Indo-Norwegian Training Programme

New Delhi,
2628 May 2014

Seismic Design of Multi-Storey Buildings:

IS 1893 vs. Eurocode 8

LOADS AND RESISTING

SYSTEMS IN BUILDINGS
LOADS ON BUILDINGS

PresentationIV:

StructuralSystemsfor
Multistorey Buildings

VERTICAL LOAD
DEAD LOAD

LIVE LOAD

HORIZONTAL LOAD
SNOW LOAD

WIND LOAD

HORIZONTAL FRAMING

YogendraSingh,Ph.D.

SLAB

BEAMS

EARTHQUAKE LOAD

VERTICAL FRAMING
FRAME

SHEAR WALL

MASONRY INFILLS

Professor,DepartmentofEarthquakeEngineering
IndianInstituteofTechnologyRoorkee
www.iitr.ac.in
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COMPONENTS PROVIDING LATERAL

RESISTANCE

LATERAL LOAD RESISTANCE OF

TRADITIONAL BUILDINGS

Frames
Trusses
Shear Walls
Brick Walls
Stairs
Partitions

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LATERAL LOAD RESISTANCE OF

MODERN BUILDINGS

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LATERAL LOAD RESISTING

STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS
FRAMES
FRAME-TRUSS
SHEAR WALLS, FRAME-SHEAR WALL &

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COUPLED SHEAR WALLS

FRAME-TRUSS-OUTRIGGER SYSTEM
FRAMED TUBE
TUBE-IN-TUBE
END CHANNEL FRAMED TUBE
TRUSSED TUBE
MULTI-CELL TUBE

STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS IN STEEL

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STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS IN
REINFORCED CONCRETE

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FRAME ACTION

FRAME STRUCTURES
Derive lateral stiffness from rigid joints

between beams and columns.

Provide flexible usage and architectural
design.
Can be used for buildings up to 20 storey
height in concrete and 30 storey height in
steel can be achieved.

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P
h

Ph/2

<
Ph/2

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BRACED FRAME ACTION

RC FRAME STRUCTURES

RESPONSE DURING PAST EARTHQUAKES

P
h

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RC FRAME STRUCTURES

RESPONSE DURING PAST EARTHQUAKES

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RC FRAME STRUCTURES

STRUT ACTION OF INFILL PANELS

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STEEL FRAME STRUCTURES

FAILURE MODES

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RC FRAME STRUCTURES

STRUT ACTION OF INFILL PANELS

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FRAME STRUCTURES
IRREGULAR INFILLS

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STEEL FRAME STRUCTURES

FAILURE MODES

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STEEL FRAME STRUCTURES

STEEL FRAME STRUCTURES

FAILURE MODES

FAILURE MODES

Weld Access Hole

Beam Flange
Backup Bar

Stiffener
Column Flange
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STEEL FRAME STRUCTURES

STEEL FRAME STRUCTURES

FAILURE MODES

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CONCENTRICALLY VS.
ECCECTRICALLY BRACED FRAMES

FAILURE OF CONCENTRICALLY
BRACED FRAMES

LINK

LOAD

BRACE

BUCKLING OF
COMPRESSIVE
BRACE

BRACE

AXIAL HINGE
IN TENSILE
BRACE

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FAILURE OF ECCENTRICALLY
BRACED FRAMES

CONFIGURATIONS OF
ECCENTRICALLY BRACED FRAMES
LINK

LINK

LINK

LINK

LOAD
SHEAR
YIELDING IN
LINK

LINK
LINK

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FAILURES OF LINKS IN
ECCENTRICALLY BRACED FRAMES

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SHEAR WALL STRUCTURES

A vertical cantilever, resisting the lateral
load primarily in bending.

Very stiff system and building heights up

to 50 storey can be achieved.

Acts as rigid partition hindering the

flexibility of usage. More suitable to

residential buildings

Suitable for service core in office

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SHEAR WALL STRUCTURES

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buildings.

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SHEAR WALL STRUCTURES

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FRAME-SHEAR WALL SYSTEM

FRAME-SHEAR WALL SYSTEM

Frame deforms in shear mode while shearwall deforms in flexure mode.

Interaction : In the lower portion the two
components press each other, while in the
upper portion they pull each other.
Sharing of the lateral force between the
two components is complex.
Modelling as frames with wide columns.
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FRAME SHEAR WALL ACTION

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COUPLED SHEAR WALLS

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SHEAR WALL SYSTEMS - RESPONSE

DURING PAST EARTHQUAKES

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COUPLED SHEAR WALLS

Shear wall having opening for windows or

passage.

Efficiency depends highly on the stiffness of

coupling beams. Coupling beams are subjected

to very high shear forces and should be
appropriately designed.

Analytical modelling as

Continuum Approach.
Discrete Approach : Frame with wide columns and
rigid joints.

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FRAME WITH CORE AND OUTRIGGER

CORE AND OUTRIGGER SYSTEM

Increases efficiency by inducing axial forces

in the columns and reducing bending
moments in columns and beams.

In steel, core and out riggers are made of

trusses.

In concrete, shear wall core and store deep

girders.

Modelling as space frames.

Vertical load behaviour is also modified due
to outrigger.

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FRAMED-TUBE SYSTEM

FRAMED-TUBE SYSTEM

Closely spaced columns

and deep spandrel
beam along the
periphery

High lateral rigidity

due to hollow tube like
section

Vertical shear transfer

takes place at the
corner column

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FRAMED-TUBE SYSTEM

TUBE-IN-TUBE SYSTEM

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Outer framed tube

Inner tube consists of

shear wall enclosing
service core

Outer and inner tubes

are interconnected
through floors

Interaction between
outer and inner tube is
similar to that between
frame and shear wall

TRUSSED-TUBE SYSTEM

SHEAR-LAG IN FRAMED-TUBE
SYSTEM

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MULTI-CELL TUBE SYSTEM

FLAT SLAB SYSTEMS

Drop Panel

Column Head

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FLAT SLAB SYSTEMS

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FLAT SLAB SYSTEMS

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Maximum Inter Storey Drift (%)

FLAT SLAB SYSTEMS

5

Hueste and Wright

ASCE/SEI 41 [NC]

ASCE/SEI 41 [C]
ACI 318-05

3
2
1
0
0

0.2

0.4

0.6

Gravity Shear Ratio

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0.8