TLIO207D - Follow Security Procedures - Learner Guide

TLIO207D Follow
security
procedures
Learner Guide
Contents
What this Learner’s Guide is about ........................................ 3
Planning your learning ........................................................... 4
How you will be assessed ...................................................... 7
Section 1............................................................................................. 9
Following security procedures for goods and cargo............... 9
Section 2........................................................................................... 25
Reporting incidents/emergencies......................................... 25
Additional resources ....................................................................... 36
Feedback on activities .................................................................... 38

TLIO207D Follow security procedures
Page 2 © Australian National Training Authority 2003

ADELG1041 Customised and developed by Armstrong’s Driver Education Pty Ltd August 2008
What this Learner’s Guide is about
This Learner’s Guide is about the skills and knowledge to follow
security procedures in accordance with workplace requirements,
including checking seals on containers* or packages, taking
appropriate action to reseal or dispose of packages and empty
containers, securing pillage and high value goods, recording delivery of
cargo, and dealing with and writing reports on security incidents
and/or emergencies.
NOTE: Throughout this Learner’s Guide, the word ‘container’ refers to a

box-like receptacle used to contain goods of standard size and shape for
transport on a ship, truck or by rail or the box-like receptacle used to
contain goods of standard size and shape for transport by air. Package
refers to any other receptacle for goods or cargo that is contained within
such containers or is ready for transportation as is.
The Elements of Competency from the unit TLIO207D Follow security
procedures covered in this Learner’s Guide are listed below.
Check seals on containers or packages
Take action to reseal or dispose of packages and empty containers
Secure pillage and high value goods
Record delivery of cargo
Deal with and write reports on security incidents/emergencies
This unit of competency is from the Transport and Logistics Training
Package (TLI07).
© Australian National Training Authority 2003 Page 3

Customised and developed by Armstrong’s Driver Education Pty Ltd August 2008 ADELG1041
Planning your learning
It is important to plan your learning before you start because you may
already have some of the knowledge and skills that are covered in this
Learner’s Guide. This might be because:
• you have been working in the industry for some time,
and/or
• you have already completed training in this area.
Together with your supervisor or trainer use the checklists on the
following pages to help you plan your study program. Your answers to
the questions in the checklist will help you work out which sections of
this Learner’s Guide you need to complete.
This Learner’s Guide is written with the idea that learning is made
more relevant when you, the learner, are actually working in the
industry. This means that you will have people within the enterprise
who can show you things, discuss how things are done and answer any
questions you have. Also you can practise what you learn and see how
what you learn is applied in the enterprise.
If you are working through this Learner’s Guide and have not yet found
a job in the industry, you will need to talk to your trainer about doing
work experience or working and learning in some sort of simulated
workplace.

Section 1: Check seals on containers or

packages
Are you able to: Yes No

1. check seals to ensure they are intact prior
to unstuffing or unpacking?
2. report damaged seals in accordance with
workplace regulations?
Section 2: Take action to reseal or dispose of

packages and empty containers

1. complete unstuffing or unpacking
operations in accordance with workplace
regulations?
2. check personnel and/or vehicles access
(entry and exit) to/from unpacking areas?
3. check and record entry and exit from
unpacking areas to prevent unlawful entry
and/or removal of goods and cargo?
Section 3: Secure pillage and high value goods

1. identify and secure goods of high value
and those that are easily stolen within
specified locations?
2. report any breaches of security to
appropriate personnel?
Section 4: Record delivery of cargo

1. complete documents recording cargo
delivered from depot?

Section 5: Deal with and write reports on

security incidents/emergencies

1. deal with security incidents/emergencies
in accordance with workplace
procedures?
2. write reports to communicate security
incidents/emergencies?

How you will be assessed
Assessment of this Unit of Competency will include observation of real
or simulated work processes using workplace procedures and
questioning on underpinning knowledge and skills. It must be
demonstrated in an actual or simulated work situation under
supervision.
You will be required to:

• check seals on containers and report broken seals in
accordance with workplace procedures
• follow workplace procedures to maintain the security of
cargo and goods that you handle including high value
goods or those able to easily stolen
• complete records of delivery of cargo from depot
• deal with and write reports of security
incidents/emergencies.


