Proposed Rule: Air Pollution Standards of Performance For New Stationary Sources: Electric Utility Steam Generating Units and Industrial-Commercial-Institutional Steam Generating Units

Friday,
February 9, 2007
Part II
Environmental
Protection Agency
40 CFR Part 60
Air Pollution; Standards of Performance
for New Stationary Sources: Fossil-Fuel-
Fired Steam Generators and Electric
Utility and Industrial-Commercial-
Institutional Steam Generating Units;
Reconsideration, etc.; Proposed Rule
rwilkins on PROD1PC63 with PROPOSAL
VerDate Aug<31>2005 19:29 Feb 08, 2007 Jkt 211001 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 4717 Sfmt 4717 E:\FR\FM\09FEP2.SGM 09FEP2
6320 Federal Register / Vol. 72, No. 27 / Friday, February 9, 2007 / Proposed Rules
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION we must receive written comments on docket and made available on the
AGENCY or before March 26, 2007. Internet. If you submit an electronic
ADDRESSES: Comments. Submit your comment, EPA recommends that you
40 CFR Part 60 comments, identified by Docket ID No. include your name and other contact
[EPA–HQ–OAR–2005–0031; FRL–8275–9] EPA–HQ–OAR–2005–0031, by one of information in the body of your
the following methods: comment and with any disk or CD–ROM
RIN 2060–AN97 • http://www.regulations.gov. Follow you submit. If EPA cannot read your
the on-line instructions for submitting comment due to technical difficulties
Standards of Performance for Fossil- comments. and cannot contact you for clarification,
Fuel-Fired Steam Generators for Which • E-mail: a-and-r-docket@epa.gov. EPA may not be able to consider your
Construction Is Commenced After • By Facsimile: (202) 566–1741. comment. Electronic files should avoid
August 17, 1971; Standards of • Mail: Air and Radiation Docket, the use of special characters, any form
Performance for Electric Utility Steam U.S. EPA, Mail Code 6102T, 1200 of encryption, and be free of any defects
Generating Units for Which Pennsylvania Ave., NW., Washington, or viruses. For additional information
Construction Is Commenced After DC 20460. Please include a total of two about EPA’s public docket visit the EPA
September 18, 1978; Standards of copies. EPA requests a separate copy Docket Center homepage at http://
Performance for Industrial- also be sent to the contact person www.epa.gov/epahome/dockets.htm.
Commercial-Institutional Steam identified below (see FOR FURTHER
INFORMATION CONTACT).
Docket: All documents in the docket
Generating Units; and Standards of
• Hand Delivery: EPA Docket Center, are listed in the www.regulations.gov
Performance for Small Industrial-
Docket ID Number EPA–HQ–OAR– index. Although listed in the index,
Commercial-Institutional Steam
2005–0031, EPA West Building, 1301 some information is not publicly
Generating Units; Reconsideration and
Constitution Ave., NW., Room 3334, available, e.g., CBI or other information
Amendments
Washington, DC, 20004. Such deliveries whose disclosure is restricted by statute.
AGENCY: Environmental Protection are accepted only during the Docket’s Certain other material, such as
Agency (EPA). normal hours of operation, and special copyrighted material, will be publicly
ACTION: Proposed rule. arrangements should be made for available only in hard copy. Publicly
deliveries of boxed information. available docket materials are available
SUMMARY: EPA is proposing to amend Instructions: Direct your comments to either electronically in http://
the new source performance standards Docket ID No. EPA–HQ–OAR–2005– www.regulations.gov or in hard copy at
(NSPS) for electric utility steam 0031. EPA’s policy is that all comments the Air and Radiation Docket EPA/DC,
generating units and industrial- received will be included in the public EPA West, Room 3334, 1301
commercial-institutional steam docket without change and may be Constitution Ave., NW., Washington,
generating units. On February 27, 2006, made available online at http:// DC. The Public Reading Room is open
EPA promulgated amendments to the www.regulations.gov, including any from 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m., Monday
NSPS for steam generating units. EPA is personal information provided, unless through Friday, excluding legal
proposing to amend specific provisions the comment includes information holidays. The telephone number for the
in the NSPS for steam generating units claimed to be Confidential Business Public Reading Room is (202) 566–1744,
to resolve issues and questions raised by Information (CBI) or other information and the telephone number for the Air
petitioners for reconsideration of the whose disclosure is restricted by statute. and Radiation Docket is (202) 566–1742.
promulgated amendments, and to Do not submit information that you FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Mr.
correct technical and editorial errors consider to be CBI or otherwise Christian Fellner, Energy Strategies
that have been identified since protected through regulations.gov or e- Group, Sector Policies and Programs
promulgation. In addition, the proposed mail. The www.regulations.gov Web site Division (D243–01), U.S. EPA, Research
rule would update the grammatical style is an ‘‘anonymous access’’ systems, Triangle Park, NC 27711, telephone
of the four NSPS steam generating unit which means EPA will not know your number (919) 541–4003, facsimile
subparts to be consistent across all of identity or contact information unless number (919) 541–5450, electronic mail
the subparts. you provide it in the body of your (e-mail) address:
DATES: Comments. Comments must be comment. If you send an e-mail fellner.christian@epa.gov.
received on or before March 12, 2007, comment directly to EPA without going
unless a public hearing is requested by through www.regulations.gov, your e- SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Entities
February 20, 2007. If a timely hearing mail address will be automatically Table. Entities potentially affected by
request is submitted, the public hearing captured and included as part of the this proposed action include, but are not
will be held on February 26, 2007 and comment that is placed in the public limited to, the following:
Category NAICS code 1 Examples of potentially regulated entities
Industry ..................................................... 221112 Fossil fuel-fired electric utility steam generating units.
Federal Government ................................. 22112 Fossil fuel-fired electric utility steam generating units owned by the Federal Govern-
ment.
State/local/tribal government .................... 22112 Fossil fuel-fired electric utility steam generating units owned by municipalities.
921150 Fossil fuel-fired electric utility steam generating units located in Indian Country.
Any industrial, commercial, or institutional 211 Extractors of crude petroleum and natural gas.
facility using a steam generating unit as
defined in 60.40b or 60.40c.

321 Manufacturers of lumber and wood products.
322 Pulp and paper mills.
325 Chemical manufacturers.
324 Petroleum refiners and manufacturers of coal products.
316, 326, 339 Manufacturers of rubber and miscellaneous plastic products.
Federal Register / Vol. 72, No. 27 / Friday, February 9, 2007 / Proposed Rules 6321
Category NAICS code 1 Examples of potentially regulated entities
331 Steel works, blast furnaces.

332 Electroplating, plating, polishing, anodizing, and coloring.
336 Manufacturers of motor vehicle parts and accessories.
221 Electric, gas, and sanitary services.
622 Health services.
611 Educational Services.
1 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code.
This table is not intended to be H. Executive Order 13211: Actions industry, or the number of affected
exhaustive, but rather provides a guide Concerning Regulations That facilities.
for readers regarding entities likely to be Significantly Affect Energy Supply, Finally, as part of the February 28,
regulated by the proposed rule. To Distribution, or Use 2005, proposal to the steam generating
I. National Technology Transfer unit NSPS, EPA proposed several
determine whether your facility is Advancement Act
regulated by the proposed rule, you amendments designed to minimize the
should examine the applicability Background continuous emission monitoring
criteria in § 60.40a, § 60.40b, or § 60.40c systems (CEMS) burden for sources
EPA promulgated amendments to the
of 40 CFR part 60. If you have any subject to both the NSPS under 40 CFR
new source performance standards for
questions regarding the applicability of part 60 and the acid rain regulations
steam generating units on February 27,
the proposed rule to a particular entity, under 40 CFR part 75 (70 FR 9720). The
2006 (71 FR 9866). The amendments
contact the person listed in the intent of these proposed amendments is
added new emissions limits and
preceding FOR FURTHER INFORMATION to address the inconsistent and
compliance requirements applicable to
CONTACT section. World Wide Web duplicative CEM requirements in the
units constructed, modified, or
(WWW). Following the Administrator’s two rules while still maintaining the
reconstructed after February 28, 2005,
signature, a copy of the proposed integrity of the separate NSPS and acid
for electric utility steam generating units
amendments will be posted on the rain programs. EPA received five
in 40 CFR part 60, subpart Da;
Technology Transfer Network’s (TTN) comment letters on these proposed
industrial-commercial-institutional
policy and guidance page for newly amendments. The comments were
steam generating units in 40 CFR part
proposed or promulgated rules at http:// generally supportive of the
60, subpart Db; and small industrial-
www.epa.gov/ttn/oarpg. The TTN amendments, but due to the need for
commercial-institutional steam
provides information and technology additional internal EPA review, EPA did
generating units in 40 CFR part 60,
exchange in various areas of air not include the CEM protocol
subpart Dc. In addition, an alternative
pollution control. amendments with the other steam
sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions limit was
Public Hearing. If a public hearing is generating unit NSPS amendments that
added to subparts Db and Dc for steam
requested, it will be held at 10 a.m. at were promulgated on February 27, 2006.
generating units for which construction,
the EPA Facility Complex in Research EPA intends to include the final CEM
modification, or reconstruction was
Triangle Park, North Carolina or at an requirement amendments with the final
commenced prior to February 28, 2005.
alternate site nearby. Contact Mr. action of this reconsideration. A
Petitions for reconsideration of the detailed description of the proposed
Christian Fellner at 919–541–4003 to amendments were filed by the Utility
request a hearing, to request to speak at amendments to the CEM requirements is
Air Regulatory Group and the Council of available in the docket.
a public hearing, to determine if a Industrial Boiler Owners. The EPA has
hearing will be held, or to determine the decided to grant reconsideration to the II. Proposed Amendments
hearing location. amendments to the extent specified in EPA is proposing to amend 40 CFR
Outline. The information presented in the proposed rule. The amendments part 60, subparts D, Da, Db, and Dc to
this preamble is organized as follows: proposed by this action address issues clarify the intent for applying and
I. Background for which the petitioners requested implementing specific rule
II. Proposed Amendments reconsideration1 (see docket entries requirements and to correct
A. Proposed Substantive Amendments to EPA–HQ–OAR–2005–0031–0224 and unintentional technical omissions and
Subpart D EPA–HQ–OAR–2005–0031–0225). editorial errors. A summary of the
B. Proposed Substantive Amendments to As part of this action, EPA is also proposed substantive amendments to
Subpart Da proposing to amend other rule language the NSPS for steam generating units and
C. Proposed Substantive Amendments to to correct technical omissions,
Subpart Db
the rationale for these amendments are
typographical errors, cross-reference presented below.
D. Proposed Substantive Amendments to
Subpart Dc
errors, grammatical errors, and various In addition, EPA is proposing to
III. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews other issues that have been identified republish 40 CFR 60.17 (Incorporations
A. Executive Order 12866: Regulatory since promulgation. The proposed by reference) and subparts D, Da, Db,
Planning and Review amendments would not significantly and Dc in their entirety. The proposed
B. Paper Reduction Act change EPA’s original projections for amendments include updating 40 CFR
C. Regulatory Flexibility Act the rule’s compliance costs, 60.17 to be consistent with the recent
D. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act environmental benefits, burden on formatting style used in subpart KKKK
E. Executive Order 13132: Federalism
of 40 CFR part 60 and revising the

F. Executive Order 13175: Consultation
and Coordination With Indian Tribal
1 An issue EPA is not granting reconsideration on wording and writing style to be more
is UARG’s request ‘‘EPA should also clarify that PM consistent across all the NSPS subparts
Governments CEMS data would not be ‘credible evidence’ of a
G. Executive Order 13045: Protection of violation of the applicable PM standard for a source
applicable to steam generating units.
Children From Environmental Health during a period for which the source has not otped EPA does not intend for these editorial
and Safety Risks to use PM CEMS to determine compliance.’’ revisions to substantively change any of
the technical or administrative collect and record data and perform demonstrating that a unit achieved the
requirements of the subparts and has compliance determinations for two 30-day average standards does not
concluded that these do not do so. The different averaging periods. remove the obligation to demonstrate
various subparts were promulgated at EPA is proposing to allow owners and continuous compliance with the 3-hour
different times and, therefore, vary operators of steam generating units average based standards.
somewhat in style. EPA has concluded subject to subpart D to elect to comply
with the NOX and SO2 standards for 2. Alternative PM CEMS Monitoring
that it is appropriate at this time to
reconcile these various styles in order to modified units under subpart Da. These The amendments to subpart Da in 40
provide consistency across the subparts. standards are based on 30-day rolling CFR part 60, promulgated on February
To the extent that the editorial revisions averages and would be an alternative to 27, 2006, allow affected owners and
do effect any unintended substantive meeting the existing applicable 3-hour operators of electric utility steam
changes, EPA will correct the problem average NOX and SO2 standards in generating units subject to subpart Da to
in taking final action on the proposed subpart D. Adding these alternative 30- install and operate a CEMS that
rule. The docket for this rulemaking day average NOX and SO2 standards to measures PM as an alternative to
(Docket ID No. EPA–HQ–OAR–2005– subpart D would simplify the continuously monitoring opacity. EPA
0031) contains complete redline/strike- compliance requirements and add fuel is proposing that the same alternative
out versions of each subpart, which choice flexibility. monitoring provisions be added to
allows direct comparison of all of the Since averaging time is an important subpart D. EPA has concluded that since
proposed amended rule text with the consideration when selecting the PM CEMS measure the pollutant of
existing rule text. numerical level for an emissions primary interest they provide adequate
standard, the limits EPA is proposing as assurance of PM control device
A. Proposed Substantive Amendments an alternative to the existing 3-hour performance, and continuous opacity
to Subpart D average based standards are monitoring is an unnecessary burden to
1. Alternative Emissions Standards significantly lower and represent affected sources using PM CEMS.
emissions levels achieved by electric
Subpart D of 40 CFR part 60 3. Alternate Carbon Monoxide
utility steam generating units retrofitted
establishes nitrogen oxides (NOX), SO2, Monitoring for Oil-Fired Steam
with post-combustion controls. As an
and PM emission standards for steam Generating Units
alternative to the existing 3-hour
generating units that began construction average subpart D SO2 standard of 0.8 or Under subpart D, all affected electric
between August 17, 1971 and 1.2 lb/MMBtu (depending on fuel type utility steam generating units (including
September 18, 1978. Continuous burned), EPA is proposing to allow a those that only burn natural gas) are
compliance with these emissions SO2 fuel neutral emissions limit of 1.4 subject to PM and visible emissions
standards is determined by comparison pounds per megawatts hour of output limit standards. Steam generating units
of the applicable emissions limit to the (lb/MWh), 0.15 lb/MMBtu, or 90 percent burning gaseous fuels do not require a
actual NOX and SO2 emissions reduction of potential SO2 emissions continuous opacity monitoring system
measured by CEMS and averaged over based on a 30-day rolling average. This (COMS), but all other affected facilities
three contiguous 1-hour periods. emissions limit could be applied to any burning liquid or solid fuels are
When subpart D was originally electric utility steam generating unit required to continuously monitor
developed, the NOX standards were subject to subpart D regardless of the opacity. Opacity readings from the
achievable with the use of available type of fuel burned. For the NOX COMS are not only used to determine
combustion controls, and the SO2 emissions limit, EPA is proposing a fuel compliance with the opacity standard,
standards were achievable by burning neutral 30-day rolling average emissions but also serve as a continuous indicator
low-sulfur fuels. EPA has concluded limit of 1.4 lb/MWh or 0.15 lb/MMBtu of PM emission levels. Elevated opacity
some of the electric utility steam as an alternative to the existing subpart levels are often indications of operating
generating units presently subject to D 3-hour NOX emissions limits of 0.2 to problems with the PM control device
subpart D will install additional post- 0.8 lb/MMBtu (depending on the type of and/or poor combustion.
combustion controls because they are fuel burned). In general, the level of filterable PM
subject to NOX and SO2 emissions To use the alternative standards, an emissions from oil-fired steam
standards implemented by other air owner or operator would request generating units is a function of the
programs after subpart D was permission from the EPA Administrator completeness of fuel combustion as well
promulgated. In many cases, for the affected source to begin as the ash content in the oil. Distillate
compliance with these other NOX and complying with the alternative 30-day oil contains negligible ash content, so
SO2 standards is based on 30-day or average NOX and SO2 standards. After the filterable PM emissions from
longer rolling averages instead of the 3- demonstrating initial compliance with distillate oil-fired steam generating units
hour averaging period used for the the 30-day average standards, the 30-day are primarily comprised of carbon
subpart D standards. For example, a average standards would apply to the particles resulting from incomplete
coal-fired electric utility steam source for the remainder of the combustion of the oil. Residual oil
generating unit subject to both the operating life of the unit. The decision contains larger amounts of ash (as much
subpart D NSPS and the Regional Haze to comply with the alternative 30-day as 0.2 percent) and additional PM
Regulations must meet: (1) A 3-hour average NOX and SO2 emissions results from the formation of coke, black
average SO2 emission of 1.2 pounds per standards would be a one-time and smoke (soot), and sulfates. Coke is
million Btu of heat input (lb/MMBtu) irreversible decision, i.e., an owner or comprised of larger particles and results
and (2) the Best Available Retrofit operator would not be allowed to switch from poor atomization of the fuel; soot
Technology (BART) presumptive 30-day between complying with the 3-hour results from incomplete fuel
rolling average SO2 emissions limit of average standards and the 30-day rolling combustion. The larger coke particles
0.15 lb/MMBtu or 95 percent reduction average standards. For owners and comprise the majority of the mass of PM
in potential emissions. This requires the operators who decide to continue to emissions, but are not highly visible.
owners and operators of the units demonstrate compliance based on the 3- Smaller black smoke particles are
subject to both subpart D and BART to hour rolling average standards, comprised of fine particulate carbon and
have relatively little mass, but have post-combustion technologies to reduce monitoring opacity, would it be
maximum visibility (opacity) impacts. PM, SO2, or CO (except a wet scrubber) appropriate to exempt oil-fired steam
Therefore, opacity for oil-fired steam would be able to elect to install and generating units monitoring CO
generating units is not always a reliable operate a CO CEMS in place of a COMS. emissions from the opacity standard
indicator of the total mass of PM The owner or operator would be completely? If oil-fired steam generating
emissions. required to periodically review the CO units were exempt from the opacity
Carbon monoxide (CO) emissions emissions measurements from the standard, the CO level would be
from oil-fired steam generating units CEMS. If the CO emissions level established as a CO emissions limit and
depend on the combustion efficiency of exceeds a specified threshold or action any exceedance above the level during
the fuel. The presence of CO in the level, the owner or operator would need operation would be a potential
exhaust gases from an oil-fired steam to initiate investigation of the relevant violation. Draft language EPA is
generating unit results principally from combustion controls or equipment upon considering is available in the docket.
incomplete fuel combustion, and is an first discovery of the elevated CO
indicator of the levels of both PM and emissions incident and, if necessary, B. Proposed Substantive Amendments
organic compound emissions, and that a take corrective action to adjust or repair to Subpart Da
unit is being operated improperly or not the combustion controls or equipment 1. Applicability
being well maintained. Furthermore, the to return the steam generating unit
PM emissions from oil-fired steam EPA is proposing language to clarify
operation to CO emissions levels below
generating units are related to the sulfur the applicability of subpart Da to
the action level.
content of the oil. Naturally low sulfur To select a CO value for the action electric utility steam generating units to
crude oil and desulfurized oils are value, EPA reviewed CO emissions data clearly state the intent of the
higher quality fuels and exhibit lower and CO emissions limits established by amendments published on February 27,
viscosity and reduced asphaltene, ash, State air permits and for existing oil- 2006. EPA is revising 40 CFR 60.40Da
and sulfur content, which results in fired steam generating units. Based on to clarify that integrated gasification
better atomization and improved overall this review, EPA concluded that daily combined cycle (IGCC) facilities are
combustion properties. average CO emissions levels below 0.15 subject to subpart Da, and not the
To provide additional flexibility and lb/MMBtu are representative of the stationary combustion turbine NSPS,
decrease the compliance burden on levels of CO emissions achievable by subpart KKKK, 40 CFR part 60.
affected facilities, EPA is requesting properly operated and maintained oil- 2. Compliance Procedures
comments on whether oil-fired steam fired steam generating units. Thus, for
generating units should be permitted to this alternative EPA proposes to use a Compliance with the PM emissions
continuously monitoring CO as an daily average CO emissions level of 0.15 limits in subpart Da is determined by
alternative to continuously monitoring lb/MMBtu as the action level above conducting performance tests, unless
opacity. Many oil-fired steam generating which corrective action would be the owner or operator elects to
units subject to subpart D are able to required. EPA is requesting comment on demonstrate compliance using PM
achieve the PM emissions limit without whether this is an appropriate level or CEMS. During the performance test, the
the use of post-combustion PM controls whether a different level and/or owner or operator also establishes
(e.g., electrostatic precipitator (ESP) or averaging time should be used. opacity and appropriate control device
fabric filter). For these units, opacity The fuel characteristics of distillate operating parameter limits based on the
levels are primarily determined by the oil and low sulfur oils result in actual values measured during the test.
combustion efficiency of the steam inherently lower PM emissions. EPA is Following the performance test, the
generating units. Since CO emissions proposing the CO monitoring alternative owner or operator continuously
are also a direct function of the be restricted to only those steam monitors opacity and the selected
combustion efficiency, EPA has generating units burning distillate oil operating parameters with respect to the
concluded that either opacity or CO and residual oil that contains no more established limits. An owner or operator
emissions can be used as reliable than 0.30 percent sulfur. As another of an affected steam generating unit
indicators of PM emissions levels from option, since distillate oil containing no using an ESP must monitor voltage and
oil-fired steam generating units not more than 0.05 weight percent sulfur secondary current; while affected
using PM or CO post-combustion (500 parts per million (ppm) S) has sources using a fabric filter must install
controls. Additionally, in situations relatively low emissions, should steam and monitor bag leak detectors. If the
where an oil-fired steam generating unit generating units burning 500 ppm S threshold values are exceeded, the
is using a wet scrubber and opacity distillate oil exclusively or in owner or operator is required to perform
monitoring using COMS is not feasible combination with gaseous fuels be a new performance test to demonstrate
due to the water vapor in the gas stream exempt from the COMS requirement, that the affected source is still in
exiting the control device, continuous while all other oil-fired facilities would compliance with the applicable
CO monitoring provides an alternative still be required to install COMS? emissions limit.
means for monitoring PM emissions. Finally, should the CO level of 0.15 The PM not collected by an ESP and
The alternative would not apply to oil- lb/MMBtu be established as a CO emitted in the ESP exhaust gas stream
fired steam generating units using an emissions limit or as a deviation that has a relatively constant size
ESP or fabric filter for PM control or a triggers corrective action? If exceeding distribution, which does not change
CO catalyst to reduce CO emissions. the CO level is a deviation requiring the significantly as the ESP performance
Opacity can be used by operators to owner or operator to take corrective changes. Consequently, ESP opacity
identify problems with the PM control action, what percent of the time should variations from the baseline established
equipment, and post-combustion PM an affected source be allowed to exceed during the performance test reflect
and CO controls alter the relationship the CO action level before it is changes in PM mass emissions. For
between CO and PM emissions. considered a potential violation? As an fabric filters, the opacity and PM
If this alternative is added to subpart alternative, since monitoring CO relationship is not as constant. An
D, owners and operators of affected oil- provides equivalent or superior increase in PM emissions from a fabric
fired steam generating units without protection to the environment as filter can occur from holes developing
in the bags. This results in a size parameters to determine if a new steam generating units subject to
distribution change of the particles performance test has been triggered. subpart D as discussed in Section A.3 of
being emitted in the fabric filter exhaust Also, since ash characteristics vary this notice instead of using a COMS? If
gas stream. Since the particles going significantly even within the same coal EPA adopts this provision, the affected
through the holes are the same size type, EPA is considering requiring that source using a CO CEMS in place of a
distribution as the inlet particles (not the baseline be re-determined (or model COMS would be subject to the same
just the fine diameter particles that parameters adjusted) each time the daily CO action level of 0.15 lb/MMBtu
escape capture and pass through the bag affected facility changes the ratio of as would be applied to affected sources
filter material) PM mass emissions from fuels used or takes delivery from a new subject to subpart D. Similar to units
a fabric filter can increase substantially coal mine or supplier. In addition, to with PM CEMS, the 20 percent opacity
with little impact on opacity. For fabric monitor the performance of a fabric standard would still apply to the source,
filters, bag leak detectors are more filter, is a 5 percent bag leak detector but opacity would not be required to be
sensitive to increases in PM emissions alarm rate on a 30-day rolling basis an continuously monitored. Since residual
than opacity. appropriate trigger for a performance oil-fired steam generating units
EPA is soliciting comment on whether test? generally require post-combustion
opacity, in conjunction with either EPA is also proposing to shorten the controls to achieve the PM standard in
monitoring ESP parameters or using time period required to conduct the subpart Da, in practice EPA would
fabric filter bag leak detectors, are ‘‘triggered’’ performance test from 60 expect that only owners and operators
adequate and the appropriate days to 45 operating days. Should the of distillate oil-fired units and residual
monitoring parameters for period be further shortened to 30 oil-fired units using wet scrubbers
demonstrating continuous proper operating days from the day of the would elect to use this alternative.
operation of the PM control device. If initial exceedance, or is 60 operating
not, what parameters should be days appropriate? 4. Alternative PM CEMS Monitoring
monitored, and what percent deviation For owners and operators of affected
3. Alternate Carbon Monoxide
from the baseline is appropriate? EPA is electric utility steam generating units
Monitoring for Oil-Fired Steam
specifically asking if the 110 percent of electing to use PM CEMS to demonstrate
Generating Units
the baseline opacity value measured continuous compliance with the
during the performance test is an One technical error EPA is correcting applicable PM emissions limit, EPA is
appropriate indicator of the need for a is the continuous opacity monitoring proposing a phased data availability
new performance test. Would it be requirements for oil-fired steam requirement. Initially, PM CEMS hourly
appropriate to add a 5 percent allowable generating units subject to subparts Da, averages would be required to be
deviation (on a 30-day rolling average) Db, and Dc. Affected industrial, obtained for a minimum of 75 percent
above the baseline opacity or set a lower commercial, and institutional steam of all operating hours on a 30-day
indicator limit of 5 percent per clock generating units burning only low sulfur rolling average basis. Beginning on
hour regardless of the opacity value oil have relatively low filterable January 1, 2012, valid PM CEMS hourly
measured during the PM performance particulate matter (PM) emissions and averages would be required for a
test? Since facilities using fabric filters are exempt from the PM standard, but
minimum of 90 percent of all operating
generally have low opacity emissions, still must continuously monitor opacity.
hours on a 30-day rolling average basis;
an hourly opacity limit of 5 percent For these units, opacity serves both as
this value is consistent with the recently
would apply for them. In contrast, an emissions limit on visible emissions
amended 90 percent data availability
facilities using ESP to control PM and as an indicator that the steam
requirement in subpart Da for NOX and
emissions tend to have higher opacity generating unit and associated air
SO2 CEMS.
emissions, and would still be able to pollution controls are being properly
EPA is also requesting comments on
establish a baseline opacity. maintained and operated. The intent of
the proper emissions averaging time for
To monitor the performance of an the amendments was to maintain the
units electing to use PM CEMS. EPA is
ESP, are voltage and secondary current PM exemption for affected facilities
proposing to maintain that PM
appropriate additional parameters to burning low sulfur oil and therefore not
emissions be averaged over each
monitor, and is the 10 percent deviation require an initial PM performance test.
It was not the intent of the amendments operating day, but is requesting
from the baseline an appropriate comments on whether, alternatively,
amount of variation to trigger a new to eliminate continuous opacity
monitoring for these facilities without this average should be on an 8-hour, 24-
performance test? As an alternative to
first requesting public comment. hour, 30-day, or other appropriate
establishing a baseline voltage and
Subpart Da requires all affected rolling average period. Longer averaging
secondary current, should daily use of
existing oil-fired steam generating units times allow for more stable emission
an ESP predictive performance
to demonstrate compliance with the PM rates and tend toward a lower standard.
computer model be required? One
standard through a performance test and Shorter averaging times introduce more
advantage of using a predictive ESP
installation of a COMS to monitor variability in emission rates and tend
model is that ESP performance is
visible emissions. Similar to subpart D, toward higher standards. EPA requests
impacted by the properties of the ash.
EPA is requesting comment on whether that each commenter provide an
Without using a model that accounts for
both the ash characteristics (amount and affected steam generating units burning appropriate emission standard for use
resistivity) and the ESP operating distillate oil containing less than 0.05 with any suggested alternate averaging
parameters, voltage and secondary weight percent sulfur (500 ppm S) time.
current cannot be directly correlated to should be exempt from the COMS C. Proposed Substantive Amendments
PM emissions. If use of a predictive ESP requirement. As an alternative, should to Subpart Db

model was added, an affected facility EPA permit low sulfur oil-fired subpart
would be required to establish the Da affected facilities without PM, SO2, 1. Emissions Standards
model parameters during each or CO post-combustion controls (except EPA is proposing that steam
performance test and then use daily a wet scrubber) to be allowed to use the generating units subject to subpart Db
average ash characteristics and ESP same CO monitoring alternative for that burn natural gas or coke oven gas
(COG) be exempt from the PM emissions standard. All coal (except COG), wood, sulfur may elect to record fuel usage
standard. Both natural gas and COG- and oil-fired affected facilities are amounts on a monthly instead of daily
fired steam generating units do not use subject to the opacity standard, and are basis. In addition, owners or operators
post-combustion PM controls, and have required to install a COMS. Consistent of steam generating units with
inherently low PM emissions. As a with the CO monitoring alternative for maximum heat input capacities of less
result, the PM performance test results steam generating units subject to than 30 MMBtu/hr and combusting coal
in limited environmental benefit. subparts D or Da as discussed in Section and residual oil may elect to record the
EPA is also proposing to revise the A.3 of this notice, EPA is proposing to amounts of fuels combusted each
procedure used to grant site-specific exempt affected industrial-commercial- calendar month. EPA has concluded
NOX limits under 40 CFR 60.44b. Only institutional steam generating units not that allowing monthly fuel usage
a limited number of site-specific limits using post-combustion technology to monitoring for these steam generating
have been granted under this provision reduce SO2 or PM emissions and units provides adequate assurance of
in the past 20 years. Currently, EPA burning only distillate oil containing no compliance, as well as minimizing the
amends subpart Db by a formal notice greater than 0.05 weight percent (500 burden to affected facilities.
and comment rulemaking when granting ppm) sulfur and low sulfur gasified EPA is considering and requesting
a site-specific limit. To simplify the fuels (desulfurized gasified coal and comments on whether owners or
procedure and reduce administrative gasified wood) from the COMS operators of multiple steam generating
burden, EPA is proposing to grant site- requirements in subpart Db. The units located on a contiguous property
specific NOX limits by sending a letter filterable PM emissions from sources facility where the only fuels combusted
to the facility owner or operator burning low sulfur distillate are in any steam generating unit located on
detailing the site-specific limit and inherently low (less than 0.02 lb/ that property are natural gas, wood, and
publishing that letter in EPA’s MMBtu), and this change would provide distillate oil containing no more than
applicability determination index. flexibility for natural gas-fired steam 0.50 weight percent sulfur should have
2. Units Burning Coke Oven Gas generating units to burn distillate oil as the option to elect to only record the
a backup fuel without having to install total amounts of fuels delivered to the
Because of the specific characteristics and operate a COMS. As an alternative, property each calendar month instead of
of the steel industry, EPA is proposing should EPA permit low sulfur (less than the amount combusted at each affected
to allow a 30-day exceedance per year 0.30 weight percent sulfur) affected oil- facility. Draft language EPA is
from the SO2 emission limit for steam fired units not using post-combustion requesting comment on for a potential
generating units burning COG technology (except a wet scrubber) to 40 CFR 60.48c(g)(3) is as follows:
exclusively or in combination with reduce emissions of SO2, PM, or CO to ‘‘(3) As an alternative to meeting the
other gaseous fuels or distillate oil. COG install a CO CEMS in place of a COMS? requirements of paragraph (g)(1) of this
desulfurization facilities require EPA is considering using the same daily section, the owner or operator of an
periodic maintenance, but the coking CO action level of 0.15 lb/MMBtu as affected facility or multiple affected
process continues during this time, and would be applied to affected sources facilities located on a contiguous
it is cost prohibitive to store the COG. subject to subpart D or Da. The property unit where the only fuels
Coke-making facilities would either industrial boiler MACT requires new combusted in any steam generating unit
have to install a second desulfurization oil-fired units to monitor CO; allowing (including steam generating units not
unit or flare the COG and burn natural this alternate monitoring would reduce subject to this subpart) at that property
gas during the maintenance period. Of the burden on the regulated community are natural gas, wood, distillate oil
these two options, the least cost option while still providing adequate meeting the most current requirements
would be to flare the COG and use environmental protection. in § 60.42c to use fuel certification to
natural gas during the annual
D. Proposed Substantive Amendments demonstrate compliance with the SO2
maintenance. This would result in both
to Subpart Dc standard, and/or fuels, excluding coal
increased cost to the steel industry and
and residual oil, not subject to an
NOX emissions without achieving any 1. Emissions Standards emissions standard (excluding opacity)
reductions in SO2. State permitting
EPA is proposing that industrial- may elect to record and maintain
authorities have recognized this and
commercial-institutional steam records of the total amount of each
have included similar exemptions in
generating units subject to subpart Dc steam generating unit fuel delivered to
their permits.
that burn natural gas or low-sulfur oil be that property during each calendar
3. Compliance Procedures exempt from the PM emissions month.’’
EPA is proposing to amend 40 CFR standard. This amendment reflects This alternative would be restricted to
60.49b(r) to add a detailed procedure for EPA’s intent for applying the PM properties where no coal or residual oil
affected facilities complying with the emissions limits to industrial- is combusted in any steam generating
fuel based limit. commercial-institutional steam unit located at that property. In
generating units subject to subpart Dc, addition, the alternative would require
4. Alternate Opacity Monitoring and would be consistent with the that all distillate oil-fired steam
Since COG-fired steam generating exemption from the PM emissions limits generating units located on the property
units have filterable PM emissions allowed for units subject to Dc that were (including those not subject to subpart
similar to natural gas, EPA is proposing constructed before February 28, 2005. Dc) only combust distillate oil
to exempt industrial-commercial- containing no more than 0.50 weight
institutional steam generating units 2. Compliance Procedures percent sulfur. If subpart Dc is amended
burning COG from the COM EPA is proposing to clarify the fuel in the future to require the use of lower
requirement. recordkeeping requirements in 40 CFR sulfur distillate oil, all steam generating
Under subpart Db, 40 CFR part 60, 60.48c(g). Owners or operators of steam units located at that property would
affected facilities burning coal (except generating units combusting only have to switch to the lower sulfur
COG), wood, and oil (other than very natural gas, wood, and distillate oil distillate oil for the owner or operator to
low sulfur oil) are subject to the PM containing less than 0.5 weight percent elect to use this alternative.
3. Alternate Opacity Monitoring B. Paperwork Reduction Act C. Regulatory Flexibility Act

Under subpart Dc, 40 CFR part 60, This action does not impose any new The Regulatory Flexibility Act
affected steam generating units burning information collection burden under the generally requires an agency to prepare
coal, wood, and oil containing more provisions of the Paperwork Reduction a regulatory flexibility analysis of any
than 0.5 weight percent sulfur are Act, 44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq. The rule subject to notice and comment
subject to the PM standard. All coal, proposed amendments result in no rulemaking requirements under the
wood, and oil-fired affected facilities are changes to the information collection Administrative Procedure Act or any
subject to the opacity standard, but requirements of the existing standards other statute unless the agency certifies
affected facilities burning distillate oil of performance and would have no that the rule will not have a significant
containing less than 0.5 weight percent impact on the information collection economic impact on a substantial
sulfur are exempt from the COM estimate of projected cost and hour number of small entities. Small entities
requirement. EPA is proposing that burden made and approved by the include small businesses, small
owners and operators of affected steam Office of Management and Budget organizations, and small governmental
generating units burning desulfurized (OMB) during the development of the jurisdictions.
gasified coal and gasified wood and not existing standards of performance. For purposes of assessing the impacts
using post-combustion PM or SO2 Therefore, the information collection of the proposed amendments on small
controls be exempt from continuously requests have not been amended. OMB entities, small entity is defined as: (1) A
monitoring opacity. Should the has previously approved the small business as defined by the Small
exemption be limited to fuels with information collection requirements Business Administration’s regulations at
potential SO2 emissions less than 26 contained in the existing standards of 13 CFR 121.201; (2) a small
nanograms per Joule heat input (0.06 lb/ performance (40 CFR part 60, subparts governmental jurisdiction that is a
MMBtu), or should a different potential Da, Db, and Dc) under the provisions of government of a city, county, town,
sulfur limit be required? Sources the Paperwork Reduction Act, 44 U.S.C. school district or special district with a
supporting this exemption should 3501 et seq., at the time the standards population of less than 50,000; and (3)
provide emissions data demonstrating were promulgated on June 11, 1979 (40 a small organization that is any not-for-
that uncontrolled PM emissions are CFR part 60, subpart Da, 44 FR 33580), profit enterprise which is independently
consistently below 0.030 lb/MMBtu. November 25, 1986 (40 CFR part 60, owned and operated and is not
These facilities would still be subject to subpart Db, 51 FR 42768), and dominant in its field.
the PM emission limit and opacity September 12, 1990 (40 CFR part 60, After considering the economic
standard, but exempt from the COMS subpart Dc, 55 FR 37674). OMB impacts of this proposed rule on small
requirement. assigned OMB control numbers 2060– entities, I certify that this action will not
Finally, should affected steam 0023 (ICR 1053.07) for 40 CFR part 60, have a significant economic impact on
generating units burning residual oil subpart Da, 2060–0072 (ICR 1088.10) for a substantial number of small entities.
containing less than 0.5 weight percent 40 CFR part 60, subpart Db, 2060–0202 Although this proposed rule will not
sulfur and/or desulfurized gasified coal (ICR 1564.06) for 40 CFR part 60, have a significant economic impact on
and gasified wood have the option of subpart Dc. Copies of the information a substantial number of small entities,
monitoring CO emissions in place of collection request document(s) may be EPA nonetheless has tried to reduce the
opacity consistent with the CO obtained from Susan Auby by mail at impact of this rule on small entities.
monitoring alternative for steam U.S. EPA, Office of Environmental EPA is proposing to reduce the fuel
generating units subject to subpart D as Information, Collection. usage recordkeeping requirement for
discussed in Section A.3 of this notice? subpart Dc facilities. In addition, EPA is
Burden means the total time, effort, or taking comment on minimizing the
EPA is requesting comment on whether financial resources expended by persons
residual oil-fired steam generating units continuous opacity monitoring
to generate, maintain, retain, or disclose requirements for oil-fired facilities. EPA
subject to subpart Dc should be able to or provide information to or for a
elect to install a CO CEMS and maintain has, therefore, concluded that this
Federal agency. This includes the time proposed rule will relieve regulatory
daily average CO emission below a level needed to review instructions; develop,
of 0.15 lb/MMBtu in place of the COMS burden for all affected small entities.
acquire, install, and utilize technology EPA continues to be interested in the
requirement. This would reduce the and systems for the purposes of
compliance burden for sources already potential impacts of the proposed rule
collecting, validating, and verifying on small entities and welcome
monitoring CO emissions (due to the information, processing and
boiler MACT or other regulation) and comments on issues related to such
maintaining information, and disclosing impacts.
still provide adequate environmental and providing information; adjust the
protection. existing ways to comply with any D. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act
III. Statutory and Executive Order previously applicable instructions and Title II of the Unfunded Mandates
Reviews requirements; train personnel to be able Reform Act of 1995 (UMRA), Public
to respond to a collection of Law 104–4, establishes requirements for
A. Executive Order 12866: Regulatory information; search data sources; Federal agencies to assess the effects of
Planning and Review complete and review the collection of their regulatory actions on State, local,
This action is not a ‘‘significant information; and transmit or otherwise and tribal governments and the private
regulatory action’’ under the terms of disclose the information. sector. Under section 202 of the UMRA,
Executive Order (EO) 12866 (58 FR An agency may not conduct or EPA generally must prepare a written
51735, October 4, 1993) and is, sponsor, and a person is not required to statement, including a cost-benefit
therefore, not subject to review under respond to a collection of information analysis, for proposed and final rules
the EO. EPA has concluded that the unless it displays a currently valid OMB with ‘‘Federal mandates’’ that may
amendments EPA is requesting control number. OMB control numbers result in expenditures to State, local,
additional comments on will not change for EPA’s regulations in 40 CFR are and tribal governments, in the aggregate,
the costs or benefits of the rule. listed in 40 CFR part 9. or to the private sector, of $100 million
or more in any one year. Before power and responsibilities among the analysis required under section 5–501 of
promulgating an EPA rule for which a various levels of government.’’ the Order has the potential to influence
written statement is needed, section 205 The proposed amendments do not the regulation. The proposed
of the UMRA generally requires EPA to have federalism implications. They will amendments are based on technology
identify and consider a reasonable not have substantial direct effects on the performance and not on health or safety
number of regulatory alternatives and States, on the relationship between the risks and, therefore, are not subject to
adopt the least costly, most cost- national government and the States, or Executive Order 13045.
effective or least burdensome alternative on the distribution of power and
that achieves the objectives of the rule. responsibilities among the various H. Executive Order 13211: Actions
The provisions of section 205 do not levels of government, as specified in Concerning Regulations That
apply when they are inconsistent with Executive Order 13132. The proposed Significantly Affect Energy Supply,
applicable law. Moreover, section 205 amendments will not impose substantial Distribution, or Use
allows EPA to adopt an alternative other direct compliance costs on State or local This proposed action is not subject to
than the least costly, most cost-effective governments; it will not preempt State Executive Order 13211, ‘‘Actions
or least burdensome alternative if the law. Thus, Executive Order 13132 does Concerning Regulations That
Administrator publishes with the final not apply to the proposed amendments. Significantly Affect Energy Supply,
rule an explanation why that alternative F. Executive Order 13175: Consultation Distribution, or Use’’ (66 FR 28355, May
was not adopted. Before EPA establishes and Coordination With Indian Tribal 22, 2001) because it is not a significant
any regulatory requirements that may Governments regulatory action under Executive Order
significantly or uniquely affect small 12866.
governments, including tribal Executive Order 13175, entitled
governments, it must have developed ‘‘Consultation and Coordination with I. National Technology Transfer
under section 203 of the UMRA a small Indian Tribal Governments’’ (65 FR Advancement Act
government agency plan. The plan must 67249, November 9, 2000), requires EPA Section 12(d) of the National
provide for notifying potentially to develop an accountable process to Technology Transfer and Advancement
affected small governments, enabling ensure ‘‘meaningful and timely input by Act of 1995 (NTTAA), Public Law 104–
officials of affected small governments tribal officials in the development of 113, Section 12(d) (15 U.S.C. 272 note)
to have meaningful and timely input in regulatory policies that have tribal directs us to use voluntary consensus
the development of EPA regulatory implications.’’ The proposed standards in our regulatory activities
proposals with significant Federal amendments do not have tribal unless to do so would be inconsistent
intergovernmental mandates, and implications, as specified in Executive with applicable law or otherwise
informing, educating, and advising Order 13175. The proposed impractical. Voluntary consensus
small governments on compliance with amendments will not have substantial standards are technical standards (e.g.,
the regulatory requirements. direct effects on tribal governments, on material specifications, test methods,
EPA has determined that the the relationship between the Federal sampling procedures, business
proposed amendments will contain no Government and Indian tribes, or on the practices) developed or adopted by one
Federal mandates that may result in distribution of power and or more voluntary consensus bodies.
expenditures of $100 million or more responsibilities between the Federal The NTTAA directs us to provide
for State, local, and tribal governments, government and Indian tribes. Thus, Congress, through OMB, explanations
in the aggregate, or the private sector in Executive Order 13175 does not apply when EPA decides not use available and
any 1 year. Thus, the proposed to the proposed amendments. applicable voluntary consensus
amendments are not subject to the G. Executive Order 13045: Protection of standards.
requirements of section 202 and 205 of Children From Environmental Health This action does not involve any new
the UMRA. In addition, EPA determined technical standards or the incorporation
and Safety Risks
that the proposed amendments contain by reference of existing technical
no regulatory requirements that might Executive Order 13045 (62 FR 19885,
April 23, 1997) applies to any rule that: standards. Therefore, the consideration
significantly or uniquely affect small of voluntary consensus standards is not
governments because the burden is (1) Is determined to be ‘‘economically
significant’’ as defined under Executive relevant to this action.
small and the regulation does not
unfairly apply to small governments. Order 12866, and (2) concerns an List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 60
Therefore, the proposed amendments environmental health or safety risk that
EPA has reason to believe may have a Environmental protection,
are not subject to the requirements of Administrative practice and procedure,
section 203 of the UMRA. disproportionate effect on children. If
the regulatory action meets both criteria, Air pollution control, Intergovernmental
E. Executive Order 13132: Federalism the Agency must evaluate the relations, Reporting and recordkeeping
Executive Order 13132, entitled environmental health or safety effects of requirements.
‘‘Federalism’’ (64 FR 43255, August 10, the planned rule on children, and Dated: January 31, 2007.
1999), requires EPA to develop an explain why the planned regulation is Stephen L. Johnson,
accountable process to ensure preferable to other potentially effective Administrator.
‘‘meaningful and timely input by State and reasonably feasible alternatives For the reasons stated in the
and local officials in the development of considered by the Agency. preamble, title 40, chapter I, part 60, of
regulatory policies that have federalism This proposed action is not subject to the Code of the Federal Regulations is
implications.’’ ‘‘Policies that have the Executive Order because it is not proposed to be amended as follows:
federalism implications’’ is defined in economically significant as defined

