Technology pathPlanning and design

Key determinants

Distance from the grid

Dispersion
Type of load
Energy resource availability
Income level and willingness to pay

Technology road map

Hybrid Smart Mini-grid system
RE based Multi-Utility centre
for livelihood generation

Huge potential in different

residential, industrial, commercial
complexes, hospitals, hotels etc

Basic lighting
solutions

Huge potential in off-grid

villages
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Option-A
Provide standalone system to each household for meeting
basic electricity need

and
community based energy centre for common
energy services and livelihood generation

Scattered minimum Load

Distribution panel
Charge
controller

Distribution panel
Charge
controller

Battery bank

Battery bank

Option-B :Creating Individual DC/AC Microgrid

Distribution panel
Distribution panel
Charge
controller

Charge
controller

Battery bank
Battery bank

Option-C :Creating Larger

Mini/microgrid
Solar array

PCU

Battery

Smart Mini-grid system

Try to bring different DG resources in to the common platform through smart system and
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showcase how the efficiency, reliability and flexibility of the system can be improved

Introducing the SMG facility at TERI, Gual Pahari

Before Smart Mini-Grid
Charge
Controller

Inverter

Generator
Switch

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After Smart Mini-Grid

Charge
Controller

Inverter
Analog

Digital

Generator
Switch

8/7/2014

Intelligent Load
Dispatch
Interface

SMG operation

Smart Mini-grid- An electricity distribution network operating

below 11 KV, providing electricity to a community. It is supplied by
a diverse range of small, local, conventional generators, such as a
diesel gensets combined with a range of renewable generators, such
as micro-hydro power plants, wind turbines, biomass and solar PV.

Solar Power plant

Wind Generators

Central generating station

Transmission Tower

Requirement of
multiple local
control system
Mini grid

Require effective power

management for power routing

Reliability and quality

of power

Courtesy: TERI

Smart SMU
Technology Trend

This figure depicts the standard design of solar PV systems.

The batteries, which are the weakest link, are always in the system loop which
negatively impacts the reliability and efficiency of the system
There is little scope for system expansion or grid connectivity.
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12

Introduction of smart SMU system:

Efficient, reliable and flexible design

More efficient:
More reliable:
More flexible:
Less O&M cost
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Less post
monitoring Cost

Able to directly feed power to the load thus avoiding losses

through double conversion
Allow seamless operation of multiple energy resources
Same configuration compatible for taking power and feedback power to
the grid; thus avoiding redundancy of infrastructure in future
Intelligent load and resource management requires less
battery/replacement cost
Support remote monitoring and remote control from the central 13
location with minimal cost

Advantages and Limitations of different options

OPTIONS
Option-A
Standalone solar system

Advantages
Each household has
independent system
Allow flexibility in electricity
use
Relatively lesser cost

Option-B
Centralized O&M
Small DC and AC micro grids Expansion of system is easier
Option-C
AC Mini-Grids
Option-D
Smart (hybrid) Mini-Grids

Limitations
Inflexibility in expansion of
grid
O&M at each household
level

Distribution is limited to a
very small area

Grid ready system

Centralized O&M

Relatively expensive

Relatively expensive
Specific skill-set required to
design and development

More efficient
More reliable and flexible
Less O&M cost
Less post monitoring cost

Technology Intervention

Technology for basic lighting and education

Impact beyond lighting

Beneficiaries:
Suresh Pal Singh, a farmer
Village
Village:
Phulpur,
District,
District:
Badaun,
Partner Organization:
State:
Uttar Pradesh
Livelihood:
Partner Organization: Humana People to People India (HPPI)
Increase in income per month:
Vocation:
Weaving
Increase in income per month: INR 3,000

Tentala,
Mayurbhanj
SOOVA
Betel leaf makers
INR 300

Impact beyond lighting

Village:
Butlla Doulat
District:
Badaun
State:
Uttar Pradesh
Partner Organization: Humana People to People India (HPPI)
Increase in operational hours: 4-5 hours

Impact of DC Micro-grids
Preferred by energy providers
over diesel generators;
DC based- reduced power theft
Easy to operate
Reduced operational cost

Replaced diesel
generators in two market
places- 200 shops

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19

DC Micro-grids
Distribution of end users
1%

2%

12%

Handicraft cluster
11%

Handloom cluster
Households
Market place
Poultry

74%

Rural markets/establishments emerged as

the potential sites for micro grid
installations
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20

Income enhancement through improved light:

Handicraft workers can deliver on time.

