41as I

COORDINATING COMMITTEE FOR GEOSCIENCE
PROGRAMMES IN EAST AND SOUTHEAST ASIA

(CCOP)
PROCEEDINGS OF THE
41st CCOP ANNUAL SESSION
(PART I)
15-18 NOVEMBER 2004
TSUKUBA, JAPAN
CCOP Technical Secretariat

th
24 Floor, Suite 244-245, Thai CC Tower

889 Sathorn Tai Road, Sathorn, Bangkok 10120, Thailand
Tel: (66) 0 2672 3080
Fax: (66) 0 2672 3082
E-mail: ccopts@ccop.or.th
Homepage: http://www.ccop.or.th
August 2005
CONTENTS
ATTENDANCE AND ORGANIZATION
st
OPENING CEREMONY OF THE 41 ANNUAL SESSION
ELECTION OF OFFICERS
AGENDA ITEM
1. Adoption of the Agenda
2. CCOP Progress Report
3. Member Countries Reports
4. Draft CCOP Workplan for 2005
5. Advisory Group Meeting
6. Cooperating Countries and Organizations Reports
6.1. Cooperating Countries Reports
6.2. Cooperating Organizations Reports
7. General Consultative Meeting
8. Date and Venue for the Next Annual Session
10
9. Other Matters
10
10. General Remarks from the Delegations
11
11. Adoption of the Report
16
CLOSING CEREMONY
16
ANNEX I
: LIST OF PARTICIPANTS
17
ANNEX II
: SPEECHES
31
ANNEX III : AGENDA
45
ANNEX IV : CCOP PROGRESS REPORT
47
ANNEX V
71
: MEMBER COUNTRIES REPORTS
Country Report of CAMBODIA
73
Country Report of CHINA
81
Country Report of INDONESIA
99
Country Report of JAPAN
125
Country Report of THE REPUBLIC OF KOREA
155
Proceedings of the 41st CCOP Annual Session

Tsukuba, Japan, 15-18 November 2004
Country Report of MALAYSIA
169
Country Report of PAPUA NEW GUINEA
181
Country Report of THE PHILIPPINES
189
Country Report of THAILAND
205
Country Report of VIETNAM
217
ANNEX VI
: DRAFT CCOP WORKPLAN FOR 2005
231
ANNEX VII
: COOPERATING COUNTRIES AND

ORGANIZATIONS REPORTS
239
Country Report of BELGIUM
241
Country Report of CANADA
245
Country Report of DENMARK
249
Country Report of GERMANY
255
Country Report of THE NETHERLANDS
263
Country Report of NORWAY
267
Country Report of RUSSIAN FEDERATION
273
Country Report of SWEDEN
281
Country Report of UNITED KINGDOM
287
Country Report of UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
297
Organization Report of ASCOPE
303
Organization Report of CIFEG
309
Organization Report of CPC
315
Organization Report of UN-ESCAP
321
Organization Report of GETECH
329
Organization Report of NOAA-Sea Grant
333
Organization Report of PETRAD
339
ANNEX VIII : REPORT OF THE ADVISORY GROUP

MEETING
ANNEX IX
: ASSISTANCE REQUESTED BY CCOP

MEMBER COUNTRIES

ii
345
351
PROCEEDINGS OF THE 41st CCOP ANNUAL SESSION

15-18 November 2004
Tsukuba, Japan
ATTENDANCE AND ORGANIZATION
VENUE
The 41st Annual Session of the Co-ordinating Committee for Geoscience Programmes
in East and Southeast Asia (CCOP) was held at the EPOCHAL Tsukuba International
Congress Center from 15-18 November 2004, Tsukuba, Japan. The host facilities were
provided by the Government of Japan through the National Institute of Advanced Industrial
Science and Technology/Geological Survey of Japan (AIST/GSJ).
ATTENDANCE
The Session was attended by representatives of the following Member Countries:
CAMBODIA, CHINA, INDONESIA, JAPAN, THE REPUBLIC OF KOREA, MALAYSIA,
PAPUA NEW GUINEA, THE PHILIPPINES, THAILAND, and VIETNAM.
The Representatives of the Cooperating Countries, namely CANADA, DENMARK,
GERMANY, JAPAN, THE NETHERLANDS, NORWAY, RUSSIAN FEDERATION,
SWEDEN, THE UNITED KINGDOM, and THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA were
also in attendance.
The following Cooperating and Corresponding Organizations were also represented:
ASCOPE, CIFEG, CPC, GETECH, UNESCAP, and PETRAD. Also present at the Meeting
were the Honorary Advisers of CCOP.
LAO PDR and FINLAND were also in attendance as observers.
The Staff of the CCOP Technical Secretariat (CCOP T/S) and those from the
AIST/GSJ provided the necessary conference services.
The List of Participants is appended to the report as ANNEX I.

OPENING CEREMONY OF THE 41st ANNUAL SESSION

The opening ceremony commenced with the addresses delivered by:
Mr. Somsak Potisat, CCOP Steering Committee Chairperson
Mr. Katsumi Moriyasu, Principal Deputy Director of United Nations
Administration Division, Global Issues Department, Ministry of Foreign Affairs
(MFA)
Mr. Hiroshi Hirota, Director-General for Technology Policy Coordination,
Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI)
Dr. Anthony J. Reedman, Senior Advisor, International Year of Planet Earth
Dr. David Prior, Chairperson of CCOP Advisory Group
Dr. Hiroyuki Yoshikawa, President, National Institute of Advanced Industrial
Science and Technology (AIST)
The speeches are attached in Annex II.
Dr. Eikichi Tsukuda, Head of the Delegation of Japan was elected Chairperson of
the Session and Prof. Dr. Zhang Hongtao, Head of the Delegation of China, was elected
Vice-Chairperson. The Representatives from United Kingdom, Japan and Korea were
elected as General Rapporteurs.
AGENDA ITEM
1. ADOPTION OF THE AGENDA
(documents CCOP-41AS/1-1, 1-2)
The agenda as adopted by the meeting is given in ANNEX III.
2. CCOP PROGRESS REPORT

(document CCOP-41AS/2-3)
The CCOP T/S Director, Mr. Chen Shick Pei, presented the CCOP Progress Report
(ANNEX IV) covering the period 01 July 2003 30 June 2004, with an update to October
2004.
3. MEMBER COUNTRIES REPORTS

(documents CCOP-41AS/3-4 to 3-13)
The reports submitted to the 41st CCOP Annual Session by Member Countries are
shown in ANNEX V.
The following comments were made during the discussions of the country reports:

Cambodia
No comments or questions
China
Indonesia
Denmark thanked the Indonesian delegation for the support in the Capacity Building
Project: Enhancement of Cooperation and Sharing of Geoscientific Knowledge for the
Sustainable Development of the Petroleum Resources in the CCOP Region (Phase I) and
requested Indonesia to update their Country Report to include their request for support and
their willingness to participate in the Project.
Japan
Canada asked how quickly they can update their webpage after a large earthquake
event. Japan replied that routine posting of earthquake information is the responsibility of
the Japan Meteorological Agency. The Geological Survey of Japan only posts information
when there is a significant event that has a geological component, in which case the web site
is updated daily.
Director Chen thanked Japan for the presentation and in particular he thanked
GSJ/AIST for their work on CCOP Metadata. He also thanked Japan for the substantial
cooperation between CCOP and GSJ/AIST in the geo-information sector. As a result, CCOP
has a meta-database of geological maps and is trying to develop a new project which
encompasses all geoscience data types. He hoped Japan and the other Cooperating Countries
would help develop a broader meta-database of geoscience information. The Director
encouraged other Member Countries to participate in this important project for CCOP.
Korea
Director Chen thanked Korea for the presentation and on behalf of CCOP, expressed
appreciation for the Assessment of Landslide Hazards Projects which has benefited the
Member Countries. He felt, judging from the requests from Member Countries, that
geohazards is one of the important fields to be emphasized. He also thanked Korea for its
offer of new projects including a project on Sea Water Intrusion which is also very relevant to
many of the Member Countries who are facing this challenge. The CCOP T/S is looking
forward to having discussions with KIGAM and other Member Countries on the details of the
project.
Malaysia
Referring to Malaysias support to the proposed Capacity-Building Project, Denmark
added that an Inception Phase (IP) has been planned for the proposed Project. During the IP,
the CCOP Member Countries participating in the selected Case Studies will be invited to
discuss and finally define the details of the scientific and training programmes of the project.

Dr. Reedman (Honorary Adviser) thanked Malaysia for the interesting account of
recent landslips in Malaysia and asked whether the CCOP/KIGAM project identifying and
mapping areas of landslip susceptibility by remote sensing was proving useful in the context
of Malaysia. Malaysia replied that the study indicates the hazards area on a macro scale and
field checks have to be carried out on a more detailed scale.
Germany enquired on the level of exploration activities carried out by Petronas
Carigali and its concession partners during recent years. Malaysia replied that the level of
exploration activities are constant at about 40 wells per year.
Papua New Guinea
Director Chen asked the Representative of PNG about the status of the newly created
Mineral Resource Authority (MRA). PNG answered that when approved by their
Government, the current Department of Mining (DOM) will be dissolved and most of its
functions transferred to the MRA. Those roles not transferred will be Policy, and the
Geophysical and Volcano Observatories. These will be under a new Department of Mineral
Policy and Geohazards Management (DMPGM).
Philippines
Thailand
Vietnam
Denmark commented that the Country Report of Vietnam had not mentioned a new
three-year ENRECA project entitled The Mobilisation of Arsenic and the Relation to the
Dynamic Interaction between Groundwater and Surface Water in the Red River Plain:
Phase 1 which was approved by Danidas ENRECA Programme in October 2003. The
project is currently in its initiation phase and is implemented in close co-operation between
GEUS, the Technical University of Denmark (DTU), the Danish Hydraulic Institute (DHI),
HUMG, HUS and the Northern Hydrogeological and Engineering Geological Division of
Vietnam (NHEGD).
4. DRAFT CCOP WORKPLAN FOR 2005

(document CCOP-41AS/4-14)
Mr. Chen Shick Pei, CCOP T/S Director presented the draft CCOP Workplan for
2005 (ANNEX VI). The following comments were made.
Japan thanked the CCOP T/S for explaining the GAIN and the CCOP Metadata
Projects, with GAIN evolving as the 2nd phase of the CCOP Metadata Project. A meeting
will be conducted next year in Bangkok to discuss the CCOP Metadata maintenance and also
the expansion of the CCOP Metadata Project.

Germany enquired if the level of CCOPs technical activities has increased in recent
years. Director Chen responded that the number of technical activities of CCOP have
doubled in the last two years compared to previous average levels.
UK announced that a subset of EuroGeoSurveys members, being the Geological
Surveys of U.K., The Netherlands, Norway and Denmark, has formed a Groundwater
Consortium, one task of which is to link up with other multinational organizations. There is
the potential for this consortium to link up with CCOP to seek third-party funds for
cooperation.
5. ADVISORY GROUP MEETING

The Advisory Group held its meeting in a separate Session.
6. COOPERATING COUNTRIES AND ORGANIZATIONS REPORTS

(documents CCOP-41AS/6.1-16 to 6.2-33)
The reports submitted to the 41st CCOP Annual Session by Cooperating Countries and
Cooperating Organizations, are shown in ANNEX VII.
The following comments were made during the discussions of the said reports:
6.1
Cooperating Countries Reports
Canada
Malaysia commented that in 2003, they carried out a Multibeam Survey in the
nearshore areas around the Langkawi Islands. Preliminary analysis of the results highlighted
the detailed morphology of the sea bed and sea-bottom features, including sand migration
patterns and sediment characteristics. Malaysia expressed their interest in participating in the
coastal mapping programmes organized by Canada.
Denmark
Germany
China highly appreciated the long term cooperative projects between the German
Federal Ministry of Economic and Labour/BGR and various Chinese agencies, especially the
MLR. The cooperative projects have included those on land use, earthquake investigation,
airborne remote sensing of coal fires, gas hydrates, and deep drilling. All these projects are
very successful and China is very satisfied with the results, and hopes for continued
geoscience cooperation with Germany and other Cooperating Countries.

Indonesia expressed its appreciation for all the cooperation with Germany, most
especially on the MERAMEX project conducted since 2004, and for their support for the
projects in Krakatao and the hydrocarbon potential and evaluation of the Sulawesi basin to
take place in 2005.
Director Chen opined that the Technological Initiative is a big project covering wide
areas of interest with a substantial budget of Euro 250 million. He hoped that there might be
opportunities for cooperation in some of these areas of study which are of interest to CCOP.
Germany responded that the German geoscientific research frame programme
GEOTECHNOLOGIES is primarily a National Programme, but with strong international
components. The German Research Ministry BMBF and the German Research Foundation
DFG are very much interested in projects being carried out to achieve the best results with
international cooperation. Therefore, opportunities for cooperation of institutions from CCOP
Member Countries exist. For instance, in the marine sector, institutions from Indonesia are
already involved in projects which are part of GEOTECHNOLOGIES.
Japan
Indonesia thanked Japan for the capacity-building projects, especially the training of
young geologists and seismologists and the Ph.D. programs offered. Indonesia also hoped
that the Regional Centre for Volcano Monitoring will become a reality.
The Netherlands
China thanked The Netherlands Government for supporting the project on CapacityBuilding of a China Groundwater Information Center, for a feasibility study of CapacityBuilding of Land Subsidence in Shanghai and for the offshore project at Qingdao. China
hopes that cooperation will be continued in the future.
Indonesia thanked The Netherlands for the East Kalimantan Project that focused on
the study of deltas. This project intended to run from 2005 to 2009, with 2003 to 2004 as the
timetable for the pilot project phase. The target of the project covers research in science in
many disciplines and capacity-building. The Netherlands has offered scholarships for 10
Ph.D. students and for postdoctoral research work.
Norway
Director Chen thanked Norway on behalf of CCOP, particularly extending his deep
appreciation for the support of the large project on Petroleum Policy and Management. The
project has contributed to the increase in the level of activities and in the financial strength of
CCOP. This project has recently been evaluated, having received a very good review, in
particular that the objectives are expected to be met. The project is proceeding well from the
planning to implementation stage, through the effective handling of the Norwegian Project
Coordinator. The project reviewers also noted the very strong support of many participating
Member Countries and Cooperating Countries. Indeed the project, besides its tangible
outputs, is contributing very significantly to building trust and understanding, and promoting
regional cooperation.

Russian Federation
Korea enquired on the current status of the offshore gas hydrates project in the Sea of
Okhotsk. Russia replied that several potential fields have been found.
ASCOPE asked about the status of the cooperation between Zarubefnet of Russia
with Petrovietnam on the proposed Refinery at Dung Quat, Central Vietnam. Russia
answered that Zarubefnet has pulled out of the partnership with Petrovietnam. The good
relationship is still maintained and Zarubefnet is now only one of the contractors of
Petrovietnam in the Refinery Project.
Sweden
China thanked Sweden for their cooperative undertakings with the Chinese Central
and Provincial Governments in the fields of environment, agriculture, renewable energy,
water management, GIS technology for urban management and medical geology. Resources
and environment are the main theme for the sustainable development of most countries in the
21st Century. The Chinese scientists would like to learn from and share the experiences with
the Swedish scientists and the scientists of the CCOP Member and Cooperating Countries in
these fields, and China hopes to maintain cooperation with Sweden in the future.
Malaysia mentioned that the subject of Medical Geology was introduced to the
medical profession and geoscientists in Malaysia by SGU in early 2004. Much interest was
generated following this presentation so that, as a follow-up to this, University Kebangsaan
Malaysia (UKM) will pursue this subject further with SGU.
United Kingdom
USA
Indonesia received 2 seismic instruments for the Awu Volcano (North-Sulawesi)
monitoring from USGS. This volcano erupted in June 2004 and using the seismic
instruments, an Early Warning System had been implemented that led to the safe evacuation
of more than 20,000 people. Indonesia expressed its appreciation to USGS and hopes for this
kind of cooperation to continue especially in the eastern part of Indonesia where volcanic
hazards are common.
6.2
Cooperating Organizations Reports
ASCOPE
Director Chen thanked ASCOPE for elaborating on the CCOP-ASCOPE and CCOPASCOPE-PETRAD cooperation and expressed interest to know that ASCOPE has
undertaken a Coal Bed Methane activity where CCOP has similar on-going initiatives
particularly the seminar supported by USGS. He also proposed that ASCOPE consider joint
activities in Coal Bed Methane including the organization of further seminars.

CIFEG
CPC
Dr. Terman elaborated on the Circum-Pacific Geospatial Data Project (CPGDP):
The Working Group on Geological Correlation (WGGC) was initiated in 1995 with funds
from Industrial Associates. The objective was to create a Lexicon of Lithostratigraphic
Units, a Correlation Chart of Biostratigraphic Zones, and a tabulation of available
Geochronologic Isotopic Dates. The project underestimated the difficulty in accumulating
some of the data, but Dr. Terman expressed confidence that the databases and their analysis
would be completed during 2005, and he will work with CCOP Technical Secretariat for the
rapid publication.
CPGDP is also proposing a legend for a Sea Level Change Map. If feasible CPGDP
will prepare a trial compilation at a scale of 1:2,500,000 of a part of the CCOP area and hope
to present such an example for CCOPs critique and comment at the next meeting.
Germany expressed a personal view that CPC is looking for solutions that are
acceptable to everyone. Regarding the diversity/divergency of opinions and objectives, one
could prefer a democratic approach which means, looking for solutions which are
acceptable to the majority and that, with this position, it may be questionable, whether
solutions are still solutions.
UNESCAP
UNESCAP would like to continue its cooperation with CCOP in groundwater
resource assessment and groundwater quality monitoring through formulation of joint
projects, mutual attendance of major legislative and technical meetings, exchange of
publications and relevant data as well as contributions and inputs to major relevant networks.
GETECH
GETECH made the following points in his oral presentation concerning the past year:
Oil prices high

Oil exploration significantly increased in SE Asia
Consequence was good sales of GETECH-CCOP magnetic compilation of SE
Asia
Royalties to CCOP amounted to $12,250 (already paid to CCOP)
Expect 2004-2005 to be similar
PETRAD

IODP
Dr. Prior in recent weeks had preliminary conversations with representatives of the
US National Science Foundation (Dr. Bill Chang), and IODP Management International Inc.
(IMI) (Dr. Yoichiro Otsuka) about International Membership of the Integrated Ocean Drilling
Project (IODP). These contacts are related to his involvement with ODP and IODP. The
questions being asked concern the possible establishment of an Asian consortium for IODP.
NSF (USA) and MEXT (Japan) are the lead agencies for IODP and IMI is the Central
Management Organization. The concept being proposed is that CCOP might consider
becoming an umbrella organization for the formation of an Asian Consortium, involving
some of the CCOP Member Countries. It would be recognized that Japan is already one of
the leader countries for IODP, and China has already joined IODP as an Associate Member.
Should CCOP wish to function as an umbrella then NSF/MEXT would conclude an MOU
with CCOP, representing the consortium and the CCOP Member Countries wishing to be part
of the consortium.
These ideas are very preliminary and NSF/MEXT/IMI would like to engage the
CCOP Steering Committee and CCOP Technical Secretariat in discussions concerning the
feasibility of this approach. Contact information and draft concept information are being
provided to the CCOP Director.
Geological Survey of Finland (GTK)
UN-ESCAP asked about the relation between the European Spatial Planning
Observation Network (ESPON) and the Geological Survey of Finland (GTK). GTK replied
that EPSON is a Network Programme that has to address matters of spatial relevance in the
wider EU area. GTK participated in a tendering process and acquired the ESPON Action
1.3.1. on natural and technological hazards.
International Year of the Planet Earth (IYPE)
Dr A J Reedman (Honorary Adviser) spoke on behalf of IUGS who were unable to be
in attendance. He reiterated plans launched by IUGS and UNESCO for an International Year
of the Planet Earth. The aim was to have the year promulgated by the UN General
Assembly as soon as possible with the programmes operating between 2005 and 2007/8 with
the actual year being in 2006. Political support in the UN had already been obtained from
many countries including China and brochures on nine key geoscientific areas were being
prepared. It was anticipated that significant funding would be available for both the scientific
and outreach (public education) programmes. He hoped that CCOP and its Member Countries
could play a significant role in the region through this initiative.
7. GENERAL CONSULTATIVE MEETING

The report of the Advisory Group was presented by Dr. David Prior, Chairman of
the Advisory Group (ANNEX VIII).
The Director thanked the Advisory Group for its complimentary words about the
performance of the Technical Secretariat. He attributed this success to the dedication and
hard work of the CCOP T/S staff. This success is only possible with the cooperation of the
Member Countries, and the unwavering support and practical advice given by the
Cooperating Countries, Cooperating Organizations and Honorary Advisors. The Technical
Secretariat will do its utmost to serve the Member Countries.
Dr. Reedman amplified the comments in the Advisory Groups report regarding the
high standard of MC written reports. He edited the meeting report and so was very well
aware of the increasing standards, particularly in the way the reporting guidelines were being
adhered to.
8. DATE AND VENUE FOR THE NEXT ANNUAL SESSION

The Chinese Delegation informed the meeting that China will be pleased to host the
42nd Annual Session of CCOP in Xian in 2005. Xian is one of the ancient capitals in
Chinese history and October in Xian is the best season in the year.
The Meeting accepted the offer with gratitude and thanked China for their generosity.
9. OTHER MATTERS
EAGER PROJECT
Dr. Terman explained the background to the EAGER Project. Following the joint
CCOP and GSA agreement, the Project was inaugurated in 2003 at the Kuala Lumpur CCOP
Annual Session. Ms. Marilah Sarman of Malaysia was the first grantee. She is completing
her thesis which will be translated from Bahasa Malaysia, but she recently forwarded an
accompanying abstract and the poster on Langkawi Geopark. At the early November GSA
Annual Session in Denver, the International Division enthusiastically endorsed a proposal to
conduct a 2005 GSA Technical Session or Symposium on Geoheritage Resources
Conservation and Management. Subsequently this proposal was further endorsed by the new
Geology and Society Division, the Natural Park Service, the Forest Service, the Bureau of
Land Management, and many State geologists. It is very heartwarming to note how this
initial EAGER project thesis is serving as a catalyst for a subsequent major symposium
during which Ms. Sarman will be a principal speaker of the next GSA meeting.
Dr. David Prior gave a summary of the assessment of the 3 proposals submitted by
Japan, as host of the 41st Annual Session, for the 2004 EAGER Award. He reported that the
Advisory Group had assessed that the research entitled High Resolution Climate Change and
the Human Impacts on the Song Hong Delta Areas Vietnam during the Holocene by Ms.
Zhen Li of Nagoya University as the successful proposal for the EAGER Award.
The EAGER Grant was handed over by Dr. Maurice Terman, Honorary Advisor, to
Ms. Zhen Li in a brief ceremony.
Dr. Reedman advised the delegates of an important international meeting to be held
in Vienna in 2005. The meeting, Cost Benefit Analysis of Geological Expertise is being
organized by the Geological Survey of Austria and should be of great interest to many of the
CCOP countries. He had information leaflets available for interested delegates.