the Executive Order to include under Executive Order 12866, and PART 60—[AMENDED]
regulations that have ‘‘substantial direct because EPA interprets Executive Order
effects on the States, on the relationship 13045 as applying only to those 1. The authority citation for part 60
between the national government and regulatory actions that are based on continues to read as follows:
the States, or on the distribution of health or safety risks, such that the Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401, et seq.
Subpart A—[Amended] Products (Reid Method), IBR approved (25) ASTM D1266–98 (Reapproved
for §§ 60.111(l), 60.111a(g), 60.111b(g), 2003) e 1, Standard Test Method for
2. Section 60.17 is amended by and 60.116b(f)(2)(ii). Sulfur in Petroleum Products (Lamp
revising paragraph (a) to read as follows: (14) ASTM D388–99 (Reapproved Method), IBR approved for
§ 60.17 Incorporation by Reference 2004) e 1, Standard Specification for § 60.4415(a)(1)(i).
Classification of Coals by Rank, IBR (26) ASTM D1475–60 (Reapproved
* * * * * 1980), 90, Standard Test Method for
(a) The following materials are approved for §§ 60.41(g) of subpart D of
this part, 60.45(f)(4)(i), 60.45(f)(4)(ii), Density of Paint, Varnish Lacquer, and
available for purchase from at least one
60.45(f)(4)(vi), 60.41Da of subpart Da of Related Products, IBR approved for
of the following addresses: American
this part, and 60.41b of subpart Db of § 60.435(d)(1), Appendix A: Method 24,
Society for Testing and Materials
this part, 60.41c of subpart Dc of this Section 6.1; and Method 24A, Sections
(ASTM), 100 Barr Harbor Drive, Post
part. 6.5 and 7.1.
Office Box C700, West Conshohocken, (27) ASTM D1552–83, 95, 01,
PA 19428–2959; or ProQuest, 300 North (15) ASTM D388–77, 90, 91, 95, 98a,
Standard Specification for Classification Standard Test Method for Sulfur in
Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48106. Petroleum Products (High-Temperature
(1) ASTM A99–76, 82 (Reapproved of Coals by Rank, IBR approved for
60.251(b) and (c) of subpart Y of this Method), IBR approved for
1987), Standard Specification for §§ 60.106(j)(2), 60.335(b)(10)(i), and
Ferromanganese, incorporation by part.
(16) ASTM D388–77, 90, 91, 95, 98a, Appendix A: Method 19, Section
reference (IBR) approved for § 60.261. 12.5.2.2.3.
(2) ASTM A100–69, 74, 93, Standard 99 (Reapproved 2004) e 1, Standard
Specification for Classification of Coals (28) ASTM D1552–03, Standard Test
Specification for Ferrosilicon, IBR Method for Sulfur in Petroleum
approved for § 60.261. by Rank, IBR approved for
§§ 60.24(h)(8), and 60.4102. Products (High-Temperature Method),
(3) ASTM A101–73, 93, Standard IBR approved for § 60.4415(a)(1)(i).
Specification for Ferrochromium, IBR (17) ASTM D396–98, Standard
Specification for Fuel Oils, IBR (29) ASTM D1826–94, Standard Test
approved for § 60.261. Method for Calorific Value of Gases in
(4) ASTM A482–76, 93, Standard approved for §§ 60.41b of subpart Db of
this part and 60.41c of subpart Dc of this Natural Gas Range by Continuous
Specification for Ferrochromesilicon, Recording Calorimeter, IBR approved
IBR approved for § 60.261. part.
(18) ASTM D396–78, 89, 90, 92, 96, for §§ 60.45(f)(5)(ii) and 60.46(c)(2).
(5) ASTM A483–64, 74 (Reapproved (30) ASTM D1826–77, 94, Standard
1988), Standard Specification for 98, Standard Specification for Fuel Oils,
Test Method for Calorific Value of Gases
Silicomanganese, IBR approved for IBR approved for 60.111(b) of subpart K
in Natural Gas Range by Continuous
§ 60.261. of this part and 60.111a(b) of subpart Ka
Recording Calorimeter, IBR approved
(6) ASTM A495–76, 94, Standard of this part.
for § 60.296(b)(3) and Appendix A:
Specification for Calcium-Silicon and (19) ASTM D975–78, 96, 98a,
Method 19, Section 12.3.2.4.
Calcium Manganese-Silicon, IBR Standard Specification for Diesel Fuel
(31) ASTM D1835–03a, Standard
approved for § 60.261. Oils, IBR approved for §§ 60.111(b) of
Specification for Liquefied Petroleum
(7) ASTM D86–78, 82, 90, 93, 95, 96, subpart K of this part and 60.111a(b) of
(LP) Gases, IBR approved for § 60.41Da
Distillation of Petroleum Products, IBR subpart Ka of this part.
of subpart Da of this part, 60.41b of
approved for §§ 60.562–2(d), 60.593(d), (20) ASTM D1072–80, 90 subpart Db of this part, and 60.41c of
and 60.633(h). (Reapproved 1994), Standard Test subpart Dc of this part.
(8) ASTM D129–64, 78, 95, 00, Method for Total Sulfur in Fuel Gases, (32) ASTM D1945–96, Standard
Standard Test Method for Sulfur in IBR approved for § 60.335(b)(10)(ii). Method for Analysis of Natural Gas by
Petroleum Products (General Bomb (21) ASTM D1072–90 (Reapproved Gas Chromatography, IBR approved for
Method), IBR approved for 1999), Standard Test Method for Total § 60.45(f)(5)(i).
§§ 60.106(j)(2), 60.335(b)(10)(i), and Sulfur in Fuel Gases, IBR approved for (33) ASTM D1946–77, 90
Appendix A: Method 19, 12.5.2.2.3. § 60.4415(a)(1)(ii). (Reapproved 1994), Standard Method
(9) ASTM D129–00 (Reapproved (22) ASTM D1137–75, Standard for Analysis of Reformed Gas by Gas
2005), Standard Test Method for Sulfur Method for Analysis of Natural Gases Chromatography, IBR approved for
in Petroleum Products (General Bomb and Related Types of Gaseous Mixtures §§ 60.18(f)(3), 60.564(f)(1),
Method), IBR approved for by the Mass Spectrometer, IBR approved 60.614(e)(2)(ii), 60.614(e)(4),
§ 60.4415(a)(1)(i). for § 60.45(f)(5)(i). 60.664(e)(2)(ii), 60.664(e)(4),
(10) ASTM D240–92, Standard Test (23) ASTM D1193–77, 91, Standard 60.704(d)(2)(ii), and 60.704(d)(4).
Method for Heat of Combustion of Specification for Reagent Water, IBR (34) ASTM D1946–90 (Reapproved
Liquid Hydrocarbon Fuels by Bomb approved for Appendix A: Method 5, 1994), Standard Method for Analysis of
Calorimeter, IBR approved for Section 7.1.3; Method 5E, Section 7.2.1; Reformed Gas by Gas Chromatography,
§ 60.46(c). Method 5F, Section 7.2.1; Method 6, IBR approved for § 60.45(f)(5)(i).
(11) ASTM D240–76, 92, Standard Section 7.1.1; Method 7, Section 7.1.1; (35) ASTM D2013–72, 86, Standard
Test Method for Heat of Combustion of Method 7C, Section 7.1.1; Method 7D, Method of Preparing Coal Samples for
Liquid Hydrocarbon Fuels by Bomb Section 7.1.1; Method 10A, Section Analysis, IBR approved for Appendix A:
Calorimeter, IBR approved for 7.1.1; Method 11, Section 7.1.3; Method Method 19, Section 12.5.2.1.3.
§ 60.296(b) and Appendix A: Method 12, Section 7.1.3; Method 13A, Section (36) ASTM D2015–96, Standard Test
19, Section 12.5.2.2.3. 7.1.2; Method 26, Section 7.1.2; Method Method for Gross Calorific Value of
(12) ASTM D270–65, 75, Standard 26A, Section 7.1.2; and Method 29, Solid Fuel by the Adiabatic Bomb
Method of Sampling Petroleum and Section 7.2.2. Calorimeter, IBR approved for
Petroleum Products, IBR approved for (24) ASTM D1266–87, 91, 98, §§ 60.45(f)(5)(ii) and 60.46(c)(2).
Appendix A: Method 19, Section Standard Test Method for Sulfur in (37) ASTM D2015–77 (Reapproved
12.5.2.2.1. Petroleum Products (Lamp Method), IBR 1978), 96, Standard Test Method for
(13) ASTM D323–82, 94, Test Method approved for §§ 60.106(j)(2) and Gross Calorific Value of Solid Fuel by
for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum 60.335(b)(10)(i). the Adiabatic Bomb Calorimeter, IBR
approved for Appendix A: Method 19, (Dioctyl Phthalate) Smoke Test, IBR Products, IBR approved for
Section 12.5.2.1.3. approved for Appendix A: Method 5, § 60.4415(a)(1).
(38) ASTM D2016–74, 83, Standard Section 7.1.1; Method 12, Section 7.1.1; (65) ASTM D4084–82, 94, Standard
Test Methods for Moisture Content of and Method 13A, Section 7.1.1.2. Test Method for Analysis of Hydrogen
Wood, IBR approved for Appendix A: (51) ASTM D3173–73, 87, Standard Sulfide in Gaseous Fuels (Lead Acetate
Method 28, Section 16.1.1. Test Method for Moisture in the Reaction Rate Method), IBR approved
(39) ASTM D2234–76, 96, 97b, 98, Analysis Sample of Coal and Coke, IBR for § 60.334(h)(1).
Standard Methods for Collection of a approved for Appendix A: Method 19, (66) ASTM D4084–05, Standard Test
Gross Sample of Coal, IBR approved for Section 12.5.2.1.3. Method for Analysis of Hydrogen
Appendix A: Method 19, Section (52) ASTM D3176–89, Standard Sulfide in Gaseous Fuels (Lead Acetate
12.5.2.1.1. Method for Ultimate Analysis of Coal Reaction Rate Method), IBR approved
(40) ASTM D2369–81, 87, 90, 92, 93, and Coke, IBR approved for for §§ 60.4360 and 60.4415(a)(1)(ii).
95, Standard Test Method for Volatile § 60.45(f)(5)(i). (67) ASTM D4177–95, Standard
Content of Coatings, IBR approved for (53) ASTM D3176–74, 89, Standard Practice for Automatic Sampling of
Appendix A: Method 24, Section 6.2. Method for Ultimate Analysis of Coal Petroleum and Petroleum Products, IBR
(41) ASTM D2382–76, 88, Heat of and Coke, IBR approved for Appendix approved for Appendix A: Method 19,
Combustion of Hydrocarbon Fuels by A: Method 19, Section 12.3.2.3. Section 12.5.2.2.1.
Bomb Calorimeter (High-Precision (54) ASTM D3177–75, 89, Standard (68) ASTM D4177–95 (Reapproved
Method), IBR approved for Test Method for Total Sulfur in the 2000), Standard Practice for Automatic
§§ 60.18(f)(3), 60.485(g)(6), 60.564(f)(3), Analysis Sample of Coal and Coke, IBR Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum
60.614(e)(4), 60.664(e)(4), and approved for Appendix A: Method 19, Products, IBR approved for
60.704(d)(4). Section 12.5.2.1.3. § 60.4415(a)(1).
(42) ASTM D2504–67, 77, 88 (69) ASTM D4239–85, 94, 97,
(55) ASTM D3178–89, Standard Test
(Reapproved 1993), Noncondensable Standard Test Methods for Sulfur in the
Methods for Carbon and Hydrogen in
Gases in C3 and Lighter Hydrocarbon Analysis Sample of Coal and Coke
the Analysis Sample of Coal and Coke,
Products by Gas Chromatography, IBR Using High Temperature Tube Furnace
IBR approved for § 60.45(f)(5)(i).
approved for § 60.485(g)(5). Combustion Methods, IBR approved for
(56) ASTM D3246–81, 92, 96,
(43) ASTM D2584–68 (Reapproved Appendix A: Method 19, Section
Standard Test Method for Sulfur in
1985), 94, Standard Test Method for 12.5.2.1.3.
Petroleum Gas by Oxidative
Ignition Loss of Cured Reinforced (70) ASTM D4294–02, Standard Test
Microcoulometry, IBR approved for
Resins, IBR approved for Method for Sulfur in Petroleum and
§ 60.335(b)(10)(ii).
§ 60.685(c)(3)(i). Petroleum Products by Energy-
(44) ASTM D2597–94 (Reapproved (57) ASTM D3246–05, Standard Test Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence
1999), Standard Test Method for Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Gas by Spectrometry, IBR approved for
Analysis of Demethanized Hydrocarbon Oxidative Microcoulometry, IBR § 60.335(b)(10)(i).
Liquid Mixtures Containing Nitrogen approved for § 60.4415(a)(1)(ii). (71) ASTM D4294–03, Standard Test
and Carbon Dioxide by Gas (58) ASTM D3270–73T, 80, 91, 95, Method for Sulfur in Petroleum and
Chromatography, IBR approved for Standard Test Methods for Analysis for Petroleum Products by Energy-
§ 60.335(b)(9)(i). Fluoride Content of the Atmosphere and Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence
(45) ASTM D2622–87, 94, 98, Plant Tissues (Semiautomated Method), Spectrometry, IBR approved for
Standard Test Method for Sulfur in IBR approved for Appendix A: Method § 60.4415(a)(1)(i).
Petroleum Products by Wavelength 13A, Section 16.1. (72) ASTM D4442–84, 92, Standard
Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence (59) ASTM D3286–85, 96, Standard Test Methods for Direct Moisture
Spectrometry,’’ IBR approved for Test Method for Gross Calorific Value of Content Measurement in Wood and
§§ 60.106(j)(2) and 60.335(b)(10)(i). Coal and Coke by the Isoperibol Bomb Wood-base Materials, IBR approved for
(46) ASTM D2622–05, Standard Test Calorimeter, IBR approved for Appendix Appendix A: Method 28, Section 16.1.1.
Method for Sulfur in Petroleum A: Method 19, Section 12.5.2.1.3. (73) ASTM D4444–92, Standard Test
Products by Wavelength Dispersive X- (60) ASTM D3370–76, 95a, Standard Methods for Use and Calibration of
Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry,’’ IBR Practices for Sampling Water, IBR Hand-Held Moisture Meters, IBR
approved for § 60.4415(a)(1)(i). approved for § 60.564(j). approved for Appendix A: Method 28,
(47) ASTM D2879–83, 96, 97, Test (61) ASTM D3792–79, 91, Standard Section 16.1.1.
Method for Vapor Pressure-Temperature Test Method for Water Content of (74) ASTM D4457–85 (Reapproved
Relationship and Initial Decomposition Water-Reducible Paints by Direct 1991), Test Method for Determination of
Temperature of Liquids by Isoteniscope, Injection into a Gas Chromatograph, IBR Dichloromethane and 1, 1, 1-
IBR approved for §§ 60.111b(f)(3), approved for Appendix A: Method 24, Trichloroethane in Paints and Coatings
60.116b(e)(3)(ii), 60.116b(f)(2)(i), and Section 6.3. by Direct Injection into a Gas
60.485(e)(1). (62) ASTM D4017–81, 90, 96a, Chromatograph, IBR approved for
(48) ASTM D2880–78, 96, Standard Standard Test Method for Water in Appendix A: Method 24, Section 6.5.
Specification for Gas Turbine Fuel Oils, Paints and Paint Materials by the Karl (75) ASTM D4468–85 (Reapproved
IBR approved for §§ 60.111(b), Fischer Titration Method, IBR approved 2000), Standard Test Method for Total
60.111a(b), and 60.335(d). for Appendix A: Method 24, Section 6.4. Sulfur in Gaseous Fuels by
(49) ASTM D2908–74, 91, Standard (63) ASTM D4057–81, 95, Standard Hydrogenolysis and Rateometric
Practice for Measuring Volatile Organic Practice for Manual Sampling of Colorimetry, IBR approved for
Matter in Water by Aqueous-Injection Petroleum and Petroleum Products, IBR §§ 60.335(b)(10)(ii) and 60.4415(a)(1)(ii).
Gas Chromatography, IBR approved for approved for Appendix A: Method 19, (76) ASTM D4629–02, Standard Test
§ 60.564(j). Section 12.5.2.2.3. Method for Trace Nitrogen in Liquid
(50) ASTM D2986–71, 78, 95a, (64) ASTM D4057–95 (Reapproved Petroleum Hydrocarbons by Syringe/
Standard Method for Evaluation of Air, 2000), Standard Practice for Manual Inlet Oxidative Combustion and
Assay Media by the Monodisperse DOP Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Chemiluminescence Detection, IBR
approved for §§ 60.49b(e) and Natural Gas and Gaseous Fuels by Gas 60.41 Definitions.
60.335(b)(9)(i). Chromatography and Flame Photometric 60.42 Standard for particulate matter (PM).
(77) ASTM D4809–95, Standard Test Detection, IBR approved for §§ 60.4360 60.43 Standard for sulfur dioxide (SO2).
Method for Heat of Combustion of and 60.4415. 60.44 Standard for nitrogen oxides (NOX).
60.45 Emission and fuel monitoring.
Liquid Hydrocarbon Fuels by Bomb (89) ASTM D6348–03, Standard Test
60.46 Test methods and procedures.
Calorimeter (Precision Method), IBR Method for Determination of Gaseous
approved for §§ 60.18(f)(3), 60.485(g)(6), Compounds by Extractive Direct Subpart D—Standards of Performance
60.564(f)(3), 60.614(d)(4), 60.664(e)(4), Interface Fourier Transform Infrared for Fossil-Fuel-Fired Steam Generators
and 60.704(d)(4). (FTIR) Spectroscopy, IBR approved for for Which Construction Is Commenced
(78) ASTM D4810–88 (Reapproved table 7 of Subpart IIII of this part. After August 17, 1971
1999), Standard Test Method for (90) ASTM D6366–99, Standard Test
Hydrogen Sulfide in Natural Gas Using Method for Total Trace Nitrogen and Its § 60.40 Applicability and designation of
Length of Stain Detector Tubes, IBR Derivatives in Liquid Aromatic affected facility.
approved for §§ 60.4360 and Hydrocarbons by Oxidative Combustion (a) The affected facilities to which the
60.4415(a)(1)(ii). and Electrochemical Detection, IBR provisions of this subpart apply are:
(79) ASTM D5287–97 (Reapproved approved for § 60.335(b)(9)(i). (1) Each fossil-fuel-fired steam
2002), Standard Practice for Automatic (91) ASTM D6522–00, Standard Test generating unit of more than 73
Sampling of Gaseous Fuels, IBR Method for Determination of Nitrogen megawatts (MW) heat input rate (250
approved for § 60.4415(a)(1). Oxides, Carbon Monoxide, and Oxygen million British thermal units per hour
(80) ASTM D5403–93, Standard Test Concentrations in Emissions from (MMBtu/hr)).
Methods for Volatile Content of Natural Gas-Fired Reciprocating (2) Each fossil-fuel and wood-residue-
Radiation Curable Materials, IBR Engines, Combustion Turbines, Boilers, fired steam generating unit capable of
approved for Appendix A: Method 24, and Process Heaters Using Portable firing fossil fuel at a heat input rate of
Section 6.6. Analyzers, IBR approved for § 60.335(a). more than 73 MW (250 MMBtu/hr).
(81) ASTM D5453–00, Standard Test (92) ASTM D6667–01, Standard Test (b) Any change to an existing fossil-
Method for Determination of Total Method for Determination of Total fuel-fired steam generating unit to
Sulfur in Light Hydrocarbons, Motor Volatile Sulfur in Gaseous accommodate the use of combustible
Fuels and Oils by Ultraviolet Hydrocarbons and Liquefied Petroleum materials, other than fossil fuels as
Fluorescence, IBR approved for Gases by Ultraviolet Fluorescence, IBR defined in this subpart, shall not bring
§ 60.335(b)(10)(i). approved for § 60.335(b)(10)(ii). that unit under the applicability of this
(82) ASTM D5453–05, Standard Test (93) ASTM D6667–04, Standard Test subpart.
Method for Determination of Total Method for Determination of Total (c) Except as provided in paragraph
Sulfur in Light Hydrocarbons, Motor Volatile Sulfur in Gaseous (d) of this section, any facility under
Fuels and Oils by Ultraviolet Hydrocarbons and Liquefied Petroleum paragraph (a) of this section that
Fluorescence, IBR approved for Gases by Ultraviolet Fluorescence, IBR commenced construction or
§ 60.4415(a)(1)(i). approved for § 60.4415(a)(1)(ii). modification after August 17, 1971, is
(83) ASTM D5504–01, Standard Test (94) ASTM D6784–02, Standard Test subject to the requirements of this
Method for Determination of Sulfur Method for Elemental, Oxidized, subpart.
Compounds in Natural Gas and Gaseous Particle-Bound and Total Mercury in (d) The requirements of §§ 60.44
Fuels by Gas Chromatography and Flue Gas Generated from Coal-Fired (a)(4), (a)(5), (b) and (d), and
Chemiluminescence, IBR approved for Stationary Sources (Ontario Hydro 60.45(f)(4)(vi) are applicable to lignite-
§§ 60.334(h)(1) and 60.4360. Method), IBR approved for Appendix B fired steam generating units that
(84) ASTM D5762–02, Standard Test to part 60, Performance Specification commenced construction or
Method for Nitrogen in Petroleum and 12A, Section 8.6.2. modification after December 22, 1976.
Petroleum Products by Boat-Inlet (95) ASTM E168–67, 77, 92, General (e) Any facility covered under subpart
Chemiluminescence, IBR approved for Techniques of Infrared Quantitative Da is not covered under this subpart.
§ 60.335(b)(9)(i). Analysis, IBR approved for
(85) ASTM D5865–98, Standard Test § 60.41 Definitions.
§§ 60.593(b)(2) and 60.632(f).
Method for Gross Calorific Value of Coal (96) ASTM E169–63, 77, 93, General As used in this subpart, all terms not
and Coke, IBR approved for Techniques of Ultraviolet Quantitative defined herein shall have the meaning
§ 60.45(f)(5)(ii), 60.46(c)(2), and Analysis, IBR approved for given them in the Act, and in subpart A
Appendix A: Method 19, Section §§ 60.593(b)(2) and 60.632(f). of this part.
12.5.2.1.3. (97) ASTM E260–73, 91, 96, General Boiler operating day means a 24-hour
(86) ASTM D6216–98, Standard Gas Chromatography Procedures, IBR period between 12 midnight and the
Practice for Opacity Monitor approved for §§ 60.593(b)(2) and following midnight during which any
Manufacturers to Certify Conformance 60.632(f). fuel is combusted at any time in the
with Design and Performance steam-generating unit. It is not
* * * * *
Specifications, IBR approved for necessary for fuel to be combusted the
Appendix B, Performance Specification Subpart D—[Amended] entire 24-hour period.
1. Fossil-fuel fired steam generating unit
(87) ASTM D6228–98, Standard Test 3. Part 60 is amended by revising means a furnace or boiler used in the
Method for Determination of Sulfur subpart D to read as follows: process of burning fossil fuel for the
Compounds in Natural Gas and Gaseous Subpart D—Standards of Performance for purpose of producing steam by heat
Fuels by Gas Chromatography and Fossil-Fuel-Fired Steam Generators for transfer.

Flame Photometric Detection, IBR Which Construction is Commenced After Fossil fuel means natural gas,
approved for § 60.334(h)(1). August 17, 1971 petroleum, coal, and any form of solid,
(88) ASTM D6228–98 (Reapproved Sec. liquid, or gaseous fuel derived from
2003), Standard Test Method for 60.40 Applicability and designation of such materials for the purpose of
Determination of Sulfur Compounds in affected facility. creating useful heat.
Coal refuse means waste-products of opacity, except that a maximum of 39 requirements in § 60.43Da(i)(3) of
coal mining, cleaning, and coal percent opacity shall be permitted for subpart Da of this part.
preparation operations (e.g. culm, gob, not more than six minutes in any hour. (e) Units 1 and 2 (as defined in
etc.) containing coal, matrix material, appendix G of this part) at the Newton
clay, and other organic and inorganic § 60.43 Standard for sulfur dioxide (SO2).
Power Station owned or operated by the
material. (a) On and after the date on which the Central Illinois Public Service Company
Fossil fuel and wood residue-fired performance test required to be will be in compliance with paragraph
steam generating unit means a furnace conducted by § 60.8 is completed, no (a)(2) of this section if Unit 1 and Unit
or boiler used in the process of burning owner or operator subject to the 2 individually comply with paragraph
fossil fuel and wood residue for the provisions of this subpart shall cause to (a)(2) of this section or if the combined
purpose of producing steam by heat be discharged into the atmosphere from emission rate from Units 1 and 2 does
transfer. any affected facility any gases that not exceed 470 ng/J (1.1 lb/MMBtu)
Wood residue means bark, sawdust, contain SO2 in excess of: combined heat input to Units 1 and 2.
slabs, chips, shavings, mill trim, and (1) 340 ng/J heat input (0.80 lb/
other wood products derived from wood MMBtu) derived from liquid fossil fuel § 60.44 Standard for nitrogen oxides
processing and forest management or liquid fossil fuel and wood residue. (NOX).
operations. (2) 520 ng/J heat input (1.2 lb/MMBtu) (a) On and after the date on which the
Coal means all solid fuels classified as derived from solid fossil fuel or solid performance test required to be
anthracite, bituminous, subbituminous, fossil fuel and wood residue, except as conducted by § 60.8 is completed, no
or lignite by ASTM D388 (incorporated provided in paragraph (e) of this owner or operator subject to the
by reference, see § 60.17). section. provisions of this subpart shall cause to
(b) When different fossil fuels are be discharged into the atmosphere from
§ 60.42 Standard for particulate matter
burned simultaneously in any any affected facility any gases that
(PM).
combination, the applicable standard (in contain NOX, expressed as NO2 in
(a) On and after the date on which the ng/J) shall be determined by proration excess of:
performance test required to be using the following formula: (1) 86 ng/J heat input (0.20 lb/MMBtu)
conducted by § 60.8 is completed, no
derived from gaseous fossil fuel.
owner or operator subject to the
y (340) + z (520) (2) 129 ng/J heat input (0.30 lb/
provisions of this subpart shall cause to PSSO2 = MMBtu) derived from liquid fossil fuel,
be discharged into the atmosphere from (y + z) liquid fossil fuel and wood residue, or
any affected facility any gases that:
(1) Contain PM in excess of 43 Where:
gaseous fossil fuel and wood residue.
nanograms per joule (ng/J) heat input PSSO2 = Prorated standard for SO2 when
(3) 300 ng/J heat input (0.70 lb/
(0.10 lb/MMBtu) derived from fossil fuel burning different fuels simultaneously, MMBtu) derived from solid fossil fuel or
or fossil fuel and wood residue. in ng/J heat input derived from all fossil solid fossil fuel and wood residue
(2) Exhibit greater than 20 percent fuels; (except lignite or a solid fossil fuel
opacity except for one six-minute period y = Percentage of total heat input derived containing 25 percent, by weight, or
per hour of not more than 27 percent from liquid fossil; and more of coal refuse).
z = Percentage of total heat input derived (4) 260 ng/J heat input (0.60 lb
opacity.
from solid fossil fuel. MMBtu) derived from lignite or lignite
(b)(1) On or after December 28, 1979,
no owner or operator shall cause to be (c) Compliance shall be based on the and wood residue (except as provided
discharged into the atmosphere from the total heat input from all fossil fuels under paragraph (a)(5) of this section).
Southwestern Public Service Company’s burned, including gaseous fuels. (5) 340 ng/J heat input (0.80 lb
Harrington Station #1, in Amarillo, TX, (d) As an alternate to reporting excess MMBtu) derived from lignite which is
any gases which exhibit greater than 35 emissions every 3 contiguous one hour mined in North Dakota, South Dakota,
percent opacity, except that a maximum periods as required under paragraphs (a) or Montana and which is burned in a
of 42 percent opacity shall be permitted and (b) of this section, an owner or cyclone-fired unit.
for not more than 6 minutes in any operator can petition the Administrator (b) Except as provided under
hour. (in writing) to comply with paragraphs (c) and (d) of this section,
(2) Interstate Power Company shall § 60.43Da(i)(3) of subpart Da of this part. when different fossil fuels are burned
not cause to be discharged into the If the Administrator grants the petition, simultaneously in any combination, the
atmosphere from its Lansing Station the source will from then on (unless the applicable standard (in ng/J) is
Unit No. 4 in Lansing, IA, any gases unit is modified or reconstructed in the determined by proration using the
which exhibit greater than 32 percent future) have to comply with the following formula:
w (260) + x (86) + y (130) + z (300)

PSNOX =
(w + x + y + z)
Where: x = Percentage of total heat input derived refuse is burned in combination with
PSNOX = Prorated standard for NOX when from gaseous fossil fuel; gaseous, liquid, or other solid fossil fuel
burning different fuels simultaneously, y = Percentage of total heat input derived or wood residue, the standard for NOX
EP09FE07.001</GPH>
in ng/J heat input derived from all fossil from liquid fossil fuel; and does not apply.
fuels fired or from all fossil fuels and z = Percentage of total heat input derived
from solid fossil fuel (except lignite). (d) Cyclone-fired units which burn
wood residue fired; fuels containing at least 25 percent of
w = Percentage of total heat input derived
(c) When a fossil fuel containing at lignite that is mined in North Dakota,
from lignite;
EP09FE07.000</MATH>
least 25 percent, by weight, of coal South Dakota, or Montana remain
subject to paragraph (a)(5) of this section fuel and that does not use post (b)(1) and (b)(3) or paragraphs (b)(2) and
regardless of the types of fuel combustion technology to reduce (b)(3) of this section a CEMS for
combusted in combination with that emissions of SO2 or PM, CEMS for measuring either O2 or CO2 is not
lignite. measuring the opacity of emissions and required.
(e) As an alternate to reporting excess SO2 emissions are not required. (5) An owner or operator may petition
emissions every 3 contiguous one hour (2) For a fossil fuel-fired steam the Administrator (in writing) to install
periods as required under paragraphs (a) generator that does not use a flue gas a PM CEMS as an alternative to the
and (b) of this section, an owner or desulfurization device, a CEMS for CEMS for monitoring opacity emissions.
operator can petition the Administrator measuring SO2 emissions is not required
(in writing) to comply with (c) For performance evaluations under
if the owner or operator monitors SO2 § 60.13(c) and calibration checks under
§ 60.44Da(e)(3) of subpart Da of this emissions by fuel sampling and
part. If the Administrator grants the § 60.13(d), the following procedures
analysis. shall be used:
petition, the source will from then on (3) Notwithstanding § 60.13(b),
(unless the unit is modified or installation of a CEMS for NOX may be (1) Methods 6, 7, and 3B of appendix
reconstructed in the future) have to delayed until after the initial A of this part, as applicable, shall be
comply with the requirements in performance tests under § 60.8 have used for the performance evaluations of
§ 60.44Da(e)(3) of subpart Da of this been conducted. If the owner or SO2 and NOX continuous monitoring
part. operator demonstrates during the systems. Acceptable alternative methods
performance test that emissions of NOX for Methods 6, 7, and 3B of appendix A
§ 60.45 Emission and fuel monitoring.
are less than 70 percent of the of this part are given in § 60.46(d).
(a) Each owner or operator shall
install, calibrate, maintain, and operate applicable standards in § 60.44, a CEMS (2) Sulfur dioxide or nitric oxide, as
continuous emissions monitoring for measuring NOX emissions is not applicable, shall be used for preparing
systems (CEMS) for measuring the required. If the initial performance test calibration gas mixtures under
opacity of emissions, SO2 emissions, results show that NOX emissions are Performance Specification 2 of
NOX emissions, and either oxygen (O2) greater than 70 percent of the applicable appendix B to this part.
or carbon dioxide (CO2) except as standard, the owner or operator shall (3) For affected facilities burning
provided in paragraph (b) of this install a CEMS for NOX within one year fossil fuel(s), the span value for a
section. after the date of the initial performance continuous monitoring system
(b) Certain of the CEMS requirements tests under § 60.8 and comply with all measuring the opacity of emissions shall
under paragraph (a) of this section do other applicable monitoring be 80, 90, or 100 percent and for a
not apply to owners or operators under requirements under this part. continuous monitoring system
the following conditions: (4) If an owner or operator does not measuring sulfur oxides or NOX the
(1) For a fossil fuel-fired steam install any CEMS for sulfur oxides and span value shall be determined as
generator that burns only gaseous fossil NOX, as provided under paragraphs follows:
[In parts per million]
Fossil fuel Span value for SO2 Span value for NOX
Gas .................................................................................................................................................. (1)............................... 500

Liquid ............................................................................................................................................... 1,000 ......................... 500
Solid ................................................................................................................................................. 1,500 ......................... 1,000
Combinations ................................................................................................................................... 1,000y + 1,000z ........ 500 (x + y) + 1,000z
1 Not applicable.
Where: monitoring data into units of the concentration shall each be on a

x = Fraction of total heat input derived from applicable standards (ng/J, lb/MMBtu): consistent basis (wet or dry) and the
gaseous fossil fuel; (1) When a CEMS for measuring O2 is following conversion procedure shall be
y = Fraction of total heat input derived from selected, the measurement of the used:
liquid fossil fuel; and
pollutant concentration and O2
z = Fraction of total heat input derived from
solid fossil fuel. concentration shall each be on a  100 
consistent basis (wet or dry). Alternative E = CFc  
(4) All span values computed under procedures approved by the  %CO 2 
paragraph (c)(3) of this section for Administrator shall be used when
burning combinations of fossil fuels measurements are on a wet basis. When Where E, C, Fc and %CO2 are
shall be rounded to the nearest 500 measurements are on a dry basis, the determined under paragraph (f) of this
ppm. following conversion procedure shall be section.
(5) For a fossil fuel-fired steam used: (f) The values used in the equations
generator that simultaneously burns under paragraphs (e) (1) and (2) of this
fossil fuel and nonfossil fuel, the span   section are derived as follows:
20.9 (1) E = pollutant emissions, ng/J (lb/
value of all CEMS shall be subject to the E = CF  
Administrator’s approval.  ( 20.9 − %O 2 )  MMBtu).
EP09FE07.003</MATH>
(2) C = pollutant concentration, ng/

(d) [Reserved] Where E, C, F, and %O2 are determined dscm (lb/dscf), determined by
(e) For any CEMS installed under under paragraph (f) of this section. multiplying the average concentration
paragraph (a) of this section, the (2) When a CEMS for measuring CO2 (ppm) for each one-hour period by 4.15
following conversion procedures shall is selected, the measurement of the × 104 M ng/dscm per ppm (2.59 × 10¥9
EP09FE07.002</MATH>
be used to convert the continuous pollutant concentration and CO2 M lb/dscf per ppm) where M = pollutant
molecular weight, g/g-mole (lb/lb-mole). to ASTM D388 (incorporated by 10¥7 scm CO2/J (1,840 scf CO2/MMBtu).
M = 64.07 for SO2 and 46.01 for NOX. reference, see § 60.17), F = 2.637 × 10¥7 For wood residue other than bark F =
(3) %O2, %CO2 = O2 or CO2 volume dscm/J (9,820 dscf/MMBtu) and Fc = 2.492 × 10¥7 dscm/J (9,280 dscf/
(expressed as percent), determined with 0.486 × 10¥7 scm CO2/J (1,810 scf CO2/ MMBtu) and Fc = 0.494 × 10¥7 scm
equipment specified under paragraph MMBtu). CO2/J (1,860 scf CO2/MMBtu).
(a) of this section. (iii) For liquid fossil fuels including
(4) F, Fc = a factor representing a ratio (vi) For lignite coal as classified
crude, residual, and distillate oils, F = according to ASTM D388 (incorporated
of the volume of dry flue gases 2.476 × 10¥7 dscm/J (9,220 dscf/
generated to the calorific value of the by reference, see § 60.17), F = 2.659 ×
MMBtu) and Fc = 0.384 × 10¥7 scm 10¥7 dscm/J (9,900 dscf/MMBtu) and Fc
fuel combusted (F), and a factor CO2/J (1,430 scf CO2/MMBtu).
representing a ratio of the volume of = 0.516× 10¥7 scm CO2/J (1,920 scf CO2/
CO2 generated to the calorific value of (iv) For gaseous fossil fuels, F = 2.347 MMBtu).
the fuel combusted (Fc), respectively. × 10¥7 dscm/J (8,740 dscf/MMBtu). For
natural gas, propane, and butane fuels, (5) The owner or operator may use the
Values of F and Fc are given as follows: following equation to determine an F
(i) For anthracite coal as classified Fc = 0.279 × 10¥7 scm CO2/J (1,040 scf
CO2/MMBtu) for natural gas, 0.322 × factor (dscm/J or dscf/MMBtu) on a dry
according to ASTM D388 (incorporated
10¥7 scm CO2/J (1,200 scf CO2/MMBtu) basis (if it is desired to calculate F on
by reference, see § 60.17), F = 2,723 ×
for propane, and 0.338 × M 10¥7 scm a wet basis, consult the Administrator)
10¥17 dscm/J (10,140 dscf/MMBtu and
Fc = 0.532 × 10¥17 scm CO2/J (1,980 scf CO2/J (1,260 scf CO2/MMBtu) for or Fc factor (scm CO2/J, or scf CO2/
CO2/MMBtu). butane. MMBtu) on either basis in lieu of the F
(ii) For subbituminous and (v) For bark F = 2.589 × 10¥7 dscm/ or Fc factors specified in paragraph (f)(4)
bituminous coal as classified according J (9,640 dscf/MMBtu) and Fc = 0.500 × of this section:
F = 10−6
[ 227.2 (%H) + 95.5 (%C) + 35.6 (%S) + 8.7 (% N) − 28.7 (%O)]
GCV
2.0 × 10−5 (%C)