Section 1
Following security procedures for

goods and cargo

Section outline
Areas covered in this section

Following security procedures including:
− identifying workplace procedures for security
− checking and resealing containers or packages
− monitoring and securing entry and exit from the site
− following procedures for securing high value and easily pilfered
goods

How do you follow workplace security

procedures?
Worldwide the direct cost of cargo theft is estimated at US$30 billion
per year, with indirect costs many times higher (Source: Australian
Institute of Criminology). The result of poor security procedures for
cargo handling companies can be an increase in insurance premiums to
cover loads and a loss of business through loss of confidence in the
company’s ability to secure goods. The sale of stolen goods onto the
black market results in under-‐cutting and further loss of business.
Fraudulent activity to prevent payment of excise duty and taxes can
create further economic problems. As an example of the value of
cargo, a single truckload of cigarettes can be worth up to A$3milion. It
is estimated that nearly half of cargo losses can be traced to organised
crime.
Official estimates of figures for indirect costs such as those associated
with investigation and insurance payments are between US$20 billion
– 60 billion. The breakdown into sectors is as follows:
• road transport -‐ 87% of cargo losses
• maritime -‐ 8% of all cargo losses
• rail – 4% of all cargo losses
• air – less than 1% of all cargo losses.
‘Track and trace’ systems have helped to reduce petty pilferage (thefts
of small amounts) but allows for large-‐scale cargo theft. According to
the Australian Institute of Criminology, there is now an increased
possibility that a truck with cargo can be stolen in transit, or that cargo
can be removed at storage facilities or after transportation. The
greatest danger is when cargo is being loaded and unloaded or from
fraudulent papers. With laptop computers and available software,
orders can be scanned, changed to a smaller amount and then used as
a replacement for the original (full) order.
In the past (before containerised transportation of cargo) loads were

counted and recounted at each stage of handling to ensure that the
correct consignment had been made at each step. Although time
consuming, this ensured that any ‘shortfalls’ were detected quickly
and reported and acted upon.

What are the workplace’s procedures for the

security of goods and cargo?
The aim of your workplace is to ensure that all goods and cargo
handled by your company are secure. That is, whatever comes into
the work area leaves there in good condition and in the quantities
delivered to you.
The benefits of this are:

• lower insurance premiums
• developing a reputation as a company that is trustworthy and
efficient
• no lost time to investigate loss of goods
• increased business.
Businesses have recognised the cost of losing stock and along with
changes such as containerisation, use of IT and ‘track and trace’
systems, seals on cargo are now widespread.
Seals can be made in a variety of materials including plastics, metal,
wire, etc. The seals are designed to remain in place during transit of
goods and not be ‘accidentally’ cut or to fall off. A visual identification
is required with the seal and a number or code is added to the seal that
is unique to that container. Seals can stay in place until the container is
to be unpacked or unstuffed. Examples can be found at the CGM’s
(US) company web site at http://www.cgmsecuritysolutions.com.
The seals available include locks and cables for containers, trucks and
pallets and tape that can be used on corrugated cardboard boxes that
if pealed off displays a message ‘tampered with’ or ‘opened’. Again
visual inspection is required to make these systems 100% effective.
Where seals have been removed, your workplace will have procedures
in place for reporting this. Some workplaces have a Polaroid camera
available to easily record the effects of tampering with cargo. A
written report will usually be required as well.
It is important to remember that reporting broken or tampered seals,
protects you also. If you do not report the situation, you may later be
blamed for breaking into the container. Reporting the situation
immediately protects you and your fellow team members from blame.
The first activity looks at inspection of seals and what to do about
broken seals.

Activity 1: Seals
Talk to your fellow team members, trainer and supervisor. Find out
what types of seals are placed around containers or packages. Try
to find six different examples. (Do this activity with the next
activity). Use the table below to record this information:
Description of Type of seal used (or insert photos)

packages or
container
There is feedback on this activity at the back of this Learner’s

Guide.