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21

Income enhancement: : Pottery worker saves 6

USD a month and is able to make more articles .
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22

Clinic cum medicine shop

Spending: INR 150 for electricity
Educational training center

Earning: INR 3500 per month

Spending: INR 150 for

electricity
Earning: INR 700 per month

Rows of shops
Illuminating the path of
livelihood

Fishing net making

Spending: INR 150 for electricity
Earning: INR 700 per month

Grocery shops: Illuminating own

shop and illuminating the passion
of game
Spending: INR 150 for electricity

Earning: INR 1500 per month

Technology for Health

200W to 1kW solar

refrigeration for vaccine
refrigeration

Total investment is USD

1000- 5000

Technology for livelihood generation

Solar Multi-Utility Centre

Net income of USD 350-400/month

Remote monitoring system

Solar Lanterns

Honey extracting

SMU
Water purifier

Battery charger

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Bamboo splitting

Turmeric grinder
26

5kWp solar PV system at Dakshin Dimoria, Assam

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27

Turmeric grinding

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Income Generation from SMU-Assam

Turmeric Packaging and Selling

Net Profit: USD 100 (INR 10/kg and selling 500 kg/month)
Incense stick making, tie up with supplier to ITC
Profit of USD 100/month
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30

8kWp SMU at Pata-polasahi, Odisha

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31

Income Generation from SMU- Odisha

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32

Healing Heritage in the Green Haat

event organized by the Ministry of
Environment and Forests at Dilli
Haat, between 16th January and
31st January 2013.
Production of herbal products
using machinery powered by
TERIs Solar Multi Utility
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A poster explaining the SMU and

how it has contributed to higher
productivity is on display at the
stall.
33

8kWp SMU in Bausadiha ,Odisha

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34

Installation of Solar Multi-Utility Centers in 3 sites in Odisha, India for

livelihood generation

Challenges faced by the company before the project

Throughput reduces because of no power
Very erratic supply of power hampers the quality of the product and thus the
market price

However the labour cost was fixed and thus has little margin over
each kg of product
Used kerosene generator in emergency, which was very expensive and
environmentally polluting (Cost of electricity generation : INR 15/unit)

Scenarios after the project

Throughput has improved by

10-15 %
Kerosene consumption
reduces (almost nil)
Net profit : INR 30-40,000/month

Many more impact is yet to be observed

Salient features

Energy efficient system and intelligent load management

reduces
the peak demand and help in optimizing the size of the solar power
system
8kWp solar PV system sufficient to meet the demand for 5-6
hours

Technical/
Technologic
al

Financial

Institutional
and others

20% funding came as equity from the company; 80% as grant

Dedicated bank account for revenue collection
Paying electricity at INR 7/kWh for O&M fund; sufficient to
operate manage and even replace battery on time.

Creating linkages with state marketing companies for selling products

Creating linkages with other developmental programmes
Local capacities developed to operate and manage the system

Village electrification Gasifier at Village

Deodhara, Orissa

Solar-biomass gasifier hybrid system for cold storage

and electrification

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Impact of clean cook-stove

70% reduction in
Particulate Matter
Improved indoor air
quality i.e. better
health
Lower emission of
global warming
agents- Black Carbon

Impact of clean cook-stove

Less cooking time

Less exposure to kitchen
smoke
More time to do other
activities/ more productivity

In conclusion

Success of technology depends upon its forward

and backward linkages
Smart design approach does not add much cost
but add substantially on efficiency, reliability and
flexibility
Strong correlation between technology and
Human development

Thank You