FC =
GCV (SI units)
F = 10−6
[3.64 (%H) + 1.53 (%C) + 0.57 (%S) + 0.14 (% N) − 0.46 (%O)]
GCV (English units)
20.0 (%C) F or Fc value shall be subject to the period. Each excess emission and MSP
FC = Administrator’s approval. report shall include the information
GCV (SI units) (6) For affected facilities firing required in § 60.7(c). Periods of excess
combinations of fossil fuels or fossil emissions and monitoring systems (MS)
fuels and wood residue, the F or Fc downtime that shall be reported are
321 × 103 (%C) factors determined by paragraphs (f)(4) defined as follows:
EP09FE07.009</MATH>
FC = or (f)(5) of this section shall be prorated (1) Opacity. Excess emissions are
GCV (English units) in accordance with the applicable defined as any six-minute period during
formula as follows: which the average opacity of emissions
(i) %H, %C, %S, %N, and %O are
exceeds 20 percent opacity, except that
content by weight of hydrogen, carbon, n n
one six-minute average per hour of up
EP09FE07.008</GPH>
sulfur, nitrogen, and O2 (expressed as F = ∑ X i Fi or Fc = ∑ X i (Fc )i to 27 percent opacity need not be
percent), respectively, as determined on i =1 i =1
reported.
the same basis as GCV by ultimate Where:
analysis of the fuel fired, using ASTM (i) For sources subject to the opacity
Xi = Fraction of total heat input derived from standard of § 60.42(b)(1), excess EP09FE07.007</GPH>
D3178 or D3176 (solid fuels), or each type of fuel (e.g. natural gas,
computed from results using ASTM bituminous coal, wood residue, etc.);
emissions are defined as any six-minute
Fi or(Fc)i = Applicable F or Fc factor for each period during which the average opacity
D1137, D1945, or D1946 (gaseous fuels)
fuel type determined in accordance with of emissions exceeds 35 percent opacity,
as applicable. (These five methods are
paragraphs (f)(4) and (f)(5) of this except that one six-minute average per
incorporated by reference, see § 60.17.)
hour of up to 42 percent opacity need
EP09FE07.006</GPH>
section; and
(ii) GVC is the gross calorific value n = Number of fuels being burned in not be reported.
(kJ/kg, Btu/lb) of the fuel combusted combination.
(ii) For sources subject to the opacity
determined by the ASTM test methods
(g) Excess emission and monitoring standard of § 60.42(b)(2), excess
D2015 or D5865 for solid fuels and
system performance reports shall be emissions are defined as any six-minute

EP09FE07.005</GPH>
D1826 for gaseous fuels as applicable. submitted to the Administrator period during which the average opacity
(These two methods are incorporated by semiannually for each six-month period of emissions exceeds 32 percent opacity,
reference, see § 60.17.) in the calendar year. All semiannual except that one six-minute average per
(iii) For affected facilities which fire reports shall be postmarked by the 30th hour of up to 39 percent opacity need
both fossil fuels and nonfossil fuels, the day following the end of each six-month not be reported.
EP09FE07.004</GPH>
(2) Sulfur dioxide. Excess emissions SO2, and NOX standards in §§ 60.42, (ii) The emission rate correction
for affected facilities are defined as: 60.43, and 60.44 as follows: factor, integrated sampling and analysis
(i) Any three-hour period during (1) The emission rate (E) of PM, SO2, procedure of Method 3B of appendix A
which the average emissions (arithmetic or NOX shall be computed for each run of this part shall be used to determine
average of three contiguous one-hour using the following equation: the O2 concentration (%O2). The O2
periods) of SO2 as measured by a CEMS sample shall be taken simultaneously
exceed the applicable standard under  20.9  with, and at the same point as, the SO2
§ 60.43, or E = CFd   sample. The SO2 emission rate shall be
(ii) Any 30 operating day period  (20.9 − %O 2 )  computed for each pair of SO2 and O2
during which the average emissions samples. The SO2 emission rate (E) for
E = Emission rate of pollutant, ng/J (lb/
(arithmetic average of all one-hour million Btu); each run shall be the arithmetic mean of
periods during the 30 operating days) of C = Concentration of pollutant, ng/dscm (lb/ the results of the two pairs of samples.
SO2 as measured by a CEMS exceed the dscf); (5) Method 7 of appendix A of this
applicable standard under § 60.43. %O2 = O2 concentration, percent dry basis; part shall be used to determine the NOX
Facilities complying with the 30-day and concentration.
SO2 standard shall use the most current Fd = Factor as determined from Method 19 (i) The sampling site and location
of appendix A of this part. shall be the same as for the SO2 sample.
associated SO2 compliance and
monitoring requirements in §§ 60.48Da (2) Method 5 of appendix A of this Each run shall consist of four grab
and 60.49Da of subpart Da of this part. part shall be used to determine the PM samples, with each sample taken at
(3) Nitrogen oxides. Excess emissions concentration (C) at affected facilities about 15-minute intervals.
for affected facilities using a CEMS for without wet flue-gas-desulfurization (ii) For each NOX sample, the
measuring NOX are defined as: (FGD) systems and Method 5B of emission rate correction factor, grab
(i) Any three-hour period during appendix A of this part shall be used to sampling and analysis procedure of
which the average emissions (arithmetic determine the PM concentration (C) Method 3B of appendix A of this part
average of three contiguous one-hour after FGD systems. shall be used to determine the O2
periods) exceed the applicable (i) The sampling time and sample concentration (%O2). The sample shall
standards under § 60.44, or volume for each run shall be at least 60 be taken simultaneously with, and at the
minutes and 0.85 dscm (30 dscf). The same point as, the NOX sample.
(ii) Any 30 operating day period (iii) The NOX emission rate shall be
probe and filter holder heating systems
during which the average emissions computed for each pair of NOX and O2
in the sampling train shall be set to
(arithmetic average of all one-hour samples. The NOX emission rate (E) for
provide an average gas temperature of
periods during the 30 operating days) of
160 ± 14 °C (320 ± 25 °F). each run shall be the arithmetic mean of
NOX as measured by a CEMS exceed the (ii) The emission rate correction the results of the four pairs of samples.
applicable standard under § 60.43. factor, integrated or grab sampling and (c) When combinations of fossil fuels
Facilities complying with the 30-day analysis procedure of Method 3B of or fossil fuel and wood residue are fired,
NOX standard shall use the most current appendix A of this part shall be used to the owner or operator (in order to
associated NOX compliance and determine the O2 concentration (%O2). compute the prorated standard as
monitoring requirements in §§ 60.48Da The O2 sample shall be obtained shown in §§ 60.43(b) and 60.44(b)) shall
and 60.49Da of subpart Da of this part. simultaneously with, and at the same determine the percentage (w, x, y, or z)
(4) Particulate matter. Excess traverse points as, the particulate of the total heat input derived from each
emissions for affected facilities using a sample. If the grab sampling procedure type of fuel as follows:
CEMS for measuring PM are defined as is used, the O2 concentration for the run (1) The heat input rate of each fuel
any boiler operating day period during shall be the arithmetic mean of the shall be determined by multiplying the
which the average emissions (arithmetic sample O2 concentrations at all traverse gross calorific value of each fuel fired by
average of all operating one-hour points. the rate of each fuel burned.
periods) exceed the applicable (iii) If the particulate run has more (2) ASTM Methods D2015, or D5865
standards under § 60.43. Affected than 12 traverse points, the O2 traverse (solid fuels), D240 (liquid fuels), or
facilities using PM CEMS in lieu of a points may be reduced to 12 provided D1826 (gaseous fuels) (all of these
CEMS for monitoring opacity emissions that Method 1 of appendix A of this part methods are incorporated by reference,
must follow the most current applicable is used to locate the 12 O2 traverse see § 60.17) shall be used to determine
compliance and monitoring provisions points. the gross calorific values of the fuels.
in §§ 60.48Da and 60.49Da of subpart Da (3) Method 9 of appendix A of this The method used to determine the
of this part. part and the procedures in § 60.11 shall calorific value of wood residue must be
be used to determine opacity. approved by the Administrator.
§ 60.46 Test methods and procedures. (4) Method 6 of appendix A of this (3) Suitable methods shall be used to
(a) In conducting the performance part shall be used to determine the SO2 determine the rate of each fuel burned
tests required in § 60.8, and subsequent concentration. during each test period, and a material
performance tests as requested by the (i) The sampling site shall be the same balance over the steam generating
EPA Administrator, the owner or as that selected for the particulate system shall be used to confirm the rate.
operator shall use as reference methods sample. The sampling location in the (d) The owner or operator may use the
and procedures the test methods in duct shall be at the centroid of the cross following as alternatives to the reference
appendix A of this part or other section or at a point no closer to the methods and procedures in this section
methods and procedures as specified in walls than 1 m (3.28 ft). The sampling or in other sections as specified:
this section, except as provided in time and sample volume for each (1) The emission rate (E) of PM, SO2
§ 60.8(b). Acceptable alternative sample run shall be at least 20 minutes and NOX may be determined by using
methods and procedures are given in and 0.020 dscm (0.71 dscf). Two the Fc factor, provided that the
paragraph (d) of this section. samples shall be taken during a 1-hour following procedure is used:
(b) The owner or operator shall period, with each sample taken within (i) The emission rate (E) shall be
EP09FE07.010</MATH>
determine compliance with the PM, a 30-minute interval. computed using the following equation:
may be used with Method 17 of 60.51Da Reporting requirements.

 100 
E = CFc   appendix A of this part only if it is used 60.52Da Recordkeeping requirements.
 %CO 2  after wet FGD systems. Method 17 of
Subpart Da—Standards of
appendix A of this part shall not be
Where: used after wet FGD systems if the Performance for Electric Utility Steam
E = Emission rate of pollutant, ng/J (lb/ effluent gas is saturated or laden with Generating Units for Which
MMBtu); water droplets. Construction Is Commenced After
C = Concentration of pollutant, ng/dscm (lb/ (3) Particulate matter and SO2 may be September 18, 1978
dscf); determined simultaneously with the
%CO2 = CO2 concentration, percent dry § 60.40Da Applicability and designation of
basis; and
Method 5 of appendix A of this part affected facility.
Fc = Factor as determined in appropriate train provided that the following (a) The affected facility to which this
sections of Method 19 of appendix A of changes are made: subpart applies is each electric utility
this part. (i) The filter and impinger apparatus steam-generating unit:
(ii) If and only if the average Fc factor in sections 2.1.5 and 2.1.6 of Method 8 (1) That is capable of combusting
in Method 19 of appendix A of this part of appendix A of this part is used in more than 73 megawatts (MW) (250
is used to calculate E and either E is place of the condenser (section 2.1.7) of million British thermal units per hour
from 0.97 to 1.00 of the emission Method 5 of appendix A of this part. (MMBtu/hr)) heat input of fossil fuel
standard or the relative accuracy of a (ii) All applicable procedures in (either alone or in combination with any
continuous emission monitoring system Method 8 of appendix A of this part for other fuel); and
is from 17 to 20 percent, then three runs the determination of SO2 (including (2) For which construction,
of Method 3B of appendix A of this part moisture) are used: modification, or reconstruction is
shall be used to determine the O2 and (4) For Method 6 of appendix A of commenced after September 18, 1978.
CO2 concentration according to the this part, Method 6C of appendix A of (b) Combined cycle gas turbines (both
procedures in paragraph (b) (2)(ii), this part may be used. Method 6A of the stationary combustion turbine and
(4)(ii), or (5)(ii) of this section. Then if appendix A of this part may also be any associated duct burners) are subject
Fo (average of three runs), as calculated used whenever Methods 6 and 3B of to this part and not subject to subpart
from the equation in Method 3B of appendix A of this part data are GG or KKKK of this part if:
appendix A of this part, is more than ±3 specified to determine the SO2 emission (1) The combined cycle gas turbine is
percent than the average Fo value, as rate, under the conditions in paragraph capable of combusting more than 73
determined from the average values of (d)(1) of this section. MW (250 MMBtu/hr) heat input of fossil
Fd and Fc in Method 19 of appendix A (5) For Method 7 of appendix A of fuel (either alone or in combination
of this part, i.e., Foa = 0.209 (Fda / Fca), this part, Method 7A, 7C, 7D, or 7E of with any other fuel); and
then the following procedure shall be appendix A of this part may be used. If (2) The combined cycle gas turbine is
followed: Method 7C, 7D, or 7E of appendix A of designed and intended to burn fuels
(A) When Fo is less than 0.97 Foa, then this part is used, the sampling time for containing 50 percent (by heat input) or
E shall be increased by that proportion each run shall be at least 1 hour and the more solid-derived fuel not meeting the
under 0.97 Foa, e.g., if Fo is 0.95 Foa, E integrated sampling approach shall be definition of natural gas on a 12-month
shall be increased by 2 percent. This used to determine the O2 concentration rolling average basis; and
recalculated value shall be used to (%O2) for the emission rate correction (3) The combined cycle gas turbine
determine compliance with the factor. commenced construction, modification,
emission standard. (6) For Method 3 of appendix A of or reconstruction after February 28,
(B) When Fo is less than 0.97 Foa and this part, Method 3A or 3B of appendix 2005.
when the average difference (d) between A of this part may be used. (4) This subpart will continue to
the continuous monitor minus the (7) For Method 3B of appendix A of apply to all other electric utility
reference methods is negative, then E this part, Method 3A of appendix A of combined cycle gas turbines that are
shall be increased by that proportion this part may be used. capable of combusting more than 73
under 0.97 Foa, e.g., if Fo is 0.95 Foa, E MW (250 MMBtu/hr) heat input of fossil
Subpart Da—[Amended] fuel in the heat recovery steam
shall be increased by 2 percent. This
recalculated value shall be used to 4. Subpart Da is revised as follows: generator. If the heat recovery steam
determine compliance with the relative generator is subject to this subpart and
Subpart Da—Standards of Performance for
accuracy specification. the stationary combustion turbine is
Electric Utility Steam Generating Units for
(C) When Fo is greater than 1.03 Foa Which Construction Is Commenced After subject to either subpart GG or KKKK of
and when the average difference d is September 18, 1978 this part, only emissions resulting from
positive, then E shall be decreased by combustion of fuels in the steam-
Sec.
that proportion over 1.03 Foa, e.g., if Fo 60.40Da Applicability and designation of generating unit are subject to this
is 1.05 Foa, E shall be decreased by 2 affected facility. subpart. (The stationary combustion
percent. This recalculated value shall be 60.41Da Definitions. turbine emissions are subject to subpart
used to determine compliance with the 60.42Da Standard for particulate matter GG or KKKK, as applicable, of this part).
relative accuracy specification. (PM). (c) Any change to an existing fossil-
(2) For Method 5 or 5B of appendix 60.43Da Standard for sulfur dioxide (SO2). fuel-fired steam generating unit to
A of this part, Method 17 of appendix 60.44Da Standard for nitrogen oxides accommodate the use of combustible
A of this part may be used at facilities (NOX). materials, other than fossil fuels, shall
60.45Da Standard for mercury (Hg).
with or without wet FGD systems if the not bring that unit under the
60.46Da [Reserved]
stack gas temperature at the sampling 60.47Da Commercial demonstration permit. applicability of this subpart.
location does not exceed an average 60.48Da Compliance provisions. (d) Any change to an existing steam
temperature of 160 °C (320 °F). The 60.49Da Emission monitoring. generating unit originally designed to
procedures of sections 2.1 and 2.3 of 60.50Da Compliance determination fire gaseous or liquid fossil fuels, to
EP09FE07.011</MATH>
Method 5B of appendix A of this part procedures and methods. accommodate the use of any other fuel
(fossil or nonfossil) shall not bring that oil mixtures, and coal-water mixtures determining the electrical energy output
unit under the applicability of this are included in this definition for the capacity of the affected facility.
subpart. purposes of this subpart. Electric utility company means the
Coal-fired electric utility steam largest interconnected organization,
§ 60.41Da Definitions. business, or governmental entity that
generating unit means an electric utility
As used in this subpart, all terms not steam generating unit that burns coal, generates electric power for sale (e.g., a
defined herein shall have the meaning coal refuse, or a synthetic gas derived holding company with operating
given them in the Act and in subpart A from coal either exclusively, in any subsidiary companies).
of this part. combination together, or in any Electric utility steam-generating unit
Anthracite means coal that is combination with other fuels in any means any steam electric generating
classified as anthracite according to the amount. unit that is constructed for the purpose
American Society of Testing and Coal refuse means waste products of of supplying more than one-third of its
Materials in ASTM D388 (incorporated coal mining, physical coal cleaning, and potential electric output capacity and
by reference, see § 60.17). coal preparation operations (e.g. culm, more than 219,000 MWh net-electrical
Available purchase power means the gob, etc.) containing coal, matrix output to any utility power distribution
lesser of the following: material, clay, and other organic and system for sale. Also, any steam
(a) The sum of available system supplied to a steam distribution system
inorganic material.
capacity in all neighboring companies. for the purpose of providing steam to a
(b) The sum of the rated capacities of Cogeneration, also known as
‘‘combined heat and power,’’ means a steam-electric generator that would
the power interconnection devices produce electrical energy for sale is
between the principal company and all steam-generating unit that
simultaneously produces both electric considered in determining the electrical
neighboring companies, minus the sum energy output capacity of the affected
of the electric power load on these (or mechanical) and useful thermal
energy from the same primary energy facility.
interconnections. Electrostatic precipitator or ESP
(c) The rated capacity of the power source.
Combined cycle gas turbine means a means an add-on air pollution control
transmission lines between the power device used to capture particulate
interconnection devices and the electric stationary turbine combustion system
where heat from the turbine exhaust matter (PM) by charging the particles
generating units (the unit in the using an electrostatic field, collecting
principal company that has the gases is recovered by a steam generating
unit. the particles using a grounded collecting
malfunctioning flue gas desulfurization surface, and transporting the particles
system and the unit(s) in the Dry flue gas desulfurization
technology or dry FGD means a sulfur into a hopper.
neighboring company supplying Emergency condition means that
replacement electrical power) less the dioxide control system that is located
period of time when:
electric power load on these downstream of the steam generating
(1) The electric generation output of
transmission lines. unit and removes sulfur oxides (SO2)
an affected facility with a
Available system capacity means the from the combustion gases of the steam malfunctioning flue gas desulfurization
capacity determined by subtracting the generating unit by contacting the system cannot be reduced or electrical
system load and the system emergency combustion gases with an alkaline output must be increased because:
reserves from the net system capacity. slurry or solution and forming a dry (i) All available system capacity in the
Biomass means plant materials and powder material. This definition principal company interconnected with
animal waste. includes devices where the dry powder the affected facility is being operated,
Bituminous coal means coal that is material is subsequently converted to and
classified as bituminous according to another form. Alkaline slurries or (ii) All available purchase power
the American Society of Testing and solutions used in dry FGD technology interconnected with the affected facility
Materials in ASTM D388 (incorporated include, but are not limited to, lime and is being obtained, or
by reference, see § 60.17). sodium. (2) The electric generation demand is
Boiler operating day for units Duct burner means a device that being shifted as quickly as possible from
constructed, reconstructed, or modified combusts fuel and that is placed in the an affected facility with a
on or before February 28, 2005, means exhaust duct from another source, such malfunctioning flue gas desulfurization
a 24-hour period during which fossil as a stationary gas turbine, internal system to one or more electrical
fuel is combusted in a steam-generating combustion engine, kiln, etc., to allow generating units held in reserve by the
unit for the entire 24 hours. For units the firing of additional fuel to heat the principal company or by a neighboring
constructed, reconstructed, or modified exhaust gases before the exhaust gases company, or
after February 28, 2005, boiler operating enter a heat recovery steam generating (3) An affected facility with a
day means a 24-hour period between 12 unit. malfunctioning flue gas desulfurization
midnight and the following midnight Electric utility combined cycle gas system becomes the only available unit
during which any fuel is combusted at turbine means any combined cycle gas to maintain a part or all of the principal
any time in the steam-generating unit. It turbine used for electric generation that company’s system emergency reserves
is not necessary for fuel to be combusted is constructed for the purpose of and the unit is operated in spinning
the entire 24-hour period. supplying more than one-third of its reserve at the lowest practical electric
Coal means all solid fuels classified as potential electric output capacity and generation load consistent with not
anthracite, bituminous, subbituminous, more than 219,000 megawatt hour causing significant physical damage to
or lignite by the American Society of (MWh) net electrical output to any the unit. If the unit is operated at a
Testing and Materials in ASTM D388 utility power distribution system for higher load to meet load demand, an
(incorporated by reference, see § 60.17) sale. Any steam distribution system that emergency condition would not exist
and coal refuse. Synthetic fuels derived is constructed for the purpose of unless the conditions under paragraph
from coal for the purpose of creating providing steam to a steam electric (1) of this definition apply.
useful heat, including but not limited to generator that would produce electrical Emission limitation means any
solvent-refined coal, gasified coal, coal- power for sale is also considered in emissions limit or operating limit.
Emission rate period means any (2) Liquid petroleum gas, as defined (i) 290 ng/J (0.67 lb/MMBtu) heat
calendar month included in a 12-month by the American Society of Testing and input for gaseous fuels;
rolling average period. Materials in ASTM D1835 (incorporated (ii) 310 ng/J (0.72 lb/MMBtu) heat
Federally enforceable means all by reference, see § 60.17); or input for liquid fuels; and
limitations and conditions that are (3) A mixture of hydrocarbons that (iii) 990 ng/J (2.30 lb/MMBtu) heat
enforceable by the Administrator, maintains a gaseous state at ISO input for solid fuels.
including the requirements of 40 CFR conditions. Additionally, natural gas Potential electrical output capacity
parts 60 and 61, requirements within must either be composed of at least 70 means 33 percent of the maximum
any applicable State implementation percent methane by volume or have a design heat input capacity of the steam
plan, and any permit requirements gross calorific value between 34 and 43 generating unit, divided by 3,413 Btu/
established under 40 CFR 52.21 or megajoules (MJ) per standard cubic KWh, divided by 1,000 kWh/MWh, and
under 40 CFR 51.18 and 51.24. meter (910 and 1,150 Btu per standard multiplied by 8,760 hr/yr (e.g., a steam
Fossil fuel means natural gas, cubic foot). generating unit with a 100 MW (340
petroleum, coal, and any form of solid, Neighboring company means any one MMBtu/hr) fossil-fuel heat input
liquid, or gaseous fuel derived from of those electric utility companies with capacity would have a 289,080 MWh 12
such material for the purpose of creating one or more electric power month potential electrical output
useful heat. interconnections to the principal capacity). For electric utility combined
Gaseous fuel means any fuel derived company and which have cycle gas turbines the potential
from coal or petroleum that is present as geographically adjoining service areas. electrical output capacity is determined
a gas at standard conditions and Net-electric output means the gross on the basis of the fossil-fuel firing
includes, but is not limited to, refinery electric sales to the utility power capacity of the steam generator
fuel gas, process gas, coke-oven gas, distribution system minus purchased exclusive of the heat input and
synthetic gas, and gasified coal. power on a calendar year basis. electrical power contribution by the gas
Gross output means the gross useful Net system capacity means the sum of turbine.
work performed by the steam generated. the net electric generating capability Principal company means the electric
For units generating only electricity, the (not necessarily equal to rated capacity) utility company or companies which
gross useful work performed is the gross of all electric generating equipment own the affected facility.
Resource recovery unit means a
electrical output from the turbine/ owned by an electric utility company
facility that combusts more than 75
generator set. For cogeneration units, (including steam generating units,
percent non-fossil fuel on a quarterly
the gross useful work performed is the internal combustion engines, gas
(calendar) heat input basis.
gross electrical or mechanical output turbines, nuclear units, hydroelectric Responsible official means
plus 75 percent of the useful thermal units, and all other electric generating responsible official as defined in 40 CFR
output measured relative to ISO equipment) plus firm contractual 70.2.
conditions that is not used to generate purchases that are interconnected to the Solid-derived fuel means any solid,
additional electrical or mechanical affected facility that has the liquid, or gaseous fuel derived from
output (i.e., steam delivered to an malfunctioning flue gas desulfurization solid fuel for the purpose of creating
industrial process). system. The electric generating useful heat and includes, but is not
24-hour period means the period of capability of equipment under multiple limited to, solvent refined coal, liquified
time between 12:01 a.m. and 12 ownership is prorated based on coal, synthetic gas, gasified coal,
midnight. ownership unless the proportional gasified petroleum coke, gasified
Integrated gasification combined entitlement to electric output is biomass, and gasified tire derived fuel.
cycle electric utility steam generating otherwise established by contractual Spare flue gas desulfurization system
unit or IGCC means a coal-fired electric arrangement. module means a separate system of SO2
utility steam generating unit that burns Noncontinental area means the State emission control equipment capable of
a synthetic gas derived from coal in a of Hawaii, the Virgin Islands, Guam, treating an amount of flue gas equal to
combined-cycle gas turbine. No coal is American Samoa, the Commonwealth of the total amount of flue gas generated by
directly burned in the unit during Puerto Rico, or the Northern Mariana an affected facility when operated at
operation. Islands. maximum capacity divided by the total
Interconnected means that two or Petroleum means crude oil or number of nonspare flue gas
more electric generating units are petroleum or a fuel derived from crude desulfurization modules in the system.
electrically tied together by a network of oil or petroleum, including, but not Spinning reserve means the sum of
power transmission lines, and other limited to, distillate oil, residual oil, and the unutilized net generating capability
power transmission equipment. petroleum coke. of all units of the electric utility
ISO conditions means a temperature Potential combustion concentration company that are synchronized to the
of 288 Kelvin, a relative humidity of 60 means the theoretical emissions power distribution system and that are
percent, and a pressure of 101.3 (nanograms per joule (ng/J), lb/MMBtu capable of immediately accepting
kilopascals. heat input) that would result from additional load. The electric generating
Lignite means coal that is classified as combustion of a fuel in an uncleaned capability of equipment under multiple
lignite A or B according to the American state without emission control systems) ownership is prorated based on
Society of Testing and Materials in and: ownership unless the proportional
ASTM D388 (incorporated by reference, (1) For particulate matter (PM) is: entitlement to electric output is
see § 60.17). (i) 3,000 ng/J (7.0 lb/MMBtu) heat otherwise established by contractual
Natural gas means: input for solid fuel; and arrangement.

(1) A naturally occurring mixture of (ii) 73 ng/J (0.17 lb/MMBtu) heat Steam generating unit means any
hydrocarbon and nonhydrocarbon gases input for liquid fuels. furnace, boiler, or other device used for
found in geologic formations beneath (2) For sulfur dioxide (SO2) is combusting fuel for the purpose of
the earth’s surface, of which the determined under § 60.50Da(c). producing steam (including fossil-fuel-
principal constituent is methane; or (3) For nitrogen oxides (NOX) is: fired steam generators associated with
combined cycle gas turbines; nuclear 2005, any gases that contain PM in February 28, 2005 when combusting
steam generators are not included). excess of: solid, liquid, or gaseous fuel, or
Subbituminous coal means coal that (1) 13 ng/J (0.03 lb/MMBtu) heat input (3) 0.2 percent of the combustion
is classified as subbituminous A, B, or derived from the combustion of solid, concentration determined according to
C according to the American Society of liquid, or gaseous fuel; the procedure in § 60.48Da(o)(5) (99.8
Testing and Materials in ASTM D388 (2) 1 percent of the potential percent reduction) for an affected
(incorporated by reference, see § 60.17). combustion concentration (99 percent facility for which modification
System emergency reserves means an reduction) when combusting solid fuel; commenced after February 28, 2005
amount of electric generating capacity and when combusting solid, liquid, or
equivalent to the rated capacity of the (3) 30 percent of potential combustion gaseous fuel.
single largest electric generating unit in concentration (70 percent reduction)
the electric utility company (including § 60.43Da Standard for sulfur dioxide
when combusting liquid fuel. (SO2).
steam generating units, internal (b) On and after the date the initial
combustion engines, gas turbines, (a) On and after the date on which the
PM performance test is completed or
nuclear units, hydroelectric units, and initial performance test is completed or
required to be completed under § 60.8,
all other electric generating equipment) required to be completed under § 60.8,
whichever date comes first, no owner or
which is interconnected with the whichever date comes first, no owner or
operator subject to the provisions of this
affected facility that has the operator subject to the provisions of this
subpart shall cause to be discharged into
malfunctioning flue gas desulfurization subpart shall cause to be discharged into
the atmosphere from any affected
system. The electric generating the atmosphere from any affected
facility any gases which exhibit greater
capability of equipment under multiple facility which combusts solid fuel or
than 20 percent opacity (6-minute
ownership is prorated based on solid-derived fuel and for which
average), except for one 6-minute period
ownership unless the proportional construction, reconstruction, or
per hour of not more than 27 percent
entitlement to electric output is modification commenced before or on
opacity.
otherwise established by contractual February 28, 2005, except as provided
(c) Except as provided in paragraph
arrangement. under paragraphs (c), (d), (f) or (h) of
(d) of this section, on and after the date
System load means the entire electric this section, any gases that contain SO2
on which the initial performance test is
demand of an electric utility company’s in excess of:
completed or required to be completed (1) 520 ng/J (1.20 lb/MMBtu) heat
service area interconnected with the under § 60.8, whichever date comes
affected facility that has the input and 10 percent of the potential
first, no owner or operator of an affected combustion concentration (90 percent
malfunctioning flue gas desulfurization facility that commenced construction,
system plus firm contractual sales to reduction); or
reconstruction, or modification after (2) 30 percent of the potential
other electric utility companies. Sales to February 28, 2005 shall cause to be
other electric utility companies (e.g., combustion concentration (70 percent
discharged into the atmosphere from reduction), when emissions are less
emergency power) not on a firm that affected facility any gases that
contractual basis may also be included than 260 ng/J (0.60 lb/MMBtu) heat
contain PM in excess of either: input.
in the system load when no available (1) 18 ng/J (0.14 lb/MWh) gross energy
system capacity exists in the electric (b) On and after the date on which the
output; or initial performance test is completed or
utility company to which the power is
(2) 6.4 ng/J (0.015 lb/MMBtu) heat required to be completed under § 60.8,
supplied for sale.
input derived from the combustion of whichever date comes first, no owner or
Wet flue gas desulfurization
solid, liquid, or gaseous fuel. operator subject to the provisions of this
technology or wet FGD means a SO2
control system that is located (d) As an alternative to meeting the subpart shall cause to be discharged into
downstream of the steam generating requirements of paragraph (c) of this the atmosphere from any affected
unit and removes sulfur oxides from the section, the owner or operator of an facility which combusts liquid or
combustion gases of the steam affected facility for which construction, gaseous fuels (except for liquid or
generating unit by contacting the reconstruction, or modification gaseous fuels derived from solid fuels
combustion gases with an alkaline commenced after February 28, 2005, and as provided under paragraphs (e) or
slurry or solution and forming a liquid may elect to meet the requirements of (h) of this section) and for which
material. This definition applies to this paragraph. On and after the date on construction, reconstruction, or
devices where the aqueous liquid which the initial performance test is modification commenced before or on
material product of this contact is completed or required to be completed February 28, 2005, any gases that
subsequently converted to other forms. under § 60.8, whichever date comes contain SO2 in excess of:
Alkaline reagents used in wet FGD first, no owner or operator of an affected (1) 340 ng/J (0.80 lb/MMBtu) heat
technology include, but are not limited facility shall cause to be discharged into input and 10 percent of the potential
to, lime, limestone, and sodium. the atmosphere from that affected combustion concentration (90 percent
facility for which construction, reduction); or
§ 60.42Da Standard for particulate matter reconstruction, or modification (2) 100 percent of the potential
(PM). commenced after February 28, 2005, any combustion concentration (zero percent
(a) On and after the date on which the gases that contain PM in excess of: reduction) when emissions are less than
initial performance test is completed or (1) 13 ng/J (0.03 lb/MMBtu) heat input 86 ng/J (0.20 lb/MMBtu) heat input.
required to be completed under § 60.8, derived from the combustion of solid, (c) On and after the date on which the
whichever date comes first, no owner or liquid, or gaseous fuel, and initial performance test is completed or
operator subject to the provisions of this (2) 0.1 percent of the combustion required to be completed under § 60.8,
subpart shall cause to be discharged into concentration determined according to whichever date comes first, no owner or
the atmosphere from any affected the procedure in § 60.48Da(o)(5) (99.9 operator subject to the provisions of this
facility for which construction, percent reduction) for an affected subpart shall cause to be discharged into
reconstruction, or modification facility for which construction or the atmosphere from any affected
commenced before or on February 28, reconstruction commenced after facility which combusts solid solvent
refined coal (SRC–I) any gases that %Ps = Percentage of potential SO2 emission rolling average basis, shall caused to be
contain SO2 in excess of 520 ng/J (1.20 allowed; discharged into the atmosphere from
lb/MMBtu) heat input and 15 percent of x = Percentage of total heat input derived that affected facility any gases that
from the combustion of liquid or gaseous
the potential combustion concentration contain SO2 in excess of the applicable
fuels (excluding solid-derived fuels); and
(85 percent reduction) except as y = Percentage of total heat input derived emission limitation specified in
provided under paragraph (f) of this from the combustion of solid fuel paragraphs (j)(1) through (3) of this
section; compliance with the emission (including solid-derived fuels). section.
limitation is determined on a 30-day (i) Except as provided in paragraphs (1) For an affected facility for which
rolling average basis and compliance (j) and (k) of this section, on and after construction commenced after February
with the percent reduction requirement the date on which the initial 28, 2005, any gases that contain SO2 in
is determined on a 24-hour basis. performance test is completed or excess of either:
(d) Sulfur dioxide emissions are required to be completed under § 60.8, (i) 180 ng/J (1.4 lb/MWh) gross energy
limited to 520 ng/J (1.20 lb/MMBtu) whichever date comes first, no owner or output on a 30-day rolling average basis;
heat input from any affected facility operator of an affected facility that or
which: commenced construction, (ii) 6 percent of the potential
(1) Combusts 100 percent anthracite; reconstruction, or modification combustion concentration (94 percent
(2) Is classified as a resource recovery reduction) on a 30-day rolling average
commenced after February 28, 2005
unit; or basis.
shall cause to be discharged into the
(3) Is located in a noncontinental area (2) For an affected facility for which
atmosphere from that affected facility,
and combusts solid fuel or solid-derived reconstruction commenced after
any gases that contain SO2 in excess of
fuel. February 28, 2005, any gases that
(e) Sulfur dioxide emissions are the applicable emission limitation
specified in paragraphs (i)(1) through (3) contain SO2 in excess of either:
limited to 340 ng/J (0.80 lb/MMBtu) (i) 180 ng/J (1.4 lb/MWh) gross energy
heat input from any affected facility of this section.
(1) For an affected facility for which output on a 30-day rolling average basis;
which is located in a noncontinental construction commenced after February (ii) 65 ng/J (0.15 lb/MMBtu) heat
area and combusts liquid or gaseous 28, 2005, any gases that contain SO2 in input on a 30-day rolling average basis;
fuels (excluding solid-derived fuels). excess of either: or
(f) The emission reduction (i) 180 ng/J (1.4 lb/MWh) gross energy (iii) 6 percent of the potential
requirements under this section do not output on a 30-day rolling average basis; combustion concentration (94 percent
apply to any affected facility that is or reduction) on a 30-day rolling average
operated under an SO2 commercial (ii) 5 percent of the potential basis.
demonstration permit issued by the combustion concentration (95 percent (3) For an affected facility for which
Administrator in accordance with the reduction) on a 30-day rolling average modification commenced after February
provisions of § 60.47Da. basis. 28, 2005, any gases that contain SO2 in
(g) Compliance with the emission (2) For an affected facility for which excess of either:
limitation and percent reduction reconstruction commenced after (i) 180 ng/J (1.4 lb/MWh) gross energy
requirements under this section are both February 28, 2005, any gases that output on a 30-day rolling average basis;
determined on a 30-day rolling average contain SO2 in excess of either: (ii) 65 ng/J (0.15 lb/MMBtu) heat
basis except as provided under (i) 180 ng/J (1.4 lb/MWh) gross energy input on a 30-day rolling average basis;
paragraph (c) of this section. output on a 30-day rolling average basis; or
(h) When different fuels are (ii) 65 ng/J (0.15 lb/MMBtu) heat (iii) 10 percent of the potential
combusted simultaneously, the input on a 30-day rolling average basis; combustion concentration (90 percent
applicable standard is determined by or reduction) on a 30-day rolling average
proration using the following formula: (iii) 5 percent of the potential basis.
(1) If emissions of SO2 to the combustion concentration (95 percent (k) On and after the date on which the
atmosphere are greater than 260 ng/J reduction) on a 30-day rolling average initial performance test is completed or
(0.60 lb/MMBtu) heat input. basis. required to be completed under § 60.8,
(3) For an affected facility for which
whichever date comes first, no owner or
modification commenced after February
(340 x + 520 y) operator of an affected facility located in
ES = 28, 2005, any gases that contain SO2 in
a noncontinental area that commenced
100 excess of either:
(i) 180 ng/J (1.4 lb/MWh) gross energy construction, reconstruction, or
and output on a 30-day rolling average basis; modification commenced after February
(ii) 65 ng/J (0.15 lb/MMBtu) heat 28, 2005, shall cause to be discharged
%P8 = 10 input on a 30-day rolling average basis; into the atmosphere from that affected
or facility any gases that contain SO2 in
(2) If emissions of SO2 to the
(iii) 10 percent of the potential excess of the applicable emission
atmosphere are equal to or less than 260
combustion concentration (90 percent limitation specified in paragraphs (k)(1)
ng/J (0.60 lb/MMBtu) heat input:
reduction) on a 30-day rolling average and (2) of this section.
basis. (1) For an affected facility that burns
(340 x + 520 y) (j) On and after the date on which the solid or solid-derived fuel, the owner or
ES =
100 initial performance test is completed or operator shall not cause to be
required to be completed under § 60.8, discharged into the atmosphere any
and whichever date comes first, no owner or gases that contain SO2 in excess of 520
(10 x + 30 y)
EP09FE07.013</MATH>
operator of an affected facility that ng/J (1.2 lb/MMBtu) heat input on a 30-
%PS = commenced construction, day rolling average basis.
100
reconstruction, or modification (2) For an affected facility that burns
Where: commenced after February 28, 2005, other than solid or solid-derived fuel,
Es = Prorated SO2 emission limit (ng/J heat and that burns 75 percent or more (by the owner or operator shall not cause to
EP09FE07.012</MATH>
input); heat input) coal refuse on a 12-month be discharged into the atmosphere any
gases that contain SO2 in excess of if the required to be completed under § 60.8, (expressed as NO2) in excess of the
affected facility or 230 ng/J (0.54 lb/ whichever date comes first, no owner or following emission limits, based on a
MMBtu) heat input on a 30-day rolling operator subject to the provisions of this 30-day rolling average basis, except as
average basis. subpart shall cause to be discharged into provided under § 60.48Da(j)(1):
§ 60.44Da Standard for nitrogen oxides
the atmosphere from any affected (1) NOX emission limits.
(NOX). facility, except as provided under
(a) On and after the date on which the paragraphs (b), (d), (e), and (f) of this
initial performance test is completed or section, any gases that contain NOX
Emission limit for heat

input
Fuel type
ng/J lb/MMBtu
Gaseous fuels:
Coal-derived fuels ..................................................................................................................................................... 210 0.50
All other fuels ............................................................................................................................................................ 86 0.20
Liquid fuels:
Shale oil .................................................................................................................................................................... 210 0.50
All other fuels ............................................................................................................................................................ 130 0.30
Solid fuels:
Any fuel containing more than 25%, by weight, coal refuse1.
Any fuel containing more than 25%, by weight, lignite if the lignite is mined in North Dakota, South Dakota, or
Montana, and is combusted in a slag tap furnace 2 ............................................................................................. 340 0.80
Any fuel containing more than 25%, by weight, lignite not subject to the 340 ng/J heat input emission limit 2 ..... 260 0.60
Subbituminous coal .................................................................................................................................................. 210 0.50
Bituminous coal ........................................................................................................................................................ 260 0.60
Anthracite coal .......................................................................................................................................................... 260 0.60
All other fuels ............................................................................................................................................................ 260 0.60
1 Exempt from NOX standards and NOX monitoring requirements.
2 Any fuel containing less than 25%, by weight, lignite is not prorated but its percentage is added to the percentage of the predominant fuel.
(2) NOX reduction requirement. x = Percentage of total heat input derived J (0.15 lb/MMBtu) heat input, based on
from the combustion of fuels subject to a 30-day rolling average basis.
Percent reduc- the 130 ng/J heat input standard;
tion of potential y = Percentage of total heat input derived (e) Except for an IGCC meeting the
Fuel type requirements of paragraph (f) of this
combustion from the combustion of fuels subject to
concentration the 210 ng/J heat input standard; section, on and after the date on which
z = Percentage of total heat input derived the initial performance test is completed
Gaseous fuels ................... 25 from the combustion of fuels subject to or required to be completed under
Liquid fuels ....................... 30
Solid fuels ......................... 65
the 260 ng/J heat input standard; and § 60.8, whichever date comes first, no
v = Percentage of total heat input delivered owner or operator of an affected facility
from the combustion of fuels subject to that commenced construction,
(b) The emission limitations under the 340 ng/J heat input standard. reconstruction, or modification after
paragraph (a) of this section do not February 28, 2005 shall cause to be
apply to any affected facility which is (d)(1) On and after the date on which
the initial performance test is completed discharged into the atmosphere from
combusting coal-derived liquid fuel and that affected facility any gases that
is operating under a commercial or required to be completed under
§ 60.8, whichever date comes first, no contain NOX (expressed as NO2) in
demonstration permit issued by the
owner or operator of an affected facility excess of the applicable emission
Administrator in accordance with the
that commenced construction after July limitation specified in paragraphs (e)(1)
provisions of § 60.47Da.
9, 1997, but before or on February 28, through (3) of this section.
(c) Except as provided under
paragraphs (d), (e), and (f) of this 2005 shall cause to the atmosphere any (1) For an affected facility for which
section, when two or more fuels are gases that contain NOX (expressed as construction commenced after February
combusted simultaneously, the NO2) in excess of 200 ng/J (1.6 lb/MWh) 28, 2005, the owner or operator shall not
applicable standard is determined by gross energy output, based on a 30-day cause to be discharged into the
proration using the following formula: rolling average basis, except as provided atmosphere any gases that contain NOX
under § 60.48Da(k). (expressed as NO2) in excess of 130 ng/
(2) On and after the date on which the J (1.0 lb/MWh) gross energy output on
(86w +130 x + 210 y + 260z + 340 v)
En = initial performance test is completed or a 30-day rolling average basis, except as
100 required to be completed under § 60.8, provided under § 60.48Da(k).
Where: whichever date comes first, no owner or (2) For an affected facility for which
operator of affected facility for which reconstruction commenced after