10
10. GENERAL REMARKS FROM DELEGATIONS

Member Countries
Cambodia
The Cambodian delegation, expressed its sincere thanks to the Government of Japan
for hosting the 41st CCOP Annual Session and the 44th CCOP Steering Committee Meeting in
Tsukuba.
They appreciated the outcome of the 2004 CCOP Workplan. It hopes that the 2005
CCOP Workplan will further enhance GDMR staff capacity and capability to manage and
develop geoscientific fields in Cambodia.
China
The Chinese delegation extended its sincere thanks to the Japanese Government,
National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Geological
Survey of Japan and the CCOP T/S for organizing this very efficient and successful meeting.
The experience for successful organization of this meeting will be helpful to the Chinese host
to organize the next CCOP Annual Session which will be held in Xian, China in October
2005.
China has gained much useful technical and management experience from the
cooperation with the CCOP Member Countries, Cooperating Countries and International
Organizations in the geo-resources, geo-environment and geo-information sectors. China
will extend the cooperation with CCOP Member Countries, and hopes to transmit the
scientific results obtained from the cooperation into the sustainable development in the Asian
Region.
Indonesia
The Indonesian Delegation expressed its thanks, appreciation and congratulation for
the success of the meeting. It accepts the results and decisions of the meeting. The
Indonesian delegation acknowledged and greatly appreciated the warm hospitality of the
Government of Japan, especially the Geological Survey of Japan, AIST. This meeting was
very well arranged by the Organizing Committee.
They also delivered thanks and appreciation to the CCOP T/S, Director Chen Shick
Pei and his team for their hard work. To the other Member Countries, the Indonesian
delegation offers its appreciation and thanks for all the cooperation in CCOP and bilateral
work.
They expressed thanks to China for offering to host the 42nd CCOP Annual Meeting
in 2005. And lastly, Indonesia also expressed its appreciation to all the Cooperating
Countries and Organizations for all the excellent cooperation.

11
Japan
The Japanese Delegation and the host country of the 41st CCOP Annual Meeting
expressed its sincere thanks to all participants and the CCOP T/S for their cooperation. It
hopes that all think this meeting is successful and that there are no difficulties in the country.
A summary of the message Japan wishes to express here follows:
1. We are more and more aware that important tasks in geo-science like the global
environmental issues can only be dealt with by close cooperation among different
organizations and across different sectors. Therefore, for implementation of the current
CCOP projects led by Japan, AIST Japan has made an effort to establish a cross-agency
group composed of different Institutes and Organizations: AIST, University of Tokyo,
Kanazawa University, JOGMEC, ERSDAC, NEDO, JAMSTEC, academic societies, and so
forth, which may go beyond our traditional Ministry boundary. Newly identified are four
tasks for the East and Southeast Asia region 1) Geoscience for the global environment; 2)
Geo-hazards, 3) Energy resources and 4) Geo-information.
2. We would particularly like to apply the excellent technology and facilities, which
already exist in AIST like satellite remote sensing methods using ASTER and/or GRID
technology, to contribute to our above mentioned geoscience issues. Application to actual
cases will be easier employing this know-how. Management of groundwater and coastal
environment evaluation that were the topics of the Thematic Session during the 41st Annual
Session and volcanic hazard mitigation are three examples.
Japan has organized a team including governmental agencies, national institutes and
private sectors for the CCOP activities. It hopes the team can tackle regional issues with the
CCOP Member Countries and the Cooperating Countries and Organizations. Besides, Japan
will try to contribute to specific issues in the CCOP region. The coastal erosion in Thailand
is a good example. We would like to apply our technology that the team has been developing
to such issues.
Korea
The Korean Delegation expressed its sincere appreciation to Japan for their fantastic
organization of this 41st CCOP Annual Session. They also thanked the Advisory Group as
well as Cooperating Countries and Cooperating Organizations for their great effort to make
the CCOP a more effective organization.
Korea will continue its efforts to initiate new projects in the future in close
consultation with CCOP T/S and Member Countries.
Malaysia
The Malaysian Delegation thanked the AIST and the Government of Japan for hosting
the 41st CCOP Annual Session in Tsukuba. The atmosphere has been most cordial, but more
significantly several new initiatives and ideas have been presented. The exhibition has been
most useful and has enabled all to gain a better insight into the various activities related to
geoscience disciplines. Malaysia took the opportunity to also accord her appreciation to all

12
Member Countries, Cooperating Countries, Cooperating Organization and the CCOP T/S for
assistance rendered.
Papua New Guinea
Papua New Guinea wished to reiterate its appreciation and thanked the host, Japan, its
Organizing Committee, Director of CCOP T/S and his staff for the hospitality and well run
Annual Session.
Papua New Guinea also shares the expression and statements made by the Advisory
Group in commending the enormous progress CCOP has achieved and the level of
confidence it now displays.
The comments stem from experience and involvement, and from the standpoint as a
member of SOPAC. There are a lot of opportunities in CCOP that Papua New Guinea can
benefit from.
The Philippines
The Philippines wished to take the opportunity to thank the Cooperating Countries
and Organizations, particularly Norway, the United States of America and Canada for their
support on the programs and projects reported at this Session. In these economically trying
times, their support means a lot to the Country.
To the Japanese Organizers, particularly AIST and GSJ, and the other supporting
entities that have made the 41st CCOP Annual Session a fruitful and pleasant experience for
all the delegations, go the sincerest congratulations and gratitude for their tremendous efforts
to help achieve the Session goals, something that is truly and traditionally Japanese. These
Japanese entities have effectively joined hands with the equally hardworking CCOP T/S to be
able to give the delegations only the best.
Thanks were given to China for graciously offering to host the 42nd Annual Session.
Finally, the Philippines praised the CCOP T/S for having dynamically carried out its
mandate, thus giving a fresh outlook in the running of CCOP activities.
Thailand
The Thai Delegation expressed its sincere appreciation to the Geological Survey of
Japan, the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, and the
Government of Japan for the warm hospitality and friendly atmosphere in hosting the 41st
CCOP Annual Session in this beautiful Science City. Sincere thanks are also due to the
CCOP T/S, Cooperating Countries and Organizations for the hard but fine coordination work.
Thailand confirmed its full cooperation and strong support in all the Sectors of CCOP.

13
Vietnam
CCOPs Annual Sessions are traditionally held annually according to the CCOPs
mandate to review and exchange the scientific activities of all Member, Cooperating
Countries and Organizations. All the information presented and provided generalized not
only scientific research within one year but addressed also the socio-economic achievements
that are influenced by the geological research.
On this occasion, Vietnams Delegation to CCOP expressed its sincere gratitude to
the Cooperating Countries and Organizations for their fruitful cooperation in the field of
geosciences.
Thanks were also extended to the host country, Japan, who played the key role in the
remarkable contribution to the success of the CCOP Annual Session 2004, and their
hospitality is unforgettable.
Vietnam also highly appreciated the great effort rendered by Co-Chairmen and the
CCOP T/S that also significantly contributed to the success of CCOP Annual Session 2004.
Cooperating Countries
Denmark
The Danish delegation acknowledged with much gratitude the generous hospitality of
the Government of Japan and all the staff of the Institutes involved in the excellent
organization of the 41st CCOP Annual Session in Tsukuba.
The delegation also expressed its appreciation to the Director of CCOP T/S, Mr. Chen
and his staff, as well as all the reporters for their endeavours to accommodate success of the
Annual Session.
The Danish delegation congratulated the CCOP Steering Committee, which under the
chairmanship of Mr. Somsak Potisat, has been able to lead CCOP with remarkable success
during the past year.
The Danish delegation also encouraged the CCOP Steering Committee in continuing
their endeavouor to maintain the evolution of CCOP in such a way that meets the demands
and undertakes the challenges of the continuous change of the world. Such an effort without
doubt will contribute to the assurance of a sustainable future for the organization.
As representative of Denmark I want to assure CCOP that we will continue to work
closely with CCOP T/S in an effort to identify new funding sources within the Danish
development aid system. In the immediate future, our efforts will focus on achieving the
final approval of the Capacity Building Project by Danida, while we will do the best in our
ability to continue the implementation of the ongoing projects with great commitment and
responsibility to the benefit of all CCOP Member Countries.

14
Last but not least, I wish the continuous success of the CCOP family among whom I
feel always as a welcomed member and I am looking forward to be able to see you all again
next year in Xian, China.
Germany
As representative of Germany, I would like to express my thanks to CCOP and its
Secretariat for the invitation to the CCOP Annual Session in Tsukuba and to the host country
Japan for the successful organization and hospitality received.
During the past 2 months, Japan has undergone severe threatening by geo-hazards,
especially by floods and earthquakes. Geohazards cannot be avoided, but by modern
geosciences and high technology man is able nowadays to implement effective early warning
systems and to mitigate the effects of geohazards. To improve life standards, it is important
that countries around the world and geoscientific institutions closely work together. I am
convinced that CCOP and its activities will contribute to reach this goal.
In this sense, I wish that CCOP reaches its goals for the future sustainable development
of the region, its Member Countries with benefits for its population and environment.
I hope that we see each other again next year in Xian.
Russian Federation
The delegation of Russian Federation expressed its sincere thanks to GSJ/AIST,
Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry for their warm
hospitality and excellent organization of the 41st CCOP Annual Session, Tsukuba, Japan.
The delegation is very grateful to Mr. Chen Shick Pei and CCOP T/S for the enormous
preparative works and perfectly realized organization and work facilities during the 41st
Annual Session. The delegation will work to strengthen the cooperation between Russian
Federation and the CCOP Member Countries in the future, especially in the fields of
geological and thematic mapping, exploration and prospecting works, environmental
monitoring and remediation.
Sweden
The Swedish delegation thanked the Japanese Government and AIST for the generous
hospitality provided during the meeting. The delegation also congratulated CCOP T/S and its
Director Chen Shick Pei for the hard work done during the year and not least in preparing and
conducting the 41st Annual Session.
Sweden, as shown in its reports during the years, is deeply engaged in the Member
Countries of CCOP in many important geoscience projects, mainly in the field of
environmental protection and management of groundwater resources. It hopes that this
cooperation will continue in the future to the mutual benefit and CCOP as an organization
will continue to play its important role in coordinating various activities and not least in
disseminating the results achieved. Thanks were accorded to China for the invitation to
Xian next year.

15
Honorary Advisor
Dr. Prior spoke on behalf of the Advisory Group saying, I am pleased to add sincere
thanks to the Government and people of Japan for hosting this CCOP Annual Meeting. Nine
years ago, I was privileged to be in Tsukuba for the previous CCOP Meeting. Then, Director
of the Geological Survey of Japan was Dr. Takeo Sato and it was a pleasure to see him again
last evening. We would especially thank the present Director Dr. Eikichi Tsukuda for a
wonderful Scientific Meeting. Nine years ago Dr. Sato arranged for an entertainment
performance of drummers with masks. Last evening Dr. Tsukuda arranged for a superb
performance of young musicians and dancers. Both performances will stay with us forever as
very enjoyable memories of Japanese culture, in addition to the excellence of geoscience
research in the Geological Survey of Japan. Thanks to the excellent arrangements made by
the Japanese Organizing Committee the whole Annual Session had been a great success.
11. ADOPTION OF REPORT

The report was adopted on 17th November 2004, subject to minor corrections and
editorial review.
CLOSING CEREMONY
The Chairperson then declared the 41st CCOP Annual Session closed and looked
forward to attending the 42nd CCOP Annual Session in Xian, Peoples Republic of China in
2005.

16
ANNEX I
COORDINATING COMMITTEE FOR GEOSCIENCE PROGRAMMES
IN EAST AND SOUTHEAST ASIA (CCOP)
41st CCOP Annual Session
15-18 November 2004
Tsukuba, Japan
LIST OF PARTICIPANTS
MEMBER COUNTRIES :
CAMBODIA
Mr. Sieng Sotham (Head of Delegation)
Director, Department of Geology
General Department of Mineral Resources (GDMR)
Ministry of Industry, Mines and Energy (MIME)
#13,Street 307, Sangkat Boeng Kak II, Khan Tuol Kork,
Phnom Penh, Cambodia
Tel:
(855-12) 914 239
Fax: (855-23) 210 811
E-mail: geodept@online.com.kh
Mr. Chrea Vichett
Deputy Permanent Representative Cambodia to CCOP
Deputy Director, Department of Mineral Resources
Development, Ministry of Industry, Mines and Energy #45,
Preah Norodom Blvd.
Tel:
(855-23) 210 811
Fax: (855-23) 210 811
E-mail: dgm@camnet.com.kh
Ms. Mak Boly
Deputy Director of Department of Geology
General Department of Mineral Resources
Ministry of Industry, Mines and Energy (MIME)
#45, Preah Norodom Blvd.
Tel:
(855-12) 880 527
Fax: (855-23) 210 811
E-mail: dgm@camnet.com.kh
CHINA
Prof. Dr. Zhang Hongtao (Head of Delegation)
Permanent Representative of China to CCOP
Deputy Director General
China Geological Survey (CGS)
No. 24, Huangsi Dajie, Xicheng District
Beijing 100011, Peoples Republic of China
Tel:
(86-10) 5163 2806, 5163 2963
Fax: (86-10) 5163 2907
E-mail: zhongtao@mail.cgs.gov.cn

Mr. Jiang Shijin

Director, Division of International Cooperation
No. 24, Huangsi Dajie
Xicheng District, Beijing 100011
Peoples Republic of China
Tel:
(86-10) 5163 2963
Fax: (86-10) 5163 2907
E-mail: jshijin@mail.cgs.gov.cn
Mr. Guo Xinghua
Division Director
Xian Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources
No. 166, East Youyi Road, Xian 710054
Tel:
(86-10) 8782 1906
Fax: (86-10) 8782 1900
E-mail: gxinghua@163.com
Mr. Fan Jun
Xian Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources
No. 166, East Youyi Road, Xian 710054
Tel:
(86-10) 8782 1903
Fax: (86-10) 8782 1900
E-mail: xafjun@163.com
Prof. Dr. He Qingcheng
Professor, Director of Department of Ground Water
China Institute of Geo-Environmental Monitoring
No. 20, Dahuisi, Haidian District, Beijing 100081
Tel:
(86-10) 6217 1221
Fax: (86-10) 6217 3426
E-mail: heqc@public.bta.net.cn
Mr. Liu Liqun
Vice Director
Division Chief of International Cooperation and Training
Exploration and Production Research Institute
China Petroleum and Chemical Corporation
No. 31 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing
Tel:
(86-10) 8231 2033
Fax: (86-10) 8231 2069
E-mail: liuligun@pepris.com
17
INDONESIA
Dr. Ir. Djadjang Sukarna (Head of Delegation)
Director
Geological Research and Development Center
Jl. Diponegoro 57, Bandung 40122
Indonesia
Tel:
(62-22) 727 2601
Fax: (62-22) 720 2669
E-mail: jajangsukarna@hotmail.com
grdc@grdc.esdm.qo.id
Ir. Hubertus Danaryanto
Head of Sub-Directorate of Groundwater Conservation
Directorate of Geological and Mining Area Environment
Indonesia
Tel:
(62-22) 727 4768
Fax: (62-22) 727 4768
E-mail: danaryanto@dgtl.esdm.go.id
satriyo@dgtl.esdm.go.it
Ir. Surono
Head of Geological Hazard Mitigation Division
Directorate of Volcanology and Geological Hazard Mitigation
Indonesia
Tel:
(62-22) 727 2604
Fax: (62-22) 720 2761
E-mail: sorono@vsi.esdm.go.id
Ir. Kumala Hardjawidjaksana
Research Scientist
Marine Geological Research and Development Center
Jl. Dr. Junjunan 236, Bandung
Indonesia
Tel:
(62-22) 601 2201
Fax: (62-22) 601 7887
E-mail: hardjawidjaksana@yahoo.com
JAPAN
Dr. Kisaburo Kodama
Senior Vice President
National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science
and Technology (AIST)
AIST Tsukuba Central 7, Tsukuba
Ibaraki 305-8567, Japan
Tel:
(81-29) 862 6023
Fax: (81-29) 862 6047
E-mail: kodama-kisaburo@aist.go.jp
Dr. Tatsuo Katsura
Vice President
Tel:
(81-29) 862 6411
Fax: (81-29) 862 6006
E-mail: katsura-tatsuo@aist.go.jp
Dr. Eikichi Tsukuda

Deputy Permanent Representative of Japan to CCOP
Director General, Geoinformation Center
Tel:
(81-29) 861 3946
Fax: (81-29) 856 4989
E-mail: e-tsukuda@aist.go.jp
Dr. Hirokazu Hase
Emeritus Adviser
Institute for Geo-Resources and Environment
E-mail: hk-hase@aist.go.jp
Dr. Shigeko Togashi
Director, Institute of Geology and Geoinformation (IGG)
Geological Survey of Japan (GSJ)
Tel:
(81-29) 861 3502
Fax: (81-29) 861 3742
E-mail: s-togashi@aist.go.jp
Dr. Isao Matsunaga
Director, Institute for Geo-Resources and Environment
Tel:
(81-29) 861 8201
Fax: (81-29) 861 3717
E-mail: matsunaga-isao@aist.go.jp
Dr. Hirokazu Kato
Director
AIST Tohoku
4-2-1, Nigatalce, Miyagino-ku,
Sendai, 983-8551, Japan
Tel:
(81-22) 237 5211
Fax: (81-22) 231 1263
E-mail: h.katou@aist.go.jp
Dr. Msakatsu Sasada
Director
Research Center for Deep Geological Environments
Tel:
(81-29) 861 3900
Fax: (81-29) 861 3752
E-mail: sasada-masakatsu@aist.go.jp
18
Dr. Keiji Kimbara

Superintendent, Collaboration Department
Tel:
(81-29) 861 3881, 861 6415
Fax: (81-29) 861 3672
E-mail: k.kimbara@aist.go.jp
Dr. Yasuo Kanazawa
Councilor for Public, Public Relations Department
Tel:
(81-29) 862 6213, 862 3866
Fax: (81-29) 862 6212
E-mail: y.kanazawa@aist.go.jp
Dr. Yuichi Sugiyama
Director, Active Fault Research Center
Tel:
(81-29) 861 3917
E-mail: sugiyama-y@aist.go.jp
Mr. Takayuki Matsuo
Director, International Affairs Department
Tel:
(81-29) 862-6241
Fax: (81-29) 862 6249
E-mail: matsuo-takayuki@aist.go.jp
Dr. Satoshi Sekiguchi
Director, Research Center of Grid Technology
Tel:
(81-29) 862-6608
Fax: (81-29) 861 6601
E-mail: s.sekiguchi@aist.go.jp
Dr. Makoto Yuasa
Deputy Manager, Geoinformation Center
Tel:
(81-29) 861 2462
Fax: (81-29) 861 3672
E-mail: yuasa-m@aist.go.jp

Dr. Yusaku Yano

Deputy Director
Tel:
(81-29) 861 2412
Fax: (81-29) 861 3717
E-mail: y.yano@aist.go.jp
Dr. Yasukuni Okubo
Manager, Geoinformation Center
Geological Survey Planning and Coordinating Office
Tel:
(81-29) 861 3846
Fax: (81-29) 856 4989
E-mail: yasu-okubo@aist.go.jp
Dr. Takemi Ishihara
Senior Research Scientist
Institute of Geology and Geoinformation
Tel:
(81-29) 861 3830
Fax: (81-29) 861 3589
E-mail: t-ishihara@aist.go.jp
Dr. Ryouichi Kouda
Assistant Director, Geoinformation Center
Tel:
(81-29) 861 3888
Fax: (81-29) 861 3672
E-mail: roy.kouda@aist.go.jp
Dr. Takashi Okai
Senior Officer, Geoinformation Center
Tel:
(81-29) 861 3853
Fax: (81-29) 861 3672
E-mail: t-okai@aist.go.jp
19
Dr. Osamu Matsubayashi

Senior Officer for International Collaboration
Geoinformation Center
Tel:
(81-29) 861 3998
Fax:
(81-29) 856 4989
E-mail: matsubayashi-osamu@aist.go.jp
Dr. Fumitoshi Murakami

