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If you just shook up some solid lead(II) chloride with water, then the
solution would obviously contain twice as many chloride ions as
lead(II) ions.
The expression for the solubility product and its value are given by:
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For comparison purposes later, I need to work out the lead(II) ion
concentration in this saturated solution.
If the concentration of dissolved lead(II) chloride is s mol dm-3,
then:
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The lead(II) chloride will become even less soluble - and, of course,
the concentration of lead(II) ions in the solution will decrease.
Something similar happens whenever you have a sparingly soluble
substance. It will be less soluble in a solution which contains any
ion which it has in common. This is the common ion effect.
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