En = Applicable standard for NOX when
multiple fuels are combusted reconstruction commenced after July 9, February 28, 2005, the owner or
simultaneously (ng/J heat input); 1997, but before or on February 28, 2005 operator shall not cause to be
w = Percentage of total heat input derived shall cause to be discharged into the discharged into the atmosphere any
from the combustion of fuels subject to atmosphere any gases that contain NOX gases that contain NOX (expressed as
EP09FE07.014</MATH>
the 86 ng/J heat input standard; (expressed as NO2) in excess of 65 ng/ NO2) in excess of either:
(i) 130 ng/J (1.0 lb/MWh) gross energy unit, on and after the date on which the GWh on an output basis. The SI
output on a 30-day rolling average basis; initial performance test is completed or equivalent is 0.0020 ng/J.
or required to be completed under § 60.8, (5) For each coal-fired electric utility
(ii) 47 ng/J (0.11 lb/MMBtu) heat whichever date comes first, no owner or steam generating unit that burns a blend
input on a 30-day rolling average basis. operator subject to the provisions of this of coals from different coal ranks (i.e.,
(3) For an affected facility for which subpart shall cause to be discharged into bituminous coal, subbituminous coal,
modification commenced after February the atmosphere from any affected lignite) or a blend of coal and coal
28, 2005, the owner or operator shall not facility for which construction, refuse, you must not discharge into the
cause to be discharged into the modification, or reconstruction atmosphere any gases from a new
atmosphere any gases that contain NOX commenced after January 30, 2004, any affected source that contain Hg in excess
(expressed as NO2) in excess of either: gases that contain mercury (Hg) of the unit-specific Hg emissions limit
(i) 180 ng/J (1.4 lb/MWh) gross energy emissions in excess of each Hg established according to paragraph
output on a 30-day rolling average basis; emissions limit in paragraphs (a)(1) (a)(5)(i) or (ii) of this section, as
or through (5) of this section that applies applicable to the affected unit.
(ii) 65 ng/J (0.15 lb/MMBtu) heat to you. The Hg emissions limits in (i) If you operate a coal-fired electric
input on a 30-day rolling average basis. paragraphs (a)(1) through (5) of this utility steam generating unit that burns
(f) On and after the date on which the section are based on a 12-month rolling a blend of coals from different coal
initial performance test is completed or average basis using the procedures in ranks or a blend of coal and coal refuse,
required to be completed under § 60.8, § 60.50Da(h). you must not discharge into the
whichever date comes first, no owner or (1) For each coal-fired electric utility atmosphere any gases from a new
operator of an IGCC subject to the steam generating unit that burns only affected source that contain Hg in excess
provisions of this subpart that burns bituminous coal, you must not of the computed weighted Hg emissions
liquid fuel as a supplemental fuel and discharge into the atmosphere any gases limit based on the Btu, MWh, or MJ
for which construction, reconstruction, from a new affected source that contain contributed by each coal rank burned
or modification commenced after Hg in excess of 20 × 10¥6 pound per during the compliance period and its
February 28, 2005, shall meet the megawatt hour (lb/MWh) or 0.020 lb/ applicable Hg emissions limit in
requirements specified in paragraphs gigawatt-hour (GWh) on an output basis. paragraphs (a)(1) through (4) of this
(f)(1) through (3) of this section. The International System of Units (SI) section as determined using Equation 1
(1) The owner or operator shall not equivalent is 0.0025 ng/J. in this section. For each affected source,
cause to be discharged into the (2) For each coal-fired electric utility you must comply with the weighted Hg
atmosphere any gases that contain NOX steam generating unit that burns only emissions limit calculated using
(expressed as NO2) in excess of 130 ng/ subbituminous coal: Equation 1 in this section based on the
J (1.0 lb/MWh) gross energy output on (i) If your unit is located in a county- total Hg emissions from the unit and the
a 30-day rolling average basis, except as level geographical area receiving greater total Btu, MWh, or MJ contributed by all
provided for in paragraphs (f)(2) and (3) than 25 inches per year (in/yr) mean fuels burned during the compliance
of this section. annual precipitation, based on the most period.
(2) When burning liquid fuel recent publicly available U.S.
exclusively or in combination with Department of Agriculture 30-year data, n
solid-derived fuel such that the liquid
fuel contributes 50 percent or more of
you must not discharge into the
atmosphere any gases from a new
∑ EL
i =1
i (HH i )
the total heat input to the combined affected source that contain Hg in excess EL b = n
(Eq. 1)
cycle combustion turbine, the owner or
operator shall not cause to be
of 66 × 10¥6 lb/MWh or 0.066 lb/GWh
on an output basis. The SI equivalent is
∑ HH
i =1
i
discharged into the atmosphere any 0.0083 ng/J.

gases that contain NOX (expressed as (ii) If your unit is located in a county- Where:
NO2) in excess of 190 ng/J (1.5 lb/MWh) level geographical area receiving less ELb = Total allowable Hg in lb/MWh that can
gross energy output on a 30-day rolling than or equal to 25 in/yr mean annual be emitted to the atmosphere from any
precipitation, based on the most recent affected source being averaged according
average basis.
publicly available U.S. Department of to this paragraph.
(3) In cases when during a 30-day ELi = Hg emissions limit for the subcategory
rolling average compliance period Agriculture 30-year data, you must not i (coal rank) that applies to affected
liquid fuel is burned in such a manner discharge into the atmosphere any gases source, lb/MWh;
to meet the conditions in paragraph from a new affected source that contain HHi = For each affected source, the Btu,
(f)(2) of this section for only a portion Hg in excess of 97 × 10¥6 lb/MWh or MWh, or MJ contributed by the
of the clock hours in the 30-day period, 0.097 lb/GWh on an output basis. The corresponding subcategory i (coal rank)
the owner or operator shall not cause to SI equivalent is 0.0122 ng/J. burned during the compliance period;
be discharged into the atmosphere any (3) For each coal-fired electric utility and
steam generating unit that burns only n = Number of subcategories (coal ranks)
gases that contain NOX (expressed as being averaged for an affected source.
NO2) in excess of the computed lignite, you must not discharge into the
weighted-average emissions limit based atmosphere any gases from a new (ii) If you operate a coal-fired electric
on the proportion of gross energy output affected source that contain Hg in excess utility steam generating unit that burns
(in MWh) generated during the of 175 × 10¥6 lb/MWh or 0.175 lb/GWh a blend of coals from different coal
compliance period for each of emissions on an output basis. The SI equivalent is ranks or a blend of coal and coal refuse
limits in paragraphs (f)(1) and (2) of this 0.0221 ng/J. together with one or more non-
section. (4) For each coal-burning electric regulated, supplementary fuels, you
utility steam generating unit that burns must not discharge into the atmosphere
§ 60.45Da Standard for mercury (Hg). only coal refuse, you must not discharge any gases from a new affected source
(a) For each coal-fired electric utility into the atmosphere any gases from a that contain Hg in excess of the
steam generating unit other than an new affected source that contain Hg in computed weighted Hg emission limit
EP09FE07.015</MATH>
IGCC electric utility steam generating excess of 16 × 10¥6 lb/MWh or 0.016 lb/ based on the Btu, MWh, or MJ
contributed by each coal rank burned rolling average basis using the steam generator (atmospheric or
during the compliance period and its procedures in § 60.50Da(h). pressurized) who is issued a commercial
applicable Hg emissions limit in demonstration permit by the
§ 60.46Da [Reserved]
paragraphs (a)(1) through (4) of this Administrator is not subject to the SO2
section as determined using Equation 1 § 60.47Da Commercial demonstration emission reduction requirements under
in this section. For each affected source, permit. § 60.43Da(a) but must, as a minimum,
you must comply with the weighted Hg (a) An owner or operator of an reduce SO2 emissions to 15 percent of
emissions limit calculated using affected facility proposing to the potential combustion concentration
Equation 1 in this section based on the demonstrate an emerging technology (85 percent reduction) on a 30-day
total Hg emissions from the unit may apply to the Administrator for a rolling average basis and to less than
contributed by both regulated and commercial demonstration permit. The 520 ng/J (1.20 lb/MMBtu) heat input on
nonregulated fuels burned during the Administrator will issue a commercial a 30-day rolling average basis.
compliance period and the total Btu, demonstration permit in accordance
with paragraph (e) of this section. (d) The owner or operator of an
MWh, or MJ contributed by both
Commercial demonstration permits may affected facility that combusts coal-
regulated and nonregulated fuels burned
be issued only by the Administrator, derived liquid fuel and who is issued a
during the compliance period.
and this authority will not be delegated. commercial demonstration permit by
(b) For each IGCC electric utility (b) An owner or operator of an the Administrator is not subject to the
steam generating unit, on and after the affected facility that combusts solid applicable NOX emission limitation and
date on which the initial performance solvent refined coal (SRC–I) and who is percent reduction under § 60.44Da(a)
test required to be conducted under issued a commercial demonstration but must, as a minimum, reduce
§ 60.8 is completed, no owner or permit by the Administrator is not emissions to less than 300 ng/J (0.70 lb/
operator subject to the provisions of this subject to the SO2 emission reduction MMBtu) heat input on a 30-day rolling
subpart shall cause to be discharged into requirements under § 60.43Da(c) but average basis.
the atmosphere from any affected must, as a minimum, reduce SO2
facility for which construction, emissions to 20 percent of the potential (e) Commercial demonstration
modification, or reconstruction combustion concentration (80 percent permits may not exceed the following
commenced after January 30, 2004, any reduction) for each 24-hour period of equivalent MW electrical generation
gases that contain Hg emissions in steam generator operation and to less capacity for any one technology
excess of 20 × 10¥6 lb/MWh or 0.020 lb/ than 520 ng/J (1.20 lb/MMBtu) heat category, and the total equivalent MW
GWh on an output basis. The SI input on a 30-day rolling average basis. electrical generation capacity for all
equivalent is 0.0025 ng/J. This Hg (c) An owner or operator of a commercial demonstration plants may
emissions limit is based on a 12-month fluidized bed combustion electric utility not exceed 15,000 MW.
Equivalent Elec-
trical Capacity
Technology Pollutant (MW electrical
output)
Solid solvent refined coal (SCR I) ........................................................................................................................... SO2 ............. 6,000–10,000

Fluidized bed combustion (atmospheric) ................................................................................................................. SO2 .............. 400–3,000
Fluidized bed combustion (pressurized) .................................................................................................................. SO2 .............. 400–1,200
Coal liquification ....................................................................................................................................................... NOX ............. 750–10,000
Total allowable for all technologies .................................................................................................................. ..................... 15,000
§ 60.48Da Compliance provisions. (1) Operating all operable flue gas notification to demonstrate spare
(a) Compliance with the PM emission desulfurization system modules, and module capability. To demonstrate this
limitation under § 60.42Da(a)(1) bringing back into operation any capability, the owner or operator must
constitutes compliance with the percent malfunctioned module as soon as demonstrate compliance with the
reduction requirements for PM under repairs are completed, appropriate requirements under
§ 60.42Da(a)(2) and (3). (2) Bypassing flue gases around only paragraph under § 60.43Da(a), (b), (d),
(b) Compliance with the NOX those flue gas desulfurization system (e), and (h) for any period of operation
emission limitation under modules that have been taken out of lasting from 24 hours to 30 days when:
§ 60.44Da(a)(1) constitutes compliance operation because they were incapable (i) Any one flue gas desulfurization
with the percent reduction requirements of any SO2 emission reduction or which module is not operated,
(ii) The affected facility is operating at
under § 60.44Da(a)(2). would have suffered significant physical
the maximum heat input rate,
(c) The PM emission standards under damage if they had remained in (iii) The fuel fired during the 24-hour
§ 60.42Da, the NOX emission standards operation, and to 30-day period is representative of the
under § 60.44Da, and the Hg emission (3) Designing, constructing, and type and average sulfur content of fuel
standards under § 60.45Da apply at all operating a spare flue gas used over a typical 30-day period, and
times except during periods of startup, desulfurization system module for an (iv) The owner or operator has given
shutdown, or malfunction. affected facility larger than 365 MW the Administrator at least 30 days notice
(d) During emergency conditions in (1,250 MMBtu/hr) heat input of the date and period of time over
the principal company, an affected (approximately 125 MW electrical which the demonstration will be
facility with a malfunctioning flue gas output capacity). The Administrator performed.
desulfurization system may be operated may at his discretion require the owner (e) After the initial performance test
if SO2 emissions are minimized by: or operator within 60 days of required under § 60.8, compliance with
the SO2 emission limitations and (h) If an owner or operator has not unit shall constitute the NOX emission
percentage reduction requirements obtained the minimum quantity of rate from the duct burner of the
under § 60.43Da and the NOX emission emission data as required under combined cycle system.
limitations under § 60.44Da is based on § 60.49Da of this subpart, compliance of (k) Compliance provisions for duct
the average emission rate for 30 the affected facility with the emission burners subject to § 60.44Da(d)(1) or
successive boiler operating days. A requirements under §§ 60.43Da and (e)(1). To determine compliance with
separate performance test is completed 60.44Da of this subpart for the day on the emission limitation for NOX
at the end of each boiler operating day which the 30-day period ends may be required by § 60.44Da(d)(1) or (e)(1) for
after the initial performance test, and a determined by the Administrator by duct burners used in combined cycle
new 30 day average emission rate for following the applicable procedures in systems, either of the procedures
both SO2 and NOX and a new percent section 7 of Method 19 of appendix A described in paragraphs (k)(1) and (2) of
reduction for SO2 are calculated to show of this part. this section may be used:
compliance with the standards. (i) Compliance provisions for sources (1) The owner or operator of an
(f) For the initial performance test subject to § 60.44Da(d)(1), (e)(1), affected duct burner used in combined
required under § 60.8, compliance with (e)(2)(i), (e)(3)(i), or (f). The owner or cycle systems shall determine
the SO2 emission limitations and operator of an affected facility subject to compliance with the applicable NOX
percent reduction requirements under § 60.44Da(d)(1), (e)(1), (e)(2)(i), (e)(3)(i), emission limitation in § 60.44Da(d)(1) or
§ 60.43Da and the NOX emission or (f) shall calculate NOX emissions by (e)(1) as follows:
limitation under § 60.44Da is based on multiplying the average hourly NOX (i) The emission rate (E) of NOX shall
the average emission rates for SO2, NOX, output concentration, measured be computed using Equation 2 in this
and percent reduction for SO2 for the according to the provisions of section:
first 30 successive boiler operating days. § 60.49Da(c), by the average hourly flow
The initial performance test is the only rate, measured according to the (Csg × Qsg ) − (C te × Q te )
test in which at least 30 days prior provisions of § 60.49Da(l), and dividing E= (Eg. 2)
notice is required unless otherwise by the average hourly gross energy (Osg × h )
specified by the Administrator. The output, measured according to the
initial performance test is to be provisions of § 60.49Da(k). Where:
scheduled so that the first boiler (j) Compliance provisions for duct E = Emission rate of NOX from the duct
burners subject to § 60.44Da(a)(1). To burner, ng/J (lb/MWh) gross output;
operating day of the 30 successive boiler
determine compliance with the Csg = Average hourly concentration of NOX
operating days is completed within 60 exiting the steam generating unit, ng/
emissions limits for NOX required by
days after achieving the maximum dscm (lb/dscf);
§ 60.44Da(a) for duct burners used in
production rate at which the affected Cte = Average hourly concentration of NOX in
combined cycle systems, either of the
facility will be operated, but not later the turbine exhaust upstream from duct
procedures described in paragraph (j)(1)
than 180 days after initial startup of the burner, ng/dscm (lb/dscf);
or (2) of this section may be used: Qsg = Average hourly volumetric flow rate of
facility. (1) The owner or operator of an
(g) The owner or operator of an exhaust gas from steam generating unit,
affected duct burner shall conduct the dscm/hr (dscf/hr);
affected facility subject to emission performance test required under § 60.8 Qte = Average hourly volumetric flow rate of
limitations in this subpart shall using the appropriate methods in exhaust gas from combustion turbine,
determine compliance as follows: appendix A of this part. Compliance dscm/hr (dscf/hr);
(1) Compliance with applicable 30- with the emissions limits under Osg = Average hourly gross energy output
day rolling average SO2 and NOX § 60.44Da(a)(1) is determined on the from steam generating unit, J (MWh); and
emission limitations is determined by average of three (nominal 1-hour) runs h = Average hourly fraction of the total heat
calculating the arithmetic average of all for the initial and subsequent input to the steam generating unit
hourly emission rates for SO2 and NOX derived from the combustion of fuel in
performance tests. During the
for the 30 successive boiler operating the affected duct burner.
performance test, one sampling site
days, except for data obtained during shall be located in the exhaust of the (ii) Method 7E of appendix A of this
startup, shutdown, malfunction (NOX turbine prior to the duct burner. A part shall be used to determine the NOX
only), or emergency conditions (SO2 second sampling site shall be located at concentrations (Csg and Cte). Method 2,
only). the outlet from the heat recovery steam 2F or 2G of appendix A of this part, as
(2) Compliance with applicable SO2 generating unit. Measurements shall be appropriate, shall be used to determine
percentage reduction requirements is taken at both sampling sites during the the volumetric flow rates (Qsg and Qte)
determined based on the average inlet performance test; or of the exhaust gases. The volumetric
and outlet SO2 emission rates for the 30 (2) The owner or operator of an flow rate measurements shall be taken at
successive boiler operating days. affected duct burner may elect to the same time as the concentration
(3) Compliance with applicable daily determine compliance by using the measurements.
average PM emission limitations is continuous emission monitoring system (iii) The owner or operator shall
determined by calculating the (CEMS) specified under § 60.49Da for develop, demonstrate, and provide
arithmetic average of all hourly measuring NOX and oxygen (O2) and information satisfactory to the
emission rates for PM each boiler meet the requirements of § 60.49Da. Administrator to determine the average
operating day, except for data obtained Data from a CEMS certified (or hourly gross energy output from the
during startup, shutdown, and recertified) according to the provisions steam generating unit, and the average
malfunction. Averages are not of 40 CFR 75.20, meeting the QA and hourly percentage of the total heat input
calculated for boiler operating days with QC requirements of 40 CFR 75.21, and to the steam generating unit derived
less than 18 hours of valid data. Instead, validated according to 40 CFR 75.23 from the combustion of fuel in the
the valid hourly emission rates are may be used. The sampling site shall be affected duct burner.
averaged with the immediately located at the outlet from the steam (iv) Compliance with the applicable
following boiler operating day emission generating unit. The NOX emission rate NOX emission limitation in
EP09FE07.016</MATH>
rates to determine compliance. at the outlet from the steam generating § 60.44Da(d)(1) or (e)(1) is determined
by the three-run average (nominal 1- shall be computed using Equation 4 in the average hourly SO2 output
hour runs) for the initial and subsequent this section: concentration, measured according to
performance tests. the provisions of § 60.49Da(b), by the
(2) The owner or operator of an (ER sg × H cc ) average hourly flow rate, measured
affected duct burner used in a combined E= (Eg. 4) according to the provisions of
cycle system may elect to determine (Occ ) § 60.49Da(l), and divided by the average
compliance with the applicable NOX hourly gross energy output, measured
Where: according to the provisions of
emission limitation in § 60.44Da(d)(1) or
(e)(1) on a 30-day rolling average basis E = Emission rate of NOX from the duct § 60.49Da(k).
burner, ng/J (lb/MWh) gross output; (n) Compliance provisions for sources
as indicated in paragraphs (k)(2)(i) ERsg = Average hourly emission rate of NOX
through (iv) of this section. subject to § 60.42Da(c)(1). The owner or
exiting the steam generating unit heat
(i) The emission rate (E) of NOX shall input calculated using appropriate F operator of an affected facility subject to
be computed using Equation 3 in this factor as described in Method 19 of § 60.42Da(c)(1) shall calculate PM
section: appendix A of this part, ng/J (lb/ emissions by multiplying the average
MMBtu); hourly PM output concentration,
Hcc = Average hourly heat input rate of entire measured according to the provisions of
(Csg × Qsd ) combined cycle unit, J/hr (MMBtu/hr);
E= (Eg. 3) and
§ 60.49Da(t), by the average hourly flow
(Occ ) rate, measured according to the
Occ = Average hourly gross energy output provisions of § 60.49Da(l), and divided
Where: from entire combined cycle unit, J
by the average hourly gross energy
(MWh).
E = Emission rate of NOX from the duct output, measured according to the
burner, ng/J (lb/MWh) gross output; (3) When an affected duct burner provisions of § 60.49Da(k). Compliance
Csg = Average hourly concentration of NOX steam generating unit utilizes a common with the emission limit is determined
exiting the steam generating unit, ng/ steam turbine with one or more affected by calculating the arithmetic average of
dscm (lb/dscf); duct burner steam generating units, the the hourly emission rates computed for
Qsg = Average hourly volumetric flow rate of owner or operator shall either: each boiler operating day.
exhaust gas from steam generating unit, (i) Determine compliance with the
dscm/hr (dscf/hr); and
(o) Compliance provisions for sources
applicable NOX emissions limits by subject to § 60.42Da(c)(2) or (d). Except
Occ = Average hourly gross energy output
from entire combined cycle unit, J measuring the emissions combined with as provided for in paragraph (p) of this
(MWh). the emissions from the other unit(s) section, the owner or operator of an
utilizing the common steam turbine; or affected facility for which construction,
(ii) The CEMS specified under (ii) Develop, demonstrate, and reconstruction, or modification
§ 60.49Da for measuring NOX and O2 provide information satisfactory to the commenced after February 28, 2005,
shall be used to determine the average Administrator on methods for shall demonstrate compliance with each
hourly NOX concentrations (Csg). The apportioning the combined gross energy applicable emission limit according to
continuous flow monitoring system output from the steam turbine for each the requirements in paragraphs (o)(1)
specified in § 60.49Da(l) shall be used to of the affected duct burners. The through (o)(5) of this section.
determine the volumetric flow rate (Qsg) Administrator may approve such (1) Conduct an initial performance
of the exhaust gas. The sampling site demonstrated substitute methods for test according to the requirements in
shall be located at the outlet from the apportioning the combined gross energy § 60.50Da to demonstrate compliance by
steam generating unit. Data from a output measured at the steam turbine the applicable date specified in § 60.8(a)
continuous flow monitoring system whenever the demonstration ensures and, thereafter, conduct subsequent
certified (or recertified) following accurate estimation of emissions performance test within 365 calendar
procedures specified in 40 CFR 75.20, regulated under this part. days of the prior test, and
meeting the quality assurance and (l) Compliance provisions for sources (2) An owner or operator must use
quality control requirements of 40 CFR subject to § 60.45Da. The owner or opacity monitoring equipment as an
75.21, and validated according to 40 operator of an affected facility subject to indicator of continuous PM control
CFR 75.23 may be used. § 60.45Da (new sources constructed or device performance and demonstrate
(iii) The continuous monitoring reconstructed after January 30, 2004) compliance with § 60.42Da(b). In
system specified under § 60.49Da(k) for shall calculate the Hg emission rate (lb/ addition, baseline parameters shall be
measuring and determining gross energy MWh) for each calendar month of the established as the highest clock hour
output shall be used to determine the year, using hourly Hg concentrations opacity average (average of 10 6-minute
average hourly gross energy output from measured according to the provisions of measurements) measured by the
the entire combined cycle unit (Occ), § 60.49Da(p) in conjunction with hourly continuous opacity monitoring system
which is the combined output from the stack gas volumetric flow rates during the PM performance test. If any
combustion turbine and the steam measured according to the provisions of clock hour average opacity
generating unit. § 60.49Da(l) or (m), and hourly gross measurement is more than 110 percent
(iv) The owner or operator may, in electrical outputs, determined according of the baseline level, the owner or
lieu of installing, operating, and to the provisions in § 60.49Da(k). operator will conduct another
recording data from the continuous flow Compliance with the applicable performance test within 45 operating
monitoring system specified in standard under § 60.45Da is determined days to demonstrate compliance. A new
§ 60.49Da(l), determine the mass rate on a 12-month rolling average basis. baseline is established during each PM
(lb/hr) of NOX emissions by installing, (m) Compliance provisions for sources performance test. The new baseline
EP09FE07.018</MATH>
operating, and maintaining continuous subject to § 60.43Da(i)(1)(i), (i)(2)(i), shall not exceed the opacity limit
fuel flowmeters following the (i)(3)(i), (j)(1)(i), (j)(2)(i), or (j)(3)(i). The specified in § 60.42Da(b), and
appropriate measurements procedures owner or operator of an affected facility (3) An owner or operator using an ESP
specified in appendix D of part 75 of subject to § 60.43Da(i)(1)(i), (i)(2)(i), to comply with the applicable emission
this chapter. If this compliance option is (i)(3)(i), (j)(1)(i), (j)(2)(i),or (j)(3)(i) shall limits shall use voltage and secondary
EP09FE07.017</MATH>
selected, the emission rate (E) of NOX calculate SO2 emissions by multiplying current monitoring equipment to
measure voltage and secondary current (vii) For positive pressure fabric filter emissions concentrations using the
to the ESP. Baseline parameters shall be systems that do not duct all continuous monitoring system outlet
established as average rates measured compartments of cells to a common data. The 24-hour block arithmetic
during the performance test. If a 3-hour stack, a bag leak detection system must average emission concentration shall be
average voltage and secondary current be installed in each baghouse calculated using EPA Reference Method
average deviates more than 10 percent compartment or cell. 19 of appendix A of this part, section
from the baseline level, the owner or (viii) Where multiple bag leak 4.1.
operator will conduct another detectors are required, the system’s (5) At a minimum, valid CEMS hourly
performance test within 45 operating instrumentation and alarm may be averages shall be obtained for 75 percent
days to demonstrate compliance. A new shared among detectors, and of all operating hours on a 30-day
baseline is established during each PM (5) An owner or operator of a rolling average basis. Beginning on
performance test, and modified affected source electing to January 1, 2012, valid CEMS hourly
(4) An owner or operator using a meet the emission limitations in averages shall be obtained for 90 percent
fabric filter to comply with the § 60.42Da(d) shall determine the percent of all operating hours on a 30-day
applicable emission limits shall install, reduction in PM by using the emission rolling average basis.
calibrate, maintain, and continuously rate for PM determined by the (i) At least two data points per hour
operate a bag leak detection system performance test conducted according shall be used to calculate each 1-hour
according to paragraphs (o)(4)(i) through to the requirements in paragraph (o)(1) arithmetic average.
(viii) of this section. of this section and the ash content on a
(ii) [Reserved]
(i) Install and operate a bag leak mass basis of the fuel burned during
each performance test run as (6) The 1-hour arithmetic averages
detection system for each exhaust stack required shall be expressed in ng/J,
of the fabric filter. determined by analysis of the fuel as
fired. MMBtu/hr, or lb/MWh and shall be
(ii) Each bag leak detection system used to calculate the boiler operating
(p) As an alternative to meeting the
must be installed, operated, calibrated, day daily arithmetic average emission
compliance provisions specified in
and maintained in a manner consistent paragraph (o) of this section, an owner concentrations. The 1-hour arithmetic
with the manufacturer’s written or operator may elect to install, certify, averages shall be calculated using the
specifications and recommendations maintain, and operate a CEMS data points required under § 60.13(e)(2)
and in accordance with the ‘‘Fabric measuring PM emissions discharged of subpart A of this part.
Filter Bag Leak Detection Guidance’’ from the affected facility to the (7) All valid CEMS data shall be used
(EPA 454/R–98–015, September 1997). atmosphere and record the output of the in calculating average emission
This document is available from the system as specified in paragraphs (p)(1) concentrations even if the minimum
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through (p)(8) of this section. CEMS data requirements of paragraph
(U.S. EPA); Office of Air Quality (1) The owner or operator shall (j)(5) of this section are not met.
Planning and Standards; Sector Policies submit a written notification to the (8) When PM emissions data are not
and Programs Division; Measurement Administrator of intent to demonstrate obtained because of CEMS breakdowns,
Policy Group (D243–02), Research compliance with this subpart by using repairs, calibration checks, and zero and
Triangle Park, NC 27711. This a CEMS measuring PM. This span adjustments, emissions data shall
document is also available on the notification shall be sent at least 30 be obtained by using other monitoring
Technology Transfer Network (TTN) calendar days before the initial startup systems as approved by the
under Emission Measurement Center of the monitor for compliance Administrator or EPA Reference Method
Continuous Emission Monitoring. determination purposes. The owner or 19 of appendix A of this part to provide,
(iii) The bag leak detection system operator may discontinue operation of as necessary, valid emissions data for a
must be certified by the manufacturer to the monitor and instead return to minimum of 90 percent (only 75 percent
be capable of detecting PM emissions at demonstration of compliance with this is required prior to January 1, 2012) of
concentrations of 10 milligrams per subpart according to the requirements in all operating hours per 30-day rolling
actual cubic meter or less. paragraph (o) of this section by average.
(iv) The bag leak detection system submitting written notification to the
sensor must provide output of relative § 60.49Da Emission monitoring.
Administrator of such intent at least 30
or absolute PM loadings. calendar days before shutdown of the (a) Except as provided for in
(v) The bag leak detection system monitor for compliance determination paragraphs (t) and (u) of this section, the
must be equipped with a device to purposes. owner or operator of an affected facility,
continuously record the output signal (2) Each CEMS shall be installed, shall install, calibrate, maintain, and
from the sensor. certified, operated, and maintained operate a CEMS, and record the output
(vi) The bag leak detection system according to the requirements in of the system, for measuring the opacity
must be equipped with an alarm system § 60.49Da(v). of emissions discharged to the
that will sound automatically when an (3) The initial performance evaluation atmosphere. If opacity interference due
increase in relative PM emissions over shall be completed no later than 180 to water droplets exists in the stack (for
a preset level is detected. The alarm days after the date of initial startup of example, from the use of an FGD
must be located where it is easily heard the affected facility, as specified under system), the opacity is monitored
by plant operating personnel. Corrective § 60.8 of subpart A of this part or within upstream of the interference (at the inlet
actions must be initiated within 1 hour 180 days of the date of notification to to the FGD system). If opacity
of a bag leak detection system alarm. If the Administrator required under interference is experienced at all
the alarm is engaged for more than 5 paragraph (p)(1) of this section, locations (both at the inlet and outlet of
percent of the total operating time on a whichever is later. the SO2 control system), alternate
30-day rolling average basis, a (4) Compliance with the applicable parameters indicative of the PM control
performance test must be performed emissions limit shall be determined system’s performance and/or good
within 45 operating days to demonstrate based on the 24-hour daily (block) combustion are monitored (subject to
compliance. average of the hourly arithmetic average the approval of the Administrator).
(b) The owner or operator of an operating days. If this minimum data concentration in ng/J (1b/MMBtu) heat
affected facility shall install, calibrate, requirement cannot be met with CEMS, input.
maintain, and operate a CEMS, and the owner or operator shall supplement (i) The owner or operator shall use
record the output of the system, for emission data with other monitoring methods and procedures in this
measuring SO2 emissions, except where systems approved by the Administrator paragraph to conduct monitoring system
natural gas is the only fuel combusted, or the reference methods and performance evaluations under
as follows: procedures as described in paragraph § 60.13(c) and calibration checks under
(1) Sulfur dioxide emissions are (h) of this section. § 60.13(d). Acceptable alternative
monitored at both the inlet and outlet of (2) For units that began construction, methods and procedures are given in
the SO2 control device. reconstruction, or modification after paragraph (j) of this section.
(2) For a facility that qualifies under February 28, 2005, the owner or (1) Methods 3B, 6, and 7 of appendix
the numerical limit provisions of operator shall obtain emission data for A of this part shall be used to determine
§ 60.43Da(d), (i), (j), or (k) SO2 emissions at least 90 percent of all operating hours O2, SO2, and NOX concentrations,
are only monitored as discharged to the for each 30 successive boiler operating respectively.
atmosphere. days. If this minimum data requirement (2) SO2 or NOX (NO), as applicable,
(3) An ‘‘as fired’’ fuel monitoring cannot be met with a CEMS, the owner shall be used for preparing the
system (upstream of coal pulverizers) or operator shall supplement emission calibration gas mixtures (in N2, as
meeting the requirements of Method 19 data with other monitoring systems applicable) under Performance
of appendix A of this part may be used approved by the Administrator or the Specification 2 of appendix B of this
to determine potential SO2 emissions in reference methods and procedures as part.
place of a continuous SO2 emission described in paragraph (h) of this (3) For affected facilities burning only
monitor at the inlet to the SO2 control section. fossil fuel, the span value for a CEMS
device as required under paragraph for measuring opacity is between 60 and
(g) The 1-hour averages required
(b)(1) of this section. 80 percent and for a CEMS measuring
under paragraph § 60.13(h) are
(c)(1) The owner or operator of an NOX is determined as follows:
expressed in ng/J (lb/MMBtu) heat input
affected facility shall install, calibrate,
and used to calculate the average
maintain, and operate a CEMS, and Fossil fuel Span values for
emission rates under § 60.48Da. The 1- NOX (ppm)
record the output of the system, for
hour averages are calculated using the
measuring NOX emissions discharged to
data points required under § 60.13(b). At Gas ............................. 500
the atmosphere; or
(2) If the owner or operator has least two data points must be used to Liquid .......................... 500
calculate the 1-hour averages. Solid ............................ 1,000
installed a NOX emission rate CEMS to Combination ............... 500(x + y) + 1,000z
meet the requirements of part 75 of this (h) When it becomes necessary to
chapter and is continuing to meet the supplement CEMS data to meet the
Where:
ongoing requirements of part 75 of this minimum data requirements in
x = Fraction of total heat input derived from
chapter, that CEMS may be used to meet paragraph (f) of this section, the owner gaseous fossil fuel,
the requirements of this section, except or operator shall use the reference y = Fraction of total heat input derived from
that the owner or operator shall also methods and procedures as specified in liquid fossil fuel, and
meet the requirements of § 60.51Da. this paragraph. Acceptable alternative z = Fraction of total heat input derived from
Data reported to meet the requirements methods and procedures are given in solid fossil fuel.
of § 60.51Da shall not include data paragraph (j) of this section. (4) All span values computed under
substituted using the missing data (1) Method 6 of appendix A of this paragraph (i)(3) of this section for
procedures in subpart D of part 75 of part shall be used to determine the SO2 burning combinations of fossil fuels are
this chapter, nor shall the data have concentration at the same location as rounded to the nearest 500 ppm.
been bias adjusted according to the the SO2 monitor. Samples shall be taken (5) For affected facilities burning
procedures of part 75 of this chapter. at 60-minute intervals. The sampling fossil fuel, alone or in combination with
(d) The owner or operator of an time and sample volume for each non-fossil fuel, the span value of the
affected facility shall install, calibrate, sample shall be at least 20 minutes and SO2 CEMS at the inlet to the SO2 control
maintain, and operate a CEMS, and 0.020 dscm (0.71 dscf). Each sample device is 125 percent of the maximum
record the output of the system, for represents a 1-hour average. estimated hourly potential emissions of
measuring the O2 or carbon dioxide (2) Method 7 of appendix A of this the fuel fired, and the outlet of the SO2
(CO2) content of the flue gases at each part shall be used to determine the NOX control device is 50 percent of
location where SO2 or NOX emissions concentration at the same location as maximum estimated hourly potential
are monitored. the NOX monitor. Samples shall be emissions of the fuel fired.
(e) The CEMS under paragraphs (b), taken at 30-minute intervals. The (j) The owner or operator may use the
(c), and (d) of this section are operated arithmetic average of two consecutive following as alternatives to the reference
and data recorded during all periods of samples represents a 1-hour average. methods and procedures specified in
operation of the affected facility (3) The emission rate correction this section:
including periods of startup, shutdown, factor, integrated bag sampling and (1) For Method 6 of appendix A of
malfunction or emergency conditions, analysis procedure of Method 3B of this part, Method 6A or 6B (whenever
except for CEMS breakdowns, repairs, appendix A of this part shall be used to Methods 6 and 3 or 3B of appendix A
calibration checks, and zero and span determine the O2 or CO2 concentration of this part data are used) or 6C of
adjustments. at the same location as the O2 or CO2 appendix A of this part may be used.
(f)(1) For units that began monitor. Samples shall be taken for at Each Method 6B of appendix A of this
construction, reconstruction, or least 30 minutes in each hour. Each part sample obtained over 24 hours
modification on or before February 28, sample represents a 1-hour average. represents 24 1-hour averages. If Method
2005, the owner or operator shall obtain (4) The procedures in Method 19 of 6A or 6B of appendix A of this part is
emission data for at least 18 hours in at appendix A of this part shall be used to used under paragraph (i) of this section,
least 22 out of 30 successive boiler compute each 1-hour average the conditions under § 60.48Da(d)(1)
apply; these conditions do not apply validated according to appendix B of (iii) The owner or operator shall use
under paragraph (h) of this section. part 75 of this chapter, may be used. all valid data points collected during the
(2) For Method 7 of appendix A of (n) Gas-fired and oil-fired units. The hour to calculate the hourly average Hg
this part, Method 7A, 7C, 7D, or 7E of owner or operator of an affected unit concentration.
appendix A of this part may be used. If that qualifies as a gas-fired or oil-fired (iv) The owner or operator must
Method 7C, 7D, or 7E of appendix A of unit, as defined in 40 CFR 72.2, may record the results of each required
this part is used, the sampling time for use, as an alternative to the certification and quality assurance test
each run shall be 1 hour. requirements specified in either of the CEMS.
(3) For Method 3 of appendix A of paragraph (l) or (m) of this section, a (4) Mercury CEMS data collection
this part, Method 3A or 3B of appendix fuel flow monitoring system certified must conform to paragraphs (p)(4)(i)
A of this part may be used if the and operated according to the through (iv) of this section.
sampling time is 1 hour. requirements of appendix D of part 75 (i) For each calendar month in which
(4) For Method 3B of appendix A of of this chapter. the affected unit operates, valid hourly
this part, Method 3A of appendix A of (o) The owner or operator of a duct Hg concentration data, stack gas
this part may be used. burner, as described in § 60.41Da, which volumetric flow rate data, moisture data
is subject to the NOX standards of (if required), and electrical output data
(k) The procedures specified in
§ 60.44Da(a)(1), (d)(1), or (e)(1) is not (i.e., valid data for all of these
paragraphs (k)(1) through (3) of this
required to install or operate a CEMS to parameters) shall be obtained for at least
section shall be used to determine gross
75 percent of the unit operating hours
output for sources demonstrating measure NOX emissions; a wattmeter to
in the month.
compliance with the output-based measure gross electrical output; meters
(ii) Data reported to meet the
standard under § 60.44Da(d)(1). to measure steam flow, temperature, and requirements of this subpart shall not
(1) The owner or operator of an pressure; and a continuous flow include hours of unit startup, shutdown,
affected facility with electricity monitoring system to measure the flow or malfunction. In addition, for an
generation shall install, calibrate, of exhaust gases discharged to the affected facility that is also subject to
maintain, and operate a wattmeter; atmosphere. subpart I of part 75 of this chapter, data
measure gross electrical output in MWh (p) The owner or operator of an reported to meet the requirements of
on a continuous basis; and record the affected facility demonstrating this subpart shall not include data
output of the monitor. compliance with an Hg limit in substituted using the missing data
(2) The owner or operator of an § 60.45Da shall install and operate a procedures in subpart D of part 75 of
affected facility with process steam CEMS to measure and record the this chapter, nor shall the data have
generation shall install, calibrate, concentration of Hg in the exhaust gases been bias adjusted according to the
maintain, and operate meters for steam from each stack according to the procedures of part 75 of this chapter.
flow, temperature, and pressure; requirements in paragraphs (p)(1) (iii) If valid data are obtained for less
measure gross process steam output in through (p)(3) of this section. than 75 percent of the unit operating
joules per hour (or Btu per hour) on a Alternatively, for an affected facility hours in a month, you must discard the
continuous basis; and record the output that is also subject to the requirements data collected in that month and replace
of the monitor. of subpart I of part 75 of this chapter, the data with the mean of the individual
(3) For affected facilities generating the owner or operator may install, monthly emission rate values
process steam in combination with certify, maintain, operate and quality- determined in the last 12 months. In the
electrical generation, the gross energy assure the data from a Hg CEMS 12-month rolling average calculation,
output is determined from the gross according to § 75.10 of this chapter and this substitute Hg emission rate shall be
electrical output measured in appendices A and B to part 75 of this weighted according to the number of
accordance with paragraph (k)(1) of this chapter, in lieu of following the unit operating hours in the month for
section plus 75 percent of the gross procedures in paragraphs (p)(1) through which the data capture requirement of
thermal output (measured relative to (p)(3) of this section. § 60.49Da(p)(4)(i) was not met.
ISO conditions) of the process steam (1) The owner or operator must (iv) Notwithstanding the requirements
measured in accordance with paragraph install, operate, and maintain each of paragraph (p)(4)(iii) of this section, if
(k)(2) of this section. CEMS according to Performance valid data are obtained for less than 75
(l) The owner or operator of an Specification 12A in appendix B to this percent of the unit operating hours in
affected facility demonstrating part. another month in that same 12-month
compliance with an output-based (2) The owner or operator must rolling average cycle, discard the data
standard under § 60.42Da, § 60.43Da, conduct a performance evaluation of collected in that month and replace the
§ 60.44Da, or § 60.45Da shall install, each CEMS according to the data with the highest individual
certify, operate, and maintain a requirements of § 60.13 and monthly emission rate determined in
continuous flow monitoring system Performance Specification 12A in the last 12 months. In the 12-month
meeting the requirements of appendix B to this part. rolling average calculation, this
Performance Specification 6 of (3) The owner or operator must substitute Hg emission rate shall be
appendix B and procedure 1 of operate each CEMS according to the weighted according to the number of
appendix F of this part, and record the requirements in paragraphs (p)(3)(i) unit operating hours in the month for
output of the system, for measuring the through (iv) of this section. which the data capture requirement of
flow of exhaust gases discharged to the (i) As specified in § 60.13(e)(2), each § 60.49Da(p)(4)(i) was not met.
atmosphere; or CEMS must complete a minimum of one (q) As an alternative to the CEMS
(m) Alternatively, data from a cycle of operation (sampling, analyzing, required in paragraph (p) of this section,
continuous flow monitoring system and data recording) for each successive the owner or operator may use a sorbent
certified according to the requirements 15-minute period. trap monitoring system (as defined in
of 40 CFR 75.20, meeting the applicable (ii) The owner or operator must § 72.2 of this chapter) to monitor Hg
quality control and quality assurance reduce CEMS data as specified in concentration, according to the
requirements of 40 CFR 75.21, and § 60.13(h). procedures described in § 75.15 of this
chapter and appendix K to part 75 of the requirements of paragraph (v) of this and procedures as specified in this
this chapter. section. section, except as provided in § 60.8(b).
(r) For Hg CEMS that measure Hg (u) An owner or operator of an Section 60.8(f) does not apply to this
concentration on a dry basis or for affected source that meets the section for SO2 and NOX. Acceptable
sorbent trap monitoring systems, the conditions in either paragraph (u)(1) or alternative methods are given in
emissions data must be corrected for the (2) of this section is exempted from the paragraph (e) of this section.
stack gas moisture content. A certified continuous opacity monitoring system (b) The owner or operator shall
continuous moisture monitoring system requirements in paragraph (a) of this determine compliance with the PM
that meets the requirements of § 75.11(b) section and the monitoring standards in § 60.42Da as follows:
of this chapter is acceptable for this requirements in § 60.48Da(o). (1) The dry basis F factor (O2)
purpose. Alternatively, the appropriate (1) A CEMS for measuring PM procedures in Method 19 of appendix A
default moisture value, as specified in emissions is used to demonstrate of this part shall be used to compute the
§ 75.11(b) or § 75.12(b) of this chapter, continuous compliance on a boiler emission rate of PM.
may be used. operating day average with the (2) For the particular matter
(s) The owner or operator shall emissions limitations under concentration, Method 5 of appendix A
prepare and submit to the Administrator § 60.42Da(a)(1) or § 60.42Da(c)(2) and is of this part shall be used at affected
for approval a unit-specific monitoring installed, certified, operated, and facilities without wet FGD systems and
plan for each monitoring system, at least maintained on the affected source Method 5B of appendix A of this part
45 days before commencing certification according to the requirements of shall be used after wet FGD systems.
testing of the monitoring systems. The paragraph (v) of this section; or (i) The sampling time and sample
owner or operator shall comply with the (2) The affected source burns only volume for each run shall be at least 120
requirements in your plan. The plan gaseous fuels and does not use a post minutes and 1.70 dscm (60 dscf). The
must address the requirements in combustion technology to reduce probe and filter holder heating system
paragraphs (s)(1) through (6) of this emissions of SO2 or PM. in the sampling train may be set to
section. (v) The owner or operator of an provide an average gas temperature of
(1) Installation of the CEMS sampling affected facility using a CEMS no greater than 160 ± 14 °C (320 ± 25
probe or other interface at a measuring PM emissions to meet °F).
measurement location relative to each requirements of this subpart shall (ii) For each particulate run, the
affected process unit such that the install, certify, operate, and maintain emission rate correction factor,
measurement is representative of the the CEMS as specified in paragraphs integrated or grab sampling and analysis
exhaust emissions (e.g., on or (v)(1) through (v)(3). procedures of Method 3B of appendix A
downstream of the last control device); (1) The owner or operator shall of this part shall be used to determine
(2) Performance and equipment conduct a performance evaluation of the the O2 concentration. The O2 sample
specifications for the sample interface, CEMS according to the applicable shall be obtained simultaneously with,
the pollutant concentration or requirements of § 60.13, Performance and at the same traverse points as, the
parametric signal analyzer, and the data Specification 11 in appendix B of this particulate run. If the particulate run
collection and reduction systems; part, and procedure 2 in appendix F of has more than 12 traverse points, the O2
this part. traverse points may be reduced to 12,
(3) Performance evaluation
(2) During each relative accuracy test provided that Method 1 of appendix A
procedures and acceptance criteria (e.g.,
run of the CEMS required by of this part is used to locate the 12 O2
calibrations, relative accuracy test
Performance Specification 11 in traverse points. If the grab sampling
audits (RATA), etc.);
appendix B of this part, PM and O2 (or procedure is used, the O2 concentration
(4) Ongoing operation and
CO2) data shall be collected for the run shall be the arithmetic mean
maintenance procedures in accordance
concurrently (or within a 30-to 60- of the sample O2 concentrations at all
with the general requirements of
minute period) by both the CEMS and traverse points.
§ 60.13(d) or part 75 of this chapter (as (3) Method 9 of appendix A of this
applicable); conducting performance tests using the
following test methods. part and the procedures in § 60.11 shall
(5) Ongoing data quality assurance be used to determine opacity.
(i) For PM, EPA Reference Method 5,
procedures in accordance with the (c) The owner or operator shall
5B, or 17 of appendix A of this part
general requirements of § 60.13 or part determine compliance with the SO2
shall be used.
75 of this chapter (as applicable); and (ii) For O2 (or CO2), EPA Reference standards in § 60.43Da as follows:
(6) Ongoing recordkeeping and Method 3, 3A, or 3B of appendix A of (1) The percent of potential SO2
reporting procedures in accordance with this part, as applicable, shall be used. emissions (%Ps) to the atmosphere shall
the requirements of this subpart. (3) Quarterly accuracy determinations be computed using the following
(t) The owner or operator of an and daily calibration drift tests shall be equation:
affected facility demonstrating performed in accordance with
compliance with the output-based procedure 2 in appendix F of this part. (100 − %R f ) (100 − %R g )
emissions limitation under Relative Response Audits must be %Ps =
§ 60.42Da(c)(1) shall install, certify, 100
performed annually and Response
operate, and maintain a CEMS for Correlation Audits must be performed Where:
measuring PM emissions according to every 3 years. %Ps = Percent of potential SO2 emissions,
the requirements of paragraph (v) of this percent;
section. An owner or operator of an § 60.50Da Compliance determination %Rf = Percent reduction from fuel
affected source demonstrating procedures and methods. pretreatment, percent; and

