–200 MHz ....... 100 100
electrical current and voltage caused by 200 MHz–400 MHz ....... 100 100 under the provisions of § 21.101.
the HIRF. The HIRF can degrade 400 MHz–700 MHz ....... 700 50
electronic systems performance by Conclusion
700 MHz–1 GHz ........... 700 100
damaging components or upsetting 1 GHz–2 GHz ............... 2000 200 This action affects only certain novel
system functions. 2 GHz–4 GHz ............... 3000 200 or unusual design features on one model
Furthermore, the HIRF environment 4 GHz–6 GHz ............... 3000 200 of airplane. It is not a rule of general
has undergone a transformation that was 6 GHz–8 GHz ............... 1000 200 applicability and affects only the
8 GHz–12 GHz ............. 3000 300
not foreseen when the current applicant who applied to the FAA for
12 GHz–18 GHz ........... 2000 200
requirements were developed. Higher 18 GHz–40 GHz ........... 600 200 approval of these features on the
energy levels are radiated from airplane.
transmitters that are used for radar, The field strengths are expressed in terms The substance of these special
of peak root-mean-square (rms) values. conditions has been subjected to the
radio, and television. Also, the number
of transmitters has increased or, notice and comment period in several
significantly. There is uncertainty (2) The applicant may demonstrate by prior instances and has been derived
concerning the effectiveness of airframe a system test and analysis that the without substantive change from those
shielding for HIRF. Furthermore, electrical and electronic systems that previously issued. It is unlikely that
coupling to cockpit-installed equipment perform critical functions can withstand prior public comment would result in a
through the cockpit window apertures is a minimum threat of 100 volts per meter significant change from the substance
undefined. peak root-mean-square (rms), electrical contained herein. For this reason, and
The combined effect of the field strength, from 10 kHz to 18 GHz. because a delay would significantly
cprice-sewell on PROD1PC72 with RULES
technological advances in airplane When using this test to show affect the certification of the airplane,
design and the changing environment compliance with the HIRF which is imminent, the FAA has
has resulted in an increased level of requirements, no credit is given for determined that prior public notice and
vulnerability of electrical and electronic signal attenuation due to installation. comment are unnecessary and
systems required for the continued safe A preliminary hazard analysis must impracticable, and good cause exists for
flight and landing of the airplane. be performed by the applicant, for adopting these special conditions upon
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Federal Register / Vol. 72, No. 26 / Thursday, February 8, 2007 / Rules and Regulations 5919
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