Activity 2: Broken seals
While you are completing activity 1, try to your find out how you can
tell that a seal has been tampered with. You might use photos
here. Use the six examples you listed in activity 1. (Do this activity
with the previous activity). Use the table below to record this
information:
Type of seal used Indication of tampering

Guide.

Activity 3: Reporting tampering with seals
Talk to your trainer. Find out what you are required to do if you
identify a seal that is broken or tampered with.
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

Guide.

How is entry and exit from the site monitored

and secured?
Security of the area you work in is also important. If anyone can
wander into the area without being stopped or asked for proof that
they are lawfully in the area, then theft can and will occur. Unlawful
entry to the area could be at night or during the day when ‘everyone’
is busy.
Also, if someone does try to remove goods from the area, can they get
out without being checked?
Sometimes the fact that the checks are in place, can be a good way to
limit theft from the area.
The checklist on the following page has been developed from
suggestions made in the Australian Institute of Criminology Report No
214, The Detection and Prevention of Cargo Theft for strategies to
secure the work area.
The columns are for:
1st column – area to check
2nd column – tick if current system works effectively
3rd column – put a cross if improvement needed
4th column – make suggestions for improvement
The activities that follow get you to audit your own workplace’s
security.

CHECKLIST FOR AREA SECURITY

Check to be made  X Suggested change
Is there a fence around
the work area with no
gaps and unable to be
climbed over?
Are gates to area fitted
with strong locks that
cannot be cut with a
bolt cutter, wire cutters,
other portable hand
tools?
Are gates crash proof?
Do buildings have smash
proof windows and
doors or guards over
windows?
Do manholes in
buildings have restricted
access?
Is an alarm fitted and
operational with some
warning to police or a
security service for call
out?
Is there a surveillance
system in place to
record movements after
dark and outside
working hours with an
alarm connected to this
system?
Is access to unused seals
restricted (to prevent
removal and
replacement)?
Is loose cargo secured
and/or marked (e.g.
with marks visible under
UV)?

Are containers stored

with doors facing each
other to prevent easy
opening?



Check to be made  X Suggested change
Is an audit undertaken of
vulnerability (chance of
break in) on a regular
basis (internally or
externally)?
Is high value cargo
stored in special
locations with greater
security?
Are company vehicles
parked overnight in area
fitted with immobilisers?
Are all persons entering
work area checked?
Are vehicles leaving the
area checked?
Is all loading and
unloading supervised by
someone within the
company?
Are all vehicles belonging
to employees and
contractors parked
outside the work area?
Are rubbish bins and
skips checked regularly
(these can be used to
remove goods from
area)?
Are empty containers
stored away from other
cargo?
Are used seals disposed
of carefully?
Is security upgraded
during breaks?
Are staff and contractors
screened before hiring?

Do company policies
clearly spell out penalties
for theft? Are they
serious enough?

Activity 4: Checking your workplace’s security system
Photocopy the checklist above and conduct an ‘audit’ or check of

how security conscious your workplace is. Ask your trainer for
assistance and other people you work with.

Guide.

Activity 5: Assisting with security
Talk to your trainer and arrange to work with a fellow team

member(s) whose tasks involve checking visitors to the work area
or those leaving the area. Discuss what needs to be done in
monitoring visitors and vehicles in and out of the area and what
situations have arisen in the past (the ‘what could happen’ column).
Record what you learn in the table below:
What is being Why it is being What could happen

checked checked

Guide.