compliance with the input-based (a) In conducting the performance %Rg = Percent reduction by SO2 control
emission limitation under tests required in § 60.8, the owner or system, percent.
§ 60.42Da(c)(2) may install, certify, operator shall use as reference methods (2) The procedures in Method 19 of
operate, and maintain a CEMS for and procedures the methods in appendix A of this part may be used to
EP09FE07.019</MATH>
measuring PM emissions according to appendix A of this part or the methods determine percent reduction (%Rf) of
sulfur by such processes as fuel The SO2 and NOX emission rates from The average Hg emission rate is
pretreatment (physical coal cleaning, the gas turbine used in Method 19 of calculated for each month, and then the
hydrodesulfurization of fuel oil, etc.), appendix A of this part calculations are weighted, 12-month average Hg
coal pulverizers, and bottom and fly ash determined when the gas turbine is emission rate is calculated according to
interactions. This determination is performance tested under subpart GG of paragraph (h)(2) or (h)(3) of this section,
optional. this part. The potential uncontrolled PM as applicable. If, for any month in the
(3) The procedures in Method 19 of emission rate from a gas turbine is initial performance test, the minimum
appendix A of this part shall be used to defined as 17 ng/J (0.04 lb/MMBtu) heat data capture requirement in
determine the percent SO2 reduction input. § 60.49Da(p)(4)(i) is not met, the owner
(%Rg) of any SO2 control system. (g) For the purposes of determining or operator shall report a substitute Hg
Alternatively, a combination of an ‘‘as compliance with the emission limits in emission rate for that month, as follows.
fired’’ fuel monitor and emission rates § 60.45Da, the owner or operator of an For the first such month, the substitute
measured after the control system, electric utility steam generating unit monthly Hg emission rate shall be the
following the procedures in Method 19 which is also a cogeneration unit shall arithmetic average of all valid hourly Hg
of appendix A of this part, may be used use the procedures in paragraphs (g)(1) emission rates recorded to date. For any
if the percent reduction is calculated and (2) of this section to calculate subsequent month(s) with insufficient
using the average emission rate from the emission rates based on electrical data capture, the substitute monthly Hg
SO2 control device and the average SO2 output to the grid plus 75 percent of the emission rate shall be the highest valid
input rate from the ‘‘as fired’’ fuel equivalent electrical energy (measured hourly Hg emission rate recorded to
analysis for 30 successive boiler relative to ISO conditions) in the unit’s date. When the 12-month average Hg
operating days. process stream. emission rate for the initial performance
(4) The appropriate procedures in (1) All conversions from Btu/hr unit test is calculated, for each month in
Method 19 of appendix A of this part input to MW unit output must use which there was insufficient data
shall be used to determine the emission equivalents found in 40 CFR 60.40(a)(1) capture, the substitute monthly Hg
rate. for electric utilities (i.e., 250 MMBtu/hr emission rate shall be weighted
(5) The CEMS in § 60.49Da(b) and (d) input to an electric utility steam according to the number of unit
shall be used to determine the generating unit is equivalent to 73 MW operating hours in that month.
concentrations of SO2 and CO2 or O2. input to the electric utility steam Following the initial performance test,
(d) The owner or operator shall generating unit); 73 MW input to the the owner or operator shall demonstrate
determine compliance with the NOX electric utility steam generating unit is compliance by calculating the weighted
standard in § 60.44Da as follows: equivalent to 25 MW output from the average of all monthly Hg emission rates
(1) The appropriate procedures in boiler electric utility steam generating (in lb/MWh) for each 12 successive
Method 19 of appendix A of this part unit; therefore, 250 MMBtu input to the calendar months, excluding data
shall be used to determine the emission electric utility steam generating unit is obtained during startup, shutdown, or
rate of NOX. equivalent to 25 MW output from the malfunction.
(2) The continuous monitoring system electric utility steam generating unit).
in § 60.49Da(c) and (d) shall be used to (2) If a CEMS is used to demonstrate
(2) Use the Equation 5 in this section compliance, follow the procedures in
determine the concentrations of NOX to determine the cogeneration Hg
and CO2 or O2. paragraphs (h)(2)(i) through (iii) of this
emission rate over a specific compliance section to determine the 12-month
(e) The owner or operator may use the period.
following as alternatives to the reference rolling average.
methods and procedures specified in (i) Calculate the total mass of Hg
M
this section: E= (Eq. 5) emissions over a month (M), in lb, using
(1) For Method 5 or 5B of appendix (Vgrid + 0.75 × Vprocess ) either Equation 6 in paragraph
A of this part, Method 17 of appendix (h)(2)(i)(A) of this section or Equation 7
Where:
A of this part may be used at facilities in paragraph (h)(2)(i)(B) of this section,
ERcogen = Cogeneration Hg emission rate over in conjunction with Equation 8 in
with or without wet FGD systems if the a compliance period in lb/MWh;
stack temperature at the sampling E = Mass of Hg emitted from the stack over
paragraph (h)(2)(i)(C) of this section.
location does not exceed an average the same compliance period (lb); (A) If the Hg CEMS measures Hg
temperature of 160°C (320°F). The Vgrid = Amount of energy sent to the grid over concentration on a wet basis, use
procedures of §§ 2.1 and 2.3 of Method the same compliance period (MWh); and Equation 6 below to calculate the Hg
5B of appendix A of this part may be Vprocess = Amount of energy converted to mass emissions for each valid hour:
used in Method 17 of appendix A of this steam for process use over the same
part only if it is used after wet FGD compliance period (MWh). E = KCh Q h t h (Eq. 6)
systems. Method 17 of appendix A of (h) The owner or operator shall Where:
this part shall not be used after wet FGD determine compliance with the Hg limit
Eh = Hg mass emissions for the hour, (lb);
systems if the effluent is saturated or in § 60.45Da according to the K = Units conversion constant, 6.24 × 10¥11
laden with water droplets. procedures in paragraphs (h)(1) through lb-scm/µgm-scf;
(2) The Fc factor (CO2) procedures in (3) of this section. Ch = Hourly Hg concentration, wet basis,
Method 19 of appendix A of this part (1) The initial performance test shall (µgm/scm);
may be used to compute the emission be commenced by the applicable date Qh = Hourly stack gas volumetric flow rate,
rate of PM under the stipulations of specified in § 60.8(a). The required (scfh); and
§ 60.46(d)(1). The CO2 shall be CEMS must be certified prior to th = Unit operating time, i.e., the fraction of
EP09FE07.021</MATH>
determined in the same manner as the commencing the test. The performance the hour for which the unit operated. For
O2 concentration. test consists of collecting hourly Hg example, th = 0.50 for a half-hour of unit
(f) Electric utility combined cycle gas emission data (lb/MWh) with the CEMS operation and 1.00 for a full hour of
operation.
turbines are performance tested for PM, for 12 successive months of unit
SO2, and NOX using the procedures of operation (excluding hours of unit (B) If the Hg CEMS measures Hg
EP09FE07.020</MATH>
Method 19 of appendix A of this part. startup, shutdown and malfunction). concentration on a dry basis, use
Equation 7 below to calculate the Hg 12 (b) For SO2 and NOX the following
mass emissions for each valid hour: ∑ (ER
i =1
i × ni ) information is reported to the
E ave = (Eg. 10) Administrator for each 24-hour period.
E = KCh Q h t h (1 − Bws ) (Eg. 7) 12 (1) Calendar date.
Where:
∑n
i =1
1 (2) The average SO2 and NOX
emission rates (ng/J or lb/MMBtu) for
Eh = Hg mass emissions for the hour, (lb); Where: each 30 successive boiler operating
K = Units conversion constant, 6.24 × 10¥11 days, ending with the last 30-day period
Eavg = Weighted 12-month rolling average Hg
lb-scm/µgm-scf; in the quarter; reasons for non-
emission rate, (lb/MWh);
Ch = Hourly Hg concentration, dry basis, compliance with the emission
ERi = Monthly Hg emission rate, for month
(µgm/dscm);
‘‘i’’, (lb/MWh); and standards; and, description of corrective
Qh = Hourly stack gas volumetric flow rate,
n = Number of unit operating hours in month actions taken.
(scfh);
‘‘i’’ with valid CEM and electrical output (3) Percent reduction of the potential
th = Unit operating time, i.e., the fraction of
data, excluding hours of unit startup, combustion concentration of SO2 for
the hour for which the unit operated;
shutdown, and malfunction. each 30 successive boiler operating
and
Bws = Stack gas moisture content, expressed
days, ending with the last 30-day period
(3) If a sorbent trap monitoring system in the quarter; reasons for non-
as a decimal fraction (e.g., for 8 percent is used in lieu of a Hg CEMS, as
H2O, Bws = 0.08).
compliance with the standard; and,
described in § 75.15 of this chapter and description of corrective actions taken.
in appendix K to part 75 of this chapter, (4) Identification of the boiler
(C) Use Equation 8, below, to
calculate the monthly Hg emission rates operating days for which pollutant or
calculate M, the total mass of Hg
using Equations 7 through 9 of this diluent data have not been obtained by
emitted for the month, by summing the section, except that for a particular pair
hourly masses derived from Equation 6 an approved method for at least 75
of sorbent traps, Ch in Equation 7 shall percent of the hours of operation of the
or 7 (as applicable): be the flow-proportional average Hg facility; justification for not obtaining
n
concentration measured over the data sufficient data; and description of
M = ∑ Eh (Eg. 8) collection period. corrective actions taken.
h =1 (i) Daily calibration drift (CD) tests (5) Identification of the times when
Where: and quarterly accuracy determinations emissions data have been excluded from
shall be performed for Hg CEMS in the calculation of average emission rates
M = Total Hg mass emissions for the month,
accordance with Procedure 1 of because of startup, shutdown,
(lb);
Eh = Hg mass emissions for hour ‘‘h’’, from
appendix F to this part. For the CD malfunction (NOX only), emergency
Equation 6 or 7 of this section, (lb); and
assessments, you may use either conditions (SO2 only), or other reasons,
n = Number of unit operating hours in the
elemental mercury or mercuric chloride and justification for excluding data for
month with valid CE and electrical (Hg° or HgCl2) standards. The four reasons other than startup, shutdown,
output data, excluding hours of unit quarterly accuracy determinations shall malfunction, or emergency conditions.
startup, shutdown and malfunction. consist of one RATA and three (6) Identification of ‘‘F’’ factor used
measurement error (ME) tests using for calculations, method of
(ii) Calculate the monthly Hg HgCl2 standards, as described in section determination, and type of fuel
emission rate on an output basis (lb/ 8.3 of Performance Specification 12–A combusted.
MWh) using Equation 9, below. For a in appendix B to this part (note: Hg° (7) Identification of times when
cogeneration unit, use Equation 5 in standards may be used if the Hg monitor hourly averages have been obtained
paragraph (g) of this section instead. does not have a converter). based on manual sampling methods.
Alternatively, the owner or operator (8) Identification of the times when
M may implement the applicable daily, the pollutant concentration exceeded
ER = (Eg. 9) weekly, quarterly, and annual quality full span of the CEMS.
P assurance (QA) requirements for Hg (9) Description of any modifications
Where: CEMS in appendix B to part 75 of this to CEMS which could affect the ability
ER = Monthly Hg emission rate, (lb/MWh); chapter, in lieu of the QA procedures in of the CEMS to comply with
M = Total mass of Hg emissions for the appendices B and F to this part. Annual Performance Specifications 2 or 3.
month, from Equation 8, above, (lb); and RATA of sorbent trap monitoring (c) If the minimum quantity of
P = Total electrical output for the month, for systems shall be performed in emission data as required by § 60.49Da
the hours used to calculate M, (MWh). accordance with appendices A and B to
EP09FE07.025</MATH>
is not obtained for any 30 successive
part 75 of this chapter, and all other boiler operating days, the following
(iii) Until 12 monthly Hg emission quality assurance requirements information obtained under the
rates have been accumulated, calculate specified in appendix K to part 75 of requirements of § 60.48Da(h) is reported
and report only the monthly averages. this chapter shall be met for sorbent trap to the Administrator for that 30-day
Then, for each subsequent calendar monitoring systems.
EP09FE07.024</MATH>
period:
month, use Equation 10 below to (1) The number of hourly averages
calculate the 12-month rolling average § 60.51Da Reporting requirements.
available for outlet emission rates (no)
as a weighted average of the Hg (a) For SO2, NOX, PM, and Hg and inlet emission rates (ni) as
emission rate for the current month and emissions, the performance test data applicable.
EP09FE07.023</MATH>
the Hg emission rates for the previous from the initial and subsequent (2) The standard deviation of hourly
11 months, with one exception. performance test and from the averages for outlet emission rates (so)
Calendar months in which the unit does performance evaluation of the and inlet emission rates (si) as
not operate (zero unit operating hours) continuous monitors (including the applicable.
shall not be included in the 12-month transmissometer) are submitted to the (3) The lower confidence limit for the
EP09FE07.022</MATH>
rolling average. Administrator. mean outlet emission rate (Eo*) and the
upper confidence limit for the mean (3) The applicable Hg emission limit with the permitting authority. The
inlet emission rate (Ei*) as applicable. (lb/MWh); and electronic report(s) shall be submitted
(4) The applicable potential (4) For each month in the reporting no later than 30 days after the end of the
combustion concentration. period: calendar quarter and shall be
(5) The ratio of the upper confidence (i) The number of unit operating accompanied by a certification
limit for the mean outlet emission rate hours; statement from the owner or operator,
(Eo*) and the allowable emission rate (ii) The number of unit operating indicating whether compliance with the
(Estd) as applicable. hours with valid data for Hg applicable emission standards and
(d) If any standards under § 60.43Da concentration, stack gas flow rate,
are exceeded during emergency minimum data requirements of this
moisture (if required), and electrical subpart was achieved during the
conditions because of control system output;
malfunction, the owner or operator of reporting period. Before submitting
(iii) The monthly Hg emission rate reports in the electronic format, the
the affected facility shall submit a (lb/MWh);
signed statement: owner or operator shall coordinate with
(iv) The number of hours of valid data
(1) Indicating if emergency conditions the permitting authority to obtain their
excluded from the calculation of the
existed and requirements under agreement to submit reports in this
monthly Hg emission rate, due to unit
§ 60.48Da(d) were met during each alternative format.
startup, shutdown and malfunction; and
period, and (v) The 12-month rolling average Hg
(2) Listing the following information: § 60.52Da Recordkeeping requirements.
(i) Time periods the emergency emission rate (lb/MWh); and
(5) The data assessment report (DAR) The owner or operator of an affected
condition existed; facility subject to the emissions
(ii) Electrical output and demand on required by appendix F to this part, or
an equivalent summary of QA test limitations in § 60.45Da shall provide
the owner or operator’s electric utility notifications in accordance with
system and the affected facility; results if the QA of part 75 of this
(iii) Amount of power purchased from chapter are implemented. § 60.7(a) and shall maintain records of
interconnected neighboring utility (h) The owner or operator of the all information needed to demonstrate
companies during the emergency affected facility shall submit a signed compliance including performance
period; statement indicating whether: tests, monitoring data, fuel analyses,
(iv) Percent reduction in emissions (1) The required CEMS calibration, and calculations, consistent with the
achieved; span, and drift checks or other periodic requirements of § 60.7(f).
(v) Atmospheric emission rate (ng/J) audits have or have not been performed
of the pollutant discharged; and as specified. Subpart Db—[Amended]
(vi) Actions taken to correct control (2) The data used to show compliance
system malfunction. was or was not obtained in accordance 5. Subpart Db is revised to read as
(e) If fuel pretreatment credit toward with approved methods and procedures follows:
the SO2 emission standard under of this part and is representative of plant
§ 60.43Da is claimed, the owner or performance. Subpart Db—Standards of
operator of the affected facility shall (3) The minimum data requirements Performance for Industrial-
submit a signed statement: have or have not been met; or, the Commercial-Institutional Steam
(1) Indicating what percentage minimum data requirements have not Generating Units
cleaning credit was taken for the been met for errors that were
calendar quarter, and whether the credit Sec.
unavoidable. 60.40b Applicability and delegation of
was determined in accordance with the (4) Compliance with the standards has
provisions of § 60.50Da and Method 19 authority.
or has not been achieved during the 60.41b Definitions.
of appendix A of this part; and reporting period.
(2) Listing the quantity, heat content, 60.42b Standard for sulfur dioxide (SO2).
(i) For the purposes of the reports 60.43b Standard for particulate matter (PM).
and date each pretreated fuel shipment
required under § 60.7, periods of excess 60.44b Standard for nitrogen oxides (NOX).
was received during the previous
emissions are defined as all 6-minute 60.45b Compliance and performance test
quarter; the name and location of the
periods during which the average methods and procedures for sulfur
fuel pretreatment facility; and the total
opacity exceeds the applicable opacity dioxide.
quantity and total heat content of all
standards under § 60.42Da(b). Opacity 60.46b Compliance and performance test
fuels received at the affected facility
levels in excess of the applicable methods and procedures for particulate
during the previous quarter.
(f) For any periods for which opacity, opacity standard and the date of such matter and nitrogen oxides.
SO2 or NOX emissions data are not excesses are to be submitted to the 60.47b Emission monitoring for sulfur
available, the owner or operator of the Administrator each calendar quarter. dioxide.
affected facility shall submit a signed (j) The owner or operator of an 60.48b Emission monitoring for particulate
statement indicating if any changes affected facility shall submit the written matter and nitrogen oxides.
were made in operation of the emission reports required under this section and 60.49b Reporting and recordkeeping
control system during the period of data subpart A to the Administrator requirements.
unavailability. Operations of the control semiannually for each six-month period.
All semiannual reports shall be Subpart Db—Standards of
system and affected facility during
postmarked by the 30th day following Performance for Industrial-
periods of data unavailability are to be
the end of each six-month period. Commercial-Institutional Steam
compared with operation of the control
(k) The owner or operator of an Generating Units
system and affected facility before and
affected facility may submit electronic
following the period of data § 60.40b Applicability and delegation of
quarterly reports for SO2 and/or NOX

unavailability. authority.
(g) For Hg, the following information and/or opacity and/or Hg in lieu of
shall be reported to the Administrator: submitting the written reports required (a) The affected facility to which this
(1) Company name and address; under paragraphs (b), (g), and (i) of this subpart applies is each steam generating
(2) Date of report and beginning and section. The format of each quarterly unit that commences construction,
ending dates of the reporting period; electronic report shall be coordinated modification, or reconstruction after
June 19, 1984, and that has a heat input steam generating unit is not subject to Byproduct/waste means any liquid or
capacity from fuels combusted in the this subpart. gaseous substance produced at chemical
steam generating unit of greater than 29 (g) In delegating implementation and manufacturing plants, petroleum
megawatts (MW) (100 million British enforcement authority to a State under refineries, or pulp and paper mills
thermal units per hour (MMBtu/hr)). section 111(c) of the Clean Air Act, the (except natural gas, distillate oil, or
(b) Any affected facility meeting the following authorities shall be retained residual oil) and combusted in a steam
applicability requirements under by the Administrator and not transferred generating unit for heat recovery or for
paragraph (a) of this section and to a State. disposal. Gaseous substances with
commencing construction, modification, (1) Section 60.44b(f). carbon dioxide (CO2) levels greater than
or reconstruction after June 19, 1984, (2) Section 60.44b(g). 50 percent or carbon monoxide levels
but on or before June 19, 1986, is subject (3) Section 60.49b(a)(4). greater than 10 percent are not
to the following standards: (h) Any affected facility that meets the byproduct/waste for the purpose of this
(1) Coal-fired affected facilities having applicability requirements and is subpart.
a heat input capacity between 29 and 73 subject to subpart Ea, subpart Eb, or Chemical manufacturing plants mean
MW (100 and 250 MMBtu/hr), subpart AAAA of this part is not industrial plants that are classified by
inclusive, are subject to the particulate covered by this subpart. the Department of Commerce under
matter (PM) and nitrogen oxides (NOX) (i) Heat recovery steam generators that Standard Industrial Classification (SIC)
standards under this subpart. are associated with combined cycle gas Code 28.
(2) Coal-fired affected facilities having turbines and that meet the applicability Coal means all solid fuels classified as
a heat input capacity greater than 73 requirements of subpart GG or KKKK of anthracite, bituminous, subbituminous,
MW (250 MMBtu/hr) and meeting the this part are not subject to this subpart. or lignite by the American Society of
applicability requirements under This subpart will continue to apply to Testing and Materials in ASTM D388
subpart D (Standards of performance for all other heat recovery steam generators (incorporated by reference, see § 60.17),
fossil-fuel-fired steam generators; that are capable of combusting more coal refuse, and petroleum coke. Coal-
§ 60.40) are subject to the PM and NOX than 29 MW (100 MMBtu/hr) heat input derived synthetic fuels, including but
standards under this subpart and to the of fossil fuel. If the heat recovery steam not limited to solvent refined coal,
sulfur dioxide (SO2) standards under generator is subject to this subpart, only gasified coal, coal-oil mixtures, coke
subpart D (§ 60.43). emissions resulting from combustion of oven gas, and coal-water mixtures, are
fuels in the steam generating unit are also included in this definition for the
(3) Oil-fired affected facilities having
subject to this subpart. (The gas turbine purposes of this subpart.
a heat input capacity between 29 and 73
emissions are subject to subpart GG or Coal refuse means any byproduct of
MW (100 and 250 MMBtu/hr),
KKKK, as applicable, of this part.) coal mining or coal cleaning operations
inclusive, are subject to the NOX
(j) Any affected facility meeting the with an ash content greater than 50
standards under this subpart.
applicability requirements under percent, by weight, and a heating value
(4) Oil-fired affected facilities having
paragraph (a) of this section and less than 13,900 kJ/kg (6,000 Btu/lb) on
a heat input capacity greater than 73
commencing construction, modification, a dry basis.
MW (250 MMBtu/hr) and meeting the
or reconstruction after June 19, 1986 is Cogeneration, also known as
applicability requirements under
not subject to subpart D (Standards of combined heat and power, means a
subpart D (Standards of performance for
Performance for Fossil-Fuel-Fired Steam facility that simultaneously produces
fossil-fuel-fired steam generators;
Generators, § 60.40). both electric (or mechanical) and useful
§ 60.40) are also subject to the NOX (k) Any affected facility that meets the thermal energy from the same primary
standards under this subpart and the applicability requirements and is energy source.
PM and SO2 standards under subpart D subject to an EPA approved State or Coke oven gas means the volatile
(§ 60.42 and § 60.43). Federal section 111(d)/129 plan constituents generated in the gaseous
(c) Affected facilities that also meet implementing subpart Cb or subpart exhaust during the carbonization of
the applicability requirements under BBBB of this part is not covered by this bituminous coal to form coke.
subpart J (Standards of performance for subpart. Combined cycle system means a
petroleum refineries; § 60.104) are system in which a separate source, such
subject to the PM and NOX standards § 60.41b Definitions. as a gas turbine, internal combustion
under this subpart and the SO2 As used in this subpart, all terms not engine, kiln, etc., provides exhaust gas
standards under subpart J (§ 60.104). defined herein shall have the meaning to a steam generating unit.
(d) Affected facilities that also meet given them in the Clean Air Act and in Conventional technology means wet
the applicability requirements under subpart A of this part. flue gas desulfurization (FGD)
subpart E (Standards of performance for Annual capacity factor means the technology, dry FGD technology,
incinerators; § 60.50) are subject to the ratio between the actual heat input to a atmospheric fluidized bed combustion
NOX and PM standards under this steam generating unit from the fuels technology, and oil
subpart. listed in § 60.42b(a), § 60.43b(a), or hydrodesulfurization technology.
(e) Steam generating units meeting the § 60.44b(a), as applicable, during a Distillate oil means fuel oils that
applicability requirements under calendar year and the potential heat contain 0.05 weight percent nitrogen or
subpart Da (Standards of performance input to the steam generating unit had less and comply with the specifications
for electric utility steam generating it been operated for 8,760 hours during for fuel oil numbers 1 and 2, as defined
units; § 60.40Da) are not subject to this a calendar year at the maximum steady by the American Society of Testing and
subpart. state design heat input capacity. In the Materials in ASTM D396 (incorporated
(f) Any change to an existing steam case of steam generating units that are by reference, see § 60.17).
generating unit for the sole purpose of rented or leased, the actual heat input Dry flue gas desulfurization
combusting gases containing total shall be determined based on the technology means a SO2 control system
reduced sulfur (TRS) as defined under combined heat input from all operations that is located downstream of the steam
§ 60.281 is not considered a of the affected facility in a calendar generating unit and removes sulfur
modification under § 60.14 and the year. oxides from the combustion gases of the
steam generating unit by contacting the Heat input means heat derived from Oil means crude oil or petroleum or
combustion gases with an alkaline combustion of fuel in a steam generating a liquid fuel derived from crude oil or
slurry or solution and forming a dry unit and does not include the heat petroleum, including distillate and
powder material. This definition derived from preheated combustion air, residual oil.
includes devices where the dry powder recirculated flue gases, or exhaust gases Petroleum refinery means industrial
material is subsequently converted to from other sources, such as gas turbines, plants as classified by the Department of
another form. Alkaline slurries or internal combustion engines, kilns, etc. Commerce under Standard Industrial
solutions used in dry flue gas Heat release rate means the steam Classification (SIC) Code 29.
desulfurization technology include but generating unit design heat input Potential sulfur dioxide emission rate
are not limited to lime and sodium. capacity (in MW or Btu/hr) divided by means the theoretical SO2 emissions
Duct burner means a device that the furnace volume (in cubic meters or (nanograms per joule (ng/J) or lb/
combusts fuel and that is placed in the cubic feet); the furnace volume is that MMBtu heat input) that would result
exhaust duct from another source, such volume bounded by the front furnace from combusting fuel in an uncleaned
as a stationary gas turbine, internal wall where the burner is located, the state and without using emission
combustion engine, kiln, etc., to allow furnace side waterwall, and extending control systems.
the firing of additional fuel to heat the to the level just below or in front of the Process heater means a device that is
exhaust gases before the exhaust gases first row of convection pass tubes. primarily used to heat a material to
enter a steam generating unit. Heat transfer medium means any initiate or promote a chemical reaction
Emerging technology means any SO2 material that is used to transfer heat in which the material participates as a
control system that is not defined as a from one point to another point. reactant or catalyst.
High heat release rate means a heat Pulp and paper mills means
conventional technology under this
release rate greater than 730,000 J/sec– industrial plants that are classified by
section, and for which the owner or
m3 (70,000 Btu/hr–ft3). the Department of Commerce under
operator of the facility has applied to
ISO Conditions means a temperature North American Industry Classification
the Administrator and received
of 288 Kelvin, a relative humidity of 60 System (NAICS) Code 322 or Standard
approval to operate as an emerging
percent, and a pressure of 101.3 Industrial Classification (SIC) Code 26.
technology under § 60.49b(a)(4).
kilopascals. Pulverized coal-fired steam generating
Federally enforceable means all unit means a steam generating unit in
Lignite means a type of coal classified
limitations and conditions that are which pulverized coal is introduced
as lignite A or lignite B by the American
enforceable by the Administrator, into an air stream that carries the coal
Society of Testing and Materials in
including the requirements of 40 CFR to the combustion chamber of the steam
ASTM D388 (incorporated by reference,
parts 60 and 61, requirements within generating unit where it is fired in
see § 60.17).
any applicable State Implementation suspension. This includes both
Low heat release rate means a heat
Plan, and any permit requirements conventional pulverized coal-fired and
release rate of 730,000 J/sec–m3 (70,000
established under 40 CFR 52.21 or micropulverized coal-fired steam
Btu/hr–ft3) or less.
under 40 CFR 51.18 and 51.24. Mass-feed stoker steam generating generating units.
Fluidized bed combustion technology unit means a steam generating unit Residual oil means crude oil, fuel oil
means combustion of fuel in a bed or where solid fuel is introduced directly numbers 1 and 2 that have a nitrogen
series of beds (including but not limited into a retort or is fed directly onto a content greater than 0.05 weight
to bubbling bed units and circulating grate where it is combusted. percent, and all fuel oil numbers 4, 5
bed units) of limestone aggregate (or Maximum heat input capacity means and 6, as defined by the American
other sorbent materials) in which these the ability of a steam generating unit to Society of Testing and Materials in
materials are forced upward by the flow combust a stated maximum amount of ASTM D396 (incorporated by reference,
of combustion air and the gaseous fuel on a steady state basis, as see § 60.17).
products of combustion. determined by the physical design and Spreader stoker steam generating unit
Fuel pretreatment means a process characteristics of the steam generating means a steam generating unit in which
that removes a portion of the sulfur in unit. solid fuel is introduced to the
a fuel before combustion of the fuel in Municipal-type solid waste means combustion zone by a mechanism that
a steam generating unit. refuse, more than 50 percent of which throws the fuel onto a grate from above.
Full capacity means operation of the is waste consisting of a mixture of Combustion takes place both in
steam generating unit at 90 percent or paper, wood, yard wastes, food wastes, suspension and on the grate.
more of the maximum steady-state plastics, leather, rubber, and other Steam generating unit means a device
design heat input capacity. combustible materials, and that combusts any fuel or byproduct/
Gaseous fuel means any fuel that is noncombustible materials such as glass waste and produces steam or heats
present as a gas at ISO conditions. and rock. water or any other heat transfer
Gross output means the gross useful Natural gas means: (1) A naturally medium. This term includes any
work performed by the steam generated. occurring mixture of hydrocarbon and municipal-type solid waste incinerator
For units generating only electricity, the nonhydrocarbon gases found in geologic with a heat recovery steam generating
gross useful work performed is the gross formations beneath the earth’s surface, unit or any steam generating unit that
electrical output from the turbine/ of which the principal constituent is combusts fuel and is part of a
generator set. For cogeneration units, methane; or (2) liquefied petroleum gas, cogeneration system or a combined
the gross useful work performed is the as defined by the American Society for cycle system. This term does not
gross electrical or mechanical output Testing and Materials in ASTM D1835 include process heaters as they are
plus 75 percent of the useful thermal (incorporated by reference, see § 60.17). defined in this subpart.
output measured relative to ISO Noncontinental area means the State Steam generating unit operating day
conditions that is not used to generate of Hawaii, the Virgin Islands, Guam, means a 24-hour period between 12:00
additional electrical or mechanical American Samoa, the Commonwealth of midnight and the following midnight
output (i.e., steam delivered to an Puerto Rico, or the Northern Mariana during which any fuel is combusted at
industrial process). Islands. any time in the steam generating unit.
It is not necessary for fuel to be (K a H a + K b H b ) Hd = Heat input from the combustion of oil,
combusted continuously for the entire Es = in J (MMBtu).
24-hour period. (K a H b )
Only the heat input supplied to the
Very low sulfur oil means for units Where: affected facility from the combustion of
constructed, reconstructed, or modified Es = SO2 emission limit, in ng/J or lb/ coal and oil is counted under this
on or before February 28, 2005, an oil MM Btu heat input; section. No credit is provided for the
that contains no more than 0.5 weight Ka = 520 ng/J (or 1.2 lb/MMBtu); heat input to the affected facility from
percent sulfur or that, when combusted Kb = 340 ng/J (or 0.80 lb/MMBtu); the combustion of natural gas, wood,
without SO2 emission control, has a SO2 Ha = Heat input from the combustion of municipal-type solid waste, or other
emission rate equal to or less than 215 coal, in J (MMBtu); and fuels, or from the heat input derived
ng/J (0.5 lb/MMBtu) heat input. For Hb = Heat input from the combustion of from exhaust gases from other sources,
units constructed, reconstructed, or oil, in J (MMBtu). such as gas turbines, internal
modified after February 28, 2005, very combustion engines, kilns, etc.
Only the heat input supplied to the
low sulfur oil means an oil that contains (d) On and after the date on which the
affected facility from the combustion of
no more than 0.3 weight percent sulfur performance test is completed or
coal and oil is counted under this
or that, when combusted without SO2 required to be completed under § 60.8,
section. No credit is provided for the
emission control, has a SO2 emission whichever comes first, no owner or
heat input to the affected facility from
rate equal to or less than 140 ng/J (0.32 operator of an affected facility that
the combustion of natural gas, wood,
lb/MMBtu) heat input. commenced construction,
municipal-type solid waste, or other
reconstruction, or modification on or
Wet flue gas desulfurization fuels or heat derived from exhaust gases
before February 28, 2005 and listed in
technology means a SO2 control system from other sources, such as gas turbines,
paragraphs (d)(1), (2), (3), or (4) of this
that is located downstream of the steam internal combustion engines, kilns, etc.
section shall cause to be discharged into
generating unit and removes sulfur (b) On and after the date on which the
the atmosphere any gases that contain
oxides from the combustion gases of the performance test is completed or
SO2 in excess of 520 ng/J (1.2 lb/
steam generating unit by contacting the required to be completed under § 60.8,
MMBtu) heat input if the affected
combustion gas with an alkaline slurry whichever date comes first, no owner or
facility combusts coal, or 215 ng/J (0.5
or solution and forming a liquid operator of an affected facility that
lb/MMBtu) heat input if the affected
material. This definition applies to commenced construction,
facility combusts oil other than very low
devices where the aqueous liquid reconstruction, or modification on or
sulfur oil. Percent reduction
material product of this contact is before February 28, 2005, that combusts
requirements are not applicable to
subsequently converted to other forms. coal refuse alone in a fluidized bed
affected facilities under paragraphs
Alkaline reagents used in wet flue gas combustion steam generating unit shall
(d)(1), (2), (3) or (4) of this section.
desulfurization technology include, but cause to be discharged into the
(1) Affected facilities that have an
are not limited to, lime, limestone, and atmosphere any gases that contain SO2
annual capacity factor for coal and oil
sodium. in excess of 87 ng/J (0.20 lb/MMBtu) or
of 30 percent (0.30) or less and are
20 percent (0.20) of the potential SO2
Wet scrubber system means any subject to a federally enforceable permit
emission rate (80 percent reduction) and
emission control device that mixes an limiting the operation of the affected
520 ng/J (1.2 lb/MMBtu) heat input. If
aqueous stream or slurry with the facility to an annual capacity factor for
coal or oil is fired with coal refuse, the
exhaust gases from a steam generating coal and oil of 30 percent (0.30) or less;
affected facility is subject to paragraph
unit to control emissions of PM or SO2. (2) Affected facilities located in a
(a) or (d) of this section, as applicable.
noncontinental area; or
Wood means wood, wood residue, (c) On and after the date on which the
(3) Affected facilities combusting coal
bark, or any derivative fuel or residue performance test is completed or is
or oil, alone or in combination with any
thereof, in any form, including, but not required to be completed under § 60.8,
fuel, in a duct burner as part of a
limited to, sawdust, sanderdust, wood whichever comes first, no owner or
combined cycle system where 30
chips, scraps, slabs, millings, shavings, operator of an affected facility that
percent (0.30) or less of the heat
and processed pellets made from wood combusts coal or oil, either alone or in
entering the steam generating unit is
or other forest residues. combination with any other fuel, and
from combustion of coal and oil in the
that uses an emerging technology for the
§ 60.42b Standard for sulfur dioxide (SO2). duct burner and 70 percent (0.70) or
control of SO2 emissions, shall cause to
more of the heat entering the steam
(a) Except as provided in paragraphs be discharged into the atmosphere any
generating unit is from the exhaust gases
(b), (c), (d), or (k) of this section, on and gases that contain SO2 in excess of 50
entering the duct burner; or
after the date on which the performance percent of the potential SO2 emission
(4) The affected facility burns coke
test is completed or required to be rate (50 percent reduction) and that
oven gas alone or in combination with
completed under § 60.8, whichever contain SO2 in excess of the emission
natural gas or very low sulfur distillate
comes first, no owner or operator of an limit determined according to the
oil.
affected facility that commenced following formula:
(e) Except as provided in paragraph (f)
construction, reconstruction, or of this section, compliance with the
modification on or before February 28, (K c H c + K d H d )
Es = emission limits, fuel oil sulfur limits,
2005, that combusts coal or oil shall (K c + H d ) and/or percent reduction requirements
cause to be discharged into the under this section are determined on a
Where:
EP09FE07.027</MATH>
atmosphere any gases that contain SO2 30-day rolling average basis.
Es = SO2 emission limit, in ng/J or lb/MMBtu
in excess of 87 ng/J (0.20 lb/MMBtu) or heat input;
(f) Except as provided in paragraph
10 percent (0.10) of the potential SO2 Kc = 260 ng/J (or 1.2 lb/MMBtu); (j)(2) of this section, compliance with
emission rate (90 percent reduction) and Kd = 170 ng/J (or 0.80 lb/MMBtu); the emission limits or fuel oil sulfur
the emission limit determined according Hc = Heat input from the combustion of coal, limits under this section is determined
EP09FE07.026</MATH>
to the following formula: in J (MMBtu); and on a 24-hour average basis for affected
facilities that (1) have a federally with a potential SO2 emission rate of factor of 30 percent (0.30) or less for
enforceable permit limiting the annual 140 ng/J (0.32 lb/MMBtu) heat input or coal or coal and other solid fuels, and
capacity factor for oil to 10 percent or less are exempt from the SO2 emissions (iv) Construction of the affected
less, (2) combust only very low sulfur limit in paragraph 60.42b(k)(1). facility commenced after June 19, 1984,
oil, and (3) do not combust any other (3) Units that are located in a and before November 25, 1986.
fuel. noncontinental area and that combust (4) An affected facility burning coke
(g) Except as provided in paragraph (i) coal or oil shall not discharge any gases oven gas alone or in combination with
of this section, the SO2 emission limits that contain SO2 in excess of 520 ng/J other fuels not subject to a PM standard
and percent reduction requirements (1.2 lb/MMBtu) heat input if the affected under § 60.43b and not using a post
under this section apply at all times, facility combusts coal, or 215 ng/J (0.50 combustion technology (except a wet
including periods of startup, shutdown, lb/MMBtu) heat input if the affected scrubber) for reducing PM or SO2
and malfunction. facility combusts oil. emissions is not subject to the PM limits
(h) Reductions in the potential SO2 (4) As an alternative to meeting the under § 60.43b(a).
emission rate through fuel pretreatment requirements under paragraph (k)(1) of (b) On and after the date on which the
are not credited toward the percent this section, modified facilities that performance test is completed or
reduction requirement under paragraph combust coal or a mixture of coal with required to be completed under § 60.8,
(c) of this section unless: other fuels shall not cause to be whichever comes first, no owner or
(1) Fuel pretreatment results in a 50 discharged into the atmosphere any operator of an affected facility that
percent or greater reduction in potential gases that contain SO2 in excess of 87 commenced construction,
SO2 emissions and ng/J (0.20 lb/MMBtu) heat input or 10 reconstruction, or modification on or
(2) Emissions from the pretreated fuel percent (0.10) of the potential SO2 before February 28, 2005, and that
(without combustion or post emission rate (90 percent reduction) and combusts oil (or mixtures of oil with
combustion SO2 control) are equal to or 520 ng/J (1.2 lb/MMBtu) heat input. other fuels) and uses a conventional or
less than the emission limits specified emerging technology to reduce SO2
in paragraph (c) of this section. § 60.43b Standard for particulate matter emissions shall cause to be discharged
(i) An affected facility subject to (PM). into the atmosphere from that affected
paragraph (a), (b), or (c) of this section (a) On and after the date on which the facility any gases that contain PM in
may combust very low sulfur oil or initial performance test is completed or excess of 43 ng/J (0.10 lb/MMBtu) heat
natural gas when the SO2 control system is required to be completed under input.
is not being operated because of § 60.8, whichever comes first, no owner (c) On and after the date on which the
malfunction or maintenance of the SO2 or operator of an affected facility that initial performance test is completed or
control system. commenced construction, is required to be completed under
(j) Percent reduction requirements are reconstruction, or modification on or § 60.8, whichever comes first, no owner
not applicable to affected facilities before February 28, 2005 that combusts or operator of an affected facility that
combusting only very low sulfur oil. coal or combusts mixtures of coal with commenced construction,
The owner or operator of an affected other fuels, shall cause to be discharged reconstruction, or modification on or
facility combusting very low sulfur oil into the atmosphere from that affected before February 28, 2005, and that
shall demonstrate that the oil meets the facility any gases that contain PM in combusts wood, or wood with other
definition of very low sulfur oil by: (1) excess of the following emission limits: fuels, except coal, shall cause to be
Following the performance testing (1) 22 ng/J (0.051 lb/MMBtu) heat discharged from that affected facility
procedures as described in § 60.45b(c) input, any gases that contain PM in excess of
or § 60.45b(d), and following the (i) If the affected facility combusts the following emission limits:
monitoring procedures as described in only coal, or (1) 43 ng/J (0.10 lb/MMBtu) heat input
§ 60.47b(a) or § 60.47b(b) to determine (ii) If the affected facility combusts if the affected facility has an annual
SO2 emission rate or fuel oil sulfur coal and other fuels and has an annual capacity factor greater than 30 percent
content; or (2) maintaining fuel records capacity factor for the other fuels of 10 (0.30) for wood.
as described in § 60.49b(r). percent (0.10) or less. (2) 86 ng/J (0.20 lb/MMBtu) heat input
(k)(1) Except as provided in (2) 43 ng/J (0.10 lb/MMBtu) heat input if
paragraphs (k)(2), (k)(3), and (k)(4) of if the affected facility combusts coal and (i) The affected facility has an annual
this section, on and after the date on other fuels and has an annual capacity capacity factor of 30 percent (0.30) or
which the initial performance test is factor for the other fuels greater than 10 less for wood;
completed or is required to be percent (0.10) and is subject to a (ii) Is subject to a federally
completed under § 60.8, whichever date federally enforceable requirement enforceable requirement limiting
comes first, no owner or operator of an limiting operation of the affected facility operation of the affected facility to an
affected facility that commences to an annual capacity factor greater than annual capacity factor of 30 percent
construction, reconstruction, or 10 percent (0.10) for fuels other than (0.30) or less for wood; and
modification after February 28, 2005, coal. (iii) Has a maximum heat input
and that combusts coal, oil, natural gas, (3) 86 ng/J (0.20 lb/MMBtu) heat input capacity of 73 MW (250 MMBtu/hr) or
a mixture of these fuels, or a mixture of if the affected facility combusts coal or less.
these fuels with any other fuels shall coal and other fuels and (d) On and after the date on which the
cause to be discharged into the (i) Has an annual capacity factor for initial performance test is completed or
atmosphere any gases that contain SO2 coal or coal and other fuels of 30 is required to be completed under
in excess of 87 ng/J (0.20 lb/MMBtu) percent (0.30) or less, § 60.8, whichever date comes first, no
heat input or 8 percent (0.08) of the (ii) Has a maximum heat input owner or operator of an affected facility
potential SO2 emission rate (92 percent capacity of 73 MW (250 MMBtu/hr) or that combusts municipal-type solid
reduction) and 520 ng/J (1.2 lb/MMBtu) less, waste or mixtures of municipal-type
heat input. (iii) Has a federally enforceable solid waste with other fuels, shall cause
(2) Units firing only very low sulfur requirement limiting operation of the to be discharged into the atmosphere
oil and/or a mixture of gaseous fuels affected facility to an annual capacity from that affected facility any gases that
contain PM in excess of the following (g) The PM and opacity standards MMBtu/h) or less shall cause to be
emission limits: apply at all times, except during periods discharged into the atmosphere from
(1) 43 ng/J (0.10 lb/MMBtu) heat of startup, shutdown or malfunction. that affected facility any gases that
input; (h)(1) Except as provided in paragraphs contain PM in excess of 43 ng/J (0.10 lb/
(i) If the affected facility combusts (h)(2), (h)(3), (h)(4), and (h)(5) of this MMBtu) heat input.
only municipal-type solid waste; or section, on and after the date on which (4) On and after the date on which the
(ii) If the affected facility combusts the initial performance test is completed initial performance test is completed or
municipal-type solid waste and other or is required to be completed under is required to be completed under
fuels and has an annual capacity factor § 60.8, whichever date comes first, no § 60.8, whichever date comes first, no
for the other fuels of 10 percent (0.10) owner or operator of an affected facility owner or operator of an affected facility
or less. that commenced construction, that commences modification after
(2) 86 ng/J (0.20 lb/MMBtu) heat input reconstruction, or modification after February 28, 2005, and that combusts
if the affected facility combusts February 28, 2005, and that combusts over 30 percent wood (by heat input) on
municipal-type solid waste or coal, oil, wood, a mixture of these fuels, an annual basis and has a maximum
municipal-type solid waste and other or a mixture of these fuels with any heat input capacity greater than 73 MW
fuels; and other fuels shall cause to be discharged (250 MMBtu/h) shall cause to be
(i) Has an annual capacity factor for into the atmosphere from that affected discharged into the atmosphere from
municipal-type solid waste and other facility any gases that contain PM in that affected facility any gases that
fuels of 30 percent (0.30) or less; excess of 13 ng/J (0.030 lb/MMBtu) heat
(ii) Has a maximum heat input contain PM in excess of 37 ng/J (0.085
input, lb/MMBtu) heat input.
capacity of 73 MW (250 MMBtu/hr) or (2) As an alternative to meeting the
less; requirements of paragraph (h)(1) of this (5) On and after the date on which the
(iii) Has a federally enforceable section, the owner or operator of an initial performance test is completed or
requirement limiting operation of the affected facility for which modification is required to be completed under
affected facility to an annual capacity commenced after February 28, 2005, § 60.8, whichever date comes first, no
factor of 30 percent (0.30) or less for may elect to meet the requirements of owner or operator of an affected facility
municipal-type solid waste, or this paragraph. On and after the date on that commences construction,
municipal-type solid waste and other which the initial performance test is reconstruction, or modification after
fuels; and completed or required to be completed February 28, 2005, and that combusts
(iv) Construction of the affected under § 60.8, no owner or operator of an only oil that contains no more than 0.3
facility commenced after June 19, 1984, affected facility that commences weight percent sulfur, coke oven gas, a
but on or before November 25, 1986. modification after February 28, 2005 mixture of these fuels, or either fuel (or
(e) For the purposes of this section, shall cause to be discharged into the a mixture of these fuels) in combination
the annual capacity factor is determined atmosphere from that affected facility with other fuels not subject to a PM
by dividing the actual heat input to the any gases that contain PM in excess of standard under § 60.43b and not using
steam generating unit during the both: a post combustion technology (except a
calendar year from the combustion of (i) 22 ng/J (0.051 lb/MMBtu) heat wet scrubber) to reduce SO2 or PM
coal, wood, or municipal-type solid input derived from the combustion of emissions is subject to the PM limits
waste, and other fuels, as applicable, by coal, oil, wood, a mixture of these fuels, under § 60.43b(h)(1).
the potential heat input to the steam or a mixture of these fuels with any
§ 60.44b Standard for nitrogen oxides
generating unit if the steam generating other fuels; and (NOX).
unit had been operated for 8,760 hours (ii) 0.2 percent of the combustion
at the maximum heat input capacity. concentration (99.8 percent reduction) (a) Except as provided under
(f) On and after the date on which the when combusting coal, oil, wood, a paragraphs (k) and (l) of this section, on
initial performance test is completed or mixture of these fuels, or a mixture of and after the date on which the initial
is required to be completed under these fuels with any other fuels. performance test is completed or is
§ 60.8, whichever date comes first, no (3) On and after the date on which the required to be completed under § 60.8,
owner or operator of an affected facility initial performance test is completed or whichever date comes first, no owner or
that combusts coal, oil, wood, or is required to be completed under operator of an affected facility that is
mixtures of these fuels with any other § 60.8, whichever date comes first, no subject to the provisions of this section
fuels shall cause to be discharged into owner or operator of an affected facility and that combusts only coal, oil, or
the atmosphere any gases that exhibit that commences modification after natural gas shall cause to be discharged
greater than 20 percent opacity (6- February 28, 2005, and that combusts into the atmosphere from that affected
minute average), except for one 6- over 30 percent wood (by heat input) on facility any gases that contain NOX
minute period per hour of not more than an annual basis and has a maximum (expressed as NO2) in excess of the
27 percent opacity. heat input capacity of 73 MW (250 following emission limits:
Nitrogen Oxide Emission

