Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Software Answers
The OCR Specification says that you should be able to:
Operating Systems
Utility Programmes
Application Software
discuss the relative merits of custom written, off the shelf, open
source and proprietary software
(c) Discuss the implications of creating open source software for the
restaurant.
The quality of written communication will be assessed in your answer to this
question.
Points to be made include:
Open source licence-free, the restaurant will make the software and its
source code available for others to use/improve.
Financial implications include: no need to pay for license, can reuse/adapt
free open source software which is similar BUT loss of development
costs/software will be available to competitors
Quality implications include: large community of open source developers can
see and comment on code or can be consulted/ software has to conform to
certain standards to be released under public licence BUT open source code is
used as is, with no guarantees,
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Ethical implications include: Open source encourages open culture
values - free sharing, collaboration BUT restaurant is a business trying to
make a profit.
[6]
June 2011
2. Describe the following types of common utility programs.
(a) Antivirus
[2]
(b) Disk defragmenter
Moves (parts of) of files around so that all parts of a file are stored
together (allowing files to be accessed more quickly)
Free space is collected together (allowing large files to be saved easily)
[2]
Jan 2012
3. One of the functions of an operating system is multi-tasking.
(a) Explain one reason why multi-tasking is needed in an operating system.
Allows more than one program to run (apparently) at the same time
... by sharing processor time / resources between the programs
Enables the user to be more productive
[2]
(b) State two other functions of an operating system.
[2]
[4]
(b) The school has decided to use off-the-shelf software.
(i) State two advantages of off-the-shelf software
Available now / the school will not have to wait
Recommendations available / can see it working in other schools
Tried and tested / less likely to contain bugs (given how critical the
application is)
Costs less than custom-written / as the school does not pay for the full cost of
development.
More (third party) support / documentation
[2]
(ii) State two disadvantages of off-the-shelf software
May contain features which the school does not need
May not contain features which the school needs
[2]
June 2012
5. Describe how the following system maintenance utilities are used.
System cleanup
[2]
Automatic update
[2]
Jan 2013
6. Amin buys a new computer with an operating system and some utilities.
(a) State two functions of the operating system.
[2]
(b) The table below shows some of the utilities in Amins computer.
Tick one box in each row to show whether the utility is used for security or disk
organisation.
[4]
[2]