What arrangements are in place for high value

goods and cargo?
The smaller and more valuable an item is, the easier it is to be removed
or stolen. Probably the best example of money value compared to
weight is a diamond. Even a small diamond that could be hidden in a
person’s ear, tooth or other body parts could be worth a large sum.
Special procedures are usually in place for items of high value that are
easily pilfered or stolen. These might include:
• electronic equipment (video cameras, mobile phones, etc)
• jewellery, precious minerals, gold
• pharmaceuticals
• cigarettes
• prohibited goods or those subject to licences or restrictions for
which there is a black market (e.g. chemicals used in illicit drug
manufacture).
The range of measures taken to protect these goods might include:
• use of safes
• use of ‘cages’ or lockers with reinforced panels and locks
• additional alarms
• use of guard dogs in area where these goods are stored
• use of dye bombs in goods that spray a dye over anyone tampering
with containers (used for money being moved or stored by banks).
The next activity looks at the procedures in place within your
workplace for securing high value items.

Activity 6: Securing high value and easily pilfered goods
Talk to your trainer and others in your workplace about how high
value and easily pilfered goods are secured in your workplace.
Use the table below to record your answers. Try to find out about a
range of measures for goods typically handled by your company.
Type of goods How secured

Guide.

Section 2
Reporting incidents/emergencies

Section outline
Areas covered in this section

Completing workplace documents to record goods moved out
of the area
Responding to security incidents/emergencies including:
− writing reports
− dealing with incidents


How do you respond to situations involving

security of goods?
What workplace documents are required to

record movement of goods?
The process of moving goods from the manufacturer to the end user
or customer involves many steps. This is called the ‘supply chain’.
Typically for goods imported from overseas, the supply chain will look
like this:
Manufacturer Goods Goods

makes goods ordered by packaged by
wholesalers manufacturer
for shipment
(air/sea)
Goods Goods Goods

unpacked and received at transported to
sorted into wharf or air destination
destinations terminal country/state
within area

Goods Goods Goods

repackaged transported to received and
for distribution wholesalers unpacked by
to wholesalers wholesaler

Goods bought Goods received Goods
by end at retail outlet, distributed to
customer unpacked and retail outlets
put into stock or
storage
The shaded areas represent the area you may be working in. At this
point containers are broken open and sorted for distribution to the
next step in the supply chain.

As there are possibly ten or more points at which the goods can suffer
damage or be pilfered, it is important to count the goods and check
these against what is supposed to be in the container or package.
Presume that you are working at a wharf where you open containers
from overseas, unpack and sort the contents into locations for these
goods to be sent. Suppose that one container contains a load of
earthenware garden pots from China. These pots are to be sent to 4
different wholesalers in the suburbs of your city. The following table
identifies what can go wrong and makes suggestions for how these
situations should be acted upon:
Step in process Problem Action
Container arrives with Goods are checked Report back to

unbroken seal against documents company that packed
and found to be short the container
Goods are unpacked Some of contents are Report back to
broken transporters of
container or claim on
insurance
Goods are made into Order is now short of Document what is
packages for each what is required being sent to each
wholesaler wholesaler and short
falls compared to
orders
Final check made of Individual packs Internal problem of

each load contain broken goods care of goods during
and quantities are handling and
less than that pilfering. Report.
supposed to be Change documents to
packed wholesalers
The importance of checking and recording what you are handling and
sending out of the area can be seen from this example. Your
workplace will have procedures for dealing with each of these
situations.
Remember that accuracy of counting, making checks and rechecks and
keeping goods secure is important to you and your company.

The next activity looks at problems that might be encountered in this
area.

Activity 7: Dealing with problems
Problems of security of goods can be tracked back to a variety of

causes. Talk to your supervisor, trainer and others in your
workplace about what you would do in each of the following
situations. The last two rows are left blank to add in any other
companies or organisations. Use the table to record your answers.
Problem traced to .. Action to be taken
Manufacturer or
overseas company
packaging goods for
transport
Shipping company
responsible for
bringing goods into
the country
Your own company
Other companies and

their staff who come
into your area
Customs, AQIS or
other government
agencies

Guide.

Activity 8: Workplace records of goods movement
Talk to your trainer about what documents you are required to

complete to record goods moved out of your area. Practice filling
these out. Discuss with your fellow team members what sort of
things can go wrong with filling out these documents. Find out
what you do with these documents when you have completed
them. Record what you learn in the space below.
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

Guide.