Limits (expressed as
Fuel/steam generating unit type NO2) Heat Input
ng/J lb/MMBtu
(1) Natural gas and distillate oil, except (4):

(i) Low heat release rate .......................................................................................................................................... 43 0.10

(ii) High heat release rate ......................................................................................................................................... 86 0.20
(2) Residual oil:
(ii) High heat release rate ......................................................................................................................................... 170 0.40
(3) Coal:
Nitrogen Oxide Emission

Limits (expressed as
Fuel/steam generating unit type NO2) Heat Input
ng/J lb/MMBtu
(i) Mass-feed stoker .................................................................................................................................................. 210 0.50

(ii) Spreader stoker and fluidized bed combustion .................................................................................................. 260 0.60
(iii) Pulverized coal ................................................................................................................................................... 300 0.70
(iv) Lignite, except (v) ............................................................................................................................................... 260 0.60
(v) Lignite mined in North Dakota, South Dakota, or Montana and combusted in a slag tap furnace ................... 340 0.80
(vi) Coal-derived synthetic fuels ............................................................................................................................... 210 0.50
(4) Duct burner used in a combined cycle system:
(ii) High heat release rate 43 ................................................................................................................................... 170 0.40
(b) Except as provided under (b) of this section, unless the affected Where:
paragraphs (k) and (l) of this section, on facility has an annual capacity factor for En = NOX emission limit (expressed as
and after the date on which the initial coal or oil, or mixture of these fuels NO2), ng/J (lb/MMBtu);
performance test is completed or is with natural gas of 10 percent (0.10) or ELgo = Appropriate emission limit from
required to be completed under § 60.8, less and is subject to a federally paragraph (a)(1) for combustion of
natural gas or distillate oil, ng/J (lb/
whichever date comes first, no owner or enforceable requirement that limits MMBtu);
operator of an affected facility that operation of the affected facility to an Hgo = Heat input from combustion of natural
simultaneously combusts mixtures of annual capacity factor of 10 percent gas, distillate oil and gaseous byproduct/
coal, oil, or natural gas shall cause to be (0.10) or less for coal, oil, or a mixture waste, J (MMBtu);
discharged into the atmosphere from of these fuels with natural gas. ELro = Appropriate emission limit from
that affected facility any gases that (d) On and after the date on which the paragraph (a)(2) for combustion of
contain NOX in excess of a limit initial performance test is completed or residual oil and/or byproduct/waste, ng/
is required to be completed under J (lb/MMBtu);
determined by the use of the following Hro = Heat input from combustion of residual
formula: § 60.8, whichever date comes first, no
oil, J (MMBtu);
owner or operator of an affected facility ELc = Appropriate emission limit from
(ELgo H go ) + (EL ro H ro ) + (ELc H c ) that simultaneously combusts natural paragraph (a)(3) for combustion of coal,
En = gas with wood, municipal-type solid ng/J (lb/MMBtu); and
(H go + H ro + H c ) waste, or other solid fuel, except coal, Hc = Heat input from combustion of coal, J
Where: shall cause to be discharged into the (MMBtu).
En = NOX emission limit (expressed as NO2),
atmosphere from that affected facility (f) Any owner or operator of an
ng/J (lb/MMBtu); any gases that contain NOX in excess of affected facility that combusts
ELgo = Appropriate emission limit from 130 ng/J (0.30 lb/MMBtu) heat input byproduct/waste with either natural gas
paragraph (a)(1) for combustion of unless the affected facility has an or oil may petition the Administrator
natural gas or distillate oil, ng/J (lb/ annual capacity factor for natural gas of within 180 days of the initial startup of
MMBtu); 10 percent (0.10) or less and is subject the affected facility to establish a NOX
Hgo = Heat input from combustion of natural to a federally enforceable requirement
gas or distillate oil, J (MMBtu); emission limit that shall apply
that limits operation of the affected specifically to that affected facility
ELro = Appropriate emission limit from
facility to an annual capacity factor of when the byproduct/waste is
paragraph (a)(2) for combustion of
residual oil, ng/J (lb/MMBtu); 10 percent (0.10) or less for natural gas. combusted. The petition shall include
Hro = Heat input from combustion of residual (e) Except as provided under sufficient and appropriate data, as
oil, J (MMBtu); paragraph (l) of this section, on and after determined by the Administrator, such
ELc = Appropriate emission limit from the date on which the initial as NOX emissions from the affected
paragraph (a)(3) for combustion of coal, performance test is completed or is facility, waste composition (including
ng/J (lb/MMBtu); and required to be completed under § 60.8, nitrogen content), and combustion
Hc = Heat input from combustion of coal, J whichever date comes first, no owner or
(MMBtu). conditions to allow the Administrator to
operator of an affected facility that confirm that the affected facility is
(c) Except as provided under simultaneously combusts coal, oil, or unable to comply with the emission
paragraph (l) of this section, on and after natural gas with byproduct/waste shall limits in paragraph (e) of this section
the date on which the initial cause to be discharged into the and to determine the appropriate
performance test is completed or is atmosphere any gases that contain NOX emission limit for the affected facility.
required to be completed under § 60.8, in excess of the emission limit (1) Any owner or operator of an
whichever date comes first, no owner or determined by the following formula affected facility petitioning for a facility-
operator of an affected facility that unless the affected facility has an specific NOX emission limit under this
simultaneously combusts coal or oil, or annual capacity factor for coal, oil, and section shall:
a mixture of these fuels with natural gas, natural gas of 10 percent (0.10) or less (i) Demonstrate compliance with the
and wood, municipal-type solid waste, and is subject to a federally enforceable emission limits for natural gas and
or any other fuel shall cause to be requirement that limits operation of the distillate oil in paragraph (a)(1) of this
affected facility to an annual capacity

EP09FE07.029</MATH>
discharged into the atmosphere any section or for residual oil in paragraph
gases that contain NOX in excess of the factor of 10 percent (0.10) or less: (a)(2) or (l)(1) of this section, as
emission limit for the coal or oil, or appropriate, by conducting a 30-day
mixtures of these fuels with natural gas (ELgo H go ) + (EL ro H ro ) + (ELc H c ) performance test as provided in
combusted in the affected facility, as En = § 60.46b(e). During the performance test
(H go + H ro + H c )
EP09FE07.028</MATH>
determined pursuant to paragraph (a) or only natural gas, distillate oil, or
residual oil shall be combusted in the requirements for hazardous waste (l) On and after the date on which the
affected facility; and specified in an applicable federally initial performance test is completed or
(ii) Demonstrate that the affected enforceable requirement preclude is required to be completed under
facility is unable to comply with the compliance with the NOX emission § 60.8, whichever date comes first, no
emission limits for natural gas and limits of this section. The NOX emission owner or operator of an affected facility
distillate oil in paragraph (a)(1) of this limits for natural gas or distillate oil in that commenced construction or
section or for residual oil in paragraph paragraph (a)(1) of this section or for reconstruction after July 9, 1997 shall
(a)(2) or (l)(1) of this section, as residual oil in paragraph (a)(2) or (l)(1) cause to be discharged into the
appropriate, when gaseous or liquid of this section, as appropriate, are atmosphere from that affected facility
byproduct/waste is combusted in the applicable to the affected facility until any gases that contain NOX (expressed
affected facility under the same and unless the petition is approved by as NO2) in excess of the following
conditions and using the same the Administrator. (See 40 CFR 761.70 limits:
technological system of emission for regulations applicable to the (1) If the affected facility combusts
reduction applied when demonstrating incineration of materials containing coal, oil, or natural gas, or a mixture of
compliance under paragraph (f)(1)(i) of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB’s).) In these fuels, or with any other fuels: A
this section. lieu of amending this subpart, a letter limit of 86 ng/JI (0.20 lb/MMBtu) heat
(2) The NOX emission limits for will be sent to the facility describing the input unless the affected facility has an
natural gas or distillate oil in paragraph facility-specific NOX limit. The facility annual capacity factor for coal, oil, and
(a)(1) of this section or for residual oil shall use the compliance procedures natural gas of 10 percent (0.10) or less
in paragraph (a)(2) or (l)(1) of this detailed in the letter and make the letter and is subject to a federally enforceable
section, as appropriate, shall be available to the public. If the requirement that limits operation of the
applicable to the affected facility until Administrator determines it is facility to an annual capacity factor of
and unless the petition is approved by appropriate, the conditions and 10 percent (0.10) or less for coal, oil,
the Administrator. If the petition is requirements of the letter can be and natural gas; or
approved by the Administrator, a reviewed and changed at any point. (2) If the affected facility has a low
facility-specific NOX emission limit will (h) For purposes of paragraph (i) of heat release rate and combusts natural
be established at the NOX emission level this section, the NOX standards under gas or distillate oil in excess of 30
achievable when the affected facility is this section apply at all times including percent of the heat input on a 30-day
combusting oil or natural gas and periods of startup, shutdown, or rolling average from the combustion of
byproduct/waste in a manner that the malfunction. all fuels, a limit determined by use of
Administrator determines to be (i) Except as provided under the following formula:
consistent with minimizing NOX paragraph (j) of this section, compliance
emissions. In lieu of amending this with the emission limits under this (0.10 × H go ) + (0.20 × H r )
subpart, a letter will be sent to the section is determined on a 30-day En =
facility describing the facility-specific rolling average basis. (H go + H r )
NOX limit. The facility shall use the (j) Compliance with the emission Where:
compliance procedures detailed in the limits under this section is determined En = NOX emission limit (lb/MMBtu);
letter and make the letter available to on a 24-hour average basis for the initial Hgo = 30-day heat input from combustion of
the public. If the Administrator performance test and on a 3-hour natural gas or distillate oil; and
determines it is appropriate, the average basis for subsequent Hr = 30-day heat input from combustion of
conditions and requirements of the performance tests for any affected any other fuel.
letter can be reviewed and changed at facilities that: (3) After February 27, 2006, units
any point. (1) Combust, alone or in combination, where more than 33 percent of total
(g) Any owner or operator of an only natural gas, distillate oil, or annual output is electrical or
affected facility that combusts residual oil with a nitrogen content of mechanical may comply with an
hazardous waste (as defined by 40 CFR 0.30 weight percent or less; optional limit of 270 ng/J (2.1 lb/MWh)
part 261 or 40 CFR part 761) with (2) Have a combined annual capacity gross energy output, based on a 30-day
natural gas or oil may petition the factor of 10 percent or less for natural rolling average. Units complying with
Administrator within 180 days of the gas, distillate oil, and residual oil with this output-based limit must
initial startup of the affected facility for a nitrogen content of 0.30 weight demonstrate compliance according to
a waiver from compliance with the NOX percent or less; and the procedures of § 60.48Da(i) of subpart
emission limit that applies specifically (3) Are subject to a federally Da of this part, and must monitor
to that affected facility. The petition enforceable requirement limiting emissions according to § 60.49Da(c), (k),
must include sufficient and appropriate operation of the affected facility to the through (n) of subpart Da of this part.
data, as determined by the firing of natural gas, distillate oil, and/
Administrator, on NOX emissions from or residual oil with a nitrogen content § 60.45b Compliance and performance test
the affected facility, waste destruction of 0.30 weight percent or less and methods and procedures for sulfur dioxide.
efficiencies, waste composition limiting operation of the affected facility (a) The SO2 emission standards under
(including nitrogen content), the to a combined annual capacity factor of § 60.42b apply at all times. Facilities
quantity of specific wastes to be 10 percent or less for natural gas, burning coke oven gas alone or in
combusted and combustion conditions distillate oil, and residual oil with a combination with any other gaseous
to allow the Administrator to determine nitrogen content of 0.30 weight percent fuels or distillate oil and complying
if the affected facility is able to comply or less. with the fuel based limit under
with the NOX emission limits required (k) Affected facilities that meet the § 60.42b(k)(2) are allowed to exceed the
by this section. The owner or operator criteria described in paragraphs (j)(1), limit 30 operating days per calendar
of the affected facility shall demonstrate (2), and (3) of this section, and that have year for by-product plant maintenance.
that when hazardous waste is a heat input capacity of 73 MW (250 (b) In conducting the performance
combusted in the affected facility, MMBtu/hr) or less, are not subject to the tests required under § 60.8, the owner or
EP09FE07.030</MATH>
thermal destruction efficiency NOX emission limits under this section. operator shall use the methods and
procedures in appendix A (including emission rate (Eaoo). The Ehoo is sampling and analysis procedures under
fuel certification and sampling) of this computed using the following formula: Method 19 of appendix A of this part.
part or the methods and procedures as (d) Except as provided in paragraph (j)
specified in this section, except as E ho − E w (1 − X k ) of this section, the owner or operator of
provided in § 60.8(b). Section 60.8(f) E oho = an affected facility that combusts only
Xk very low sulfur oil, has an annual
does not apply to this section. The 30-
day notice required in § 60.8(d) applies Where: capacity factor for oil of 10 percent
only to the initial performance test Ehoo = Adjusted hourly SO2 emission rate, ng/ (0.10) or less, and is subject to a
unless otherwise specified by the J (lb/MMBtu); federally enforceable requirement
Administrator. Eho = Hourly SO2 emission rate, ng/J (lb/ limiting operation of the affected facility
(c) The owner or operator of an MMBtu); to an annual capacity factor for oil of 10
Ew = SO2 concentration in fuels other than percent (0.10) or less shall:
affected facility shall conduct
coal and oil combusted in the affected (1) Conduct the initial performance
performance tests to determine facility, as determined by the fuel
compliance with the percent of test over 24 consecutive steam
sampling and analysis procedures in
potential SO2 emission rate (% Ps) and generating unit operating hours at full
Method 19 of appendix A of this part,
the SO2 emission rate (Es) pursuant to ng/J (lb/MMBtu). The value Ew for each load;
§ 60.42b following the procedures listed fuel lot is used for each hourly average (2) Determine compliance with the
below, except as provided under during the time that the lot is being standards after the initial performance
paragraph (d) and (k) of this section. combusted; and test based on the arithmetic average of
(1) The initial performance test shall Xk = Fraction of total heat input from fuel the hourly emissions data during each
combustion derived from coal, oil, or steam generating unit operating day if a
be conducted over 30 consecutive
coal and oil, as determined by applicable CEMS is used, or based on a daily
operating days of the steam generating procedures in Method 19 of appendix A average if Method 6B of appendix A of
unit. Compliance with the SO2 of this part. this part or fuel sampling and analysis
standards shall be determined using a
(ii) To compute the percent of procedures under Method 19 of
30-day average. The first operating day
potential SO2 emission rate (%Ps), an appendix A of this part are used.
included in the initial performance test (e) The owner or operator of an
shall be scheduled within 30 days after adjusted %Rg (%Rgo) is computed from
the adjusted Eaoo from paragraph affected facility subject to § 60.42b(d)(1)
achieving the maximum production rate shall demonstrate the maximum design
at which the affected facility will be (b)(3)(i) of this section and an adjusted
average SO2 inlet rate (Eaio) using the capacity of the steam generating unit by
operated, but not later than 180 days operating the facility at maximum
after initial startup of the facility. following formula:
capacity for 24 hours. This
(2) If only coal, only oil, or a mixture demonstration will be made during the
of coal and oil is combusted, the  Eo  initial performance test and a
following procedures are used: %R og = 100 1.0 − aoo 
 E ai  subsequent demonstration may be
(i) The procedures in Method 19 of requested at any other time. If the 24-
appendix A of this part are used to To compute Eaio, an adjusted hourly hour average firing rate for the affected
determine the hourly SO2 emission rate SO2 inlet rate (Ehio) is used. The Ehio is facility is less than the maximum design
(Eho) and the 30-day average emission computed using the following formula: capacity provided by the manufacturer
rate (Eao). The hourly averages used to of the affected facility, the 24-hour
compute the 30-day averages are E hi − E w (1 − X k ) average firing rate shall be used to
obtained from the continuous emission E ohi = determine the capacity utilization rate
monitoring system (CEMS) of § 60.47b Xk for the affected facility, otherwise the
(a) or (b). Where: maximum design capacity provided by
(ii) The percent of potential SO2 the manufacturer is used.
Ehio = Adjusted hourly SO2 inlet rate, ng/J
emission rate (%Ps) emitted to the (lb/MMBtu); and (f) For the initial performance test
atmosphere is computed using the Ehi = Hourly SO2 inlet rate, ng/J (lb/MMBtu). required under § 60.8, compliance with
following formula: the SO2 emission limits and percent
(4) The owner or operator of an reduction requirements under § 60.42b
 %R g   affected facility subject to paragraph
%R f  is based on the average emission rates
%Ps = 100 1 −  1 − (b)(3) of this section does not have to
100 
and the average percent reduction for
 100   measure parameters Ew or Xk if the SO2 for the first 30 consecutive steam
Where:
owner or operator elects to assume that generating unit operating days, except
Xk = 1.0. Owners or operators of affected
EP09FE07.034</MATH>
%Ps = Potential SO2 emission rate, percent; as provided under paragraph (d) of this
%Rg = SO2 removal efficiency of the control
facilities who assume Xk = 1.0 shall: section. The initial performance test is
device as determined by Method 19 of (i) Determine %Ps following the the only test for which at least 30 days
appendix A of this part, in percent; and procedures in paragraph (c)(2) of this prior notice is required unless otherwise
%Rf = SO2 removal efficiency of fuel section; and specified by the Administrator. The
pretreatment as determined by Method
EP09FE07.033</MATH>
(ii) Sulfur dioxide emissions (Es) are initial performance test is to be

19 of appendix A of this part, in percent. considered to be in compliance with scheduled so that the first steam
(3) If coal or oil is combusted with SO2 emission limits under § 60.42b. generating unit operating day of the 30
other fuels, the same procedures (5) The owner or operator of an successive steam generating unit
required in paragraph (c)(2) of this affected facility that qualifies under the operating days is completed within 30
EP09FE07.032</MATH>
section are used, except as provided in provisions of § 60.42b(d) does not have days after achieving the maximum
the following: to measure parameters Ew or Xk under production rate at which the affected
(i) An adjusted hourly SO2 emission paragraph (b)(3) of this section if the facility will be operated, but not later
rate (Ehoo) is used in Equation 19–19 of owner or operator of the affected facility than 180 days after initial startup of the
Method 19 of appendix A of this part to elects to measure SO2 emission rates of facility. The boiler load during the 30-
EP09FE07.031</MATH>
compute an adjusted 30-day average the coal or oil following the fuel day period does not have to be the
maximum design load, but must be as described in paragraph (d) of this emission rate expressed in ng/J heat
representative of future operating section, except as provided in paragraph input is determined using:
conditions and include at least one 24- (i) of this section. (i) The O2 or CO2 measurements and
hour period at full load. (c) Compliance with the NOX PM measurements obtained under this
(g) After the initial performance test emission standards under § 60.44b shall section;
required under § 60.8, compliance with be determined through performance (ii) The dry basis F factor; and
the SO2 emission limits and percent testing under paragraph (e) or (f), or (iii) The dry basis emission rate
reduction requirements under § 60.42b under paragraphs (g) and (h) of this calculation procedure contained in
is based on the average emission rates section, as applicable. Method 19 of appendix A of this part.
and the average percent reduction for (d) To determine compliance with the (7) Method 9 of appendix A of this
SO2 for 30 successive steam generating PM emission limits and opacity limits part is used for determining the opacity
unit operating days, except as provided under § 60.43b, the owner or operator of of stack emissions.
under paragraph (d). A separate an affected facility shall conduct an (e) To determine compliance with the
performance test is completed at the end initial performance test as required emission limits for NOX required under
of each steam generating unit operating under § 60.8, and shall conduct § 60.44b, the owner or operator of an
day after the initial performance test, subsequent performance tests as affected facility shall conduct the
and a new 30-day average emission rate requested by the Administrator, using performance test as required under
the following procedures and reference § 60.8 using the continuous system for
and percent reduction for SO2 are
methods: monitoring NOX under § 60.48(b).
calculated to show compliance with the
(1) Method 3B of appendix A of this (1) For the initial compliance test,
standard. NOX from the steam generating unit are
(h) Except as provided under part is used for gas analysis when
applying Method 5 or 17 of appendix A monitored for 30 successive steam
paragraph (i) of this section, the owner
of this part. generating unit operating days and the
or operator of an affected facility shall
(2) Method 5, 5B, or 17 of appendix 30-day average emission rate is used to
use all valid SO2 emissions data in
A of this part shall be used to measure determine compliance with the NOX
calculating %Ps and Eho under
the concentration of PM as follows: emission standards under § 60.44b. The
paragraph (c), of this section whether or
(i) Method 5 of appendix A of this 30-day average emission rate is
not the minimum emissions data
part shall be used at affected facilities calculated as the average of all hourly
requirements under § 60.46b are
without wet flue gas desulfurization emissions data recorded by the
achieved. All valid emissions data,
(FGD) systems; and monitoring system during the 30-day
including valid SO2 emission data
(ii) Method 17 of appendix A of this test period.
collected during periods of startup, (2) Following the date on which the
shutdown and malfunction, shall be part may be used at facilities with or
without wet scrubber systems provided initial performance test is completed or
used in calculating %Ps and Eho is required to be completed under
pursuant to paragraph (c) of this section. the stack gas temperature does not
exceed a temperature of 160 °C (32 °F). § 60.8, whichever date comes first, the
(i) During periods of malfunction or
The procedures of sections 2.1 and 2.3 owner or operator of an affected facility
maintenance of the SO2 control systems
of Method 5B of appendix A of this part which combusts coal or which combusts
when oil is combusted as provided
may be used in Method 17 of appendix residual oil having a nitrogen content
under § 60.42b(i), emission data are not
A of this part only if it is used after a greater than 0.30 weight percent shall
used to calculate %Ps or Es under
wet FGD system. Do not use Method 17 determine compliance with the NOX
§ 60.42b (a), (b) or (c), however, the
of appendix A of this part after wet FGD emission standards under § 60.44b on a
emissions data are used to determine
systems if the effluent is saturated or continuous basis through the use of a
compliance with the emission limit
laden with water droplets. 30-day rolling average emission rate. A
under § 60.42b(i).
(iii) Method 5B of appendix A of this new 30-day rolling average emission
(j) The owner or operator of an
part is to be used only after wet FGD rate is calculated each steam generating
affected facility that combusts very low
systems. unit operating day as the average of all
sulfur oil is not subject to the
(3) Method 1 of appendix A of this of the hourly NOX emission data for the
compliance and performance testing
part is used to select the sampling site preceding 30 steam generating unit
requirements of this section if the owner
and the number of traverse sampling operating days.
or operator obtains fuel receipts as (3) Following the date on which the
described in § 60.49b(r). points. The sampling time for each run
is at least 120 minutes and the initial performance test is completed or
(k) The owner or operator of an
minimum sampling volume is 1.7 dscm is required to be completed under
affected facility seeking to demonstrate
(60 dscf) except that smaller sampling § 60.8, whichever date comes first, the
compliance under §§ 60.42b(d)(4),
times or volumes may be approved by owner or operator of an affected facility
60.42b(j), and 60.42b(k)(2) shall follow
the Administrator when necessitated by that has a heat input capacity greater
the applicable procedures under
process variables or other factors. than 73 MW (250 MMBtu/hr) and that
§ 60.49b(r).
(4) For Method 5 of appendix A of combusts natural gas, distillate oil, or
§ 60.46b Compliance and performance test this part, the temperature of the sample residual oil having a nitrogen content of
methods and procedures for particulate gas in the probe and filter holder is 0.30 weight percent or less shall
matter and nitrogen oxides. monitored and is maintained at 160±14 determine compliance with the NOX
(a) The PM emission standards and °C (320±25 °F). standards under § 60.44b on a
opacity limits under § 60.43b apply at (5) For determination of PM continuous basis through the use of a
all times except during periods of emissions, the oxygen (O2) or CO2 30-day rolling average emission rate. A
startup, shutdown, or malfunction. The sample is obtained simultaneously with new 30-day rolling average emission
NOX emission standards under § 60.44b each run of Method 5, 5B, or 17 of rate is calculated each steam generating
apply at all times. appendix A of this part by traversing the unit operating day as the average of all
(b) Compliance with the PM emission duct at the same sampling location. of the hourly NOX emission data for the
standards under § 60.43b shall be (6) For each run using Method 5, 5B, preceding 30 steam generating unit
determined through performance testing or 17 of appendix A of this part, the operating days.
(4) Following the date on which the (ii) Method 7E of appendix A of this that has a heat input capacity greater
initial performance test is completed or part shall be used to determine the NOX than 73 MW (250 MMBtu/hr) shall:
required to be completed under § 60.8, concentrations. Method 3A or 3B of (1) Conduct an initial performance
whichever date comes first, the owner appendix A of this part shall be used to test as required under § 60.8 over a
or operator of an affected facility that determine O2 concentration. minimum of 24 consecutive steam
has a heat input capacity of 73 MW (250 (iii) The owner or operator shall generating unit operating hours at
MMBtu/hr) or less and that combusts identify and demonstrate to the maximum heat input capacity to
natural gas, distillate oil, or residual oil Administrator’s satisfaction suitable demonstrate compliance with the NOX
having a nitrogen content of 0.30 weight methods to determine the average emission standards under § 60.44b using
percent or less shall upon request hourly heat input rate to the combustion Method 7, 7A, 7E of appendix A of this
determine compliance with the NOX turbine and the average hourly heat part, or other approved reference
standards under § 60.44b through the input rate to the affected duct burner. methods; and
use of a 30-day performance test. During (iv) Compliance with the emissions (2) Conduct subsequent performance
periods when performance tests are not limits under § 60.44b (a)(4) or § 60.44b(l) tests once per calendar year or every 400
requested, NOX emissions data collected is determined by the three-run average hours of operation (whichever comes
pursuant to § 60.48b(g)(1) or (nominal 1-hour runs) for the initial and first) to demonstrate compliance with
§ 60.48b(g)(2) are used to calculate a 30- subsequent performance tests; or the NOX emission standards under
day rolling average emission rate on a (2) The owner or operator of an § 60.44b over a minimum of 3
daily basis and used to prepare excess affected facility may elect to determine consecutive steam generating unit
emission reports, but will not be used to compliance on a 30-day rolling average operating hours at maximum heat input
determine compliance with the NOX basis by using the CEMS specified capacity using Method 7, 7A, 7E of
emission standards. A new 30-day under § 60.48b for measuring NOX and appendix A of this part, or other
rolling average emission rate is O2 and meet the requirements of approved reference methods.
calculated each steam generating unit § 60.48b. The sampling site shall be (i) The owner or operator of an
operating day as the average of all of the located at the outlet from the steam affected facility seeking to demonstrate
hourly NOX emission data for the generating unit. The NOX emissions rate compliance under paragraph
preceding 30 steam generating unit at the outlet from the steam generating § 60.43b(h)(5) shall follow the
operating days. unit shall constitute the NOX emissions applicable procedures under § 60.49b(r).
(5) If the owner or operator of an (j) In place of PM testing with EPA
rate from the duct burner of the
affected facility that combusts residual Reference Method 5, 5B, or 17 of
combined cycle system.
oil does not sample and analyze the appendix A of this part, an owner or
(g) The owner or operator of an operator may elect to install, calibrate,
residual oil for nitrogen content, as affected facility described in § 60.44b(j)
specified in § 60.49b(e), the maintain, and operate a CEMS for
or § 60.44b(k) shall demonstrate the monitoring PM emissions discharged to
requirements of § 60.48b(g)(1) apply and maximum heat input capacity of the
the provisions of § 60.48b(g)(2) are the atmosphere and record the output of
steam generating unit by operating the the system. The owner or operator of an
inapplicable. facility at maximum capacity for 24
(f) To determine compliance with the affected facility who elects to
hours. The owner or operator of an continuously monitor PM emissions
emissions limits for NOX required by affected facility shall determine the
§ 60.44b(a)(4) or § 60.44b(l) for duct instead of conducting performance
maximum heat input capacity using the testing using EPA Method 5, 5B, or 17
burners used in combined cycle heat loss method described in sections
systems, either of the procedures of appendix A of this part shall comply
5 and 7.3 of the ASME Power Test Codes with the requirements specified in
described in paragraph (f)(1) or (2) of 4.1 (incorporated by reference, see
this section may be used: paragraphs (j)(1) through (j)(13) of this
§ 60.17). This demonstration of section.
(1) The owner or operator of an
maximum heat input capacity shall be (1) Notify the Administrator one
affected facility shall conduct the
made during the initial performance test month before starting use of the system.
performance test required under § 60.8
for affected facilities that meet the (2) Notify the Administrator one
as follows:
criteria of § 60.44b(j). It shall be made month before stopping use of the
(i) The emissions rate (E) of NOX shall
within 60 days after achieving the system.
be computed using Equation 1 in this
maximum production rate at which the (3) The monitor shall be installed,
section:
affected facility will be operated, but not evaluated, and operated in accordance
later than 180 days after initial start-up with § 60.13 of subpart A of this part.
 Hg 
 ( E sg − E g )
E = E sg +  (Eq. 1) of each facility, for affected facilities (4) The initial performance evaluation
 Hb  meeting the criteria of § 60.44b(k). shall be completed no later than 180
Subsequent demonstrations may be days after the date of initial startup of
Where: required by the Administrator at any the affected facility, as specified under
E = Emissions rate of NOX from the duct other time. If this demonstration § 60.8 of subpart A of this part or within
burner, ng/J (lb/MMBtu) heat input; indicates that the maximum heat input
Esg = Combined effluent emissions rate, in 180 days of notification to the
ng/J (lb/MMBtu) heat input using capacity of the affected facility is less Administrator of use of the CEMS if the
appropriate F factor as described in than that stated by the manufacturer of owner or operator was previously
Method 19 of appendix A of this part; the affected facility, the maximum heat determining compliance by Method 5,
Hg = Heat input rate to the combustion input capacity determined during this 5B, or 17 of appendix A of this part
turbine, in J/hr (MMBtu/hr); demonstration shall be used to performance tests, whichever is later.
Hb = Heat input rate to the duct burner, in
determine the capacity utilization rate (5) The owner or operator of an