Institute of Geology and Geoinformation
Tel:
(81-29) 861 2404
Fax: (81-29) 861 3589
E-mail: fumi-murakami@aist.go.jp
Dr. Ichiyou Isobe

Principal Research Scientist
Tel:
(81-29) 861 3831
Fax: (81-29) 861 3752
E-mail: isobe-i@aist.go.jp
Dr. Satoshi Murao

Senior Research Scientist, Geoinformation Center
Tel:
(81-29) 861 3635
Fax: (81-29) 856 4984
E-mail: s.murao@aist.go.jp
Dr. Yasumasa Kinoshita

Senior Researcher, Geoinformation Center
Tel:
(81-29) 861 3789
Fax: (81-29) 856 4989
E-mail: taisei-kinoshita@aist.go.jp
Dr. Kinichiro Kusunose

Leader, Mineralogy and Paleontology Research Group
IGG, Geological Survey of Japan (GSJ)
Tel:
(81-29) 861 3882
E-mail: k.kusunose@aist.go.jp
Dr. Yoshihisa Okuda

Principal Research Scientist
Tel:
(81-29) 861 3856
Fax: (81-29) 861 3717
E-mail: okuda-gsj@aist.go.jp
Dr. Koichi Shimokawa
Tel:
(81-29) 861 3914
Fax: (81-29) 861 3672
E-mail: k.shimokawa@aist.go.jp

Dr. Yoshiki Saito

Leader, IGG, Geological Survey of Japan (GSJ)
Tel:
(81-29) 861 3895
Fax: (81-29) 861 3747
E-mail: yoshiki.saito@aist.go.jp
Dr. Koji Wakita
Leader, IGG, Geological Survey of Japan (GSJ)
Tel:
(81-29) 861 2469
Fax: (81-29) 861 3742
E-mail: koji-wakita@aist.go.jp
Dr. Souju Namiki
Assistant Director, International Affairs Department
Tel:
(81-29) 862 6432
Fax: (81-29) 862 6249
E-mail: namiki-soju@aist.go.jp
20
Dr. Akira Takada

Tel:
(81-29) 861 3928
Fax: (81-29) 861 3742
E-mail: a-takada@aist.go.jp
Dr. Akinobu Miyakoshi

Research Scientist
Tel:
(81-29) 861 3240
Fax: (81-29) 861 3684
E-mail: miyakoshi-a@aist.go.jp
Dr. Yoshihisa Kawanabe

Tel:
(81-29) 861 3893
Fax: (81-29) 856 4989
E-mail: y-kawanabe@aist.go.jp
Ms. Naoko Muto

Officer, Geoinformation Center
Tel:
(81-29) 861 3635
Fax: (81-29) 856 4989
E-mail: n-muto@aist.go.jp
Dr. Atsunao Marui

Tel:
(81-29) 861 2382
E-mail: a.marui@aist.go.jp
Dr. Yutaka Takahashi
Tel:
(81-29) 861 3933
Fax: (81-29) 861-3653
E-mail: takahashi-yutaka@aist.go.jp
Dr. Masumi Yamamuro
Tel:
(81-29) 861 3766
Fax: (81-29) 861 3766
E-mail: m-yamamuro@aist.go.jp

Dr. Futoshi Nanayama

Tel:
(81-29) 861 3967
Fax: (81-29) 861 3747
E-mail: nanayama-f@aist.go.jp
Dr. Yoshiharu Nishioka
Researcher, Geoinformation Center
Tel:
(81-29) 861 3970
Fax: (81-29) 861 3687
E-mail: y-nishioka@gsj.go.jp
Mr. Yoshiaki Sugawara
Tel:
(81-29) 861 3604
Fax: (81-29) 861 3602
E-mail: sugawara-yoshiaki@aist.go.jp
21
Dr. Toru Tamura

Research Scientist
Tel:
(81-29) 861 3813
Fax: (81-29) 861 3747
E-mail: toru-tamura@aist.go.jp
Dr. Akiko Tanaka
Tel:
(81-29) 861 3962
Fax: (81-29) 861 3609
E-mail: akiko-tanaka@aist.go.jp
Mr. Kazuaki Watanabe
Tel:
(81-29) 861 3219
Fax: (81-29) 861 3602
E-mail: kzk.watanabe@aist.go.jp
Dr. Masaharu Kamitani
Institutes for Geo-Resources and Environment
Dr. Kimio Okumura
Institute of Geology and Geoinformation (IGG)
E-mail: okumura-kimio@aist.go.jp
Mr. Yoji Teraoka

Tel:
(81-29) 838 1545
E-mail: teraoka@mail1.accsnet.ne.jp
Dr. Yukio Togashi
Tel:
(81-29) 861 3614
E-mail: togashi-yukio@aist.go.jp
Ms. Sumiko Miyano
Technical Staff, Geoinformation Center
Geological Survey of Japan, AIST
Tel:
(81-29) 861 3635
Fax: (81-29) 856 4989
E-mail: s-miyano@aist.go.jp
Ms. Kyoko Nakayama
Technical Staff
E-mail: kyoko-nakayama@aist.go.jp
Ms. Mieko Ono
Technical Staff, Geoinformation Center
Tel:
(81-29) 861 3606
Fax: (81-29) 861 3602
E-mail: lawkan-ono@aist.go.jp
Dr. Tadashi Sato

E-mail: sato-tad@fgi.or.jp
Ms. Akane Shima

Assistant, Geoinformation Center
Geological Survey of Japan, AIST
Tel:
(81-29) 861 3635
Fax: (81-29) 856 4989
E-mail: a-takeya@aist.go.jp

22
Ms. Haruna Tarusawa

Technical Staff
Institute of Geo-Resources and Environment
E-mail: haruna-tarusawa@aist.go.jp
Ms. Midori Ushioda
Technical Staff
E-mail: ushioda-midori@aist.go.jp
Ms. Junko Yagi
Assistant
International Affairs Department
Tel:
(81-29) 861 9158
Fax: (81-29) 862 6249
E-mail: j.yagi@aist.go.jp
Dr. Takeo Sato
President
National Personnel Authority
1-2-3, Kasumigaseki, Chiyoda-ku
Tokyo 100-8913, Japan
Tel:
(81-3) 3581 5324
Fax: (81-3) 3580 6092
Website : http://www.jinji.go.jp/top_e.htm
Dr. Satoru Ohya
President
Geological Information Utilization and Promotion Initiatives
3F Maruo-Building
3-17-7 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku
Tel:
(81-3) 5804 5711
Fax: (81-3) 5804 5911
E-mail: ohya-satoru@gupi.jp
and
Adviser
Oyo Corporation
Ichigaya Building, 4-2-6 Kudan-Kita, Chiyoda-ku Tokyo, 1020073, Japan
Tel:
(81-3) 3234 0811
Fax: (81-3) 3234 0383
E-mail: ohya-satoru@oyonet.oyo.co.jp
Dr. Shinji Tsukawaki
Associate Professor, Division of Eco-Technology
Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology
Kanazawa University
Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa
Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
Tel:
(81-76) 264 5814
Fax: (81-76) 264 5990
E-mail: tukawaki@t.kanazawa-u.ac.jp

Dr. Furuuchi Masami

Associate Professor
Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology
Kanazawa University
2-40-20, Kodatsuno, Kanazawa
Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
Tel:
(81-76) 234 4646
Fax: (81-76) 234 4644
E-mail: mfuru@t.kanazawa-u.ac.jp
Dr. Soh Won
JAMSTEC/ IFREE DSR
2-15, Natsushima, Yokosuka
Kanagawa 237-0061, Japan
Tel:
(81-46) 867 9310
Fax: (81-46) 867 9315
E-mail: soh@jamstec.go.jp
Dr. Kikawa Eiichi
IFREE, JAMSTEC
2-15, Natsushima, Yokosuka
Kanagawa 237-0061, Japan
Tel:
(81-46) 867 9590
Fax: (81-46) 867 9512
E-mail: kikawa@jamstec.go.jp
Ms. Li Zhen
Graduate School of Environmental Studies
Nagoya University
Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku
Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
Speakers :
Dr. Akihiko Kondo
Professor
Center for Environmental Remote Sensing (CEReS)
1-33 Yayoi, Inage
Chiba 263-8522, Japan
E-mail: kondoh@faculty.chiba-u.jp
Dr. John D. Milliman
Professor
College of William and Mary
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
Dr. Yasuo Sakura
President, Professor of Hydrogeology
Japanese Association of Groundwater Hydrology
Department of Earth Sciences
Chiba University
1-33 Yayoi-Cho, Inage-ku
Chiba 263-8522, Japan
Tel:
(81-43) 290 2844, 278 5695
Fax: (81-43) 290 2844, 278 5695
E-mail: ysakura@faculty.chiba.ujp
23
Dr. Traugott Scheytt

Associate Professor
Technische Universitat Berlin Fachgebiet
Berlin University of Technology
Ackerstr 71-76, 13355 Berlin
Tel:
(49-30) 314 7 2417
Fax: (49 30) 314 2 5674
E-mail: ttraugott.scheytt@tu-berlin.de
Dr. Changyuan Tang
Associate Professor
Graduate School of Science and Technology
Chiba University
1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku
Chiba 263 8522, Japan
Tel:
(81-43) 290 2843
Fax: (81-43) 290 2859
E-mail: cytang@faculty.chiba.ujp
Dr. Makoto Taniguti
Research Institute for Humanity and Nature
335 Takashima-cho, Marutamachi-dori
Kawaramachinishi-iru, Kamigyo-ku
Kyoto 602-0878, Japan
E-mail: makoto@chikyu.ac.jp
Dr. Zuosheng Yang
Professor
Institute of Estuarine and Coastal Studies
Ocean University of China
5 Yushan Road, Qingda 266003
Dr. Masaya Yasuhara
Tel:
(81-29) 861 3776
E-mail: masaya-yasuhara@aist.go.jp
Dr. Tomochika Tokunaga
Associate Professor
Department of Geo-system Engineering
University of Tokyo
7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku
Tel:
(81-35) 841 7025
Fax: (81-33) 818 7492
E-mail: tokunaga@geosys.t.u-tokyo.ac.jp
KOREA
Dr. Sang Kyu Lee (Head of Delegation)
Vice President
Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources
(KIGAM)
30 Gajeong-dong, Yuseong-gu
Daejeon 305-350, Republic of Korea
Tel:
(82-42) 868 3007
Fax: (82-42) 868 3151
E-mail: lesak@kigam.re.kr
Dr. Dae Gee Huh
Director, Petroleum and Marine Resources Division
(KIGAM)
Tel:
(82-42) 868 3213
Fax: (82-42) 862 7275
E-mail: huh@kigam.re.kr
Dr. Seong-Cheon Shin
Director, Geological and Environmental Hazards Division
(KIGAM)
Tel:
(82-42) 868 3165
Fax: (82-42) 861 9723
E-mail: scshin@kigam.re.kr
Dr. Byoung-Woo Yum
Director, Groundwater and Geothermal Resources Division
(KIGAM)
Tel:
(82-42) 868 3375
Fax: (82-42) 863 9404
E-mail: ybw@kigam.re.kr
Dr. Pyeong-Koo Lee
Leader of Natural Hazard Prevention Research
(KIGAM)
Tel:
(82-42) 868 3371
Fax: (82-42) 862 5056
E-mail: pklee@kigam.re.kr
Dr. Se Won Chang
Principal Researcher
(KIGAM)
Tel:
(82-42) 868 3337
Fax: (82-42) 862 7275
E-mail: swchang@kigam.re.kr

24
Dr. Kwon Gyu Park

Senior Researcher, Korea Institute of Geoscience and
Mineral Resources (KIGAM)
Tel:
(82-42) 868 3250
Fax: (82-42) 861 9723
E-mail: kgpark@kigam.re.kr
Dr. Joo Sung Ahn
Senior Researcher, Groundwater and Geothermal
Resources Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience and
Tel:
(82-42) 868 3227
Fax: (82-42) 861 9719
E-mail: jsahn@kigam.re.kr
Dr. Seong Yong Kim
Senior Researcher, Korea Institute of Geoscience and
Tel:
(82-42) 868 3061
Fax: (82-42) 862 3059
E-mail: ksy@kigam.re.kr
Dr. Wook Hyun Nahm
Researcher of Quaternary Environment
Geological and Environmental Hazards Division
(KIGAM)
Tel:
(82-42) 868 3119
Fax: (82-42) 861 9723
E-mail: nahmwh@kigam.re.kr
Ms. Yoon Hee Ahn
Administrator, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral
Resources (KIGAM)
Tel:
(82-42) 868 3212
Fax: (82-42) 868 3808
E-mail: annyuni@kigam.re.kr
MALAYSIA
Dr. Chu Ling Heng (Head of Delegation)
Permanent Representative of Malaysia to CCOP
Director-General
Minerals and Geoscience Department
20th Fl., Tabung Haji Bldg., Jalan Tun Razak
50658 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Tel:
(603) 2161 1033
Fax: (603) 2161 1036
E-mail: chu@jmg.gov.my

Mr. Nordin Ramli

Senior Manager, PSC Exploration Management
Petroleum Resource Assessment and Marketing
Petroleum Management Unit, PETRONAS
Level 22, Tower 2, Petronas Twin Towers
50088 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Tel:
(603) 2331 4467
Fax: (603) 2331 3238
E-mail: Nordin_ramli@petronas.com.my
PAPUA NEW GUINEA

Mr. Stevie T.S. Nion (Head of Delegation)
Deputy Permanent Representative of PNG to CCOP
Deputy Secretary
Department of Mining
Private Mail Bag, Port Moresby Post Office, NCD
Papua New Guinea
Tel:
(675) 321 2945
Fax: (675) 321 7958
E-mail: steve_nion@mineral.gov.pg
PHILIPPINES
Mrs. Griselda J.G. Bausa (Head of Delegation)
Deputy Permanent Representative of the Philippines to
CCOP
Assistant Secretary
Department of Energy
Energy Center, Merritt Road, FT. Bonifacio
Taguig, Metro Manila, Philippines
Tel:
(63-2) 840 2074
Fax: (63-2) 840 2167
E-mail: gbausa@doe.gov.ph
THAILAND
Mr. Somsak Potisat (Head of Delegation)
Chairman, CCOP Steering Committee
Permanent Representative of Thailand to CCOP
Director-General
Department of Mineral Resources (DMR)
Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment
Rama VI Road, Ratchathewi
Bangkok 10400, Thailand
Tel:
(66-0) 2640 9470 to 1
Fax: (66-0) 2640 9470 to 1
E-mail: somsak@dmr.go.th
Mr. Samai Chiemchindaratana
Deputy Director-General
Tel:
(66-0) 2644 4851
Fax: (66-0) 2640 9470
E-mail: samai@dmr.go.th
25
Dr. Tawsaporn Nuchanong

Deputy Permanent Representative of Thailand to CCOP
Director, Geological Resource Conservation and
Management Division
Tel:
(66-0) 2202 3930
Fax: (66-0) 2644 8781
E-mail: tawsapon@dmr.go.th
Dr. Sommai Techawan
Chief of Foreign Affairs Section
Tel:
(66-0) 2202 3932
Fax: (66-0) 2644 8781
E-mail: sommai@dmr.go.th
Mr. Jittrakorn Suwanlert
Geologist
Department of Groundwater Resources
75/10 Rama VI Road, Rachathewi
Tel:
(66-0) 2202 3795
Fax: (66-0) 2345 3509
E-mail: jittrakorn@dgr.go.th
VIETNAM
Dr. Nguyen Thanh Van (Head of Delegation)
Department of Geology and Minerals of Vietnam
6 Pham Ngu Lao, Hanoi
Socialist Republic of Vietnam
Tel:
(84-4) 826 1779
Fax: (84-4) 825 4734
E-mail: nguyenthanhvan@dgmv.gov.vn
Mrs. Nguyen Thi Dung
Director of International Cooperation Division
Department of Geology & Minerals of Vietnam
6 Pham Ngu Lao, Hanoi
Tel:
(84-4) 826 0671
Fax: (84-4) 825 4734
E-mail: dungnt@dgmv.gov.vn
Mr. Nguyen Xuan Nhu

Senior Officer, Petroleum Division
Office of the Government of Vietnam
No.1 Bach Thao, Hanoi
Tel:
(84-4) 804 3043
Fax: (84-4) 804 4130
COOPERATING COUNTRIES :
CANADA
Mr. Ralph G. Currie (Head of Delegation)
Representative of Canada to CCOP
Head, Pacific Geoscience Centre
Geological Survey of Canada (GSC)
9860 West Saauich Road, P.O. Box 6000
Sidney, B.C. V8L 4B2, Canada
Tel:
(1-250) 363 6419
Fax: (1-250) 363 6739
E-mail: rcurrie@nrcan.gc.ca
DENMARK
Mr. Ioannis Abatzis (Head of Delegation)
Representative of Denmark to CCOP
Senior Advisor
Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS)
ester Voldgade 10, 1350 Copenhagen K
Denmark
Tel:
(45) 3814 2516
Fax: (45) 3814 2050
E-mail: ia@geus.dk
GERMANY
Dr. Buttkus Burkhard (Head of Delegation)
Head of Division, Geophysics, Marine and Polar Research
Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR)
Stilleweg 2, Post Box 510153, D-30655 Hannover
Germany
Tel:
(49-511) 643 3242
Fax: (49-511) 643 3663
E-mail: buttkus@bgr.de
JAPAN
(see Member Country)
THE NETHERLANDS
Mr. Pham Tuan Viet

Senior Officer, International Cooperation Division
PETROVIETNAM
22 Ngo Quyen Street, Hanoi
Tel:
(84-4) 825 2526
Fax: (84-4) 826 5942
E-mail: ptviet_htqt@hn.pv.com.vn
Dr. Joseph L.J. de Sonneville (Head of Delegation)

Representative of The Netherlands to CCOP
Director, International Cooperation
Netherlands Institute of Applied Geoscience
TNO National Geological Survey
Princetonlaan 6, P.O. Box 80015
3508TA Utrecht, The Netherlands
Tel:
(31-30) 256 4412
Fax: (31-30) 256 4425
E-mail: j.desonneville@nitg.tno.nl

26
NORWAY
SWEDEN
Mr. Erling Kvadsheim (Head of Delegation)

Representative of Norway to CCOP
Senior Geologist
Norwegian Petroleum Directorate (NPD)
P.O. Box 600, N-4003 Stavanger
Norway
Tel:
(47-51) 876 494
Fax: (47-51) 551 571
E-mail: erling.kvadsheim@npd.no
Dr. Naz Ahmed Shaikh (Head of Delegation)

Representative of Sweden to CCOP
Director
Geological Survey of Sweden (SGU)
Box 670, SE-751 28 Uppsala
Sweden
Tel:
(46-18) 179 000
Fax: (46-18) 179 210
E-mail: naz.ahmed.shaikh@sgu.se
Mr. Gunnar V. Soiland

Senior Geologist
Norwegian Petroleum Directorate (NPD)
P.O. Box 600, N-4003 Stavanger
Norway
Tel:
(47-51) 876 629
Fax: (47-51) 551 571
E-mail: gunnar.soiland@npd.no
UNITED KINGDOM
RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Dr. Elena Konstantinovskaya (Head of Delegation)
Representative of Russian Federation to CCOP
Leading Research Scientist, Geological Institute
Russian Academy of Sciences
7 Pyzhevsky per., 119 017 Moscow
Russian Federation
Tel:
(7-095) 230 8158
Fax: (7-095) 951 0443
E-mail: elenak@ginras.ru
Dr. Anatoly Stavskiy
Head of the Group, Mineral Group
Ministry of Natural Resources of Russian Federation
Post Box 225, 117463 Moscow
Russian Federation
Tel:
(7-095) 422 0000
Fax: (7-095) 423 1322
E-mail: stavsky@mineral.ru
Dr. Oleg Chudaev
Deputy Director
Far East Geological Institute Russian Academy of Sciences
Vladivostok, Prospect 100 let Vladivostok
159, Vladivostok 690022
Russian Federation
Tel:
(7-423) 231 8327
Fax: (7-423) 231 7847
E-mail: chudaev@fegi.ru

Dr. David Ovadia (Head of Delegation)

Representative of United Kingdom to CCOP
Director of International and Corporate Development
British Geological Survey (BGS)
Keyworth, Nottingham NG12 5GG
United Kingdom
Tel:
(44-115) 936 3100
Fax: (44-115) 936 3474
E-mail: dco@bgs.ac.uk
U.S.A.
Dr. Jack H. Medlin (Head of Delegation)
Representative of United States to CCOP
Chief, Asian and Pacific Programs
Office of International Geology
U.S. Geological Survey (USGS)
MS-954 National Center
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
Reston, Virginia 20192, U.S.A.
Tel:
(1-703) 648 6446, 642 6062
Fax: (1-703) 648 4227
E-mail: jmedlin@usgs.gov
COOPERATING ORGANIZATIONS :
ASCOPE
Mr. Zainal Abidin Matassan (Head of Delegation)
Asean Council on Petroleum (ASCOPE)
Secretary-in-Charge
Level 45, Tower 1, Petronas Twin Towers
Kuala Lumpur City Centre, 50088 Kuala Lumpur
Malaysia
Tel:
(603) 2331 4804
Fax: (603) 2331 1203
E-mail: matassan@petronas.com.my
27
CIFEG
HONORARY ADVISERS :
Mr. Franois Lyonnais (Head of Delegation)

Information Manager
Centre International Pour La Formation et les Echanges
Gologiques (CIFEG)
3 Avenue Claude Guillemin, B.P. 6517
45065 Orleans Cedex 2, France
Tel:
(33-2) 3864 4643
Fax: (33-2) 3864 3472
E-mail: f.lyonnais@brgm.fr
Dr. David B. Prior