What do you do when there is a security

incident/emergency?
Your company will have procedures for reporting security incidents.

These may be verbal or written, probably depending on the nature of
the incident. More serious incidents will probably require a written
report. The report will include details like:
• time and date of incident
• nature of incident (break-‐in, alarm being sounded, intruder, etc)
• goods damaged or removed
• value of goods
• actions taken
• offender or responsible person/organization
• any other details explaining the incident.
The actual procedures will vary. You should get familiar with what you
are expected to do in such situations. These requirements are the
focus of the next activity.


Activity 9: “You’re nicked ….”
Talk to your trainer about what you are supposed to do if you

detect an attempt by anyone (fellow team member or outside
person) to steal or pilfer goods from your workplace. Also check
the workstation or gatehouse where security is located for
resources used in case of an attempted theft. Examples might
include: emergency phone numbers, alarms, switch to lock gate in
an emergency, etc. List what you have learnt in the space below.
Resources available in case of attempted theft
Procedures in case of detecting theft or an attempt at theft

Guide.

Activity 10: Written reports
Ask your trainer to show you examples of written reports and

discuss how these were filled out. Practice filling out a report form
for the following incidents:
1. A driver from another company attempted to load some loose

cartons containing cigarettes to the value of $1200 into his/her
truck. This was discovered when you checked the load before
allowing him/her to leave the depot.
2. You discover when you arrive at work that a break-in has

occurred. A gate has been forced using bolt cutters and 10
computers valued at $2000 each have been stolen.
3. A pallet is being unpacked and loose goods are lying around

the store. When the goods are checked against the documents
provided for the load, some goods are missing to the value of
$500. No visitors have been in the area – only company staff.
4. A container arrives with a broken seal and a check reveals that

water damage has occurred to the goods and that about $5000
of goods (electronic goods) is missing compared to the
documents recording the contents.

Guide.

Activity 11: Police involvement
Talk to your trainer about when police are called and other
authorities such as Customs, AQIS, and Federal Police.
Is there a given monetary value or type of goods that require a

police report or report to another authority?
Record what you learn in the space below.
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

Guide.

Additional
resources

Web sites:
• CGM (US) company manufacturing and selling packaging seals:
http://www.cgmsecuritysolutions.com
• The Detection and Prevention of Cargo Theft, Australian Institute
of Criminology Report No 214, September 2001 (available via
download at
http://www.aic.gov.au/publications/tandi/tandi214.html)
• Tradegate report on cargo theft available at:
http://www.tradegate.org.au/sfcnsw/Activities/LWG-‐Minutes-‐21-‐
October-‐2002.pdf
• Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade
http://www.dfat.gov.au/
• ‘Switched-‐on’ packaging company (theft prevention devices):
http://www.switchedon.com.au/packaging.html

Feedback on
activities
The responses provided in this section are suggested responses.
Because every workplace is different, your responses may vary
according to your specific workplace procedures, the equipment
available and the nature of the business.

Activity 1: Seals
The web reference provided in this section gives a wide range of

seals that are available. Information is also given on how to use
these seals and with what sort of containers or packages. Check
your answers with relevant people in your workplace.
Activity 2: Broken seals and Activity 3: Reporting tampering

with seals
Seals broken on containers or packages arriving at your workplace

indicate some form of tampering. Containers or packages may be
resealed or opened after recording details and checked for lost
goods. Reporting is important where goods have been removed,
stolen or damaged.
Activity 4: Checking your workplace’s security system
The checklist was adapted from a report of the Australian Institute

of Criminology and reflects best practice in securing goods when
being handled. As a result of your audit of the workplace you
should discuss any obvious security risks with your trainer.
Activity 5: Assisting with security
Checking of vehicles and people entering and leaving the area

should include everyone (even the manager) to be totally effective.
It is important to identify what to do if you suspect or identify a
security problem.
Activity 6: Securing high value and easily pilfered goods
High value and easily pilfered goods will have extra security that
might include: extra locks; secure containers/packages; safes;
reinforced storage facility; guards; perhaps guard dogs, etc.
Activity 7: Dealing with problems
The options for dealing with problems of security of goods will vary
from company to company and depend on the value and type of
goods missing. You may also have to make or set in motion: an
insurance claim; a credit; replacement; exchange or a complaint.