J/hr (MMBtu/hr); and for the affected facility. Otherwise, the affected facility shall conduct an initial
Eg = Emissions rate from the combustion
turbine, in ng/J (lb/MMBtu) heat input
maximum heat input capacity provided performance test for PM emissions as
calculated using appropriate F factor as by the manufacturer is used. required under § 60.8 of subpart A of
described in Method 19 of appendix A (h) The owner or operator of an this part. Compliance with the PM
EP09FE07.035</MATH>
of this part. affected facility described in § 60.44b(j) emission limit shall be determined by
using the CEMS specified in paragraph as necessary, valid emissions data for a described in Method 6A of appendix A
(j) of this section to measure PM and minimum of 75 percent of total of this part, section 7.6.2 (Equation 6A–
calculating a 24-hour block arithmetic operating hours per 30-day rolling 8) and stated in ng/J (lb/MMBtu) heat
average emission concentration using average. input.
EPA Reference Method 19 of appendix (4) The mean 30-day emission rate is
§ 60.47b Emission monitoring for sulfur calculated using the daily measured
A of this part, section 4.1. dioxide.
(6) Compliance with the PM emission values in ng/J (lb/MMBtu) for 30
limit shall be determined based on the (a) Except as provided in paragraphs successive steam generating unit
24-hour daily (block) average of the (b) and (g) of this section, the owner or operating days using equation 19–20 of
hourly arithmetic average emission operator of an affected facility subject to Method 19 of appendix A of this part.
concentrations using CEMS outlet data. the SO2 standards under § 60.42b shall (c) The owner or operator of an
(7) At a minimum, valid CEMS hourly install, calibrate, maintain, and operate affected facility shall obtain emission
averages shall be obtained as specified CEMS for measuring SO2 concentrations data for at least 75 percent of the
in paragraphs (j)(7)(i) of this section for and either O2 or CO2 concentrations and operating hours in at least 22 out of 30
75 percent of the total operating hours shall record the output of the systems. successive boiler operating days. If this
per 30-day rolling average. For units complying with the percent minimum data requirement is not met
(i) At least two data points per hour reduction standard, the SO2 and either with a single monitoring system, the
shall be used to calculate each 1-hour O2 or CO2 concentrations shall both be owner or operator of the affected facility
arithmetic average. monitored at the inlet and outlet of the shall supplement the emission data with
(8) The 1-hour arithmetic averages SO2 control device. data collected with other monitoring
required under paragraph (j)(7) of this (b) As an alternative to operating systems as approved by the
section shall be expressed in ng/J or lb/ CEMS as required under paragraph (a) Administrator or the reference methods
MMBtu heat input and shall be used to of this section, an owner or operator and procedures as described in
calculate the boiler operating day daily may elect to determine the average SO2 paragraph (b) of this section.
arithmetic average emission emissions and percent reduction by: (d) The 1-hour average SO2 emission
concentrations. The 1-hour arithmetic (1) Collecting coal or oil samples in an rates measured by the CEMS required by
averages shall be calculated using the as-fired condition at the inlet to the paragraph (a) of this section and
data points required under § 60.13(e)(2) steam generating unit and analyzing required under § 60.13(h) is expressed
of subpart A of this part. them for sulfur and heat content in ng/J or lb/MMBtu heat input and is
(9) All valid CEMS data shall be used according to Method 19 of appendix A used to calculate the average emission
in calculating average emission of this part. Method 19 of appendix A rates under § 60.42(b). Each 1-hour
concentrations even if the minimum of this part provides procedures for average SO2 emission rate must be based
CEMS data requirements of paragraph converting these measurements into the on 30 or more minutes of steam
(j)(7) of this section are not met. format to be used in calculating the generating unit operation. The hourly
(10) The CEMS shall be operated average SO2 input rate, or averages shall be calculated according to
according to Performance Specification (2) Measuring SO2 according to § 60.13(h)(2). Hourly SO2 emission rates
11 in appendix B of this part. Method 6B of appendix A of this part are not calculated if the affected facility
(11) During the correlation testing at the inlet or outlet to the SO2 control is operated less than 30 minutes in a
runs of the CEMS required by system. An initial stratification test is given clock hour and are not counted
Performance Specification 11 in required to verify the adequacy of the toward determination of a steam
appendix B of this part, PM and O2 (or Method 6B of appendix A of this part generating unit operating day.
CO2) data shall be collected sampling location. The stratification test (e) The procedures under § 60.13 shall
concurrently (or within a 30-to 60- shall consist of three paired runs of a be followed for installation, evaluation,
minute period) by both the continuous suitable SO2 and CO2 measurement train and operation of the CEMS.
emission monitors and the test methods operated at the candidate location and (1) All CEMS shall be operated in
specified in paragraph (j)(7)(i) of this a second similar train operated accordance with the applicable
section. according to the procedures in section procedures under Performance
(i) For PM, EPA Reference Method 5, 3.2 and the applicable procedures in Specifications 1, 2, and 3 of appendix B
5B, or 17 of appendix A of this part section 7 of Performance Specification of this part.
shall be used. 2. Method 6B of appendix A of this part, (2) Quarterly accuracy determinations
(ii) For O2 (or CO2), EPA reference Method 6A of appendix A of this part, and daily calibration drift tests shall be
Method 3, 3A, or 3B of appendix A of or a combination of Methods 6 and 3 or performed in accordance with
this part, as applicable shall be used. 3B of appendix A of this part or Procedure 1 of appendix F of this part.
(12) Quarterly accuracy Methods 6C and 3A of appendix A of (3) For affected facilities combusting
determinations and daily calibration this part are suitable measurement coal or oil, alone or in combination with
drift tests shall be performed in techniques. If Method 6B of appendix A other fuels, the span value of the SO2
accordance with procedure 2 in of this part is used for the second train, CEMS at the inlet to the SO2 control
appendix F of this part. Relative sampling time and timer operation may device is 125 percent of the maximum
Response Audits must be performed be adjusted for the stratification test as estimated hourly potential SO2
annually and Response Correlation long as an adequate sample volume is emissions of the fuel combusted, and
Audits must be performed every 3 years. collected; however, both sampling trains the span value of the CEMS at the outlet
(13) When PM emissions data are not are to be operated similarly. For the to the SO2 control device is 50 percent
obtained because of CEMS breakdowns, location to be adequate for Method 6B of the maximum estimated hourly
repairs, calibration checks, and zero and of appendix A of this part 24-hour tests, potential SO2 emissions of the fuel
span adjustments, emissions data shall the mean of the absolute difference combusted.
be obtained by using other monitoring between the three paired runs must be (f) The owner or operator of an
systems as approved by the less than 10 percent. affected facility that combusts very low
Administrator or EPA Reference Method (3) A daily SO2 emission rate, ED, sulfur oil or is demonstrating
19 of appendix A of this part to provide, shall be determined using the procedure compliance under § 60.45b(k) is not
subject to the emission monitoring monitoring system for measuring (j) Units are not required to operate
requirements under paragraph (a) of this opacity shall be between 60 and 80 COMS for measuring opacity if:
section if the owner or operator percent. (1) The affected facility uses a PM
maintains fuel records as described in (2) For affected facilities combusting CEMS to monitor PM emissions; or
§ 60.49b(r). coal, oil, or natural gas, the span value (2) The affected facility burns only
for NOX is determined as follows: liquid (excluding residual oil) or
§ 60.48b Emission monitoring for gaseous fuels with potential SO2
particulate matter and nitrogen oxides. emissions rates of 26 ng/J (0.060 lb/
Span values for
(a) Except as provided in paragraph (j) Fuel NOX MMBtu) or less and does not use a post
of this section, the owner or operator of (ppm) combustion technology to reduce SO2 or
an affected facility subject to the opacity PM emissions. The owner or operator
standard under § 60.43b shall install, Natural gas ................... 500
Oil ................................. 500 must maintain fuel records of the sulfur
calibrate, maintain, and operate a CEMS Coal .............................. 1,000 content of the fuels burned, as described
for measuring the opacity of emissions Mixtures ........................ 500(x + y) + 1,000z under § 60.49b(r); or
discharged to the atmosphere and (3) The affected facility burns coke
record the output of the system. Where: oven gas alone or in combination with
(b) Except as provided under x = Fraction of total heat input derived from fuels meeting the criteria in paragraph
paragraphs (g), (h), and (i) of this natural gas; (j)(2) of this section and does not use a
section, the owner or operator of an y = Fraction of total heat input derived from post combustion technology to reduce
affected facility subject to a NOX oil; and SO2 or PM emissions.
standard under § 60.44b shall comply z = Fraction of total heat input derived from (k) Owners or operators complying
with either paragraphs (b)(1) or (b)(2) of coal. with the PM emission limit by using a
this section. (3) All span values computed under PM CEMS monitor instead of
(1) Install, calibrate, maintain, and paragraph (e)(2) of this section for monitoring opacity must calibrate,
operate a CEMS, and record the output combusting mixtures of regulated fuels maintain, and operate a CEMS, and
of the system, for measuring NOX are rounded to the nearest 500 ppm. record the output of the system, for PM
emissions discharged to the atmosphere; (f) When NOX emission data are not emissions discharged to the atmosphere
or obtained because of CEMS breakdowns, as specified in § 60.46b(j). The CEMS
(2) If the owner or operator has specified in paragraph § 60.46b(j) shall
repairs, calibration checks and zero and
installed a NOX emission rate CEMS to be operated and data recorded during all
span adjustments, emission data will be
meet the requirements of part 75 of this periods of operation of the affected
obtained by using standby monitoring
chapter and is continuing to meet the facility except for CEMS breakdowns
systems, Method 7 of appendix A of this
ongoing requirements of part 75 of this and repairs. Data is recorded during
part, Method 7A of appendix A of this
chapter, that CEMS may be used to meet calibration checks, and zero and span
part, or other approved reference
the requirements of this section, except adjustments.
methods to provide emission data for a
that the owner or operator shall also
minimum of 75 percent of the operating
meet the requirements of § 60.49b. Data § 60.49b Reporting and recordkeeping
hours in each steam generating unit requirements.
reported to meet the requirements of
operating day, in at least 22 out of 30
§ 60.49b shall not include data (a) The owner or operator of each
successive steam generating unit
substituted using the missing data affected facility shall submit notification
operating days.
procedures in subpart D of part 75 of of the date of initial startup, as provided
(g) The owner or operator of an by § 60.7. This notification shall
this chapter, nor shall the data have
affected facility that has a heat input include:
been bias adjusted according to the
capacity of 73 MW (250 MMBtu/hr) or (1) The design heat input capacity of
procedures of part 75 of this chapter.
(c) The CEMS required under less, and that has an annual capacity the affected facility and identification of
paragraph (b) of this section shall be factor for residual oil having a nitrogen the fuels to be combusted in the affected
operated and data recorded during all content of 0.30 weight percent or less, facility;
periods of operation of the affected natural gas, distillate oil, or any mixture (2) If applicable, a copy of any
facility except for CEMS breakdowns of these fuels, greater than 10 percent federally enforceable requirement that
and repairs. Data is recorded during (0.10) shall: limits the annual capacity factor for any
calibration checks, and zero and span (1) Comply with the provisions of fuel or mixture of fuels under
adjustments. paragraphs (b), (c), (d), (e)(2), (e)(3), and §§ 60.42b(d)(1), 60.43b(a)(2), (a)(3)(iii),
(d) The 1-hour average NOX emission (f) of this section; or (c)(2)(ii), (d)(2)(iii), 60.44b(c), (d), (e), (i),
rates measured by the continuous NOX (2) Monitor steam generating unit (j), (k), 60.45b(d), (g), 60.46b(h), or
monitor required by paragraph (b) of operating conditions and predict NOX 60.48b(i);
this section and required under emission rates as specified in a plan (3) The annual capacity factor at
§ 60.13(h) shall be expressed in ng/J or submitted pursuant to § 60.49b(c). which the owner or operator anticipates
lb/MMBtu heat input and shall be used (h) The owner or operator of a duct operating the facility based on all fuels
to calculate the average emission rates burner, as described in § 60.41b, that is fired and based on each individual fuel
under § 60.44b. The 1-hour averages subject to the NOX standards of fired; and
shall be calculated using the data points § 60.44b(a)(4) or § 60.44b(l) is not (4) Notification that an emerging
required under § 60.13(h)(2). required to install or operate a technology will be used for controlling
(e) The procedures under § 60.13 shall continuous emissions monitoring emissions of SO2. The Administrator
be followed for installation, evaluation, system to measure NOX emissions. will examine the description of the
and operation of the continuous (i) The owner or operator of an emerging technology and will determine
monitoring systems. affected facility described in § 60.44b(j) whether the technology qualifies as an
(1) For affected facilities combusting or § 60.44b(k) is not required to install emerging technology. In making this
coal, wood or municipal-type solid or operate a CEMS for measuring NOX determination, the Administrator may
waste, the span value for a continuous emissions. require the owner or operator of the
affected facility to submit additional monitoring these operating conditions (5) Identification of the steam
information concerning the control will be representative and accurate; and generating unit operating days for which
device. The affected facility is subject to the type and format of the records of pollutant data have not been obtained,
the provisions of § 60.42b(a) unless and these operating conditions, including including reasons for not obtaining
until this determination is made by the steam generating unit load, that will be sufficient data and a description of
Administrator. maintained by the owner or operator corrective actions taken;
(b) The owner or operator of each under § 60.49b(j). (6) Identification of the times when
affected facility subject to the SO2, PM, (d) The owner or operator of an emission data have been excluded from
and/or NOX emission limits under affected facility shall record and the calculation of average emission rates
§§ 60.42b, 60.43b, and 60.44b shall maintain records of the amounts of each and the reasons for excluding data;
submit to the Administrator the fuel combusted during each day and (7) Identification of ‘‘F’’ factor used
performance test data from the initial calculate the annual capacity factor for calculations, method of
performance test and the performance individually for coal, distillate oil, determination, and type of fuel
evaluation of the CEMS using the residual oil, natural gas, wood, and combusted;
applicable performance specifications in municipal-type solid waste for the (8) Identification of the times when
appendix B of this part. The owner or reporting period. The annual capacity the pollutant concentration exceeded
operator of each affected facility factor is determined on a 12-month full span of the CEMS;
described in § 60.44b(j) or § 60.44b(k) rolling average basis with a new annual (9) Description of any modifications
shall submit to the Administrator the capacity factor calculated at the end of to the CEMS that could affect the ability
maximum heat input capacity data from each calendar month. of the CEMS to comply with
the demonstration of the maximum heat (e) For an affected facility that Performance Specification 2 or 3; and
input capacity of the affected facility. combusts residual oil and meets the (10) Results of daily CEMS drift tests
(c) The owner or operator of each criteria under §§ 60.46b(e)(4), 60.44b (j), and quarterly accuracy assessments as
affected facility subject to the NOX or (k), the owner or operator shall required under appendix F, Procedure 1
standard of § 60.44b who seeks to maintain records of the nitrogen content of this part.
demonstrate compliance with those of the residual oil combusted in the (h) The owner or operator of any
standards through the monitoring of affected facility in any category listed in
affected facility and calculate the
steam generating unit operating paragraphs (h) (1) or (2) of this section
average fuel nitrogen content for the
conditions under the provisions of is required to submit excess emission
reporting period. The nitrogen content
§ 60.48b(g)(2) shall submit to the reports for any excess emissions that
shall be determined using ASTM
Administrator for approval a plan that occurred during the reporting period.
Method D4629 (incorporated by
identifies the operating conditions to be (1) Any affected facility subject to the
reference, see § 60.17), or fuel suppliers.
monitored under § 60.48b(g)(2) and the opacity standards under § 60.43b(e) or
If residual oil blends are being
records to be maintained under to the operating parameter monitoring
combusted, fuel nitrogen specifications
§ 60.49b(j). This plan shall be submitted requirements under § 60.13(i)(1).
may be prorated based on the ratio of
to the Administrator for approval within (2) Any affected facility that is subject
360 days of the initial startup of the residual oils of different nitrogen
to the NOX standard of § 60.44b, and
affected facility. If the plan is approved, content in the fuel blend.
that:
the owner or operator shall maintain (f) For facilities subject to the opacity (i) Combusts natural gas, distillate oil,
records of predicted nitrogen oxide standard under § 60.43b, the owner or or residual oil with a nitrogen content
emission rates and the monitored operator shall maintain records of of 0.3 weight percent or less; or
operating conditions, including steam opacity. (ii) Has a heat input capacity of 73
generating unit load, identified in the (g) Except as provided under MW (250 MMBtu/hr) or less and is
plan. The plan shall: paragraph (p) of this section, the owner required to monitor NOX emissions on
(1) Identify the specific operating or operator of an affected facility subject a continuous basis under § 60.48b(g)(1)
conditions to be monitored and the to the NOX standards under § 60.44b or steam generating unit operating
relationship between these operating shall maintain records of the following conditions under § 60.48b(g)(2).
conditions and NOX emission rates (i.e., information for each steam generating (3) For the purpose of § 60.43b, excess
ng/J or lbs/MMBtu heat input). Steam unit operating day: emissions are defined as all 6-minute
generating unit operating conditions (1) Calendar date; periods during which the average
include, but are not limited to, the (2) The average hourly NOX emission opacity exceeds the opacity standards
degree of staged combustion (i.e., the rates (expressed as NO2) (ng/J or lb/ under § 60.43b(f).
ratio of primary air to secondary and/or MMBtu heat input) measured or (4) For purposes of § 60.48b(g)(1),
tertiary air) and the level of excess air predicted; excess emissions are defined as any
(i.e., flue gas O2 level); (3) The 30-day average NOX emission calculated 30-day rolling average NOX
(2) Include the data and information rates (ng/J or lb/MMBtu heat input) emission rate, as determined under
that the owner or operator used to calculated at the end of each steam § 60.46b(e), that exceeds the applicable
identify the relationship between NOX generating unit operating day from the emission limits in § 60.44b.
emission rates and these operating measured or predicted hourly nitrogen (i) The owner or operator of any
conditions; and oxide emission rates for the preceding affected facility subject to the
(3) Identify how these operating 30 steam generating unit operating days; continuous monitoring requirements for
conditions, including steam generating (4) Identification of the steam NOX under § 60.48(b) shall submit
unit load, will be monitored under generating unit operating days when the reports containing the information
§ 60.48b(g) on an hourly basis by the calculated 30-day average NOX emission recorded under paragraph (g) of this
owner or operator during the period of rates are in excess of the NOX emissions section.
operation of the affected facility; the standards under § 60.44b, with the (j) The owner or operator of any
quality assurance procedures or reasons for such excess emissions as affected facility subject to the SO2
practices that will be employed to well as a description of corrective standards under § 60.42b shall submit
ensure that the data generated by actions taken; reports.
(k) For each affected facility subject to (1) Calendar dates when the facility 19 of appendix A of this part, section 7;
the compliance and performance testing was in operation during the reporting and
requirements of § 60.45b and the period; (4) The ratio of the lower confidence
reporting requirement in paragraph (j) of (2) The 24-hour average SO2 emission limit for the mean outlet emission rate
this section, the following information rate measured for each steam generating and the allowable emission rate, as
shall be reported to the Administrator: unit operating day during the reporting determined in Method 19 of appendix A
(1) Calendar dates covered in the period that coal or oil was combusted, of this part, section 7.
reporting period; ending in the last 24-hour period in the (n) If a percent removal efficiency by
(2) Each 30-day average SO2 emission quarter; reasons for noncompliance with fuel pretreatment (i.e., %Rf) is used to
rate (ng/J or 1b/MMBtu heat input) the emission standards; and a determine the overall percent reduction
measured during the reporting period, description of corrective actions taken; (i.e., %Ro) under § 60.45b, the owner or
ending with the last 30-day period; (3) Identification of the steam operator of the affected facility shall
reasons for noncompliance with the generating unit operating days that coal submit a signed statement with the
emission standards; and a description of or oil was combusted for which SO2 or report.
corrective actions taken; diluent (O2 or CO2) data have not been (1) Indicating what removal efficiency
(3) Each 30-day average percent obtained by an approved method for at by fuel pretreatment (i.e., %Rf) was
reduction in SO2 emissions calculated least 75 percent of the operating hours; credited during the reporting period;
during the reporting period, ending with justification for not obtaining sufficient (2) Listing the quantity, heat content,
the last 30-day period; reasons for data; and description of corrective and date each pre-treated fuel shipment
noncompliance with the emission action taken; was received during the reporting
standards; and a description of (4) Identification of the times when period, the name and location of the
corrective actions taken; emissions data have been excluded from fuel pretreatment facility; and the total
(4) Identification of the steam the calculation of average emission quantity and total heat content of all
generating unit operating days that coal rates; justification for excluding data; fuels received at the affected facility
or oil was combusted and for which SO2 and description of corrective action during the reporting period;
or diluent (O2 or CO2) data have not taken if data have been excluded for (3) Documenting the transport of the
been obtained by an approved method periods other than those during which fuel from the fuel pretreatment facility
for at least 75 percent of the operating coal or oil were not combusted in the to the steam generating unit; and
hours in the steam generating unit steam generating unit; (4) Including a signed statement from
operating day; justification for not (5) Identification of ‘‘F’’ factor used the owner or operator of the fuel
obtaining sufficient data; and for calculations, method of pretreatment facility certifying that the
description of corrective action taken; determination, and type of fuel percent removal efficiency achieved by
(5) Identification of the times when combusted; fuel pretreatment was determined in
emissions data have been excluded from (6) Identification of times when accordance with the provisions of
the calculation of average emission hourly averages have been obtained Method 19 of appendix A of this part
rates; justification for excluding data; based on manual sampling methods; and listing the heat content and sulfur
and description of corrective action content of each fuel before and after fuel
(7) Identification of the times when
taken if data have been excluded for pretreatment.
the pollutant concentration exceeded
periods other than those during which (o) All records required under this
full span of the CEMS;
coal or oil were not combusted in the section shall be maintained by the
(8) Description of any modifications
steam generating unit; owner or operator of the affected facility
(6) Identification of ‘‘F’’ factor used to the CEMS that could affect the ability
for a period of 2 years following the date
for calculations, method of of the CEMS to comply with
of such record.
determination, and type of fuel Performance Specification 2 or 3; and (p) The owner or operator of an
combusted; (9) Results of daily CEMS drift tests affected facility described in § 60.44b(j)
(7) Identification of times when and quarterly accuracy assessments as or (k) shall maintain records of the
hourly averages have been obtained required under appendix F, Procedure 1 following information for each steam
based on manual sampling methods; of this part. generating unit operating day:
(8) Identification of the times when (m) For each affected facility subject (1) Calendar date;
the pollutant concentration exceeded to the SO2 standards under § 60.42(b) for (2) The number of hours of operation;
full span of the CEMS; which the minimum amount of data and
(9) Description of any modifications required under § 60.47b(f) were not (3) A record of the hourly steam load.
to the CEMS that could affect the ability obtained during the reporting period, (q) The owner or operator of an
of the CEMS to comply with the following information is reported to affected facility described in § 60.44b(j)
Performance Specification 2 or 3; the Administrator in addition to that or § 60.44b(k) shall submit to the
(10) Results of daily CEMS drift tests required under paragraph (k) of this Administrator a report containing:
and quarterly accuracy assessments as section: (1) The annual capacity factor over
required under appendix F, Procedure 1 (1) The number of hourly averages the previous 12 months;
of this part; and available for outlet emission rates and (2) The average fuel nitrogen content
(11) The annual capacity factor of inlet emission rates; during the reporting period, if residual
each fired as provided under paragraph (2) The standard deviation of hourly oil was fired; and
(d) of this section. averages for outlet emission rates and (3) If the affected facility meets the
(l) For each affected facility subject to inlet emission rates, as determined in criteria described in § 60.44b(j), the
the compliance and performance testing Method 19 of appendix A of this part, results of any NOX emission tests
requirements of § 60.45b(d) and the section 7; required during the reporting period,
reporting requirements of paragraph (j) (3) The lower confidence limit for the the hours of operation during the
of this section, the following mean outlet emission rate and the upper reporting period, and the hours of
information shall be reported to the confidence limit for the mean inlet operation since the last NOX emission
Administrator: emission rate, as calculated in Method test.
(r) The owner or operator of an C.AOG incinerator for combustion of NOX emission limit for fossil fuel in
affected facility who elects to use the natural gas and chemical by-product § 60.44b(a) applies.
fuel based compliance alternatives in waste and is equal to the sum of the air (ii) When fossil fuel and chemical by-
§ 60.42b or § 60.43b shall either: flow into the reducing zone and the air product waste are simultaneously
(1) The owner or operator of an flow into the oxidation zone. combusted, the NOX emission limit is
affected facility who elects to (2) Standard for nitrogen oxides. (i) 473 ng/J (1.1 lb/MMBtu), and the air
demonstrate that the affected facility When fossil fuel alone is combusted, the ratio control damper tee handle shall be
combusts only very low sulfur oil under NOX emission limit for fossil fuel in at a minimum of 5 inches (12.7
§ 60.42b(j)(2) or § 60.42b(k)(2) shall § 60.44b(a) applies. centimeters) out of the boiler, and the
obtain and maintain at the affected (ii) When natural gas and chemical flue gas recirculation line shall be
facility fuel receipts from the fuel by-product waste are simultaneously operated at a minimum of 10 percent
supplier that certify that the oil meets combusted, the NOX emission limit is open as indicated by its valve opening
the definition of distillate oil as defined 289 ng/J (0.67 lb/MMBtu) and a position indicator.
in § 60.41b and the applicable sulfur maximum of 81 percent of the total inlet (3) Emission monitoring for nitrogen
limit. For the purposes of this section, air provided for combustion shall be oxides. (i) The air ratio control damper
the distillate oil need not meet the fuel provided to the reducing zone of the tee handle setting and the flue gas
nitrogen content specification in the C.AOG incinerator. recirculation line valve opening
definition of distillate oil. Reports shall (3) Emission monitoring. (i) The position indicator setting shall be
be submitted to the Administrator percent of total inlet air provided to the recorded during each 8-hour operating
certifying that only very low sulfur oil reducing zone shall be determined at shift.
meeting this definition and/or pipeline least every 15 minutes by measuring the (ii) The NOX emission limit shall be
quality natural gas was combusted in air flow of all the air entering the determined by the compliance and
the affected facility during the reporting reducing zone and the air flow of all the performance test methods and
period; or air entering the oxidation zone, and procedures for NOX in § 60.46b.
(2) The owner or operator of an compliance with the percentage of total (iii) The monitoring of the NOX
affected facility who elects to inlet air that is provided to the reducing emission limit shall be performed in
demonstrate compliance based on fuel zone shall be determined on a 3-hour accordance with § 60.48b.
analysis in § 60.42b or § 60.43b shall average basis. (4) Reporting and recordkeeping
develop and submit a site-specific fuel (ii) The NOX emission limit shall be requirements. (i) The owner or operator
analysis plan to the Administrator for determined by the compliance and of Boiler No. 100 shall submit a report
review and approval no later than 60 performance test methods and on any excursions from the limits
days before the date you intend to procedures for NOX in § 60.46b(i). required by paragraph (b)(2) of this
demonstrate compliance. Each fuel (iii) The monitoring of the NOX section to the Administrator with the
analysis plan shall include a minimum emission limit shall be performed in quarterly report required by § 60.49b(i).
initial requirement of weekly testing accordance with § 60.48b. (ii) The owner or operator of Boiler
and each analysis report shall contain, (4) Reporting and recordkeeping No. 100 shall keep records of the
at a minimum, the following requirements. (i) The owner or operator monitoring required by paragraph (b)(3)
information: of the C.AOG incinerator shall submit a of this section for a period of 2 years
(i) The potential sulfur emissions rate report on any excursions from the limits following the date of such record.
of the representative fuel mixture in required by paragraph (a)(2) of this (iii) The owner of operator of Boiler
ng/J heat input; section to the Administrator with the No. 100 shall perform all the applicable
(ii) The method used to determine the quarterly report required by paragraph reporting and recordkeeping
potential sulfur emissions rate of each (i) of this section. requirements of § 60.49b.
constituent of the mixture. For distillate (ii) The owner or operator of the (u) Site-specific standard for Merck &
oil and natural gas a fuel receipt or tariff C.AOG incinerator shall keep records of Co., Inc.’s Stonewall Plant in Elkton,
sheet is acceptable; the monitoring required by paragraph Virginia. (1) This paragraph (u) applies
(iii) The ratio of different fuels in the (a)(3) of this section for a period of 2 only to the pharmaceutical
mixture; and years following the date of such record. manufacturing facility, commonly
(iv) The owner or operator can (iii) The owner of operator of the referred to as the Stonewall Plant,
petition the Administrator to approve C.AOG incinerator shall perform all the located at Route 340 South, in Elkton,
monthly or quarterly sampling in place applicable reporting and recordkeeping Virginia (‘‘site’’) and only to the natural
of weekly sampling. requirements of this section. gas-fired boilers installed as part of the
(s) Facility specific NOX standard for (t) Facility-specific NOX standard for powerhouse conversion required
Cytec Industries Fortier Plant’s C.AOG Rohm and Haas Kentucky pursuant to 40 CFR 52.2454(g). The
incinerator located in Westwego, Incorporated’s Boiler No. 100 located in requirements of this paragraph shall
Louisiana: Louisville, Kentucky: apply, and the requirements of
(1) Definitions. (1) Definitions. §§ 60.40b through 60.49b(t) shall not
Oxidation zone is defined as the Air ratio control damper is defined as apply, to the natural gas-fired boilers
portion of the C.AOG incinerator that the part of the low NOX burner that is installed pursuant to 40 CFR 52.2454(g).
extends from the inlet of the oxidizing adjusted to control the split of total (i) The site shall equip the natural gas-
zone combustion air to the outlet gas combustion air delivered to the fired boilers with low NOX technology.
stack. reducing and oxidation portions of the (ii) The site shall install, calibrate,
Reducing zone is defined as the combustion flame. maintain, and operate a continuous
portion of the C.AOG incinerator that Flue gas recirculation line is defined monitoring and recording system for
extends from the burner section to the as the part of Boiler No. 100 that measuring NOX emissions discharged to
inlet of the oxidizing zone combustion recirculates a portion of the boiler flue the atmosphere and opacity using a
air. gas back into the combustion air. continuous emissions monitoring
Total inlet air is defined as the total (2) Standard for nitrogen oxides. (i) system or a predictive emissions
amount of air introduced into the When fossil fuel alone is combusted, the monitoring system.
(iii) Within 180 days of the of this section for a period of 2 years Subpart Dc—Standards of
completion of the powerhouse following the date of such record. Performance for Small Industrial—
conversion, as required by 40 CFR (iii) The owner or operator of the No. Commercial—Institutional Steam
52.2454, the site shall perform a 2 Power Boiler shall perform all the Generating Units
performance test to quantify criteria applicable reporting and recordkeeping
pollutant emissions. § 60.40c Applicability and delegation of
requirements of § 60.49b. authority.
(2) [Reserved]
(v) The owner or operator of an (y) Facility-specific NOX standard for (a) Except as provided in paragraph
affected facility may submit electronic INEOS USA’s AOGI located in Lima, (d) of this section, the affected facility
quarterly reports for SO2 and/or NOX Ohio: to which this subpart applies is each
and/or opacity in lieu of submitting the (1) Standard for NOX. (i) When fossil steam generating unit for which
written reports required under fuel alone is combusted, the NOX construction, modification, or
paragraphs (h), (i), (j), (k) or (l) of this emission limit for fossil fuel in reconstruction is commenced after June
section. The format of each quarterly § 60.44b(a) applies. 9, 1989 and that has a maximum design
electronic report shall be coordinated (ii) When fossil fuel and chemical heat input capacity of 29 megawatts
with the permitting authority. The byproduct/waste are simultaneously (MW) (100 million British thermal units
electronic report(s) shall be submitted combusted, the NOX emission limit is per hour (MMBtu/hr)) or less, but
no later than 30 days after the end of the 645 ng/J (1.5 lb/MMBtu). greater than or equal to 2.9 MW (10
calendar quarter and shall be MMBtu/hr).
accompanied by a certification (2) Emission monitoring for NOX. (i) (b) In delegating implementation and
statement from the owner or operator, The NOX emissions shall be determined enforcement authority to a State under
indicating whether compliance with the by the compliance and performance test section 111(c) of the Clean Air Act,
applicable emission standards and methods and procedures for NOX in § 60.48c(a)(4) shall be retained by the
minimum data requirements of this § 60.46b. Administrator and not transferred to a
subpart was achieved during the (ii) The monitoring of the NOX State.
reporting period. Before submitting emissions shall be performed in (c) Steam generating units that meet
reports in the electronic format, the accordance with § 60.48b. the applicability requirements in
owner or operator shall coordinate with (3) Reporting and recordkeeping paragraph (a) of this section are not
the permitting authority to obtain their requirements. (i) The owner or operator subject to the sulfur dioxide (SO2) or
agreement to submit reports in this of the AOGI shall submit a report on any particulate matter (PM) emission limits,
alternative format. excursions from the limits required by performance testing requirements, or
(w) The reporting period for the paragraph (y)(2) of this section to the monitoring requirements under this
reports required under this subpart is Administrator with the quarterly report subpart (§§ 60.42c, 60.43c, 60.44c,
each 6 month period. All reports shall required by paragraph (i) of this section. 60.45c, 60.46c, or 60.47c) during
be submitted to the Administrator and periods of combustion research, as
shall be postmarked by the 30th day (ii) The owner or operator of the AOGI
defined in § 60.41c.
following the end of the reporting shall keep records of the monitoring
required by paragraph (y)(3) of this (d) Any temporary change to an
period. existing steam generating unit for the
(x) Facility-specific NOX standard for section for a period of 2 years following
the date of such record. purpose of conducting combustion
Weyerhaeuser Company’s No. 2 Power research is not considered a
Boiler located in New Bern, North (iii) The owner or operator of the modification under § 60.14.
Carolina: AOGI shall perform all the applicable (e) Heat recovery steam generators
(1) Standard for nitrogen oxides. (i) reporting and recordkeeping that are associated with combined cycle
When fossil fuel alone is combusted, the requirements of this section. gas turbines and meet the applicability
NOX emission limit for fossil fuel in
requirements of subpart GG or KKKK of
§ 60.44b(a) applies. Subpart Dc—[Amended]
(ii) When fossil fuel and chemical by- this part are not subject to this subpart.
product waste are simultaneously 6. Subpart Dc is revised to read as This subpart will continue to apply to
combusted, the NOX emission limit is follows: all other heat recovery steam generators
215 ng/J (0.5 lb/MMBtu). that are capable of combusting more
Subpart Dc—Standards of Performance for than or equal to 2.9 MW (10 MMBtu/hr)
(2) Emission monitoring for nitrogen Small Industrial—Commercial—Institutional
oxides. (i) The NOX emissions shall be heat input of fossil fuel but less than or
Steam Generating Units equal to 29 MW (100 MMBtu/hr) heat
determined by the compliance and
Sec. input of fossil fuel. If the heat recovery
performance test methods and 60.40c Applicability and delegation of
procedures for NOX in § 60.46b. steam generator is subject to this
authority. subpart, only emissions resulting from
(ii) The monitoring of the NOX 60.41c Definitions.
emissions shall be performed in 60.42c Standard for sulfur dioxide (SO2).
combustion of fuels in the steam
accordance with § 60.48b. 60.43c Standard for particulate matter (PM). generating unit are subject to this
(3) Reporting and recordkeeping 60.44c Compliance and performance test subpart. (The gas turbine emissions are
requirements. (i) The owner or operator methods and procedures for sulfur subject to subpart GG or KKKK, as
of the No. 2 Power Boiler shall submit dioxide. applicable, of this part).
a report on any excursions from the 60.45c Compliance and performance test (f) Any facility covered by subpart
limits required by paragraph (x)(2) of methods and procedures for particulate AAAA of this part is not covered by this
matter.
this section to the Administrator with subpart.