Chairman, CCOP Advisory Group
Honorary Adviser
Executive Vice President and Provost
Texas A&M University
1248 TAMU, College Station
Texas 77843-1248, U.S.A.
Tel:
(1-979) 845 4016
Fax: (1-979) 845 6994
E-mail: dprior@tamu.edu
CPC
Dr. David Howell (Head of Delegation)
President
Circum Pacific Council (CPC)
345 Middlefield Rd., MS 975, Menlo Park,
CA 94025, U.S.A.
Tel:
(1-650) 329 5430
Fax: (1-650) 3294936
E-mail: dhowell@usgs.gov
ESCAP
Mr. Anatoly Kadushkin (Head of Delegation)
Scientific Affairs Officer
UNESCAP
Water Resources Section, Environment and Sustainable
Development Division
United Nation Bldg., Rajadamnern Nok Avenue
Tel:
(66-0) 2288 1527
Fax: (66-0) 2288 1059
E-mail: kadushkin.unescap@un.org
GETECH
Dr. J. Derek Fairhead (Head of Delegation)
Professor of Applied Geophysics
Managing Director
Geophysical Exploration Technology (GETECH)
School of Earth Sciences
University of Leeds, Leeds LS 2 9JT
United Kingdom
Tel:
(44-113) 343 5215 (DL), 343 5240
Fax: (44-113) 242 9234
E-mail: jdf@getech.leeds.ac.uk
info@getech.leeds.ac.uk
PETRAD
Dr. ystein Berg (Head of Delegation)
Managing Director, PETRAD
Prof. Olav Hanssens vei 10
P.O. Box 600, 4003 Stavanger
Norway
Tel:
(47-51) 876 139
Fax: (47-51) 876 428
E-mail: oystein.berg@petrad.no
Dr. Yoshihiko Shimazaki

Honorary Adviser to CCOP
Adviser
Nikko Exploration & Development Co., Ltd.
7-10 Toranomon, 2-Chome Minato-ku
Tel:
(81-3) 3503 7782
Fax: (81-3) 3508 9785
E-mail: shimazaki@tankai.co.jp
Dr. Anthony J. Reedman
Secretary of Forum of Directors of European
Geological Surveys (FOREGS)
15 Malvern Road, Mapperley
Nottingham NG3 5GZ
United Kingdom
Tel:
(44-115) 962 1063
Fax: (44-115) 960 7294
E-mail: antony@areedman.freeserve.co.uk
or
Visiting Researcher
Tel:
(82-42) 868 3044
Fax: (82-42) 861 9714
Dr. Charan Achalabhuti
Senior Adviser
PTT Exploration and Production PCL.
555 Vibhavadi-Rangsit Road
Tel:
(66-0) 2537 4047
Fax: (66-0) 2537 4920
Dr. Maurice J. Terman
Scientist Emeritus
U.S. Geological Survey
917 National Center, Reston
VA 20192, U.S.A.
Tel:
(1-703) 648 6070
Fax: (1-703) 648 4227
E-mail: mterman@usgs.gov
28
OBSERVER :
CCOP TECHNICAL SECRETARIAT :
Dr. Philipp Schmidt-Thome'

Project Manager
Geological Survey of Finland (GTK)
P.O. Box 96, 02151 ESPOO
Finland
Tel:
(35-8) 20 550 2163
Fax: (35-8) 20 550 12
E-mail: philipp.schmidt-thome@gtk.fi
Mr. Chen Shick Pei

Director
E-mail: spchen@ccop.or.th
Mr. Thongphath Inthavong

Director General
Department of Geology and Mines
Khaunboulom Rd., Vientiane
Lao Peoples Democratic Republic
Tel:
(85-6) 2121 2082
Fax: (85-6) 2122 2539
E-mail: dgmnet@laotel.com
Dr. Young-Soo Park

Regional Expert
E-mail: yspark@ccop.or.th
Mr. Simplicio P. Caluyong
PPM Regional Project Coordinator
E-mail: sim@ccop.or.th
Mrs. Marivic P. Uzarraga
Geodata and Information Management
E-mail: vic@ccop.or.th
Mr. Anan Voratarntrakul
Finance and Administration
E-mail: anan@ccop.or.th
Ms. Petcharat Sarawisutra
Technical Programme
E-mail: fern@ccop.or.th
Mrs. Sunit Prokati
Publication and Documentation
E-mail: sunit@ccop.or.th
Mr. Piyawatchara Pramalnrut
Assistant in IT
E-mail: kapi@ccop.or.th

24th Floor, Suite 244-245, Thai CC Tower
889 Sathorn Tai Road, Sathorn
Tel:
(66-0) 2672 3080
Fax:
(66-0) 2672 3082
E-mail: ccopts@ccop.or.th
Website: http://www.ccop.or.th

29
ANNEX II
OPENING ADDRESS
by
Dr. Hiroyuki Yoshikawa
President
National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
At the Opening Ceremony of the 41st CCOP Annual Session
15 November 2004
Tsukuba, Japan
Distinguished guests,
Ladies and Gentlemen,
My name is Kisaburo Kodama, and I am the Vice President of AIST, the National Institute of
Advanced Industrial Science and Technology.
First of all, I would like to extend an apology on behalf of the President of AIST, Dr.
Hiroyuki Yoshikawa, for not being able to be here with you this morning due to his
responsibility to host the Science and Technology in Society Forum in Kyoto.
I have the pleasure of conveying his message to you as a part of the Opening Ceremony of
the 41st Annual CCOP Session.
I would like to take this opportunity to express my gratitude to the CCOP Technical
Secretariat, which co-hosts this Annual CCOP Session. At the same time, on behalf of the
organizers, I would like to express my appreciation to all of the participants, especially those
who traveled long distances from abroad. We are greatly honored to hold this Annual
Session in Japan, and hope that it will be a rewarding experience for all participants.
My speech today will be divided into three sections. I will start out by introducing AIST
and its strategies. I will follow this with an explanation of the research done on geo-systems
at AIST and around the world. Finally, I will outline the themes and goals of this years
CCOP Session.
I will start by introducing AIST. On April 2001, AIST was brought into existence by uniting
and amalgamating the research institutes under the former Agency of Industry and Science
Technology, including the Geological Survey of Japan. Now it is one of the biggest
scientific institutes in Japan with about 2,400 permanent researchers.
At AIST, we develop research strategies to promote comprehensive studies, from
fundamental research to final applications, in the areas of environment, energy, geo-systems,
information technology, and so on. We conduct scenario-driven research programs, the
results of which will contribute to our society and industry, and consequently to the
sustainable development of the human race. This is what we call Full Research.

31
We develop this Full Research in an international context. We aim to strengthen research

cooperation especially with Asian countries and would like to contribute to the sustainable
development in the region around Japan.
Next, I will introduce geo-system research at AIST and touch on the international
contribution of this research. We have been carrying out research in the areas of
geo-resources, geo-environment and geo-information, which we also are addressing through
CCOP. We are planning to develop projects in Asia such as the global standardization of
geoinformation, geoinformation networking, the creation of environment-friendly technology
for sustainable development, the invention of technology to contribute to natural hazard
mitigation, and the dissemination of satellite data and its application to environmental issues.
We would like to utilize the CCOP network in promoting this kind of research.
As you already know, we suffered extensive damage from the earthquake in Niigata last
month. We have been focusing on the collection and analysis of basic data on active faults
and other related geological data. In response to this particular earthquake, we are
conducting earthquake fault surveys in that area and collect information on seismic hazards
on the basis of our past investigation. In the field of geo-hazards, we have summarized and
published a Geo-hazard map of Eastern and South-eastern Asia through the CCOP network.
We hope to contribute to the world not only by promoting the exchange of geo-hazard
information on phenomena, such as earthquakes and volcanoes, through workshops and other
activities, but also by compiling basic geological information.
At this point, I would like to mention our novel method for geo-information sharing,
including both the transmission and distribution of these data. We propose to contribute to
geoinformation networking in Asia by establishing a common framework by utilizing a
state-of-the-art technology called GRID.
Finally, I would to like to talk about the themes and goals of this session. In organizing the
41st Annual CCOP Session, we set up a domestic organizing committee composed of AIST
and related organizations. Today, the geoscience issues are diversified, interdisciplinary and
global in their nature that we must cooperate to maximize the fields we can cover. On the
occasion of this Annual Session, for the first time we established a nationwide group as an
organizing committee. We will enhance this system to address international issues
confronting CCOP by bringing together our collective knowledge.
These days, sustainable development is a global concern. However, a change in social
systems should be required. Asian countries in recent years have achieved remarkable
industrial and social progress, therefore we realize that CCOP needs to change in response to
these new conditions. As the host organization, we hope to that this Annual Session provides
the chances to discuss ways of creating new CCOP. As one example, we have proposed a
Thematic Session on groundwater and coastal environment issues to discuss the technical
issues in depth.
I would like to draw your attention to an exhibition, set up with considerable support from
industry, academic and governmental institutes. This is the first attempt to organize such an
exhibition in the CCOP Annual Session. I hope the sessions and exhibition will facilitate
information exchange among various groups and lead to the enhancement of cooperation
among different sectors.

32
Newcomers to this Annual Session, I challenge you with the task of helping us establish new
CCOP, aiming at the sustainable development of Asia. We at AIST wish to play a positive
role in contributing to the improvement of CCOP and its activities by listening to your
opinions and advice. We would be grateful if you could join us and give us your open
opinions on how we can improve our performance.
Here I declare the 41st Annual Session of CCOP officially opens.
Thank you very much.
Read by Kisaburo Kodama
Vice President of the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology
on behalf of
Hiruoyuki Yoshikawa
President of the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology
15 November 2004

33
WELCOME SPEECH
by
Mr. Somsak Potisat
Chairman CCOP Steering Committee
15 November 2004
Tsukuba, Japan
Dr. Hiroyuki Yoshikawa, President, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and
Technology, (AIST)
Mr. Hiroshi Hirota, Director General for Technology Policy Coordination, Ministry of
Economy, Trade and Industry (METI)
Mr. Katsumi Moriyasu, Principal Deputy Director of United Nations Administration Division,
Global Issues Department, Ministry of Foreign Affairs
Dr. Eikichi Tsukuda, Director General, Geological Survey of Japan, GSJ/AIST
Dr. David Prior, Chairman, CCOP Advisory Group
Dr. Anthony Reedman, Senior Advisor, IUGS International Year of Planet Earth
Mr. Chen Shick Pei, Director, CCOP Technical Secretariat
Distinguished delegates
Ladies and gentlemen
A very good morning to you all and

Ohio Gozaimasu
First of all, on behalf of CCOP, we would like to express our deepest appreciation to Dr.
Hiroyuki Yoshikawa, President of the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and
Technology (AIST) for giving us his very valuable time to be with us at this official opening
of the 41st CCOP Annual Session, and for having so graciously agreed to do us the honour of
officiating this opening ceremony. We are also delighted to welcome representatives of the
Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry to our Meeting
this morning. I would also like to extend a very warm welcome to all the delegates and
colleagues from CCOP Member Countries, Cooperating Countries and Organizations,
Honorary Advisors and Observers to this years CCOP Annual Session that is being held in
this prestigious science city Tsukuba. A special welcome goes to Dr. Thongphat Inthavong,
Director General, Department of Geology and Mines, Lao PDR to this 41st CCOP Annual
Session.
On behalf of the Meeting, we would like to extend our heartiest congratulations to Dr.
Oystein Berg, Managing Director, and Representative of PETRAD to CCOP for being
bestowed the highest and prestigious China Friendship Award on 29 September 2004. This
award is also a pride in our CCOP family and we hope that Dr. Oysteins contributions made
to our CCOP friend China prevails to the success of cooperation in CCOP.

34
The Annual Session is one of the key activities in the calendar of CCOP. It provides the
forum for the Member Countries and Cooperating Countries and Organizations to jointly
assess the CCOP activities of the past year and review the activities planned for the coming
year. Through the Advisory Group Meeting, expert guidance and advice on technical and
cooperative issues related to CCOP will be given. We believe that through this forum, the
purpose of CCOPs activities will be examined and discussed to ensure that it brings benefits
to the Member Countries. This years Annual Session is an especially important one as we
will be discussing the Advisory Groups Brainstorming recommendations on further
strengthening CCOP and enhancing its role as an intergovernmental organization for
geoscience in contributing to economic development and an improved quality of life of the
region. Their recommendations will guide CCOP well in the future.
CCOP is indeed a unique regional geoscience organization. Increasingly, in the regional
context, CCOP, besides its very significant contributions to geoscience, is playing a very
important role in providing the platform for the sharing of knowledge, expertise and
information that contributes greatly to regional understanding and cooperation. This regional
role of CCOP is making important impacts on promoting regional economic cooperation and
development and supporting the worlds efforts in improving the well being of the people,
particularly that of the poor.
We would like to express our deep appreciation to all the Cooperating Countries and
Organizations for the continued support of CCOPs activities as well as the bilateral
development assistance provided to our Member Countries. Their Representatives and
Honorary Advisors have given valuable guidance and advice on CCOPs activities, and
contributed technical and scientific information that Member Countries have greatly
benefited. We would especially like to thank the members of the Advisory Group who have
given their valuable time, and on their own expenses came to Bangkok for the Brainstorming
Session held earlier this year.
With the unwavering commitment of the Member Countries, and the very strong support of
the Cooperating Countries, Organizations and friends, we are seeing that the level of CCOP
activities is on the increase every year. We are able to carry out many activities not only in the
3 sectors, GeoResources, GeoEnvironment and GeoInformation, but also, as necessitates by
the rapidly changing environment, we are seeing that some of our activities are increasingly
inclined towards multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary approaches. This means that, we, as
geoscientists now need to work with professionals in other fields such as planners, policy
makers, engineers, environmental and social science practitioners, emergency response
workers etc. This is an important change that gives us the opportunity to maximize
geoscience inputs for better policy decision making, and more effective actions that can
contribute to improving the well being of the people.
This years Annual Session has also set the example of how the purpose and benefits of the
Meeting could be further maximized. The Japanese Organizing Committee has introduced
the exhibition and poster sessions in conjunction with the Annual Session. This has received
very good response and it is participated by the universities, research institutes and the
private sector. The exhibition and poster session will highlight the latest technology
development and related researches as well as provide us with the opportunity for networking
with the participating specialists. We would like to express our appreciation to the
participants of the Exhibition and the Poster Sessions for the contributions.

35
Ladies and gentlemen, the last time Japan hosted the CCOP Annual Session was nine years
ago in 1995. We are indeed delighted to have the opportunity to come back to Tsukuba, Japan
for the 41st Annual Session this year. We would like to express our gratitude to the
Government and People of Japan for the generous hosting of the Meetings and the warm
hospitality accorded to our delegates. We would also like to thank the Japanese Organizing
Committee headed by Dr. Kisaburo Kodama, Vice President, National Institute of Advanced
Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) for the hard work and meticulous arrangements
which made this one of the best annual sessions organized. We also like to express our
heartfelt thanks to the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry, and the Ministry of Foreign
Affairs, Japan for their kind support in co-hosting this Annual Session.
Once again, Dr. Yoshikawa, we are very honored by your gracious presence and we express
our deepest gratitude to you for giving us your valuable time. We would also like to thank the
staff of your Institute, AIST/Geological Survey of Japan who have given us their full support
and cooperation to CCOP in every respect.
I wish the 41st Annual Session great success.
Thank You and
Arigato Gozaimasu

36
WELCOME SPEECH
by
Mr. Katsumi Moriyasu
Principal Deputy Director of the United Nations Administration Division
Global Issues Department, Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MFA)
15 November 2004
Tsukuba, Japan
Mr. Chairman,
Excellencies, and Distinguished guests,
Firstly, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to the Organizing Committee for inviting
me to the 41st CCOP Annual Session. As a member since its establishment, it is a real
pleasure for us to hold this 41st Annual Session here in Japan.
We acknowledge that this organization has achieved great success in the geo-science
programs, especially in the field of human resource development, institutional capacity
building and information sharing on technology among member states, cooperating states and
cooperating organizations.
Japan has attached greater importance to your activities in assisting developing countries,
particularly in the field of geo-scientific cooperation on the use of energy and mineral
resources and for disaster risk management. It is our intension to continue our support to the
organization as much as possible.
At the moment, in fruitful cooperation with CCOP, the National Institute of Advanced
Industrial Science and Technology has been promoting many projects such as fire disaster
prevention. Coordination with Japanese universities in these projects has also begun. With
these new cooperative relations to be further developed, I expect further improvements of
CCOP activities.
I recognize that CCOP activities have received solid support from member states and
cooperating states. Based on such coordination with these states, ESCAP and any other
organizations concerned, I sincerely hope further success of CCOP.
Thank you.

37
WELCOME SPEECH
by
Mr. Hiroshi Hirota
Director-General for Technology Policy Coordination
Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI)
15 November 2004
Tsukuba, Japan
Distinguished guests,
Ladies and Gentlemen,
Good Morning.
Thank you for introducing me. I am Hiroshi HIROTA, Director General for Technology
Policy Coordination, Ministry of Economy Trade and Industry.
It is my great pleasure to have an honor today to be able to attend the 41st Annul Session of
the Coordinating Committee for Geoscience Programmes in East and Southeast Asia (CCOP)
jointly with over 160 colleagues from 11 CCOP member countries, 10 cooperating countries,
and 5 cooperating organizations.
In November, you might feel slightly cool in Japan. As it is the most pleasant time of a year
in this country, we are really happy that you can pay a visit to Japan in the good season of
colored leaves. Because the city of Tsukuba is a place where Japan created the first science
city that has become one of the representative science towns in the world but it is still
surrounded by nature, I am sure that you all can enjoy those beautiful Japanese sceneries, as
well as the CCOP Annual Session.
Japan hosted the CCOP Annual Session in 1995, which was 9 years ago. Since that time there
have been economic difficulties in the CCOP region, but as all of you are aware the most
difficult time was past and we reached to a better stage as we stand now, owing to the large
efforts of individual countries and also by the collaboration among countries. However, as
other countries in the world have experienced already, economic growth in East and
Southeast Asia is bringing about some environmental and resource problems, such as
shortage of energy resources, destruction of forests, water pollution and so on.
All those problems are very serious and to be dealt with in a regional scale without regard to
national borders, or even in a global scale, rather than to be considered in the framework of
one country. In future, it is certainly inevitable to solve those problems, in order to keep
developing our society in East and Southeast Asia. We need to cooperate among the counties
in the region by sharing the knowledge and technologies of individual nations. In this respect,
multinational cooperation like CCOP is a very important framework. We believe that CCOP
is making a large contribution.
So far, based on the CCOP network, Japan took the leadership of joint efforts among the
CCOP member countries to work for standardizing and compiling the geoscientific data in
this region, such as regional geology data, groundwater data, and geothermal data. By
providing service of experts to CCOP Secretariat, and by publishing and distributing
38
technical reports and various maps, Japan has been actively engaged in the tasks of helping to
build up the capacity of people in the field of geoscience and geoinformation, together with
the CCOP member countries.
We are intending to keep on those previous efforts to promote multinational collaboration in
geoscience through CCOP. In particular, we plan to contribute to the following cooperation
topics: digitization and standardization of geological data in East and Southeast Asia;
forecast and mitigation of geohazards, such as volcano eruptions; groundwater resource
management; and also analysis of satellite remote sensing data for environmental problems in
this region.
In the 41st Annual Session, we have newly introduced Exhibition in the program, in which
industrial, academic and governmental sectors can exchange their views and technical
information. Geological excursion is also scheduled, so that you may have time to immerse
yourself in the local geology and natural beauty by participating in such an event, not to
mention having a time to vitalize ideas among the people from different sectors.
In conclusion, let me thank to the CCOP Technical Secretariat that mobilized this Session just
as in the previous annual sessions, and all the leaders and scientists of member countries,
cooperating countries, and cooperating organization for their efforts and supports. I wish the
Annual Session provide a good opportunity of international exchange for all the people
concerned, and sincerely hope the meeting a success with a lot of fruitful results come out of
this Session.
Thank you very much for your attention.

39
KEYNOTE ADDRESS
by
Dr. David B. Prior
Chairperson of the CCOP Advisory Group
41st CCOP Annual Meeting
7 November 2004
Tsukuba, Japan
Mr. Hiroshi Hirota,

Mr. Katsumi Moriyasu,
Dr. Kisaburo Kodama,
Mr. Somsak Potisat, Chairman of the CCOP Steering Committee,
Distinguished Delegates from the CCOP Member Countries,
Distinguished Representatives of the CCOP Cooperating Countries,
Distinguished Representatives of the CCOP Cooperating Organizations,
Members of the Staff of the CCOP Secretariat,
Honorary Advisors,
Friends of CCOP, ladies and gentlemen
It is again my distinct honor to continue to serve CCOP as Chair of the Advisory Group
representing 11 Cooperating Countries, 12 Cooperating Organizations, and Honorary
Advisors from 10 different countries, and on the occasion of the opening of the 41st CCOP
Annual Session, to offer a few remarks.
First I would like to join in thanking Mr. Hirota and Mr. Moriyasu for taking the time from
their very busy schedules, and gracing us with their presence here today.
We all also very much appreciate Dr. Kodama of the National Institute of Advanced
Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) for all that he has done to ensure the success of
our visit to Japan.
The meeting here in Tsukuba, Japans beautiful Science City, is an opportunity to experience
first hand the importance of science and technology, within Tsukubas Research and
Education District, as they contribute to economic development and quality of life in Japan.
In particular we will learn more about the work and contributions of the Geological Survey of
Japan - National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (GSJ/AIST) who
are our gracious hosts for this important international meeting.
We sincerely thank the Government of Japan, especially the Ministry of Economy, Trade and
Industry, and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs for their co-sponsorship of the meeting. We
are also very grateful for the more than 15 Japanese organizations and companies - in
addition to GSJ/AIST - for their support for this important annual meeting of CCOP and the
Steering Committee meeting.