Activity 8: Workplace records of goods movement
Ask for feedback from your trainer and supervisor. It is useful to

know what problems others have had in filling out records and so
learn what mistakes to avoid. A copy of the record will probably
travel with the goods to their destination so the next step of the
supply chain can make sure they have been delivered the correct
goods.
Activity 9: “You’re nicked ….”
Work areas may have an alarm system, radios to call other

checkpoints, a list of emergency numbers, switches to lock gates in
the event of an emergency, sirens, etc.
Procedures will vary from company to company but will be

designed to give clear instructions in the event of a security
incident or emergency.
Activity 10: Written reports
You reports should be filled out in accordance with company policy

and procedures. The report should clearly indicate details of the
event and may include actions that you recommend be taken as a
result of the incident. In some workplaces, an investigation will
follow an incident or emergency particularly if people’s safety was
threatened.
Activity 11: Police involvement
Your workplace will have policies and procedures to cover this

situation. Pilfering is theft and therefore illegal. Small amounts of
pilfering may not require a police report but large amounts and theft
of restricted goods (drugs, pharmaceuticals, chemicals, dangerous
goods, etc) will require reporting to police and in some cases to the
Federal Police, Customs and AQIS.


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TLIO207D Follow

Additional resources ....................................................................... 36

Feedback on activities .................................................................... 38

Page 2 © Australian National Training Authority 2003

What this Learner’s Guide is about

NOTE: Throughout this Learner’s Guide, the word ‘container’ refers to a

Check seals on containers or packages

Secure pillage and high value goods

Record delivery of cargo

Deal with and write reports on security incidents/emergencies

© Australian National Training Authority 2003 Page 3

Planning your learning

Page 4 © Australian National Training Authority 2003

Section 1: Check seals on containers or

Are you able to: Yes No

Section 2: Take action to reseal or dispose of

Are you able to: Yes No

Section 3: Secure pillage and high value goods

Are you able to: Yes No

Section 4: Record delivery of cargo

Are you able to: Yes No

© Australian National Training Authority 2003 Page 5

Section 5: Deal with and write reports on

Are you able to: Yes No

Page 6 © Australian National Training Authority 2003

How you will be assessed

You will be required to:

© Australian National Training Authority 2003 Page 7

Page 8 © Australian National Training Authority 2003

Following security procedures for

© Australian National Training Authority 2003 Page 9

Areas covered in this section

Page 10 © Australian National Training Authority 2003

How do you follow workplace security

In the past (before containerised transportation of cargo) loads were

© Australian National Training Authority 2003 Page 11

What are the workplace’s procedures for the

The benefits of this are:

Page 12 © Australian National Training Authority 2003

Description of Type of seal used (or insert photos)

There is feedback on this activity at the back of this Learner’s

© Australian National Training Authority 2003 Page 13

Activity 2: Broken seals

Type of seal used Indication of tampering

There is feedback on this activity at the back of this Learner’s

Page 14 © Australian National Training Authority 2003

Activity 3: Reporting tampering with seals

There is feedback on this activity at the back of this Learner’s

© Australian National Training Authority 2003 Page 15

How is entry and exit from the site monitored

The columns are for:

1st column – area to check

2nd column – tick if current system works effectively

3rd column – put a cross if improvement needed

4th column – make suggestions for improvement

Page 16 © Australian National Training Authority 2003

CHECKLIST FOR AREA SECURITY

© Australian National Training Authority 2003 Page 17

Are containers stored

Page 18 © Australian National Training Authority 2003

© Australian National Training Authority 2003 Page 19

Page 20 © Australian National Training Authority 2003

Activity 4: Checking your workplace’s security system

Photocopy the checklist above and conduct an ‘audit’ or check of