60.46c Emission monitoring for sulfur
the quarterly report required by dioxide.
(g) Any facility covered by an EPA
§ 60.49b(i). 60.47c Emission monitoring for particulate approved State or Federal section
(ii) The owner or operator of the No. matter. 111(d)/129 plan implementing subpart
2 Power Boiler shall keep records of the 60.48c Reporting and recordkeeping BBBB of this part is not covered by this
monitoring required by paragraph (x)(3) requirements. subpart.
§ 60.41c Definitions. other units, generating electricity, or any a fuel before combustion of the fuel in
As used in this subpart, all terms not other purpose). a steam generating unit.
defined herein shall have the meaning Conventional technology means wet Heat input means heat derived from
given them in the Clean Air Act and in flue gas desulfurization technology, dry combustion of fuel in a steam generating
subpart A of this part. flue gas desulfurization technology, unit and does not include the heat
Annual capacity factor means the atmospheric fluidized bed combustion derived from preheated combustion air,
ratio between the actual heat input to a technology, and oil recirculated flue gases, or exhaust gases
steam generating unit from an hydrodesulfurization technology. from other sources (such as stationary
individual fuel or combination of fuels Distillate oil means fuel oil that gas turbines, internal combustion
during a period of 12 consecutive complies with the specifications for fuel engines, and kilns).
calendar months and the potential heat oil numbers 1 or 2, as defined by the Heat transfer medium means any
input to the steam generating unit from American Society for Testing and material that is used to transfer heat
all fuels had the steam generating unit Materials in ASTM D396 (incorporated from one point to another point.
been operated for 8,760 hours during by reference, see § 60.17). Maximum design heat input capacity
that 12-month period at the maximum Dry flue gas desulfurization means the ability of a steam generating
design heat input capacity. In the case technology means a SO2 control system unit to combust a stated maximum
of steam generating units that are rented that is located between the steam amount of fuel (or combination of fuels)
or leased, the actual heat input shall be generating unit and the exhaust vent or on a steady state basis as determined by
determined based on the combined heat stack, and that removes sulfur oxides the physical design and characteristics
input from all operations of the affected from the combustion gases of the steam of the steam generating unit.
facility during a period of 12 generating unit by contacting the Natural gas means: (1) A naturally
consecutive calendar months. combustion gases with an alkaline occurring mixture of hydrocarbon and
Coal means all solid fuels classified as slurry or solution and forming a dry nonhydrocarbon gases found in geologic
anthracite, bituminous, subbituminous, powder material. This definition formations beneath the earth’s surface,
or lignite by the American Society of includes devices where the dry powder of which the principal constituent is
Testing and Materials in ASTM D388 material is subsequently converted to methane; or (2) liquefied petroleum (LP)
(incorporated by reference, see § 60.17), another form. Alkaline reagents used in gas, as defined by the American Society
coal refuse, and petroleum coke. Coal- dry flue gas desulfurization systems for Testing and Materials in ASTM
derived synthetic fuels derived from include, but are not limited to, lime and D1835 (incorporated by reference, see
coal for the purposes of creating useful sodium compounds. § 60.17).
heat, including but not limited to Duct burner means a device that Noncontinental area means the State
solvent refined coal, gasified coal, coal- combusts fuel and that is placed in the of Hawaii, the Virgin Islands, Guam,
oil mixtures, and coal-water mixtures, exhaust duct from another source (such American Samoa, the Commonwealth of
are also included in this definition for as a stationary gas turbine, internal Puerto Rico, or the Northern Mariana
the purposes of this subpart. combustion engine, kiln, etc.) to allow Islands.
Coal refuse means any by-product of the firing of additional fuel to heat the Oil means crude oil or petroleum, or
coal mining or coal cleaning operations exhaust gases before the exhaust gases a liquid fuel derived from crude oil or
with an ash content greater than 50 enter a steam generating unit. petroleum, including distillate oil and
percent (by weight) and a heating value Emerging technology means any SO2 residual oil.
less than 13,900 kilojoules per kilogram control system that is not defined as a Potential sulfur dioxide emission rate
(kJ/kg) (6,000 Btu per pound (Btu/lb) on conventional technology under this means the theoretical SO2 emissions
a dry basis. section, and for which the owner or (nanograms per joule (ng/J) or lb/
Cogeneration steam generating unit operator of the affected facility has MMBtu heat input) that would result
means a steam generating unit that received approval from the from combusting fuel in an uncleaned
simultaneously produces both electrical Administrator to operate as an emerging state and without using emission
(or mechanical) and thermal energy technology under § 60.48c(a)(4). control systems.
from the same primary energy source. Federally enforceable means all Process heater means a device that is
Combined cycle system means a limitations and conditions that are primarily used to heat a material to
system in which a separate source (such enforceable by the Administrator, initiate or promote a chemical reaction
as a stationary gas turbine, internal including the requirements of 40 CFR in which the material participates as a
combustion engine, or kiln) provides parts 60 and 61, requirements within reactant or catalyst.
exhaust gas to a steam generating unit. any applicable State implementation Residual oil means crude oil, fuel oil
Combustion research means the plan, and any permit requirements that does not comply with the
experimental firing of any fuel or established under 40 CFR 52.21 or specifications under the definition of
combination of fuels in a steam under 40 CFR 51.18 and 51.24. distillate oil, and all fuel oil numbers 4,
generating unit for the purpose of Fluidized bed combustion technology 5, and 6, as defined by the American
conducting research and development means a device wherein fuel is Society for Testing and Materials in
of more efficient combustion or more distributed onto a bed (or series of beds) ASTM D396 (incorporated by reference,
effective prevention or control of air of limestone aggregate (or other sorbent see § 60.17).
pollutant emissions from combustion, materials) for combustion; and these Steam generating unit means a device
provided that, during these periods of materials are forced upward in the that combusts any fuel and produces
research and development, the heat device by the flow of combustion air steam or heats water or any other heat
generated is not used for any purpose and the gaseous products of transfer medium. This term includes
other than preheating combustion air for combustion. Fluidized bed combustion any duct burner that combusts fuel and
use by that steam generating unit (i.e., technology includes, but is not limited is part of a combined cycle system. This
the heat generated is released to the to, bubbling bed units and circulating term does not include process heaters as
atmosphere without being used for bed units. defined in this subpart.
space heating, process heating, driving Fuel pretreatment means a process Steam generating unit operating day
pumps, preheating combustion air for that removes a portion of the sulfur in means a 24-hour period between 12:00
midnight and the following midnight the date on which the performance test (2) Affected facilities that have an
during which any fuel is combusted at is completed or required to be annual capacity for coal of 55 percent
any time in the steam generating unit. completed under § 60.8, whichever date (0.55) or less and are subject to a
It is not necessary for fuel to be comes first, the owner or operator of an federally enforceable requirement
combusted continuously for the entire affected facility that: limiting operation of the affected facility
24-hour period. (1) Combusts only coal refuse alone in to an annual capacity factor for coal of
Wet flue gas desulfurization a fluidized bed combustion steam 55 percent (0.55) or less.
technology means an SO2 control system generating unit shall neither: (3) Affected facilities located in a
that is located between the steam (i) Cause to be discharged into the noncontinental area.
generating unit and the exhaust vent or atmosphere from that affected facility (4) Affected facilities that combust
stack, and that removes sulfur oxides any gases that contain SO2 in excess of coal in a duct burner as part of a
from the combustion gases of the steam 87 ng/J (0.20 lb/MMBtu) heat input or combined cycle system where 30
generating unit by contacting the 20 percent (0.20) of the potential SO2 percent (0.30) or less of the heat
combustion gases with an alkaline emission rate (80 percent reduction); entering the steam generating unit is
slurry or solution and forming a liquid nor from combustion of coal in the duct
material. This definition includes (ii) Cause to be discharged into the burner and 70 percent (0.70) or more of
devices where the liquid material is atmosphere from that affected facility the heat entering the steam generating
subsequently converted to another form. any gases that contain SO2 in excess of unit is from exhaust gases entering the
Alkaline reagents used in wet flue gas 520 ng/J (1.2 lb/MMBtu) heat input. If duct burner.
desulfurization systems include, but are coal is fired with coal refuse, the (d) On and after the date on which the
not limited to, lime, limestone, and affected facility is subject to paragraph initial performance test is completed or
sodium compounds. (a) of this section. If oil or any other fuel required to be completed under § 60.8,
Wet scrubber system means any (except coal) is fired with coal refuse, whichever date comes first, no owner or
emission control device that mixes an the affected facility is subject to the 87 operator of an affected facility that
aqueous stream or slurry with the ng/J (0.20 lb/MMBtu) heat input SO2 combusts oil shall cause to be
exhaust gases from a steam generating emissions limit or the 90 percent SO2 discharged into the atmosphere from
unit to control emissions of PM or SO2. reduction requirement specified in that affected facility any gases that
Wood means wood, wood residue, contain SO2 in excess of 215 ng/J (0.50
paragraph (a) of this section and the
bark, or any derivative fuel or residue lb/MMBtu) heat input; or, as an
emission limit is determined pursuant
thereof, in any form, including but not alternative, no owner or operator of an
to paragraph (e)(2) of this section.
limited to sawdust, sanderdust, wood affected facility that combusts oil shall
(2) Combusts only coal and that uses
chips, scraps, slabs, millings, shavings, combust oil in the affected facility that
an emerging technology for the control
and processed pellets made from wood contains greater than 0.5 weight percent
of SO2 emissions shall neither:
or other forest residues. sulfur. The percent reduction
(i) Cause to be discharged into the
§ 60.42c Standard for sulfur dioxide (SO2). atmosphere from that affected facility requirements are not applicable to
(a) Except as provided in paragraphs any gases that contain SO2 in excess of affected facilities under this paragraph.
(b), (c), and (e) of this section, on and 50 percent (0.50) of the potential SO2 (e) On and after the date on which the
after the date on which the performance emission rate (50 percent reduction); initial performance test is completed or
test is completed or required to be nor required to be completed under § 60.8,
completed under § 60.8, whichever date (ii) Cause to be discharged into the whichever date comes first, no owner or
comes first, the owner or operator of an atmosphere from that affected facility operator of an affected facility that
affected facility that combusts only coal any gases that contain SO2 in excess of combusts coal, oil, or coal and oil with
shall neither: Cause to be discharged 260 ng/J (0.60 lb/MMBtu) heat input. If any other fuel shall cause to be
into the atmosphere from the affected coal is combusted with other fuels, the discharged into the atmosphere from
facility any gases that contain SO2 in affected facility is subject to the 50 that affected facility any gases that
excess of 87 ng/J (0.20 lb/MMBtu) heat percent SO2 reduction requirement contain SO2 in excess of the following:
specified in this paragraph and the (1) The percent of potential SO2
input or 10 percent (0.10) of the
emission limit determined pursuant to emission rate or numerical SO2
potential SO2 emission rate (90 percent
paragraph (e)(2) of this section. emission rate required under paragraph
reduction), nor cause to be discharged
(c) On and after the date on which the (a) or (b)(2) of this section, as applicable,
into the atmosphere from the affected
initial performance test is completed or for any affected facility that
facility any gases that contain SO2 in
required to be completed under § 60.8, (i) Combusts coal in combination with
excess of 520 ng/J (1.2 lb/MMBtu) heat
whichever date comes first, no owner or any other fuel;
input. If coal is combusted with other
operator of an affected facility that (ii) Has a heat input capacity greater
fuels, the affected facility shall neither:
combusts coal, alone or in combination than 22 MW (75 MMBtu/hr); and
Cause to be discharged into the
with any other fuel, and is listed in (iii) Has an annual capacity factor for
atmosphere from the affected facility
paragraphs (c)(1), (2), (3), or (4) of this coal greater than 55 percent (0.55); and
any gases that contain SO2 in excess of (2) The emission limit determined
87 ng/J (0.20 lb/MMBtu) heat input or section shall cause to be discharged into
according to the following formula for
10 percent (0.10) of the potential SO2 the atmosphere from that affected
any affected facility that combusts coal,
emission rate (90 percent reduction), facility any gases that contain SO2 in
oil, or coal and oil with any other fuel:
nor cause to be discharged into the excess of the emission limit determined
atmosphere from the affected facility pursuant to paragraph (e)(2) of this
(K a H a + K b H b + K c H c )
any gases that contain SO2 in excess of section. Percent reduction requirements Es =
the emission limit is determined are not applicable to affected facilities (H a + H b + H c )
pursuant to paragraph (e)(2) of this under paragraphs (c)(1), (2), (3), or (4).
section. (1) Affected facilities that have a heat Where:
(b) Except as provided in paragraphs input capacity of 22 MW (75 MMBtu/hr) Es = SO2 emission limit, expressed in ng/J or
EP09FE07.036</MATH>
(c) and (e) of this section, on and after or less. lb/MMBtu heat input;
Ka = 520 ng/J (1.2 lb/MMBtu); whichever date comes first, no owner or minute period per hour of not more than
Kb = 260 ng/J (0.60 lb/MMBtu); operator of an affected facility that 27 percent opacity.
Kc = 215 ng/J (0.50 lb/MMBtu); commenced construction, (d) The PM and opacity standards
Ha = Heat input from the combustion of coal, reconstruction, or modification on or under this section apply at all times,
except coal combusted in an affected except during periods of startup,
facility subject to paragraph (b)(2) of this
before February 28, 2005, that combusts
section, in Joules (J) [MMBtu]; coal or combusts mixtures of coal with shutdown, or malfunction.
Hb = Heat input from the combustion of coal other fuels and has a heat input capacity (e)(1) On and after the date on which
in an affected facility subject to of 8.7 MW (30 MMBtu/hr) or greater, the initial performance test is completed
paragraph (b)(2) of this section, in J shall cause to be discharged into the or is required to be completed under
(MMBtu); and atmosphere from that affected facility § 60.8, whichever date comes first, no
Hc KaHb = Heat input from the combustion any gases that contain PM in excess of owner or operator of an affected facility
of oil, in J (MMBtu). the following emission limits: that commences construction,
(f) Reduction in the potential SO2 (1) 22 ng/J (0.051 lb/MMBtu) heat reconstruction, or modification after
emission rate through fuel pretreatment input if the affected facility combusts February 28, 2005, and that combusts
is not credited toward the percent only coal, or combusts coal with other coal, oil, wood, a mixture of these fuels,
reduction requirement under paragraph fuels and has an annual capacity factor or a mixture of these fuels with any
(b)(2) of this section unless: for the other fuels of 10 percent (0.10) other fuels and has a heat input capacity
(1) Fuel pretreatment results in a 50 or less. of 8.7 MW (30 MMBtu/hr) or greater
percent (0.50) or greater reduction in the (2) 43 ng/J (0.10 lb/MMBtu) heat input shall cause to be discharged into the
potential SO2 emission rate; and if the affected facility combusts coal atmosphere from that affected facility
(2) Emissions from the pretreated fuel with other fuels, has an annual capacity any gases that contain PM in excess of
(without either combustion or post- factor for the other fuels greater than 10 13 ng/J (0.030 lb/MMBtu) heat input,
combustion SO2 control) are equal to or percent (0.10), and is subject to a except as provided in paragraphs (e)(2),
less than the emission limits specified (e)(3), and (e)(4) of this section.
federally enforceable requirement
under paragraph (b)(2) of this section. (2) As an alternative to meeting the
limiting operation of the affected facility
(g) Except as provided in paragraph requirements of paragraph (e)(1) of this
to an annual capacity factor greater than section, the owner or operator of an
(h) of this section, compliance with the 10 percent (0.10) for fuels other than
percent reduction requirements, fuel oil affected facility for which modification
coal. commenced after February 28, 2005,
sulfur limits, and emission limits of this (b) On and after the date on which the
section shall be determined on a 30-day may elect to meet the requirements of
initial performance test is completed or this paragraph. On and after the date on
rolling average basis. required to be completed under § 60.8,
(h) For affected facilities listed under which the initial performance test is
whichever date comes first, no owner or completed or required to be completed
paragraphs (h)(1), (2), or (3) of this operator of an affected facility that
section, compliance with the emission under § 60.8, whichever date comes
commenced construction, first, no owner or operator of an affected
limits or fuel oil sulfur limits under this reconstruction, or modification on or
section may be determined based on a facility that commences modification
before February 28, 2005, that combusts after February 28, 2005 shall cause to be
certification from the fuel supplier, as wood or combusts mixtures of wood
described under § 60.48c(f), as discharged into the atmosphere from
with other fuels (except coal) and has a that affected facility any gases that
applicable. heat input capacity of 8.7 MW (30
(1) Distillate oil-fired affected contain PM in excess of both:
MMBtu/hr) or greater, shall cause to be (i) 22 ng/J (0.051 lb/MMBtu) heat
facilities with heat input capacities discharged into the atmosphere from
between 2.9 and 29 MW (10 and 100 input derived from the combustion of
that affected facility any gases that coal, oil, wood, a mixture of these fuels,
MMBtu/hr). contain PM in excess of the following
(2) Residual oil-fired affected facilities or a mixture of these fuels with any
emissions limits: other fuels; and
with heat input capacities between 2.9 (1) 43 ng/J (0.10 lb/MMBtu) heat input
and 8.7 MW (10 and 30 MMBtu/hr). (ii) 0.2 percent of the combustion
if the affected facility has an annual concentration (99.8 percent reduction)
(3) Coal-fired facilities with heat input
capacity factor for wood greater than 30 when combusting coal, oil, wood, a
capacities between 2.9 and 8.7 MW (10
percent (0.30); or mixture of these fuels, or a mixture of
and 30 MMBtu/hr).
(i) The SO2 emission limits, fuel oil (2) 130 ng/J (0.30 lb/MMBtu) heat these fuels with any other fuels.
sulfur limits, and percent reduction input if the affected facility has an (3) On and after the date on which the
requirements under this section apply at annual capacity factor for wood of 30 initial performance test is completed or
all times, including periods of startup, percent (0.30) or less and is subject to is required to be completed under
shutdown, and malfunction. a federally enforceable requirement § 60.8, whichever date comes first, no
(j) Only the heat input supplied to the limiting operation of the affected facility owner or operator of an affected facility
affected facility from the combustion of to an annual capacity factor for wood of that commences modification after
coal and oil is counted under this 30 percent (0.30) or less. February 28, 2005, and that combusts
section. No credit is provided for the (c) On and after the date on which the over 30 percent wood (by heat input) on
heat input to the affected facility from initial performance test is completed or an annual basis and has a heat input
wood or other fuels or for heat derived required to be completed under § 60.8, capacity of 8.7 MW (30 MMBtu/hr) or
from exhaust gases from other sources, whichever date comes first, no owner or greater shall cause to be discharged into
such as stationary gas turbines, internal operator of an affected facility that the atmosphere from that affected
combustion engines, and kilns. combusts coal, wood, or oil and has a facility any gases that contain PM in
heat input capacity of 8.7 MW (30 excess of 43 ng/J (0.10 lb/MMBtu) heat
§ 60.43c Standard for particulate matter MMBtu/hr) or greater shall cause to be input.
(PM). discharged into the atmosphere from (4) On and after the date on which the
(a) On and after the date on which the that affected facility any gases that initial performance test is completed or
initial performance test is completed or exhibit greater than 20 percent opacity is required to be completed under
required to be completed under § 60.8, (6-minute average), except for one 6- § 60.8, whichever date comes first, no
owner or operator of an affected facility average SO2 emission rate (Eao). The %Rg = SO2 removal efficiency of the control
that commences construction, hourly averages used to compute the 30- device as determined by Method 19 of
reconstruction, or modification after day averages are obtained from the appendix A of this part, in percent; and
%Rf = SO2 removal efficiency of fuel
February 28, 2005, and that combusts CEMS. Method 19 of appendix A of this
pretreatment as determined by Method
only oil that contains no more than 0.50 part shall be used to calculate Eao when 19 of appendix A of this part, in percent.
weight percent sulfur or a mixture of using daily fuel sampling or Method 6B
0.50 weight percent sulfur oil with other of appendix A of this part. (2) If coal, oil, or coal and oil are
fuels not subject to a PM standard under combusted with other fuels, the same
(e) If coal, oil, or coal and oil are procedures required in paragraph (f)(1)
§ 60.43c and not using a post combusted with other fuels:
combustion technology (except a wet of this section are used, except as
scrubber) to reduce PM or SO2 (1) An adjusted Eho (Ehoo) is used in provided for in the following:
emissions is subject to the PM limit in Equation 19–19 of Method 19 of (i) To compute the %Ps, an adjusted
this section. appendix A of this part to compute the %Rg (%Rgo) is computed from Eaoo from
adjusted Eao (Eaoo). The Ehoo is computed paragraph (e)(1) of this section and an
§ 60.44c Compliance and performance test using the following formula: adjusted average SO2 inlet rate (Eaio)
methods and procedures for sulfur dioxide. using the following formula:
(a) Except as provided in paragraphs E ho − E w (1 + X k )
(g) and (h) of this section and § 60.8(b), E oho =
Xk  Eo 
performance tests required under § 60.8 %R go = 100 1 − aoo 
shall be conducted following the  E ai 
Where:
procedures specified in paragraphs (b),
Ehoo = Adjusted Eho, ng/J (lb/MMBtu);
(c), (d), (e), and (f) of this section, as Eho = Hourly SO2 emission rate, ng/J (lb/
Where:
applicable. Section 60.8(f) does not MMBtu); %Rgo = Adjusted %Rg, in percent;
apply to this section. The 30-day notice Ew = SO2 concentration in fuels other than Eaoo = Adjusted Eao, ng/J (lb/MMBtu); and
required in § 60.8(d) applies only to the coal and oil combusted in the affected Eaio = Adjusted average SO2 inlet rate, ng/J
initial performance test unless facility, as determined by fuel sampling (lb/MMBtu).
otherwise specified by the and analysis procedures in Method 9 of (ii) To compute Eaio, an adjusted
Administrator. appendix A of this part, ng/J (lb/ hourly SO2 inlet rate (Ehio) is used. The
(b) The initial performance test MMBtu). The value Ew for each fuel lot Ehio is computed using the following
required under § 60.8 shall be is used for each hourly average during formula:
the time that the lot is being combusted.
conducted over 30 consecutive
The owner or operator does not have to
operating days of the steam generating E hi − E w (1 − X k )
unit. Compliance with the percent
measure Ew if the owner or operator E ohi =
elects to assume Ew=0. Xk
reduction requirements and SO2 Xk = Fraction of the total heat input from fuel
emission limits under § 60.42c shall be combustion derived from coal and oil, as Where:
determined using a 30-day average. The determined by applicable procedures in Ehio = Adjusted Ehi, ng/J (lb/MMBtu);
first operating day included in the Method 19 of appendix A of this part. Ehi = Hourly SO2 inlet rate, ng/J (lb/MMBtu);
initial performance test shall be Ew = SO2 concentration in fuels other than
(2) The owner or operator of an
scheduled within 30 days after coal and oil combusted in the affected
affected facility that qualifies under the facility, as determined by fuel sampling
achieving the maximum production rate
provisions of § 60.42c(c) or (d) (where and analysis procedures in Method 19 of
at which the affect facility will be
percent reduction is not required) does appendix A of this part, ng/J (lb/
operated, but not later than 180 days
not have to measure the parameters Ew MMBtu). The value Ew for each fuel lot
after the initial startup of the facility. is used for each hourly average during
or Xk if the owner or operator of the
The steam generating unit load during the time that the lot is being combusted.
affected facility elects to measure
the 30-day period does not have to be The owner or operator does not have to
emission rates of the coal or oil using
the maximum design heat input measure Ew if the owner or operator
the fuel sampling and analysis
capacity, but must be representative of elects to assume Ew = 0; and
procedures under Method 19 of Xk = Fraction of the total heat input from fuel
future operating conditions.
(c) After the initial performance test appendix A of this part. combustion derived from coal and oil, as
required under paragraph (b) of this (f) Affected facilities subject to the determined by applicable procedures in
section and § 60.8, compliance with the percent reduction requirements under Method 19 of appendix A of this part.
percent reduction requirements and SO2 § 60.42c(a) or (b) shall determine (g) For oil-fired affected facilities
emission limits under § 60.42c is based compliance with the SO2 emission where the owner or operator seeks to
limits under § 60.42c pursuant to
EP09FE07.040</MATH>
on the average percent reduction and demonstrate compliance with the fuel
the average SO2 emission rates for 30 paragraphs (d) or (e) of this section, and oil sulfur limits under § 60.42c based on
consecutive steam generating unit shall determine compliance with the shipment fuel sampling, the initial
operating days. A separate performance percent reduction requirements using performance test shall consist of
test is completed at the end of each the following procedures: sampling and analyzing the oil in the
EP09FE07.039</MATH>
steam generating unit operating day, (1) If only coal is combusted, the initial tank of oil to be fired in the steam
and a new 30-day average percent percent of potential SO2 emission rate is generating unit to demonstrate that the
reduction and SO2 emission rate are computed using the following formula: oil contains 0.5 weight percent sulfur or
calculated to show compliance with the less. Thereafter, the owner or operator of
standard. the affected facility shall sample the oil
 %R g   %R f 
EP09FE07.038</MATH>
(d) If only coal, only oil, or a mixture %Ps = 100 1 −  1 − in the fuel tank after each new shipment
of coal and oil is combusted in an  100  100  of oil is received, as described under
affected facility, the procedures in § 60.46c(d)(2).
Method 19 of appendix A of this part Where: (h) For affected facilities subject to
are used to determine the hourly SO2 %Ps = Potential SO2 emission rate, in § 60.42c(h)(1), (2), or (3) where the
EP09FE07.037</MATH>
emission rate (Eho) and the 30-day percent; owner or operator seeks to demonstrate
compliance with the SO2 standards (3) Method 5, 5B, or 17 of appendix this capacity for 24 hours. This
based on fuel supplier certification, the A of this part shall be used to measure demonstration shall be made during the
performance test shall consist of the the concentration of PM as follows: initial performance test, and a
certification, the certification from the (i) Method 5 of appendix A of this subsequent demonstration may be
fuel supplier, as described under part may be used only at affected requested at any other time. If the
§ 60.48c(f), as applicable. facilities without wet scrubber systems. demonstrated 24-hour average firing rate
(ii) Method 17 of appendix A of this for the affected facility is less than the
(i) The owner or operator of an
part may be used at affected facilities maximum design heat input capacity
affected facility seeking to demonstrate
with or without wet scrubber systems stated by the manufacturer of the
compliance with the SO2 standards
provided the stack gas temperature does affected facility, the demonstrated 24-
under § 60.42c(c)(2) shall demonstrate
not exceed a temperature of 160 °C (320 hour average firing rate shall be used to
the maximum design heat input
°F). The procedures of Sections 8.1 and determine the annual capacity factor for
capacity of the steam generating unit by
11.1 of Method 5B of appendix A of this the affected facility; otherwise, the
operating the steam generating unit at
part may be used in Method 17 of maximum design heat input capacity
this capacity for 24 hours. This
appendix A of this part only if Method provided by the manufacturer shall be
demonstration shall be made during the
17 of appendix A of this part is used in used.
initial performance test, and a
conjunction with a wet scrubber system. (c) In place of PM testing with EPA
subsequent demonstration may be
Method 17 of appendix A of this part Reference Method 5, 5B, or 17 of
requested at any other time. If the
shall not be used in conjunction with a appendix A of this part, an owner or
demonstrated 24-hour average firing rate
wet scrubber system if the effluent is operator may elect to install, calibrate,
for the affected facility is less than the
saturated or laden with water droplets. maintain, and operate a CEMS for
maximum design heat input capacity
(iii) Method 5B of appendix A of this monitoring PM emissions discharged to
stated by the manufacturer of the
part may be used in conjunction with a the atmosphere and record the output of
affected facility, the demonstrated 24-
wet scrubber system. the system. The owner or operator of an
hour average firing rate shall be used to (4) The sampling time for each run
determine the annual capacity factor for affected facility who elects to
shall be at least 120 minutes and the continuously monitor PM emissions
the affected facility; otherwise, the minimum sampling volume shall be 1.7
maximum design heat input capacity instead of conducting performance
dry standard cubic meters (dscm) [60 testing using EPA Method 5, 5B, or 17
provided by the manufacturer shall be dry standard cubic feet (dscf)] except
used. of appendix A of this part shall install,
that smaller sampling times or volumes calibrate, maintain, and operate a CEMS
(j) The owner or operator of an may be approved by the Administrator and shall comply with the requirements
affected facility shall use all valid SO2 when necessitated by process variables specified in paragraphs (c)(1) through
emissions data in calculating %Ps and or other factors. (c)(13) of this section.
Eho under paragraphs (d), (e), or (f) of (5) For Method 5 or 5B of appendix (1) Notify the Administrator 1 month
this section, as applicable, whether or A of this part, the temperature of the before starting use of the system.
not the minimum emissions data sample gas in the probe and filter holder (2) Notify the Administrator 1 month
requirements under § 60.46c(f) are shall be monitored and maintained at before stopping use of the system.
achieved. All valid emissions data, 160±14 °C (320±25 °F).
(3) The monitor shall be installed,
including valid data collected during (6) For determination of PM
evaluated, and operated in accordance
periods of startup, shutdown, and emissions, an oxygen (O2) or carbon
with § 60.13 of subpart A of this part.
malfunction, shall be used in dioxide (CO2) measurement shall be
obtained simultaneously with each run (4) The initial performance evaluation
calculating %Ps or Eho pursuant to
of Method 5, 5B, or 17 of appendix A shall be completed no later than 180
paragraphs (d), (e), or (f) of this section,
of this part by traversing the duct at the days after the date of initial startup of
as applicable.
same sampling location. the affected facility, as specified under
§ 60.45c Compliance and performance test (7) For each run using Method 5, 5B, § 60.8 of subpart A of this part or within
methods and procedures for particulate or 17 of appendix A of this part, the 180 days of notification to the
matter. Administrator of use of CEMS if the
emission rates expressed in ng/J (lb/
(a) The owner or operator of an MMBtu) heat input shall be determined owner or operator was previously
affected facility subject to the PM and/ using: determining compliance by Method 5,
or opacity standards under § 60.43c (i) The O2 or CO2 measurements and 5B, or 17 of appendix A of this part
shall conduct an initial performance test PM measurements obtained under this performance tests, whichever is later.
as required under § 60.8, and shall section, (5) The owner or operator of an
conduct subsequent performance tests (ii) The dry basis F factor, and affected facility shall conduct an initial
as requested by the Administrator, to (iii) The dry basis emission rate performance test for PM emissions as
determine compliance with the calculation procedure contained in required under § 60.8 of subpart A of
standards using the following Method 19 of appendix A of this part. this part. Compliance with the PM
procedures and reference methods, (8) Method 9 of appendix A of this emission limit shall be determined by
except as specified in paragraph (c) of part (6-minute average of 24 using the CEMS specified in paragraph
this section. observations) shall be used for (d) of this section to measure PM and
determining the opacity of stack calculating a 24-hour block arithmetic
(1) Method 1 of appendix A of this emissions. average emission concentration using
part shall be used to select the sampling (b) The owner or operator of an EPA Reference Method 19 of appendix
site and the number of traverse
affected facility seeking to demonstrate A of this part, section 4.1.

sampling points. compliance with the PM standards (6) Compliance with the PM emission
(2) Method 3 of appendix A of this under § 60.43c(b)(2) shall demonstrate limit shall be determined based on the
part shall be used for gas analysis when the maximum design heat input 24-hour daily (block) average of the
applying Method 5, 5B, or 17 of capacity of the steam generating unit by hourly arithmetic average emission
appendix A of this part. operating the steam generating unit at concentrations using CEMS outlet data.
(7) At a minimum, valid CEMS hourly certifications are only allowed for steam generating unit if no SO2 control
averages shall be obtained as specified facilities with heat input capacities device is used) shall be 125 percent of
in paragraph (d)(7)(i) of this section for between 2.9 and 8.7 MW (10 to 30 the maximum estimated hourly
75 percent of the total operating hours MMBtu/hr). potential SO2 emission rate of the fuel
per 30-day rolling average. combusted.
(i) At least two data points per hour § 60.46c Emission monitoring for sulfur (d) As an alternative to operating a
dioxide CEMS at the inlet to the SO2 control
shall be used to calculate each 1-hour
arithmetic average. (a) Except as provided in paragraphs device (or outlet of the steam generating
(ii) [Reserved] (d) and (e) of this section, the owner or unit if no SO2 control device is used) as
(8) The 1-hour arithmetic averages operator of an affected facility subject to required under paragraph (a) of this
required under paragraph (d)(7) of this the SO2 emission limits under § 60.42c section, an owner or operator may elect
section shall be expressed in ng/J or lb/ shall install, calibrate, maintain, and to determine the average SO2 emission
MMBtu heat input and shall be used to operate a CEMS for measuring SO2 rate by sampling the fuel prior to
calculate the boiler operating day daily concentrations and either O2 or CO2 combustion. As an alternative to
arithmetic average emission concentrations at the outlet of the SO2 operating a CEMS at the outlet from the
concentrations. The 1-hour arithmetic control device (or the outlet of the steam SO2 control device (or outlet of the
averages shall be calculated using the generating unit if no SO2 control device steam generating unit if no SO2 control
data points required under § 60.13(e)(2) is used), and shall record the output of device is used) as required under
of subpart A of this part. the system. The owner or operator of an paragraph (a) of this section, an owner
(9) All valid CEMS data shall be used affected facility subject to the percent or operator may elect to determine the
in calculating average emission reduction requirements under § 60.42c average SO2 emission rate by using
concentrations even if the minimum shall measure SO2 concentrations and Method 6B of appendix A of this part.
CEMS data requirements of paragraph either O2 or CO2 concentrations at both Fuel sampling shall be conducted
(d)(7) of this section are not met. the inlet and outlet of the SO2 control pursuant to either paragraph (d)(1) or
(10) The CEMS shall be operated device. (d)(2) of this section. Method 6B of
according to Performance Specification (b) The 1-hour average SO2 emission appendix A of this part shall be
11 in appendix B of this part. rates measured by a CEMS shall be conducted pursuant to paragraph (d)(3)
(11) During the correlation testing expressed in ng/J or lb/MMBtu heat of this section.
runs of the CEMS required by input and shall be used to calculate the (1) For affected facilities combusting
Performance Specification 11 in average emission rates under § 60.42c. coal or oil, coal or oil samples shall be
appendix B of this part, PM and O2 (or Each 1-hour average SO2 emission rate collected daily in an as-fired condition
CO2) data shall be collected must be based on at least 30 minutes of at the inlet to the steam generating unit
concurrently (or within a 30-to 60- operation and include at least 2 data and analyzed for sulfur content and heat
minute period) by both the continuous points representing two 15-minute content according to Method 19 of
emission monitors and the test methods periods. Hourly SO2 emission rates are appendix A of this part. Method 19 of
specified in paragraph (d)(7)(i) of this not calculated if the affected facility is appendix A of this part provides
section. operated less than 30 minutes in a 1- procedures for converting these
(i) For PM, EPA Reference Method 5, hour period and are not counted toward measurements into the format to be used
5B, or 17 of appendix A of this part determination of a steam generating unit in calculating the average SO2 input
shall be used. operating day. rate.
(ii) For O2 (or CO2), EPA reference (c) The procedures under § 60.13 shall (2) As an alternative fuel sampling
Method 3, 3A, or 3B of appendix A of be followed for installation, evaluation, procedure for affected facilities
this part, as applicable shall be used. and operation of the CEMS. combusting oil, oil samples may be
(12) Quarterly accuracy (1) All CEMS shall be operated in collected from the fuel tank for each
determinations and daily calibration accordance with the applicable steam generating unit immediately after
drift tests shall be performed in procedures under Performance the fuel tank is filled and before any oil
accordance with procedure 2 in Specifications 1, 2, and 3 of appendix B is combusted. The owner or operator of
appendix F of this part. Relative of this part. the affected facility shall analyze the oil
Response Audit’s must be performed (2) Quarterly accuracy determinations sample to determine the sulfur content
annually and Response Correlation and daily calibration drift tests shall be of the oil. If a partially empty fuel tank
Audits must be performed every 3 years. performed in accordance with is refilled, a new sample and analysis of
(13) When PM emissions data are not Procedure 1 of appendix F of this part. the fuel in the tank would be required
obtained because of CEMS breakdowns, (3) For affected facilities subject to the upon filling. Results of the fuel analysis
repairs, calibration checks, and zero and percent reduction requirements under taken after each new shipment of oil is
span adjustments, emissions data shall § 60.42c, the span value of the SO2 received shall be used as the daily value
be obtained by using other monitoring CEMS at the inlet to the SO2 control when calculating the 30-day rolling
systems as approved by the device shall be 125 percent of the average until the next shipment is
Administrator or EPA Reference Method maximum estimated hourly potential received. If the fuel analysis shows that
19 of appendix A of this part to provide, SO2 emission rate of the fuel combusted, the sulfur content in the fuel tank is
as necessary, valid emissions data for a and the span value of the SO2 CEMS at greater than 0.5 weight percent sulfur,
minimum of 75 percent of total the outlet from the SO2 control device the owner or operator shall ensure that
operating hours on a 30-day rolling shall be 50 percent of the maximum the sulfur content of subsequent oil
average. estimated hourly potential SO2 emission shipments is low enough to cause the
(d) The owner or operator of an rate of the fuel combusted. 30-day rolling average sulfur content to
affected facility seeking to demonstrate (4) For affected facilities that are not be 0.5 weight percent sulfur or less.
compliance under § 60.43c(e)(4) shall subject to the percent reduction (3) Method 6B of appendix A of this
follow the applicable procedures under requirements of § 60.42c, the span value part may be used in lieu of CEMS to
§ 60.48c(f). For residual oil-fired of the SO2 CEMS at the outlet from the measure SO2 at the inlet or outlet of the
affected facilities, fuel supplier SO2 control device (or outlet of the SO2 control system. An initial
stratification test is required to verify (b) All COMS for measuring opacity the provisions of § 60.42c(a) or (b)(1),
the adequacy of the Method 6B of shall be operated in accordance with the unless and until this determination is
appendix A of this part sampling applicable procedures under made by the Administrator.
location. The stratification test shall Performance Specification 1 of (b) The owner or operator of each
consist of three paired runs of a suitable appendix B of this part. The span value affected facility subject to the SO2
SO2 and CO2 measurement train of the opacity COMS shall be between emission limits of § 60.42c, or the PM or
operated at the candidate location and 60 and 80 percent. opacity limits of § 60.43c, shall submit
a second similar train operated (c) Affected facilities that burn only to the Administrator the performance
according to the procedures in § 3.2 and distillate oil that contains no more than test data from the initial and any
the applicable procedures in section 7 of 0.5 weight percent sulfur and/or liquid subsequent performance tests and, if
Performance Specification 2 of or gaseous fuels with potential sulfur applicable, the performance evaluation
appendix B of this part. Method 6B of dioxide emission rates of 26 ng/J (0.06 of the CEMS and/or COMS using the
appendix A of this part, Method 6A of lb/MMBtu) heat input or less and that applicable performance specifications in
appendix A of this part, or a do not use a post combustion appendix B of this part.
combination of Methods 6 and 3 of technology to reduce SO2 or PM (c) The owner or operator of each
appendix A of this part or Methods 6C emissions are not required to operate a coal-fired, oil-fired, or wood-fired
and 3A of appendix A of this part are CEMS for measuring opacity if they affected facility subject to the opacity
suitable measurement techniques. If follow the applicable procedures under limits under § 60.43c(c) shall submit
Method 6B of appendix A of this part § 60.48c(f). excess emission reports for any excess
is used for the second train, sampling (d) Owners or operators complying emissions from the affected facility that
time and timer operation may be with the PM emission limit by using a occur during the reporting period.
adjusted for the stratification test as long PM CEMS monitor instead of (d) The owner or operator of each
as an adequate sample volume is monitoring opacity must calibrate, affected facility subject to the SO2
collected; however, both sampling trains maintain, and operate a CEMS, and emission limits, fuel oil sulfur limits, or
are to be operated similarly. For the record the output of the system, for PM percent reduction requirements under
location to be adequate for Method 6B emissions discharged to the atmosphere § 60.42c shall submit reports to the
of appendix A of this part 24-hour tests, as specified in § 60.45c(d). The CEMS Administrator.
the mean of the absolute difference specified in paragraph § 60.45c(d) shall (e) The owner or operator of each
between the three paired runs must be be operated and data recorded during all affected facility subject to the SO2
less than 10 percent (0.10). periods of operation of the affected emission limits, fuel oil sulfur limits, or
(e) The monitoring requirements of facility except for CEMS breakdowns percent reduction requirements under
paragraphs (a) and (d) of this section and repairs. Data is recorded during § 60.42c shall keep records and submit
shall not apply to affected facilities calibration checks, and zero and span reports as required under paragraph (d)
subject to § 60.42c(h)(1), (2), or (3) adjustments. of this section, including the following
where the owner or operator of the information, as applicable.
affected facility seeks to demonstrate § 60.48c Reporting and recordkeeping (1) Calendar dates covered in the
compliance with the SO2 standards requirements. reporting period.
based on fuel supplier certification, as (a) The owner or operator of each (2) Each 30-day average SO2 emission
described under § 60.48c(f), as affected facility shall submit notification rate (ng/J or lb/MMBtu), or 30-day
applicable. of the date of construction or average sulfur content (weight percent),
(f) The owner or operator of an reconstruction and actual startup, as calculated during the reporting period,
affected facility operating a CEMS provided by § 60.7 of this part. This ending with the last 30-day period;
pursuant to paragraph (a) of this section, notification shall include: reasons for any noncompliance with the
or conducting as-fired fuel sampling (1) The design heat input capacity of emission standards; and a description of
pursuant to paragraph (d)(1) of this the affected facility and identification of corrective actions taken.
section, shall obtain emission data for at fuels to be combusted in the affected (3) Each 30-day average percent of
least 75 percent of the operating hours facility. potential SO2 emission rate calculated
in at least 22 out of 30 successive steam (2) If applicable, a copy of any during the reporting period, ending with
generating unit operating days. If this federally enforceable requirement that the last 30-day period; reasons for any
minimum data requirement is not met limits the annual capacity factor for any noncompliance with the emission
with a single monitoring system, the fuel or mixture of fuels under § 60.42c, standards; and a description of the
owner or operator of the affected facility or § 60.43c. corrective actions taken.
shall supplement the emission data with (3) The annual capacity factor at (4) Identification of any steam
data collected with other monitoring which the owner or operator anticipates generating unit operating days for which
systems as approved by the operating the affected facility based on SO2 or diluent (O2 or CO2) data have not
Administrator. all fuels fired and based on each been obtained by an approved method
individual fuel fired. for at least 75 percent of the operating
§ 60.47c Emission monitoring for (4) Notification if an emerging hours; justification for not obtaining
particulate matter. technology will be used for controlling sufficient data; and a description of
(a) Except as provided in paragraphs SO2 emissions. The Administrator will corrective actions taken.
(c) and (d) of this section, the owner or examine the description of the control (5) Identification of any times when
operator of an affected facility device and will determine whether the emissions data have been excluded from
combusting coal, oil, or wood that is technology qualifies as an emerging the calculation of average emission
subject to the opacity standards under technology. In making this rates; justification for excluding data;
§ 60.43c shall install, calibrate, determination, the Administrator may and a description of corrective actions
maintain, and operate a COMS for require the owner or operator of the taken if data have been excluded for
measuring the opacity of the emissions affected facility to submit additional periods other than those during which
discharged to the atmosphere and information concerning the control coal or oil were not combusted in the
record the output of the system. device. The affected facility is subject to steam generating unit.
(6) Identification of the F factor used (ii) The location of the oil when the (g)(1) Except as provided under
in calculations, method of sample was drawn for analysis to paragraph (g)(2) of this section, the
determination, and type of fuel determine the sulfur content of the oil, owner or operator of each affected
combusted. specifically including whether the oil facility shall record and maintain
(7) Identification of whether averages was sampled as delivered to the affected records of the amount of each fuel
have been obtained based on CEMS facility, or whether the sample was combusted during each operating day.
rather than manual sampling methods. drawn from oil in storage at the oil (2) As an alternative to meeting the
(8) If a CEMS is used, identification of supplier’s or oil refiner’s facility, or requirements of paragraph (g)(1) of this
any times when the pollutant other location; section, the owner or operator of an
concentration exceeded the full span of (iii) The sulfur content of the oil from affected facility that combusts only
the CEMS. which the shipment came (or of the natural gas, wood, fuels using fuel
(9) If a CEMS is used, description of shipment itself); and certification in § 60.48c(f) to
any modifications to the CEMS that (iv) The method used to determine the demonstrate compliance with the SO2
could affect the ability of the CEMS to sulfur content of the oil. standard, fuels not subject to an
comply with Performance Specifications (3) For coal: emissions standard (excluding opacity),
2 or 3 of appendix B of this part. (i) The name of the coal supplier; or a mixture of these fuels may elect to
(10) If a CEMS is used, results of daily (ii) The location of the coal when the record and maintain records of the
CEMS drift tests and quarterly accuracy sample was collected for analysis to amount of each fuel combusted during
assessments as required under appendix determine the properties of the coal, each calendar month.
F, Procedure 1 of this part. specifically including whether the coal (h) The owner or operator of each
(11) If fuel supplier certification is affected facility subject to a federally
was sampled as delivered to the affected
used to demonstrate compliance, enforceable requirement limiting the
facility or whether the sample was
records of fuel supplier certification is annual capacity factor for any fuel or
collected from coal in storage at the
used to demonstrate compliance, mixture of fuels under § 60.42c or
mine, at a coal preparation plant, at a
records of fuel supplier certification as § 60.43c shall calculate the annual
coal supplier’s facility, or at another
described under paragraph (f)(1), (2), (3), capacity factor individually for each
location. The certification shall include
or (4) of this section, as applicable. In fuel combusted. The annual capacity
the name of the coal mine (and coal
addition to records of fuel supplier factor is determined on a 12-month
seam), coal storage facility, or coal
certifications, the report shall include a rolling average basis with a new annual
preparation plant (where the sample
certified statement signed by the owner capacity factor calculated at the end of
was collected);
or operator of the affected facility that the calendar month.
(iii) The results of the analysis of the
the records of fuel supplier (i) All records required under this
coal from which the shipment came (or
certifications submitted represent all of section shall be maintained by the
of the shipment itself) including the
the fuel combusted during the reporting owner or operator of the affected facility
sulfur content, moisture content, ash
period. for a period of two years following the
content, and heat content; and
(f) Fuel supplier certification shall date of such record.
include the following information: (iv) The methods used to determine
the properties of the coal. (j) The reporting period for the reports
(1) For distillate oil: required under this subpart is each six-
(i) The name of the oil supplier; (4) For other fuels:
(i) The name of the supplier of the month period. All reports shall be
(ii) A statement from the oil supplier submitted to the Administrator and
that the oil complies with the fuel;
shall be postmarked by the 30th day
specifications under the definition of (ii) The potential sulfur emissions rate
following the end of the reporting
distillate oil in § 60.41c; and of the fuel in ng/J heat input; and
period.
(iii) The sulfur content of the oil. (iii) The method used to determine
(2) For residual oil: the potential sulfur emissions rate of the [FR Doc. E7–1881 Filed 2–8–07; 8:45 am]
(i) The name of the oil supplier; fuel. BILLING CODE 6560–50–P

Proposed Rule: Air Pollution Standards of Performance For New Stationary Sources: Electric Utility Steam Generating Units and Industrial-Commercial-Institutional Steam Generating Units

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Proposed Rule: Air Pollution Standards of Performance For New Stationary Sources: Electric Utility Steam Generating Units and Industrial-Commercial-Institutional Steam Generating Units

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Friday,

Category NAICS code 1 Examples of potentially regulated entities

defined in 60.40b or 60.40c.

Category NAICS code 1 Examples of potentially regulated entities

331 Steel works, blast furnaces.

of 40 CFR part 60 and revising the

PM emissions. If use of a predictive ESP requirement. As an alternative, should to Subpart Db

3. Alternate Opacity Monitoring B. Paperwork Reduction Act C. Regulatory Flexibility Act

federalism implications’’ is defined in economically significant as defined

Fuels by Gas Chromatography and Fossil-Fuel-Fired Steam Generators for transfer.

w (260) + x (86) + y (130) + z (300)

least 25 percent, by weight, of coal South Dakota, or Montana remain

Gas .................................................................................................................................................. (1)............................... 500

Where: monitoring data into units of the concentration shall each be on a

(2) C = pollutant concentration, ng/

2.0 × 10−5 (%C)

system performance reports shall be emissions are defined as any six-minute

may be used with Method 17 of 60.51Da Reporting requirements.

Natural gas means: input for solid fuel; and arrangement.

Emission limit for heat

operator of affected facility for which reconstruction commenced after

discharged into the atmosphere any 0.0083 ng/J.

Solid solvent refined coal (SCR I) ........................................................................................................................... SO2 ............. 6,000–10,000

Total allowable for all technologies .................................................................................................................. ..................... 15,000

affected source demonstrating procedures and methods. pretreatment, percent; and

quarterly reports for SO2 and/or NOX

Nitrogen Oxide Emission

(1) Natural gas and distillate oil, except (4):

(i) Low heat release rate .......................................................................................................................................... 43 0.10

Nitrogen Oxide Emission

(i) Mass-feed stoker .................................................................................................................................................. 210 0.50

affected facility to an annual capacity

determined pursuant to paragraph (a) or only natural gas, distillate oil, or

(ii) Sulfur dioxide emissions (Es) are initial performance test is to be

determine the capacity utilization rate (5) The owner or operator of an

this section to the Administrator with subpart.

affected facility seeking to demonstrate A of this part, section 4.1.

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