40
The full list of supporting organizations and companies are provided in the program papers
and include other major organizations such as the Japan Agency for Marine Earth Science
and Technology (JAMSTEC), Japan Oil, Gas and Metal National Corporation (JOGMEC)
and the Earth Remote Sensing Data Analysis Center (ERSDAC) as well as leading
professional associations such as the Japan Geotechnical Consultants Association and the
Japanese Association of Ground Water Hydrology industry companies such as the Nikko
Exploration and Development Company, and the Geothermal Energy Research and
development Company - and last but not least academic institutions including the
University of Tokyo and Kanazawa University.
Indeed these institutions and organizations are just some representatives of the very
significant Japanese leadership in Geosciences research and education that are recognized
worldwide, and we are very pleased that they are joining our CCOP annual meeting.
But if you will permit me a brief personal observation, I have been very privileged to visit
Japan quite frequently in recent years to work with JAMSTEC and others in relation to Ocean
Drilling because Japans Geoscience leadership also includes its major role in the
Integrated Ocean Drilling Program the successor to ODP. As you will all know Japan is a
principal partner in IODP with a huge investment in a new scientific ocean drilling vessel
named Chikuyu (the Earth) that will help geoscientists from all over the world unlock the
secrets of the oceans resources and environmental history.
But in particular we certainly owe a sincere debt of gratitude to the Dr Eikichi Tsukuda,
Director General of GSJ and his staff, and especially to Dr. Yasukuni Okubo of AISTs
International Geoscience Cooperation Office, for all the arrangements that have been made in
preparation for our visit here. As we all know such meetings do not simply happen but
require enormous effort and attention to many details by countless individuals. On behalf of
the Advisory Group I wish to express our sincere appreciation for the welcome that has been
prepared and all that has been done to make this meeting a success.
And there is no doubt at all that this will be an important and successful meeting.
much significant work to be done in the coming days.
There is
We will, as usual, review the substantial achievements that have been made by CCOP
during the past year and the important new initiatives within individual member
countries. We will hear from Director Chen that the past few months have been
extremely busy with implementation of many project activities, and indeed it may be
observed that the CCOP staff has successfully taken on a very heavy workload in
support of seminars and workshops. They deserve our thanks and appreciation.
We will look ahead to the coming year and the new projects that are planned. In this
respect it will be very encouraging to hear from Director Chen about the interesting
development whereby some organizations that have not traditionally been involved
with CCOP, are having discussions about cooperation such as two Commissions of
the International Union of Geological Surveys (Geoinformation and Environment
Management), and the Community and Small Scale Mining (CASM) sector of the
World Bank.

41
In our special thematic session we shall also share valuable insights from many
different international points of view into geoenvironmental issues related to water
resources, deltaic systems, groundwater hydrology, and human interaction with the
natural systems with examples from the various CCOP countries. As we know from
earlier meetings there is much to learn from each other as we share insights into
particular problems and their resolution and one of the key roles of our thematic
sessions is to share experiences, best practices, and new technology.
We will also have an opportunity to consider the CCOP Member countries ideas
about the suggestions brought forward during past months by the Advisory Board as a
result of the so-called Brainstorming Session held in Bangkok in February. As
you know 8 members of the advisory board volunteered to travel to Bangkok and
consider the important issue arising from the last Annual Meeting -How should
CCOP build on existing strengths and evolve its activities to take advantage of new
contexts and opportunities? The wide ranging discussions considered 8 major areas
including the CCOP funding contexts, future CCOP roles, CCOP membership,
CCOP Secretariat and practical matters concerning the objectives and organization of
the annual meeting. The brainstorming from the advisors resulted in more than 50
suggestions that are being carefully considered by the Steering Committee. There
appears to be general agreement about the many of the suggestions - but a report that
has been compiled by the Secretariat from the very constructive comments from the
Members countries shows clearly that further discussion and clarification is needed,
and we all look forward to these conversations in the coming days.
As we consider the CCOP activities of the past year, and share ideas for the future it will be
apparent that there continues to be a very close and productive cooperation between the
Member countries, the Cooperating Countries and Organizations and the CCOP Secretariat.
Indeed it is this three way collaboration and synergy that makes CCOP a uniquely
important and productive partnership. At a time when our global society is facing myriad
new tensions and challenges, CCOP indeed stands as an outstanding example of what can be
achieved with a common purpose, and a willingness to work together across national and
cultural boundaries. We can proudly point to what can be achieved in addressing key local
and global geoscience issues in a spirit of international collaboration and trust.
And indeed many of the important geoscience issues facing us all, transcend national
boundaries, as well as having profound importance to local economies and quality of life.
For example, one has only to consider recent reports about global warming and the future of
global energy resources. A report issued just a few days ago warns that polar ice is melting
at an alarming rate much faster than previously understood due to global warming, a
process that Climate System modeling now predicts to be faster than earlier realized. The
consequences of this - globally and locally in terms of sea level and low lying coastal
environments await detailed further analysis. Similarly recent studies of world energy
resources, such as a recent report for Swedens University of Uppsala predict that worlds oil
reserves are up to 80% less than predicted and that production levels will peak in about 10
years time. This study actually suggests that the decline of oil and gas will affect world
population more than climate change.

42
In this respect please permit me to acknowledge, for a moment, one of the worlds pioneers in
oil and gas exploration, and a legendary leader in Geoscience, who passed away last Saturday
at his home in Houston, Texas. Michel T. Halbouty - known to his many friends across the
world, and certainly in the CCOP countries, as Mike Halbouty was truly a visionary whose
contributions spanned more than 70 years since his graduation from Texas A&M in 1930.
Author of more than 300 papers and monographs he first became fascinated with petroleum
geology as a water boy in the Spindletop field in Texas. Later he became one of the leading
experts in salt dome hydrocarbon reservoirs as well as a passionate writer on natural cycles of
global climate change. Among his many contributions to world geoscience, he was the
inspiration behind the influential Circum Pacific Council an organization with strong links
to many of the countries and agencies which comprise CCOP.
In closing, it seems self evident that international organizations such as CCOP will continue
to have very important roles in bringing public attention to major geoscience issues and their
effects, and in providing the scientific information essential for the development of necessary
public policy. Collaboration between the member countries and the cooperating countries will
continue to be essential in addressing georesource and geoenvironmental issues In East and
Southeast Asia.
In this spirit I know we are all looking forward to a very informative and interesting meeting,
and it gratifying to see so many old friends, who have traveled so far, gathered together in the
beautiful country of Japan, and in this important center for scientific research.
Once again, on behalf of the Advisory Group, I would like to sincerely thank the Government
of Japan for hosting the 41st CCOP Annual Meeting. We are most grateful to the Japanese
people for their warm welcome and hospitality and to the Organizing Committee for all the
excellent arrangements.
Thank you.

43
ANNEX III
15-18 November 2004
Tsukuba, Japan
AGENDA
OPENING CEREMONY
AGENDA ITEM
1.
ADOPTION OF THE AGENDA
2.
CCOP PROGRESS REPORT
3.
MEMBER COUNTRIES' PRESENTATIONS
4.
DRAFT CCOP WORKPLAN FOR 2005
5.
ADVISORY GROUP MEETING (to be held as a separate meeting)
6.
COOPERATING COUNTRIES AND ORGANIZATIONS PRESENTATIONS
7.
GENERAL CONSULTATIVE MEETING

7.1 Report of the CCOP Advisory Group Meeting
7.2 Consideration of CCOP Workplan for 2005
7.3 Statements by Cooperating Countries and Cooperating / Corresponding
Organizations on possible future assistance to CCOP in 2005 and onwards
8.
PROPOSED DATE AND VENUE OF THE 42nd ANNUAL SESSION
9.
OTHER MATTERS
9.1. Announcement of EAGER Award
10.
GENERAL REMARKS FROM THE DELEGATIONS
11.
THEMATIC SESSION ON Geo-Environment of Delta and Groundwater

Management in East and Southeast Asia
12.
ADOPTION OF THE REPORT
CLOSING CEREMONY

45
ANNEX IV
15-18 November 2004
Tsukuba, Japan
CCOP PROGRESS REPORT

This report for 2004 covers the period 01 July 2003 30 June 2004.
I. ADMINISTRATION AND PERSONNEL

As of 30th June 2004, the CCOP Technical Secretariat (CCOP T/S) has thirteen
personnel, comprising four professional and nine supporting staff. The organization chart of
the CCOP T/S is shown in Figure 1.
Mr. Somsak Potisat, Permanent Representative of Thailand to CCOP, Director
General, Department of Mineral Resources has started his term on 1 January 2004 as
Chairman of the CCOP Steering Committee for the period 2004-2005.
Dr. David Prior, Honorary Adviser, and Dr. Jos de Sonneville, Representative of the
Netherlands to CCOP continued their services as Chairman and Vice Chairman respectively
of the CCOP Advisory Group.
During the reporting period, there have been several changes of personnel in the
Technical Secretariat. Dr. Young-Soo Park took up his assignment as Regional Expert
succeeding Dr. Sevillo D. David Jr. from 1 April 2004. Mr. Gunnar Siland has completed
his two-year term as the Petroleum Policy and Management (PPM) Project Coordinator on 30
June 2004. Mr. Simplicio P. Caluyong, Regional PPM Project Coordinator succeeds him as
Project Coordinator from 1 July 2004. An assistant in Technical Programmes of the CCOP
T/S, Ms. Peerada Srisomboon, was hired on January 2004.
Dr. Simon Sembiring, Director General, Directorate General of Geology and Mineral
Resources succeeds Dr. Wimpy Tjetjep as Permanent Representative of Indonesia to CCOP.
The following were also appointed Deputy Permanent Representatives of the concerned
Member Countries to CCOP:
Mr. Chrea Vichett, Deputy Director, Department of Mineral Resources

Development, General Department of Mineral Resources, Ministry of Industry,
Mines and Energy, Cambodia.
Dr. Tawasaporn Nuchanong, Director, Geological Resource Conservation and

Management Division, Department of Mineral Resources (DMR), Thailand.
Dr. Eikichi Tsukuda, Director General, Geological Survey of Japan/AIST, Japan.

47

OPERATIONAL ORGANIZATION CHART
DIRECTOR
Secretary
Project Coordinators
Publication &
Documentation
Regional Expert
Technical Programmes
Finance & Admiin.
IT Associate Expert
Assistant
Chief
Assistant
Clerk/Driver
Manager
Assistant
Manager
Geodata & Info. Management
Office Helper
Professional Staff
Supporting Staff
Mr. Chen Shick Pei, Malaysia

Director
Dr. Young-Soo Park, Korea
Regional Expert (from 1 April 2004)
Mr. Simplicio Caluyong, Philippines
PPM Project Coordinator (from 1 July 2004)
Ms. Marivic P. Uzarraga, Philippines
Geodata and Information Management
Mr. Anan Voratamtrakul

Finance and Administration
Ms. Petcharat Sarawisutra
Technical Programmes
Ms. Sunit Prokati
Publication and Documentation
Mr. Piyawatchara Pramalnrut
Assistant in IT
Ms. Sansanee Wudthivanich
Secretary
Ms. Wanwisa Meengoen
Assistant in Finance
Ms. Peerada Srisomboon
Assistant in Technical Programmes
Mr. Theerayan Thimasarn
Clerk/Driver
Ms. Tavee Bootkaew
Office Helper
Staff who have completed their term

during the reporting period
Dr. Sevillo D. David Jr., Philippines
Regional Expert (until 31 March 2004)
Mr. Gunnar Siland, Norway
PPM Project Coordinator (until 30 June 2004)
(As of June 2004, the composition of the Secretariat's workforce include 4 full-time professional stafff and 9 support
personnel, totalling 13)
Figure 1. CCOP Technical Secretariat Organization Chart

48
II. FINANCE
(Ending 31 December 2003, and 1 January 30 June 2004)
At the end of 31 December 2003, total income was USD 302,526.87. In addition to
Member Countries contributions, the Technical Secretariat also earned USD 53,408.27 from
the management of projects. The amount of USD 13,937.64 was received from other incomes
which included interest earned, sale of publications, gain(loss) on exchange, and
miscellaneous incomes. The expenditure of USD 348,481.08 was incurred for operation and
administrative support. As of December 31, 2003, the CCOP General Fund registered a cash
balance of USD 307,997.84.
From January 1 to June 30, 2004, Member Countries total cash contributions
amounted to USD 270,641.42, of which USD100,822.38 were cash contributions for 2004,
USD116,343.95 for the arreas of 2003 and USD53,475.09 for the arreas of 2002 and 2001
(Table 1). The cash contributions for 2004 during the period January June 2004 consisted
of Thailand (USDD40,000), Vietnam (USD15,000), and partial contribution received from
Malaysia (USD45,000) and The Philippines (USD822.38).
The arrears of cash contributions for 2003 were received from China (USD50,000),
Indonesia (USD25,000), Papua New Guinea (USD10,000) and partial contribution received
from Korea (USD30,000), and The Philippines (USD1,343.95). The arrears of cash
contribution for 2001 and 2002 consisted of Indonesia (USD50,000) and The Philippines
(USD3,475.09). The expected cash contributions from the rest of the Member Countries are
USD 194,177.62 (Table 1).
In addition to Member Countries contributions, the amount of USD 35,783.30 was
earned from the management of projects during January June 2004 period (Table 2). Other
incomes during the period amounted to USD 5,020.82 including interest earned, sale of
publications, gain(loss) on exchange, and miscellaneous incomes. The total income during
the period was USD 311,445.54. The expenditure of USD 183,895.49 was incurred from
operation and administrative support. The cash balance as at end of June 2004 amounted to
USD 439,485.51.
The Financial Reports for the period January December 2003 and January June
2004 audited by Dhamniti Auditing Co., Ltd. are in Table 3 and Table 4 respectively.
The Technical Secretariat office premise is continuously being provided by the Royal
Thai Government, through the kind arrangement of the Department of Mineral Resources
(DMR), Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, at the 24th floor of the Thai CC
Tower, Sathorn Tai Road, Bangkok, Thailand. This provision amounts to USD 34,086 for the
year 2003, and USD 17,043 for January to June 2004. The Royal Thai Government through
the DMR also accorded the privileges and the cooperation to enable the CCOP T/S to operate
efficiently and effectively.

49
Table 1. Cash Contributions of Member Countries for 2003 and 2004

(Ending 30 June 2004)
Member
Countries
Cambodia
China
Indonesia
Japan
Korea
Malaysia
Papua New
Guinea
Philippines
Singapore
Thailand
Vietnam
Total
*
2001-2002
Contribution
Received in 2004
-
2003 Contribution
Received in 2004
2004 Contribution
Received in 2004
50,000.00
3.475.09*
53,475.09
2003Contribution
Expected to
Receive
-
2004Contribution
Expected to
Receive
5,000.00***
50,000.00
25,000.00
30,000.00*
10,000.00
45,000.00*
-
30,000.00
-
50,000.00
25,000.00
**
60,000.00
5,000.00***
10,000.00***
1,343.95*
-
822.38*
40,000.00
15,000.00
39,177.62***
-
116,343.95
100,822.38
30,000.00
194,177.62
Partial Contribution received
** Contribution made under Contract of Entrustment

*** Received after June 2004 Philippines, USD 3,161.44; Papua New Guinea, USD 4,550.27; Malaysia, USD 5,000;
Cambodia, USD 5,000
Table 2. Execution of Project and Activity, and Income from their Management
(January 1 June 30, 2004)
Organized with
Activities
Country
Period
Amount
(USD)
PETRAD
Seminar on Reservoir
Management and Technology
Kunming, China
January 12-15, 2004
3,120.00
PETRAD
Seminar on Gas Infrastructure

Governance Process
Doson, Vietnam
February 16-17, 2004
1,530.00
Bangkok,
Thailand
February 17-20, 2004
2,598.14
USGS
2nd Workshop on Global Mineral

Resource Assessment
PETRAD
Seminar on Operations and

Maintenance
Kunming, China
March 8-12, 2004
3,120.00
PPM
4th Installment from NORAD
March 30, 2004
24,046.37
BGR
Goal Oriented Project Planning

(GOPP)
Bangkok,
Thailand
May 31 June 4,
2004
1,368.79
35,783.30
Total

50
Table 3. Statements of Assets, Liabilities and Fund Balances

as at December 31, 2003
FUNDS
PPM
JECF
REP-II
CCOP
TOTAL
(USD)
ASSETS
CASH IN HAND AND AT BANKS
Cash in hand (petty cash)
USD savings account
USD fixed deposit
176,079.81
29,996.47
50,298.10
159.05
251.57
251.57
60,157.94
266,393.27
249,574.75
299,872.85
38.09
10.39
322.87
322.87
331.52
331.52
233,594.74
30,034.56
307,997.84
571,796.58
44,252.79
4,877.46
49,130.25
44,252.79
4,877.46
49,130.25
32,339.55
32,339.60
345,214.85
653,266.43
Baht current account
7,216.83
Baht savings account

Baht fixed deposit
(2,640.81)
4,624.50
TOTAL CASH IN HAND AND AT

BANKS
169.44
OTHER CURRENT ASSETS

Advance
TOTAL OTHER CURRENT ASSETS
FIXED ASSETS - EQUIPMENT,
0.05
NET
TOTAL ASSETS
277,847.53
30,034.61
169.44
LIABILITIES AND FUND

BALANCES
CURRENT LIABILITIES
Others
TOTAL LIABILITIES
FUND BALANCES
80.23
638.03
718.26
80.23
638.03
718.26
277,767.30
30,034.61
169.44
344,576.82
652,548.17
277,847.53
30,034.61
169.44
345,214.85
653,266.43
FUND BALANCES B/F
323,272.94
84,207.24
23,118.91
390,531.03
821,130.12
ADD
REVENUES
452,813.80
2,399.56
374.56
302,526.87
758,114.79
LESS
EXPENDITURES
(498,319.44)
(56,572.19)
(348,481.08)
(926,696.74)
277,767.30
30,034.61
344,576.82
652,548.17
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND

FUND
BALANCES
FUND BALANCES C/F
(23,324.03)
169.44
See supporting details for each fund through additional information attached
Notes to the financial statements form an integral part of these statements

51
Table 4. Statements of Assets, Liabilities and Fund Balances

as at June 30, 2004
ASSETS
CASH IN HAND AND AT BANKS
Cash in hand (petty cash)
USD savings account
USD fixed deposit
Baht current account
Baht savings account
Baht fixed deposit
TOTAL CASH IN HAND AND AT
BANKS
OTHER CURRENT ASSETS
Advance
TOTAL OTHER CURRENT ASSETS
FIXED ASSETS - EQUIPMENT, NET
TOTAL ASSETS
LIABILITIES AND FUND BALANCES
CURRENT LIABILITIES
Others
TOTAL LIABILITIES
PPM
FUNDS
JECF
CCOP
TOTAL
(USD)
169,829.90
50,482.67
7.32
-
29,468.10
79.96
-
245.64
147,725.16
250,494.43
2,293.60
38,402.16
324.52
245.64
347,023.16
300,977.10
2,380.88
38,402.16
324.52
220,319.89
29,548.06
439,485.51
689,353.46
40,754.52
40,754.52
261,074.41
6,703.36
6,703.36
26,327.11
472,515.98
47,457.88
47,457.88
26,327.16
763,138.50
389.11
389.11
467.45
467.45
78.34
78.34
0.05
29,548.11
FUND BALANCES
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND FUND
BALANCES
260,996.07
29,548.11
472,126.87
762,671.05
261,074.41
29,548.11
472,515.98
763,138.50
FUND BALANCES B/F

ADD REVENUES
LESS EXPENDITURES
FUND BALANCES C/F
277,767.30
302,804.18
(319,575.41)
260,996.07
30,034.61
93.81
(580.31)
29,548.11
344,576.82
311,445.54
(183,895.49)
472,126.87
652,378.73
614,343.53
(504,051.21)
762,671.05
See supporting details for each fund through additional information attached
Notes to the financial statements form an integral part of these statements

52
III. TECHNICAL COOPERATION AND PROJECT SUPPORT

Technical support for activities contributing to sustainable geo-resources and
environmentally sound development in the CCOP region is being continuously provided by
the Cooperating Countries and Organizations as summarized below (Table 5). To optimize
the benefits of the programme support by the Cooperating Countries and Organizations, the
Member Countries also provided in-kind support.
Table 5. Summary of CCOP technical activities with Cooperating Countries and Organizations
Cooperating
Country/Organization
Activities
Canada
Cooperation and support for an Ocean and Coastal Mapping Workshop to Member
Countries. Proposed workshop for the Philippines in 4thQ, 2004
Denmark
Developing a new project on Capacity Building in the Petroleum Sector
France
Support to the SANGIS Training-Bibliographic Phase and Asian Multilingual

Thesaurus Programme through CIFEG. A new project on European-Asian
thesaurus is also being proposed.
Support to technical visits of CIFEG experts to Member Countries
Japan
Cooperation on the Symposium/Workshop on Geo-information via the Internet and

CCOP Metadata. Five new projects are being supported for 2004-2005.
Germany
Supported the organization of a training course on Goal Oriented Project Planning

(GOPP) through BGR
The Netherlands
Communicating with TNO-NITG on CCOP-Netherlands cooperation for new

activities.
A new initiative on groundwater management is being discussed
Norway
Support for the Petroleum Policy and Management (PPM) Project

Through PETRAD, CCOP organized tailor-made bilateral seminars/workshops for
the CCOP Member Countries
Support for training on delineation of outer limits of the continental shelf and
Petrad series of seminars is under discussion
United Kingdom
Cooperation with GETECH in the production of aeromagnetic and gravity maps

Supported the organization of a dissemination seminar on KaR Metadata Project.
United States of America
Through U.S. Geological Survey, cooperation on the implementation of the Global

Mineral Resource Assessment Project (GMRAP)
Offered seminars on gas hydrates and coal bed methane workshops for MC
Initiative on Sea Grant model programme for the region with NOAA
Texas A & M University made available Fellowships for the Member Countries
Support for Integrated Ocean Drilling Programme for global climate change study
and involvement of CCOP in the programme is under discussion
Asean Council on
Petroleum (ASCOPE)
Close cooperation is maintained through jointly organizing seminars, information

exchanges for the benefit of the Member Countries. Participation in ASCOPE Joint
Committees Meeting to discuss current issues on CCOP and ASCOPE energy
programmes.

53
Cooperating
Country/Organization
Activities
Circum Pacific Council
Cooperation on the WGGC Project

Support for the RIMSIM facilitators training and the organization of the RIMSIM
simulation exercise, and Seminar on Disaster Risk Management with Asian
Disaster Preparedness Center
New initiative on Powering the Rim, and discussion on a project to develop new
modules of RIMSIM game for different scenarios
Economic and Social

Commission for Asia and
the Pacific (ESCAP)
Information exchange and discussion, cooperation on technical activities as well

as organizing workshops and conferences were continued. CCOP report for the
UN-ESCAP Commission Session
International Union of
Geological Sciences
(IUGS)
On-going discussion of cooperation on International Year of Planet Earth and

support to CCOP activities. Application for Associate Membership in IUGS.
Cooperation in various IUGS/IGCP projects and IUGS Commission activities
United Nations
Educational, Scientific &
Cultural Organization
(UNESCO)
Support to the organization of the SANGIS Training Programme- Bibliographic

Phase and SANGIS Asian Multilingual Thesaurus
Support for technical visits of CIFEG experts to Member Countries
Information exchange, discussion and cooperation on CCOP technical activities
were continued and new initiatives on groundwater discussed
Other Cooperating Countries generally continued their technical support to a number

of CCOP work programmes by providing valuable advice and guidance as well as the
implementation of bilateral technical assistance to CCOP Member Countries. Thanks are due
to all the Cooperating Countries and Organizations for their provision of representatives to
CCOP who have contributed in large measure to the review, assessment and formulation of
CCOP work programmes and for the contribution of technical information to the GRIDNET
Programme of CCOP.
Eight members of the Advisory Group comprising Dr. David Prior, Chairman CCOP
Advisory Group, Dr. Jos de Sonneville (the Netherlands), Mr. Ioannis Abatzis (Denmark),
Dr. David Greenbaum (UK), Mr. Erling Kvadsheim (Norway), Dr. Oystein Berg (PETRAD),
Dr. Anthony Reedman and Dr. Yoshihiko Shimazaki (Honorary Advisors) met in the CCOP
T/S on 4-7 February 2004 for a CCOP Brainstorming Session. The objective of the
brainstorming session was to find answer to how should CCOP built on existing strength,
and evolve its activities to take advantage of new contexts and opportunities. Specific
recommendations for strategies and actions that will capitalize CCOPs innate strengths and
assets, to ensure that it continue to serve regional geoscience needs, in a rapidly changing
international funding environment.
The recommendations of the brainstorming were submitted to the Steering Committee
Meeting in March 2004 for deliberations. The Steering Committee Meeting decided that
exchange of ideas on this important subject should continue. The CCOP T/S will prepare a
synthesis and summary report of these inputs. The Steering Committee Meeting had also
decided that one more meeting of the Steering Committee and another between the Steering
Committee and the Advisory Group should be held during the forthcoming CCOP Annual
Session in November 2004 in Tsukuba, Japan to further discuss the matter.
China through Professor Dr. Zhang Hongtao, Permanent Representative of China to
CCOP, Deputy Director-General of China Geological Survey had kindly presented the CCOP
54
report to the 60th ESCAP Commission Session held in April 2004 in Shanghai. Japan had
also assisted in publicizing CCOP Organization in the exhibition during the International
Geological Congress in Florence, Italy in August 2004.
During the Directors missions to Cooperating Countries and Organizations, the
Representatives and their staff have made excellent arrangements and prepared purposeful
programmes for his visit. They have also accorded the warmest hospitality, cooperation and
assistance that have facilitated the successful completion of the missions.
IV.
TECHNICAL ACTIVITIES
A number of working group meetings, expert visits, training courses, workshops and
seminars were conducted during the reporting period. The Technical Secretariat has met most
of its planned targets under the three sectors on Geo-resources, Geo-environment and Geoinformation (Table 6). A high level of activities was achieved and during the reporting
period, twenty-four (24) seminars, technical meetings/workshops and trainings were held
and attended by 638 participants from the Member Countries. Aiming at technology transfer,
these activities were highly appreciated by the participants.
Table 6. Summary of CCOP Member Countries participation in technical activities
Sector
1 July 2003 31 Dec 2003
Geo-resources
Geo-environment
Geo-information
No. of activities
No. of participants
8
1
2
152
56
36
Sub-total
1 Jan 2004 30 June 2004
Geo-resources
Geo-environment
Geo-information
11
244
10 (*3)
1
2
348 (*170)
11
35
Sub-total
13
394
TOTAL
24
638
*CCOP-PETRAD Seminars
1. GEO-RESOURCES SECTOR
1-A. ENERGY PROGRAMME
Petroleum Policy and Management Project (PPM)
The 4-year Norwegian government-supported PPM Project started on July 2002.
Among the highlights of the activities of the project for the reporting period are the holding
of workshops for the case study countries, expert visits, planning/coordination meetings, and
the annual seminar. Mr. Gunnar Siland had successfully completed his two-year term as
Project Coordinator on 30 June 2004 and Mr. Simplicio Caluyong took over as Project
Coordinator starting from 1 July 2004. The PPM Project is in full implementation and during
the period, the following activities were carried out:
55
Workshops
The first workshop of the Kutei Basin case study held in Yogyakarta and Cepu,
Indonesia on 21-26 July 2003 was attended by 29 participants.
The second workshop of the Khmer Basin case study attended by 26 participants was
held in Sihanoukville, Cambodia on 25-29 August 2003.
The first workshop of the Western Depression of the Sichuan Basin case study was
held in Chengdu, China on 20-25 October 2003 attended by 23 participants.
The second workshop of the Sulu Sea Region case study conducted in Manila City on
22-27 January 2004 was attended by 34 participants.
The second workshop of the Kutei Basin case study conducted in Bandung on 8-13
March 2004 was attended by 33 participants.
The third workshop of the Khmer Basin case study was held from 29 March to 3
April 2004 in the Angkor Hotel, Seam Reap and attended by 30 participants.
The second workshop of the Western Depression of the Sichuan Basin case study,
attended by 25 participants was held on 22-27 May 2004 in XinLiand Hotel,
Chengdu, Sichuan Province.
Training Courses
IT-training to 3 Cambodian National Petroleum Authority (CNPA) staff on July 3-4,

2003 on PC hardware and software maintenance, and includes virus control,
managing email and web-programs
Petroleum Geology and Data Interpretation to 7 CNPA personnel on 13-15 August

2003 a basic course on evaluation and analysis of petroleum data in order to
efficiently assess the petroleum resources of Cambodia.
GeoCAD software training - a volumetrics, mapping and digitizing software to 4

CNPA personnel on 21-23 August 2003.
Training on petroleum resource assessment using the GeoX software for Cambodia
and PNG technical staff, and GeoCAD and rat digitizer usage for Cambodia technical
staff on 28-30 January 2004 at the Oil and Gas Division office, DOE, Manila,
Philippines.
Expert Visits
Mr. Cyrus Esphahanian, an American petroleum engineer visited SINOPEC in

Chengdu on 15-19 March 2004 and conducted lecture and field discussions with
Chinese experts on fractured tight sand reservoirs development and production.
Mr. Ben Law, an expert in basin-centered gas and coal bed methane systems visited
SINOPEC in Chengdu on 19-23 April 2004 and had field discussions on the
geological features of the Sichuan basin. He also conducted lecture on the basincentered gas system for SINOPEC staff.

56
PPM Seminar
The 2nd PPM Project Seminar was held on 22-25 September 2003, in Pattaya,
Thailand. The seminar was attended by 26 participants and covered presentations from the
four case studies. The participants also had the opportunity to exchange experience and
knowledge gained, and solve common problems.
Planning Meetings
The PPM Project Coordinator and the Regional Project Coordinator also attended
several planning meetings including the National Project Coordination Committee meetings
in the case study countries.
CCOP-NPD-NORAD Annual Review Meeting
The CCOP-NPD and CCOP-NORAD PPM Annual Meetings for 2004 were held in
Stavanger (22 April) and Oslo (23 April), Norway respectively. The meeting with NPD
focused on the institution support provided by NPD to the project. Other opportunities for
cooperation were also discussed. The progress of the Project was reviewed at the meeting
with NORAD. The Projects budget and workplan for 2004 were presented and approved by
NORAD at the meeting.
PPM Mid-Term Review
In coordination with NORAD, the PPM Mid-term Review preparations were
completed on June 2004 with the final selection of the review team comprising of Mr. Ole F.
Ekern of Econ Analysis AS, Norway and Mr. Leong Khee Meng of the Universiti Teknologi
PETRONAS, Malaysia. The review is in accordance with the CCOP-NORAD Agreement on
the PPM Project.
Details of the project can be accessed at the projects homepage at
http://www.ccop.or.th/projects/PPM.html.
CCOP/ASCOPE/PETRAD Programmes
With the technical and financial support of Norway, CCOP/ASCOPE/PETRAD
cooperation to undertake activities at the request of CCOP Member Countries remained
active and successful. Continued efforts are being exerted and PETRAD had been
particularly resourceful in soliciting support for the seminars requested by the Member
Countries. The CCOP T/S and PETRAD are now compiling a list of topics provided by the
Member Countries, which will serve as the basis to request for funding support from the
government of Norway.
During the reporting period, three seminars were held with a total of 170 participants.
12-15 January 2004, Seminar on Reservoir Management and Technology, Kunming,

China with 53 participants
16-17 February 2004, Seminar on Gas Infrastructure Governance Process in Doson,

Vietnam with 26 participants.
8-12 March 2004, Seminar on Operations and Maintenance in Tianjin, China with 91
participants.

57
1-B. MINERALS PROGRAMME

1) CCOP-USGS Global Mineral Resource Assessment Project
The CCOP-USGS Global Mineral Resource Assessment Project (GMRAP) is part of
the 5-year initiative to assess the identified and undiscovered non-fuel mineral resource of
the world. A series of workshops and seminars are planned for the CCOP Member Countries
between 2003 and 2007. For the reporting period the following activities were undertaken:
2nd Workshop on Quantitative Mineral Resource Assessment of Southeast Asia:

Porphyry and Sediment-hosted Cu deposits 17-20 February 2004, Bangkok,
Thailand attended by 16 participants from Cambodia, China, Indonesia, Japan,
Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand and Vietnam with the USGS experts and staff of
CCOP T/S. Permissive tracts were drawn on porphyry Cu and sediment-hosted Cu
deposits and initial attempts to assess the resource were made during the workshop.
Dissemination of the report of the 2nd Workshop for the CCOP-USGS Mineral
Resource Assessment of Copper Deposits in CD-ROM to all the National
Coordinators incorporating the proceedings and the results of the Workshop.
Preparations for the 3rd Workshop to be held in February 2005 in Kunming, China are
underway. Descriptive models for the assessment of other commodities, potash, PGE's, nickel
laterite, and Sn-W deposits are being assembled. Permissive tracts for copper are being reexamined by the National Coordinators to finalize their data and concepts for the assessment
process.
2) Project on Digital Compilation of Geoscientific Maps (DCGM) Phase IV
The DCGM Phase IV Project is being supported by the Japanese Government through
the Japan-ESCAP Cooperation Fund and the Geological Survey of Japan/National Institute of
Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (GSJ/AIST). Project Coordination of DCGM
IV is now by Dr. Yasukuni Okubo at GSJ/AIST in Japan and the CCOP T/S. The
groundwater database compilation is being developed and is planned to have a link to each of
the Member Countrys database upon the confirmation of the Member Countries. The webbased groundwater database is now available on-line, with protected password and uploading
of data is underway (http://www.groundwater.jp/ccop/index.html). The geothermal database
includes an inventory of geothermal resources available in CCOP Member Countries and will
be drawn in geologic maps compiled in earlier phases of the project using GIS. Several
workshops on groundwater and on geothermal database were held:
The 5th Workshop of the DCGM IV Project - Current Status and Future of
Geoinformation Network was held in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia on 7-8 October 2003.
The workshop was attended by 34 participants from the Member Countries. Experts
from the British Geological Survey also participated. The workshop included
presentations by Member Countries, discussion on the progress of the project on
geothermal and groundwater databases and future plans for the development of the
databases. Presentations were also given on the CCOP Metadata programme, the new
proposals on groundwater and the development of the Asian geoinformation network.
The 6th and final Workshop of DCGM IV Project: Geothermal and Groundwater
Database was held in Geological Survey of Japan/AIST, Tsukuba, Japan on 23-27
February 2004. The Workshop was attended by 35 participants from the CCOP
Member Countries. The prototype of the Asian Geothermal Database was presented.
The borehole database compiled by NEDO, Japan comprising temperature, location

58
and depth of boreholes data was used in the development of Asian Geothermal
Database. Prototype of Japan database compiled on ArcView GIS and ArcReader
format was also demonstrated. The discussion also focused on the format of the
database. Participants from Member Countries also made presentations on their
current status of geothermal database. The format for the final products of the project
was presented by Dr. Y. Okubo.
For the groundwater database, the participants discussed the final products of the
project. In addition to the web-based groundwater database, a CD-Rom for the project will
be produced. The workshop participants also deliberated in great depth on activities that
should be included in the next groundwater project proposal supported by GSJ/AIST, Japan.
CCOP, under the DCGM-IV Project supported by the Japanese Government through
the JECF fund, has provided computers and GIS software to the Member Countries, upon the
requests of the DCGM-IV National Compilers in the course of implementing the Project.
These computer hardware and software shall also be used in implementing future CCOPJapan and other CCOP Projects.
Final publication of the products of DCGM IV Project is being prepared.
1-C. GROUNDWATER PROGRAMME
1) CCOP-AIST/GSJ Project on Groundwater Assessment along Great River
Basins in East and Southeast Asia
The CCOP-AIST/GSJ Project on Groundwater Assessment along Great River Basins
in East and Southeast Asia is a 3-year activity which commenced in April 2004 with the
support of the Geological Survey of Japan/AIST. This Project aims to make a volumetric
evaluation of groundwater resources by a water balance simulation, and to make a
groundwater assessment plan along the great river basin in each country and/or area
according to the field situation. It is also the objective of this project to extend the database
of the CCOP DCGM Phase IV Project by making a qualitative groundwater assessment.
Preparations for the implementation of the project are being undertaken. A discussion
on this project shall be made during the Thematic Session of the 41st Annual Session in
Japan. The Projects kick-off meeting is planned to be held in early 2005.
2. GEO-ENVIRONMENT SECTOR
2-A. GEOHAZARDS PROGRAMME
1) Development of Techniques on Landslide Hazards Assessment Project
With the support of the Government of Korea through the Ministry of Science and
Technology, CCOP and KIGAM initiated a 3-year project in 2002 entitled Development of
techniques on landslide hazards assessment. The project aims to develop the techniques for
the assessment of landslide hazards in the CCOP Member Countries with respect to
application study of geographic information system (GIS) and remote sensing.
During the period, the 2nd Workshop on development of techniques on landslide
hazards assessment using GIS and remote sensing was organized by CCOP and KIGAM on
20-23 April 2004 in Daejeon, Republic of Korea with 11 participants. Landslide hazards
analysis, mapping and verification have already been done for Penang, Malaysia and
59
Pechabun, Thailand using landslide-occurrence factors by both the probability-frequency

ratio and logistic regression model methods. Using the probability-frequency ratio method
only, analysis has also been done for Lai Chau area of Vietnam.
The Project Coordinator, Dr. Saro Lee of KIGAM, made expert visits to some CCOP
Member Countries to conduct training on landslide hazards analysis using GIS acoording to
their requirements. The third phase of the project 1 August 2004 31 July 2005 has started
with planning for the 3rd Workshop as well as the expert visits to Member Countries.
2) RIMSIM and Seminar on Disaster Risk Management
CCOP in cooperation with the Circum Pacific Council (CPC) and Asian Disaster
Preparedness Center (ADPC) organized the RimSim simulation exercise and the Seminar on
Disaster Risk Management on 19-20 November 2003 at Thamassart University, Thailand.
RimSim is a conflict negotiation simulation exercise that reflects realistic conditions
and events. Given a specific scenario, RimSim players are encouraged to explore the
problem of dealing with critical and complex issues with others from diverse professional
background that might have competing interests, the need to collaborate in disaster recovery
and to develop a process for natural disaster mitigation and risk reduction.
A total of 56 participants was divided into five groups each, with a facilitator and
recorder. The participants of this exercise came from various countries: Azerbaijan,
Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, China, El Salvador, Fiji, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia,
Korea, Malaysia, Nepal, Nigeria, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Sri Lanka,
Thailand, USA, and Vietnam. Prior to the conduct of the exercise, a two-day facilitators
training was conducted for nine local facilitators from ADPC, CCOP T/S and DMR by
resource persons from USA: Drs. David Howell, Bob Barret and Susan Carpenter.
The RimSim exercise was followed by a one-day seminar on Disaster Risk
Management. The participants listened to presentations by ADPC resource persons regarding
the different issues of disaster risk management covering the pre-disaster, during disaster and
post disaster activities and responses.
3) Field Workshop for Volcanic Hazards Mitigation
The CCOP-AIST/GSJ Project on Field Workshop for Volcanic Hazards Mitigation is
a 4-year project which commenced in April 2004 with the support of the Geological Survey
of Japan/AIST. This Project aims to conduct a comparative study of the volcanic hazards
faced by CCOP Member Countries, the predictive methods for future eruption in middle term
based on the eruptive history, hazards mapping from a volcanic eruption case study and
scenario analysis on the eruptive sequence (activity duration, the climax of activity, eruption
rate, eruption sites, and eruption style). This could be achieved by conducting case studies
field visits, workshops and research. Special field excursions and training will be arranged
for young volcanologists from the concerned Member Countries. Scientific papers from the
study will be published.
A field excursion and workshop is planned to be conducted in the later part of the
year 2004.

60
2-B. COASTAL ZONE PROGRAMME

1) CCOP-AIST/GSJ Project on Integrated Geological Assessment of Deltas in
Southeast Asia (DelSEA Project)
The CCOP-AIST/GSJ Project on Integrated Geological Assessment of Deltas in
Southeast Asia (DelSEA Project) is a 4-year project which commenced in April 2004 with
the support of the Geological Survey of Japan/AIST. The purpose of the project is to
conduct cooperative geoscientific study/research of the major deltaic areas of East and
Southeast Asia by Member Countries of CCOP as a part of the IGCP 475 DeltaMAP
project, and to promote the sharing and dissemination of the study/research results in annual
meetings of IGCP 475, the proceedings of which will be published in an international
journal. The IGCP 475 Annual Meetings are hosted by the participating countries in the
region and the next meeting in 9-16 January 2005 is planned to be held in Ho Chi Minh City,
Vietnam.
CCOP will be holding a separate meeting of CCOP Member Countries participants
with the Projects resource persons and experts during the IGCP 475 DeltaMap Scientific
Meeting to discuss the strategies and the programme for the implementation of the DelSEA
project. Training courses are also planned under this project.
2-C. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY PROGRAMME
1) Research on the Coastal Environment Management Strategy of the Asian
Delta Region (Phase I)
The CCOP-AIST/GSJ Research Project on Coastal Environment Management
Strategy of the Asian Delta Region (Phase I) is a 3-year project which was started in April
2004, and is being supported by the Geological Survey of Japan/AIST in close cooperation
with Tokyo University. This project aims to describe quantitatively the problems on
seashore erosion and eco-system loss and to make the proper management strategy of coastal
environment. A field study of the Chao Phraya Delta is planned at the end of 2004.
3. GEO-INFORMATION SECTOR
1) SANGIS Programme
CCOP-CIFEG-ESCAP-UNESCO SANGIS Training: Bibliographic Phase
During the 1st Quarter of 2004, a CIFEG expert made technical visits to CCOP
Member Countries Cambodia and Thailand and the implementation and use of the
SANGIS Application was discussed.
On 26-30 April 2004, SANGIS Bibliographic Training was conducted by a CIFEG
expert in Thailand at the Training Room of the Mineral Resources Information Center of the
Department of Mineral Resources (DMR), Thailand. A total of five participated in the
training; three from DMR and two from CCOP T/S.
CCOP-CIFEG- UNESCO Workshop on Asian Multilingual Thesaurus
The Asian Multilingual Thesaurus is a tool for information retrieval across language
barriers. This facilitates multilingual research and information exchange. CCOP Member
Countries participating in this initiative include Cambodia, China, Indonesia, Japan, Korea,
Malaysia, Thailand and Vietnam. Lao PDR was also invited to participate. The Thesaurus
61
shall be integrated in the SANGIS Bibliographic Database, enabling each country to work on
its own language. A separate electronic thesaurus is also another product under this phase.
After planning and consultation for the Asian Multilingual Thesaurus Programme by
CIFEG and the CCOP T/S, the first Workshop of the SANGIS Asian Multilingual Thesaurus
on Geosciences was held in Bangkok Thailand on 26-27 August 2003. The workshop was
attended by nine participants from Cambodia, China, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Malaysia,
Thailand, Vietnam, and Lao PDR.
Later this year, CIFEG experts will be visiting Cambodia, Lao and Thailand for
discussions on SANGIS programme and the planned extension of the Asian Multilingual
Thesaurus to Euro-Asian Thesaurus.
2) BGS KaR Metadata Dissemination Seminar
CCOP in cooperation with the British Geological Survey organized the Knowledge
and Research (KaR) Metadata Project Dissemination Seminar from 9-10 October 2003 in
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The seminar was attended by 27 participants from the Member
Countries. The participants were familiarized with the Metadata Toolkit developed by the
British Geological Survey, which can be customized for use by geoscience organizations. The
experts from the British Geological Survey, Drs. John Laxton, Keith Holmes and Emma Bee,
served as resource persons of the seminar.
3) BGR-DMR-CCOP Goal-Oriented Project Planning Training Course (GOPP)
Goal-Oriented Project Planning (GOPP) is an innovative tool for project management
in which interactive workshops involving all stakeholders in a project together with an
external moderator are held at different points in the project lifecycle. Many major
international development agencies require a project to be planned by using this or other
similar methods. Knowledge of these methods enables project planning documents to be
prepared in accordance with the requirements of funding agencies.
CCOP-BGR-DMR Training Course on Goal Oriented Project Planning (GOPP)
31 May 4 June 2004, Bangkok, Thailand
The Training Course on Goal Oriented Project Planning (GOPP) was held in
Bangkok, Thailand from 31 May to 4 June 2004. This training course was supported by the
German Government through Bundesanstalt fr Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe (BGR).
There were 30 participants from CCOP Member Countries and CCOP T/S Staff.
The training programme was targeted at senior level officials who are holding
responsible project planning and implementation positions.
Through this training, the participants have acquired the appropriate skills and
knowledge in the various areas of the project planning for their organization or government.
The trainee is also expected to be able to share the skills that he/she has acquired with other
personnel in their organization to establish a team that will be involved in future project
planning activities.
The training course included lectures on the GOPP method and applying the method
and the planning steps in a case study. Mr. Sombat Jengsuebsant, a regional GOPP expert
was the training course facilitator.
62
GRIDNET Programme
The GRIDNET Programme (Geoscience Report and Information Dissemination
Network) programme aims to ensure that information, reports and other products from
Cooperating Country and Organizations bilateral and other aid-funded research projects
relevant to the CCOP region were made available to organizations in CCOP Member
Countries. The titles available in GRIDNET can be seen in the CCOP Homepage.
CCOP-AIST/GSJ Project on Geoscience Asian Information Network (GAIN)
The CCOP-AIST/GSJ Project on Geoscience Asian Information Network (GAIN) is a
3-year project which was started in April 2004, and is being supported by the Geological
Survey of Japan/AIST. This project aims to establish a clearinghouse of geoscience
information of East and Southeast Asia where customers worldwide can get the necessary
information on the availability of geoscientific information particularly of CCOP Member
Countries. Data and information will reside in the respective Member Countries. This will
also make use of what has been accomplished in the CCOP Metadata Project, as a starting
point to further contribute to the promotion, dissemination and use of geoscientific
information.
Training on the use of clearinghouse software is planned to be held in the later part of
the year 2004.
4. FELLOWSHIPS AND GRANTS
1) CCOP Texas A & M University Fellowship Programme
The CCOP Texas A & M University (TAMU) Fellowship is a cooperative programme
between CCOP and the Texas A&M University in the USA. Under this programme TAMU
will provide graduate education fellowships to outstanding government and industry
personnel from the CCOP Member Countries. In addition to the educational aspects, the
project hopes to develop joint research projects between TAMU faculty and scientists and
agencies in the CCOP Member Countries.
The first recipient of the award is Ms. Corazon Sta. Ana from the Department of
Energy of the Philippines. She has registered for the fall semester and has started her Master
of Science Degree in Petroleum Geology in August 2004 at Texas A&M University.
2) East Asia Geoscience and Environmental Research (EAGER) Project
The EAGER Project is a trust fund set up in the Geological Society of America with
personal contribution of Dr Maurice Ric Terman, CCOP Honorary Advisor, to be used for
funding research in geoscience in the region. Under the programme, a grant will be made
available for researches in Geoscience and Environment in East and Southeast Asia to
candidates from the Member Country hosting the CCOP Annual Session.
For 2003, the recipient of the award was Ms. Marilah Sarman, a PhD student at the
Institute of the Environment and Development, LESTARI, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
for her research work entitled Geological Heritage Resources Database for Conservation
and Sustainable Use: the Case of Langkawi Islands. Dr. Ric Terman awarded the grant to
Ms. Sarman during the 42nd Steering Committee meeting held on 13 October 2003 in Kuala
Lumpur, Malaysia. Researchers in Japan, host for the 41st CCOP Annual Session will have
the opportunity to vie for the grant for 2004.
63
V.
PUBLICATION AND DOCUMENTATION
Sixteen newsletters, proceedings and reports were published during the reporting
period. The Proceedings of the major project on Petroleum Policy and Management
workshops and seminars are also published in the PPM Website.
General Publication
CCOP Newsletter Vol. 28 No. 1&2 (January-June 2003)
The Newsletter presents highlights of activities for the period January-June 2003.
CCOP Newsletter Vol. 28 No. 3&4 (July-December 2003)
The Newsletter presents highlights of activities for the period July-December 2003.
CCOP Annual Report for year 2003
The CCOP Annual Report presents a summary of all the activities of CCOP for the
year 2003.
CCOP Annual Session Proceedings
Proceedings of the 39th CCOP Annual Session Part II
Thematic Session on "Policy and Geoscientific Issues for the Sustainable
Development of Geo-Resources; Energy, Minerals and Groundwater" 22-25 October 2002,
Yogyakarta, Indonesia (in CD-ROM).
Proceedings of the 40th CCOP Annual Session Part I
Proceedings of the 40th CCOP Annual Session Part 1, documentation of the 40th
CCOP Annual Session Meeting, 6-14 October 2003, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia (in CD-ROM).
CCOP Steering Committee Meeting Reports
Report of the 42nd CCOP Steering Committee Meeting
A report on the minutes of the Steering Committee Meeting held in Kuala Lumpur,
Malaysia on 13-14 October 2003 (in CD-ROM).
Report of the 43rd CCOP Steering Committee Meeting
A report of the Steering Committee Meeting held in Phuket, Thailand on 17-19 March
2004 (in CD-ROM).
Technical Activities Reports/Proceedings
PPM Project
Report of the 2nd Philippines Case Study Workshop of Petroleum Policy and
Management (PPM)
A documentation of the 2nd Philippines Case Study Workshop of Petroleum Policy
and Management (PPM) in Manila, Philippines on 22-29 January 2004 (in CD-ROM).
Report of the 3rd Cambodian Case Study Workshop on Petroleum Policy and
Management (PPM)
A documentation of the 3rd Cambodian Case Study Workshop of Petroleum Policy
and Management (PPM) in Siem Reap, Cambodia on 29 March - 3 April 2004 (in CD-ROM).
64
PETRAD Seminars
Report on Petrad Seminar on Life Cycle Managament of Gas/Oil Fields
A documentation of the Petrad Seminar on Life Cycle Management of Gas/Oil Fields
held in Miri, Sarawak, Malaysia on 5-6 March 2003 (in CD-ROM).
Report on Petrad Seminar on Gas Conservation Efforts Towards Zero Flaring
Target
A documentation of the Petrad Seminar on Gas Conservation Efforts Towards Zero
Flaring Target held in Langkawi, Malaysia on 25-27 June 2003 (in CD-ROM).
Report of the CCOP-PETRAD-MLR-CGS-CNOOC Seminar on Reservoir
Management and Technology
A documentation of the CCOP-PETRAD-MLR-CGS-CNOOC Seminar on Reservoir
Management and Technology in Kunming, Peoples Republic of China on 12-15 January
2004 (in CD-ROM).
Report of the ASCOPE-CCOP-PETRAD-PETROVIETNAM Workshop on Gas
Infrastructure Governance Process
A documentation of the ASCOPE-CCOP-PETRAD-PETROVIETNAM Workshop on
Gas Infrastructure Governance Process in Do Son, Vietnam on 16-17 February 2004 (in CDROM).
Report of the CCOP-PETRAD-MLR-CGS-CNOOC Seminar on Operations and
Maintenance Management
A documentation of the CCOP-PETRAD-MLR-CGS-CNOOC Seminar on
Operations and Maintenance Management in Tianjin, Peoples Republic of China on 8-12
March 2004 (in CD-ROM).
GMRAP
Report of the 1st Workshop on CCOP-USGS Global Mineral Resource Assessment
Project
This is a documentation of the 1st Seminar of CCOP-USGS Global Mineral Resource
Assessment Project held on 10-13 February 2003, in Bangkok Thailand (in CD-ROM).
DCGM-IV Project
Proceedings of the 5th Workshop of DCGM Phase IV Project: Current Status and
Future for Geoinformation Network
This is a documentation of the 5th Workshop of DCGM Phase IV Project on Current
Status and Future for Geoinformation Network held on 7-8 October 2003 in Kuala Lumpur,
Malaysia.
Sales of Publications
Proceeds from the publication sales during the reporting period amounted to
USD 2,044.03 in 2003 and USD 1,343.39 in January to June 2004.

65
VI. CCOP DIRECTORS MISSIONS TO MEMBER COUNTRIES, COOPERATING

COUNTRIES AND ORGANIZATIONS
The Director made a mission to China and Japan upon the invitation of our colleagues
of these two countries, and attended the Circum Pacific Council Meeting.
In conjunction with the mission to China, 27-29 July 2004, the Director also attended
the opening ceremony and the morning session of the CCOP-PETRAD-CNOOC-MLR
seminar on Health, Safety and Environment held in Tanggu, Tianjin. He held discussions
with Prof Dr Zhang Hongtao, Permanent Representative of China to CCOP, Deputy Director
General of China Geological Survey on cooperation in the on-going and future CCOP
activities. He was also invited to view some of the possible venues for 2005 Annual Session
which China is offering to host.
In the visit to the Geological Survey of Japan/AIST, it coincided with the eve of
change over to the new organization structure on 2 August 2004 under the Geological Survey
of Japan (GSJ). The Director met with Dr. E. Tsukuda, Director General of GSJ and other
Directors and Deputy Directors of the Institutes and researchers responsible for the GSJCCOP cooperation. Details regarding the implementation of 5 GSJ/AIST supported CCOP
activities for the year 2004-5 and the preparations for the 41st Annual Session, Exhibition,
Poster Session and the 44th Steering Committee Meetings were discussed.
The Director also attended the Circum Pacific Council for Energy and Mineral
Resources (CPC) Meeting held in Honolulu from 26 to 28 April 2004. Some members of the
CCOP Advisory Group were also present, Dr David Prior, Chairman of the CCOP Advisory
Group, Honorary Advisors Dr Y Shimazaki and Dr Maurice Terman.
In the course of the meeting, a signing ceremony for MoU on CCOP-CPC-ADPC
cooperation was held with Dr. Nahum Schneidermann, CPC Chairman. This cooperation
focuses on the development of a mutually beneficial partnership aimed at working together to
strengthen regional cooperation and disaster management capabilities. A discussion on the
EAGER award for researchers of Japan, host of 2004 Annual Session was held with Dr. T.
Ishihara, Dr. Y. Shimazaki and Dr. M. Terman.
The Director, on behalf of CCOP, would like to thank the Permanent Representatives
of the Member Countries, and Representatives of Cooperating Countries and Organizations
and their staff for the excellent arrangement and the fine programme made for the visits. They
have accorded the warmest of hospitality, close cooperation and assistance that had facilitated
greatly the successful completion of the mission. The missions to Japan and CPC were kindly
supported by GSJ/AIST and CPC respectively. Their generosity and assistance to CCOP is
deeply appreciated.

66
VII.
MISSIONS, MEETINGS, SEMINARS AND VISITORS
JULY 2003
14-17 The PPM Regional Project Coordinator, Sim Caluyong, attended the PetroMin
Deepwater Technology Conference held in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia organized by
PetroMin.
14-18 The Director and the Regional Expert participated in the Inter-University Short
Executive Programme on Natural Resource Conflicts and Environmental Security
held in Mahidol University, Thailand organized by the University of Peace.
28-30 The PPM Project Coordinator, Gunnar Siland presented a paper for the
International Conference on Mineral and Energy Resource Management held in
Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
AUGUST 2003
6-13 Dr. Okubo of GSJ-AIST and Prof. Shuichi Rukogawa of the University of Tokyo
visited the CCOP T/S and discussed cooperation on Coastal Environment
Management in the Chao Phraya Delta and future initiatives.
23
Dr. David , Regional Expert, attended the Asean Council of Petroleum (ASCOPE)
Annual Meeting held in Jakarta, Indonesia and presented CCOP activities on the
Energy Programmes and discussed possible collaborative initiatives
SEPTEMBER 2003
1-4
The Director and the Regional Expert attended the 59th Commission Session of the
United Nations ESCAP and presented the activities of CCOP to the meeting.
15-17 The PPM Project Coordinator and the Regional Project Coordinator attended the
SEAPEX Exhibition and Conference held in Singapore
29
Ms Inger Anda and Mr Oyvind Midtum of the Norwegian Petroleum Dircetorate
visited the CCOP T/S and discussed current cooperation and activites of NPD and
CCOP.
NOVEMBER 2003
5
Mr. Ioannis Abatzis visited the CCOP T/S and discussed current and new intitiatives
of CCOP.
14
Dr. Wolfgang Schirrmacher of BGR discussed the training course on Goal Oriented
Project Planning (GOPP) to be supported by the German Government
14
The IT Manager, Ms. Marivic and Assistant, Mr. Piyawatchara, attended the
Workshop on Innovative Data Protection Veritas in Bangkok.
15
Dr. David Howell of the Circum Pacific Council visited the CCOP T/S and discussed
the implementation of the RimSim and new cooperative initiatives between CCOP
and CPC.
17-18 Mr. Chen, Dr. David and Ms. Marivic participated in the Facilitators Training for
the RimSim at Tammasart University
17-18 The IT Assistant attended the Canada-Thailand Workshop on Geomatics in
Bangkok.
19
The IT Assistant attended the Workshop on Oracle in Bangkok.
25
The IT Manager and Assistant attended the Workshop on Oracle Partner in Bangkok.
67
DECEMBER 2003
9-16 Dr. Okubo of GSJ/AIST and Prof. Shuichi Rukogawa of the University of Tokyo
visited the CCOP T/S and discussed cooperation on Coastal Environment
Management in the Chao Phraya Delta study and future initiatives.
11
Dr. Okubo, Prof. Rukogawa, Dr. Surapol Krishnara of DMCR, Mr Sin Sinsakul and
Dr Sato discussed the Japan-Thailand joint Coastal Environment Management in the
Chao Phraya Delta with the CCOP T/S.
15-17 The Director and the Regional Expert attended the Workshop on Development of
Research Proposal for Long-term Monitoring of Water Quality in the Mekong River
and its Biodiversity in Kasetsart University, Bangkok.
17
Dr. Oystein Berg, Managing Director of PETRAD visited the CCOP T/S to discuss
implementation of the bilateral seminars for the Member Countries as well as new
initiatives.
JANUARY 2004
9
Dr. Oystein Berg visited the CCOP T/S to discuss the implementation of the bilateral
seminars for the Member Countries as well as new initiatives.
9-13 Dr. Saro Lee from KIGAM visited the CCOP T/S to discuss the implementation of
the Development of Techniques for Landslide Hazards Assessment Project.
13
Mr. Francois Lyonnais from CIFEG visited the CCOP T/S to discuss the SANGIS
website.
15
Dr. Allan Clark, Director of the Pacific Disaster Center (PDC), East West Center
visited the CCOP T/S to discuss possibilities for cooperation between PDC and
CCOP.
15-20 Dr. David, Regional Expert, attended the Joint International Conferences, IGCP475,
and APN Project held in Bangkok, Thailand.
27-29 Dr. Yasukuni Okubo from GSJ/AIST visited the CCOP T/S to discuss the current
Japan supported activities.
FEBRUARY 2004
11
IT Manager attended the seminar on Veritas Solutions held in Bangkok, Thailand.
11
Assistant to Technical Division attended the seminar on Uncovering Hidden
Opportunities for office Business, Opportunity to Reduce Costs, Increase Productivity
and Improve Work Efficiency by Fuji Xerox held in Bangkok, Thailand.
11
CCOP T/S Secretary attended the seminar on How to Manage Output Device Most
Effectively by Fuji Xerox held in Bangkok, Thailand.
12
Dr. Koji Wakita, Dr. Hiroyoshi Sano, Dr. Toshie Igawa from GSJ/AIST visited the
CCOP T/S to discuss the development of the geoscience programmes in East and
Southeast Asia and the key organizations in developing regional programmes and
initiatives for the CCOP region.
13
Representatives from East Timor and DMF visited the CCOP T/S to familiarize with
the organization and activities of CCOP.
18
The Director and the Regional Expert attended the Joint EU-South East Asia
Cooperation Meeting held in Bangkok, Thailand.

68
18
18
19
Mr. Einar Bandlien, from the BRIDGE Group, Norway visited the CCOP T/S to
discuss the possibility of conducting a Training Needs Analysis for some Member
Countries.
Mr. Philippe Schmidt Thome, from GTK, Finland visited the CCOP T/S to discuss the
proposed joint project on Natural Hazards and Risk Maps for Coastal areas in SE
Asia, to be funded by EU.
Mr. Sombat Jengsuebsant visited the CCOP T/S to discuss the details on the proposed
BGR supported GOPP training course.
MARCH 2004
10
Assistant to Finance and Administration attended the seminar on Planning and
Solution Technique on Tax Income held in Bangkok, Thailand.
APRIL 2004
2, 4 Mr. Steve Banks, from APDC visited the CCOP T/S to discuss the CCOP-CPCADPC MoU.
12
Dr. Rene Eppi and Dr. Jim Murray from NOAA visited the CCOP T/S to discuss the
implementation of the Sea Grant Model Programmes in CCOP Member Countries.
MAY 2004
15
Dr. Young-Soo Park, Regional Expert of CCOP T/S attended the Joint Committee
Meeting of the 58th ASCOPE National Committee Meeting held in Singapore and
made a presentation on CCOP activities.
18
Mr. Byoung-Woo Yum, from KIGAM visited the CCOP T/S to discuss CCOP
Member Countries participation in the international groundwater seminar to be held
in Korea, September 2004.
JUNE 2004
9
Mr. Lai Hock Nam, Mr. Angel M. Jeery representing Caris, visited the CCOP T/S to
introduce the software Caris Lots which can be used in the delineation of the outer
limits of the continental shelf.
15-16 Dr. Yasukuni Okubo and Ms. N. Muto, from GSJ/AIST visited the CCOP T/S to
discuss the preparations for the 41st CCOP Annual Session and the 44th CCOP
Steering Committee Meeting.
22
Mr. Ole F. Ekern, the consultant from Norway and Mr. Leong Khee Meng from
Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Malaysia visited the CCOP T/S to conduct the
PPM Midterm Review.
24
IT Manager and IT Assistant attended the Government IT Forum 2004 held in
Bangkok, Thailand.

69
ANNEX V

15-18 November 2004
Tsukuba, Japan
MEMBER COUNTRIES REPORTS

71

15-18 November 2004
Tsukuba, Japan
Member Country Report

of
Cambodia
Submitted by
General Department of Mineral Resources
Ministry of Industry, Mines and Energy
Cambodia
(For Agenda Item 3)

73

24th Floor, Suite 244-245, Thai CC Tower, 889 Sathorn Tai Road, Sathorn, Bangkok 10120, Thailand
Tel: (66) 02 672 3080, Fax: (66) 02 672 3082, E-mail: ccopts@ccop.or.th, Website: www.ccop.or.th
MEMBER COUNTRY REPORT

Country:
CAMBODIA
Period:
1 July 2003 30 June 2004
GEO-RESOURCES SECTOR
1. MINERAL PROGRAMME
1.1 Summary
To respond to the need of geological documents for sustainable and risk-free social
and economic development planning, the General Department of Mineral Resources (GDMR)
has been carrying out the update of the existing geological maps. A project to compile
geological maps at a scale of 1:100,000 was adopted in the long term work plan of the
Department of Geology.
1.2 Annual Review of Technical Programmes/Activities
The main purposes of the project for the compilation of geological maps at a scale of
1:100,000 are to:
First, update the geological data/information that are important for regional
development planning; and
Second, improve national capacity in cartography and field experience.
The project has been carried out as a pilot project in an area to the North of Phnom Penh.
The work was based on aerial photo and satellite imagery interpretation with supplementary
field work. New geological bodies were recorded on the map to clarify the tectonic structure of
the studied area. Quaternary deposits were also studied and classified in more detail than
previously
1.3 Proposed future activities and assistance required from CCOP in Support of
Future activities
With the encouraging results obtained from the last years work, a new geological
map sheet at a scale of 1:100,000 to the West of Phnom Penh is planned to be compiled early
next year. Nevertheless the output of the last years work is still poor due to the limited
capacity of the map-makers. We would appreciate the assistance of CCOP and Member
Countries in providing such training in cartography to our geologists to improve the quality
of their work.

74
2. ENERGY PROGRAMME
2.1 Summary
The Chevron Texaco-Moeco companies completed 3 D-seismic survey in block A in
the offshore Khmer basin last year, and at the end of this year the Chevron
Texaco/Moeco/LG-Caltex-Korea will drill 5 exploration wells in this block.
2.2 Annual Review of Technical Programs/Activities
Up to now, seven sedimentary basins in Cambodia show promise for Oil and Gas
deposits, of which one marginal sedimentary (Khmer basin), and two afford frontier onshore
exploration opportunities (Tonle Sap and Kampong Som basins).
Last year the Chevron Texaco-Moeco companies completed a 3 D-seismic survey in
block A of the Khmer basin. At the end of this year the Chevron Texaco/Moeco/LG-CaltexKorea will drill 5 exploration wells in this block.
The result of the play assessment indicated that the recoverable reserves of natural gas
in the Khmer basin could total approximately 3 Tcf, and the result from the basin assessment
or modeling showed that the natural gas potential could total at least 20 Tcf.
2.3 Proposed Future Activities and Assistance Required from CCOP in Support of
Future Activities
The Petroleum Exploration and Production Division of the Cambodian National
Petroleum Authority needs training seminars and other new project proposals as detailed
below:
Seminar:
On gas pipeline, terminal processing and Combine Cycle Gas Turbine (CCGT) and
economic capacity to be commercial; and
On production facilities-costs and facilities design.
Project proposals:
2D seismic survey in the Tonle Sap basin;

Geological survey in the Kampong Som basin;
Hydro-electricity: Geo-technical field investigation and technical feasibility study in
the Koh Kong area, Cambodia, for small and large scales projects.
2.4 Others
At present, we have been studying the resources assessment and will continue to conduct
the full-cycle economic analysis of plays or prospects of the Khmer basin as soon as possible.
We need human resources development and technical assistance from national and international
communities, from CCOP, NORWAY, DENMARK, and other countries/organizations to
provide training, as mentioned above, to our CNPA staff to be capable of managing energy
industry affairs in the future.

75
3. GROUNDWATER PROGRAMME
3.1 Summary
The study and compilation of a ground water resources map is one of the tasks being
undertaken by the Department of Geology.
The Department of Geology has been working on the compilation of a ground water
map. A reconnaissance ground water map compiled by the French based on rock properties has
been digitized, and a reconnaissance groundwater resources map based on existing data is being
compiled by the Department of Geology. New data, in particular those related to arsenic
contamination, are being collected from other concerned ministries and organizations for the
final compilation of a database of arsenic affected areas.
Two geologists of GDMR were invited to attend the two month training on Water
Well Drilling technology in Beijing. The training was financially supported by the
government of PR China.
Under the ASEAN Training programme on Minerals, training on ground water was
planned to be organized in the near future by the Department of Geosciences and Minerals of
Malaysia. Four trainees from each country, Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar and Vietnam, are
invited to participate in the training. We hope to obtain from such a training the knowledge
that will be of important significance for the compilation of ground water resources in
Cambodia.
3.3 Proposed future activities and assistance required from CCOP in Support of
Future activities
A proposal on the Study of Hydrogeological Conditions in the Phnom Penh Area was
re-submitted to CCOP's Secretariat for consideration and seeking donors to financially support
the project.
GEO-ENVIRONMENT SECTOR
4. THE COASTAL ZONE PROGRAMME
4.1 Summary
DGMR's projects for coastal zone management are all pending due to the lack of
funding sources, and activities relating to coastal zone management are limited to office work
and document compilation.
5. GEOHAZARDS PROGRAMME
5.1 Summary
Under the CCOP programme, Cambodia has been involved in the project on the study of
Landslide Hazards Analysis Using GIS and Remote Sensing which is led by Korea. Based on
76
the experience and knowledge obtained from the above programme, GDMR is now, of their
own, carrying out a Study on Landslide Prone Area along the National Road 48 Sre AmbelKoh Kong.
Following the decision of the Government in the Development of an Industrial Zone in
Western Cambodia, GDMR has adopted a programme to study the landslide prone area along
the National Road 48 that links the industrial zone to the main artery of the National Road No 4.
Interpretation of space photos and imageries is being carried out in the Department of Geology.
The field observation is planned to be done in April 2005.
The CCOPs programme of Landslide Study using GIS and Remote Sensing has a
significant importance in promoting Cambodian capacity in the study of natural hazards. The
First and Second Workshops, held in Korea, provided Cambodia new and efficient techniques
in the study of landslides and allow Cambodia to conduct such a study by themselves.
The programme on the study of landslides in West Cambodia cannot be realized
without the great contribution from Korea, which is the lead country of the CCOPs project
on landslide study. A visit of the experts from KIGAM to the Department of Geology and
the training provided to the staff of Department of Geology during their visit has proved very
useful and enabled the Cambonian counterparts capable of continuing to work on their own.
5.3
Proposed future activities and assistance required from CCOP in Support of

Future activities
Although Cambodia gained a lot of knowledge in the study of landslides through

CCOPs landslide project, Cambodias experience is still limited and there is a need for
further support from both CCOP and KIGAM in the training of personnel.
6. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY PROGRAMME
6.1
Summary
Gold mining in Cambodia is causing a lot of problems in these last few years. The
improper use of cyanide leaching and mercury in gold processing leads to the contamination of
soil, plant and both ground and surface water which constitutes a high risk to the life of gold
miners and of people living within the mining area. To assess the problems of environmental
impacts, studies have been conducted at four mining sites in eastern Cambodia. A follow up
programme to mitigate the impact is planned to be carried out at the end of this year.
In addition GDMR has two joint cooperation research projects that are being carried out
on "Geological and Sedimentological study of lowlands in Cambodia and on The Evaluation
of Mechanisms sustaining the Biodiversity in the lake Tonle Sap.
6.2
Annual Review of Technical Programmes/Activities
Case studies carried out in 4 gold mining areas in Eastern Cambodia to assess the
impacts from small-scale gold mining had been completed and the report of the assessment was
published and distributed a month ago.
77
Some fieldtrips to mining areas, especially to the most environmental sensitive areas,
have been carried out regularly in order to study the problem and the extent of the impacts.
A follow up programme entitled the Mitigation of Health Risks and Environmental
Impacts from Gold Mining is planned to start in early December 2004. The purpose of the
programme is to strengthen the national capacity of management of small scale gold mining and
to mitigate the current impacts on human health and the natural environment. An awareness
training programme on best practices in gold mining and processing for gold miners is planned
to be carried out early next year.
The programme on the mitigation of impacts from gold mining is strongly encouraged
by the Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources of Germany. A proposal on
Environmental Protection from Gold Mining in the Development of Regional Planning has
been submitted to the Embassy of the Germany for assistance.
Geological and Sedimentological study of lowlands in Cambodia
Under the joint-cooperation research work between the Marine Resources and
Environment Section (MRE), the Geological Survey of Japan, AIST, and the General
Department of Mineral Resources of Cambodia, a three-year research project "Geological and
sedimentological study of lowlands in Cambodia" is being carried out. The three year project is
aimed at understanding Quaternary stratigraphy and Palaeo-environments of lowlands in relation
with the development of the Mekong delta.
The programme is composed of two parts: sediment core analyses using newly drilled
core samples, and seismic survey in Lower Mekong River and channels. The first drilling
survey has been conducted with two well drilled in areas South of Phnom Penh city along the
Bassac and Mekong Rivers respectively.
The Evaluation of Mechanisms sustaining the Biodiversity in the lake Tonle Sap
This three-year joint-study project between Kanazawa University of Japan and the
Department of Geology is the follow up project on the study of the Lake environment. The
programme aims to evaluate the mechanisms sustaining the great biodiversity of the lake, their
zoological assemblages and the time-spatial changes of invertebrates, botanical assemblage and
their spatial distribution in both dry and wet seasons. The geological and geo-morphological
background of the Lake is also being investigated. The survey in the northern part of the Lake
was completed by May of this year. Accordingly the work schedule of the project further survey
in the southern parts of the Lake will be carried out in November 2004.
6.3
Proposed future activities and assistance required from CCOP in Support of

Future activities
For the immediate reduction and mitigation of further impact from gold mining
activities, the GDMR has prepared a follow-up programme entitled Mitigation of Health
Risks and Environmental Impacts from Gold Mining which is planned to start in early
December this year, followed by awareness training for miners on best practices in gold
mining and processing which is planned for early next year. However, GDMR has a limited
capacity to conduct the programme with full efficiency, thus training to improve the national
capacity in gold mining management is required. GDMR would highly appreciate the
assistance of CCOP in providing such training.

78
Based on the result of the first drilling in the Geological and Sedimentological study
of the lowlands of Cambodia, the next drilling survey is planned to be conducted early next
year further to the south, near the border with Vietnam, to study the Holocene formations and
delineate the paleo-shoreline.
A joint-cooperation research project between GDMR and Tokyo University of Japan
concerning the study of natural environmental change and the Holocene formations of lowlands
in Cambodia is also planned to start in December this year. The project is of three-year duration
and has the objective to clarify the environmental change of the lowlands of the Mekong River
drainage basin based on geological and geo-morphological survey and borehole data.
GEO-INFORMATION SECTOR
7. GEO-DATA AND INFORMATION MANAGEMENT PROGRAMME
7.1 Summary
Twenty-eight records of bibliographic data were entered into the SANGIS
bibliographic database. GDMR will establish a library in the Department of Mineral
Resources Development and the bibliographic database was recommended to be used to
manage all books in GDMRs library.
Bibliographic Database
There are 28 records entered into the SANGIS bibliographic database. Up to now
translation of SANGIS bibliographic application into Khmer was completed except for the
thesaurus. GDMR has planned to complete the translation of the thesaurus into Khmer
language by 2005 and at the request of CCOP, GDMR will try its best to complete it in
March 2005.
GDMR will establish a library in the Department of Mineral Resources Development
and the bibliographic database was recommended to be used to manage all books available in
GDMRs library.
Mineral Databases
The database structure format for metals, non-metals and coal was revised and
integrated as one mineral database by the Workshop on Standard Format for the
Development of ASEAN Mineral Database held on 17-19 December 2003 in Bandung,
Indonesia. This new mineral database was adopted by the Sixth ASEAN Senior Officials
Meeting on Minerals held in July 2004 in Vientiane, Laos PDR. The software application for
this mineral database will be developed by Indonesia.
7.3
Proposed Future Activities and Assistance Required from CCOP in Support of

Future activities
GDMR will record all books available in the GDMRs office by using the
bibliographic database application after its library is established. GDMRs web pages
developed last year will be updated, such as procedures for applying for registration and for
mineral licenses, model of mineral investment agreement, and new mining companies.
79

15-18 November 2004
Tsukuba, Japan

of
China
Submitted by
Delegation of China
(For Agenda Item 3)

81


Country:
CHINA
Period:
1 July 2003 30 June 2004
1.1. Summary
In order to meet the needs for national economic and societal sustainable
development, mineral exploration and assessment have been carried out in the southwest,
southeast and northwest parts of China, and significant progress has been made in respect of
copper, lead, zinc, tungsten, cobalt, gold, silver and potash resources.
1.2. Annual Review of Technical Programmes/Activities
In western China, breakthroughs in copper exploration have been made in the eastern
Tianshan area, in the Sanjiang area, in Tibet Brahmaputra metallogenic belts, and in the
southern Qinghai province. Two or more national copper exploration and exploitation bases
will be set up in these areas after more detailed exploration.
Exploration in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region has proved 240 million tons
of KCl resources, another important achievement of potash exploration in China after that in
the Qaidam Basin. This will relieve potash shortage in China.
The exploration of Chinas traditional dominant commodities such as tungsten is also
very successful and 400,000 tons of tungsten resources have been indicated.
Exploration progress has been made in the Nanling tin, lead, and zinc polymetallic
belt, and in the Bawaiyang-Nanping-Houping lead-zinc belt in central Fujian province,
eastern China.
The assessment of in-situ leachable sandstone-type uranium deposits has made
progress in northern China, especially in the Erlian basin.
In some poorly explored areas of the western China, such as the Yushu region, east
and west Kunlun Mountain, Aerjin Mountain, and southwest Tianshan, recent exploration
activities have delineated some promising tracts with potential for further exploration. These
discoveries have assured the mineral resources potential of western China is now widely
recognized.
In central and eastern China, where more detailed exploration has been carried out,
new discoveries have indicated the significant mineral resource potential of these areas,
especially in the periphery of state-owned large or medium-sized mines.
83
Sanjiang Area, Southwestern China: Sanjiang area is an important part of the wellknown Tethys metallogenic zone, and several large or medium sized copper, lead, zinc, and
silver polymetallic deposits have been found and evaluated, such as Pulang copper deposit in
Zhongdian, Luziyuan lead-zinc deposit in Nanting River area, Tengchong-Baoshan in the
northwest of Yunnan province; Lanuoma copper deposit in east Tibet; Yidun island arc belts
in Sichuan province; Ranzheyong in Qinghai province, etc. Assessment suggests 3 million
tons of copper, 10 million tons of lead-zinc, and nearly 10 thousand tons of silver resources in
these areas.
Tibet Brahmaputra Metallogenic Belt: The exploration of copper polymetallic
resources is progressing well. Two million tons of copper and 120 million tons of high-grade
iron have been indicated, and the prospective resources of copper will reach 10 million tons
and high-grade iron 200 million tons. The Qulong and Nimu areas are promising areas for the
discovery of super-large copper polymetallic deposits.
Qinling Area: The exploration of lead-zinc resources in this region is encouraging,
especially the discovery of Daijiazhuang deposit in Gansu province, and Mayuan, Xunbei
deposit in Shanxi province. The prospective resources of the whole area are over 4 million
tons of lead-zinc.
Eastern Kunlun Mountain Metallogenic Belts: The discovery of Kendekeke,
Tuolugou and Dulenggou copper and cobalt deposits delineates a giant, east-west striking
copper-cobalt tract. Assessment of mineral resources of the tract suggests over 35 thousand
tons of cobalt and 0.7 million tons copper, with prospective resource of 50 thousand tons
cobalt and 1 million tons copper. Tin and tungsten occurrences have recently been identified
in the Baigan Lake area.
In-situ Leachable Sandstone-type Uranium Exploration in Northern China: The
exploration for in-situ leachable sandstone-type uranium deposits targets the Mesozoic
sedimentary basins in north China. Breakthroughs have been made in the Erlian basin and
northern Erdosi basin.
The Nanling Tin Polymetallic Metallogenic Belt: Exploration in this belt has
yielded resources amounting to 600,000 tons of tin, 100,000 tons of bismuth, 1.01 million
tons of lead-zinc, and 1,087 tons of silver.
Lead-Zinc polymetallic resources in Fujian and Jiangxi Province: Abundant leadzinc and silver occurrences have been found in these areas, including those in Fengyan,
Bawaiyang, Pucheng and Wuyi mountains in Fujian province; and those in Yinkeng,
Raojiashan, Jiangxi Province. Assessments in these areas indicate 2.76 million tons of leadzinc resources and 4,115 tons silver resources.
Silver, Lead and Zinc resources in the Southwestern Henan Province: Twenty new
metallic ore occurrences and 33 industrial ore bodies have been found, among which 5 are of
large size and 14 of medium size. Total mineral resources include 13,000 tons of silver, 4.8
million tons of lead and zinc, over 30 tons of gold, 180,000 tons of copper, and 12.85 million
tons of rutile. In other areas like Lushi-Luanchuan and Zhuyangguan-Tuanyuan, new mineral
occurrences have been discovered and mineral resources significantly increased, which
suggest promising mineral resource potential in these areas.
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Potash resources in Luobupo, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region: Exploration in

the Luobupo salt lake area has proven to be very successful, a breakthrough in potash
exploration after Qaidam. Calculation and estimation indicate 240 million tons of KCl
resources. Development of these resources will substantially relieve the shortage of potash
supply in China.
2. ENERGY PROGRAMME
2.1. Summary
By the end of 2003, the total hydrocarbon reserves in China were 23.58 billion tons of
crude oil (including condensate) and 5.03 trillion cubic meters of natural gas.
Oil reserve additions totaled 867.52 million tons (172.57 million tons recoverable) in
2003, which mainly came from the Bohai Bay basin, Erdos basin, Tarim basin, Songliao
basin, Junggar basin and Zhujiangkou basin. Natural gas reserve additions were 543.67
billion cubic meters (274.91 billion cubic meters recoverable), mainly coming from the Erdos
basin, Tarim basin, Sichuan basin and Qaidam basin in central and western China.
Crude oil and gas production was 169.88 million tons and 35.41 billion cubic meters
respectively, of which 14.3% (24.32 million tons) of crude oil and 12.3% (4.36 billion cubic
meters) of natural gas were produced from offshore areas.
2.2.1. Offshore Oil and Gas Exploration
In 2003, a total of 18,643 line-km of 2D seismic (Figure 1) and 3994 km2 of 3D
seismic data were acquired, and 50 offshore exploration wells drilled, resulting in 10 oil and
gas discoveries. By the end of 2003, a total of 59 oil and gas fields have been found in
China's offshore regions, with the reserves of 1963 million tons of crude oil (435 million tons
recoverable) and 499.2 billion cubic meters of natural gas (305 billion cubic meters
recoverable). It is expected that the Chinas offshore oil and gas production might reach 5055 million tons of oil equivalent by 2008. The petroleum resources in Chinas offshore
regions are estimated to be 35.1-40.4 billion tons of oil equivalent.
China will open 10 offshore new exploration blocks and 2 new areas to international
oil and gas companies for PSC and exploration.
2.2.2. Bohai Bay
The recoverable hydrocarbon reserves in Bohai Bay were 1085 million tons of oil
equivalents, which accounts for 50.9 % of Chinas offshore total. In 2003, a total of 2074.5
km2 of 3D seismic data were acquired and 29 exploration wells were drilled, resulting in 6 oil
and gas discoveries (the Bozhong 34-1S, Bozhong 34-1, Bozhong 3-2, Caofeidian 11-5,
Caofeidian 11-6 and Penglai 19-9). The Bozhong 34-1S oil-bearing structure is in the south
of Bozhong 34-2 oilfield. The discovery well, 34-1S-1 tested a combined flow of more than
100 tons of 25-33 API crude per day during drill stem tests.

85
2.2.3. Western South Sea

The recoverable hydrocarbon reserves in the Western South Sea region were 601
million tons of oil equivalents, which accounts for 28.2% of Chinas offshore total. In 2003,
a total of 7460.8 km of 2D seismic data and 983.2 km2 of 3D seismic data were acquired, and
10 exploration wells (including 3 appraisal wells) were drilled, resulting in 3 oil and gas
discoveries (the Weizhou 11-1 north , Weizhou 11-1, Wenchang 15-1).
2.2.4. Eastern South Sea
The recoverable hydrocarbon reserves in the Eastern South Sea region were 246
million ton of oil equivalent, which accounts for 11.6% of Chinas offshore total. In 2003, a
total of 345 km2 of 3D seismic data and 5706 km of 2D seismic data were acquired, and 8
exploration wells (including 3 appraisal wells) were drilled, resulting in 2 gas discoveries (the
Liuhua 19-5 and Panyu 35-1).
The appraisal well, Xijiang 23-1-4, located 19 kilometers west of Xijiang 24-3
oilfield, flowed over 548 tons of 24-31API crude oil per day during two drill stem tests. In
addition, reserve re-estimation indicates that the total reserves are 1.5 trillion cubic meters in
the Panyu 30-1 and Panyu 34-1 gas-bearing structures found in 2002.
2.2.5. East China Sea
In 2003, a total of 1975 km of 2D seismic data were acquired and 1 exploration well
was drilled in the Lishiu depression, East China Sea basin.
2.3. Development and Production of Offshore Fields
Offshore oil and natural gas production in 2003 were 24.32 million tons of crude oil
and 4.36 billion cubic meters of natural gas, which account for 13.2% and 13.5% of China's
total oil and gas output respectively (Table 1).
Table 1. Oil Production in 1999-2003 in China (Million Tons)
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
Onshore
143.45
141.04
141.28
141.58
145.59
Offshore
16.17
17.47
18.00
21.51
24.29
159.62
158.51
159.28
163.09
169.88
Total
About 160 development wells were drilled. Five oil and gas fields were brought on
production, including the Dongfang 1-1 gas field in the Yinge Sea basin, the Panyu 4-2 / 5-1
oil field in the Zhujiangkou basin, the WZ 12-1N in the Beibu Gulf basin, and the Zhaodong
and Chengdaoxi oilfields in the Bohai Bay basin. Twenty offshore oil and gas fields are now
in production (Table 2), of which 8 are in the Bohai Gulf, 7 in the Eastern South Sea, 4 in the
Western South Sea basin, and 1 in the East China Sea. It is expected that Chinas offshore oil
and gas production might reach 50-55 million tons of oil equivalent by 2008.

86
Table 2. Oil and Gas Production in Chinas Offshore Region in 2003

Region
Bohai Gulf
Eastern South Sea
Western South Sea
East China Sea
oil & gas fields

in production
8
7
4
1
oil & gas fields

under development
10
5
7
6
Daily average output

t .o. e (b.o.e.)
19622 (137353)
10426 (72981)
12001 (84010)
701 (4908)
The first phase of development of the Dongfang 1-1 gas field was scheduled to come
on stream in September 2003, with a production capacity of 4.38 million cubic meters per
day.
The Panyu 4-2/5-1 oil field, located in the block 15/34 of the Pearl River Mouth
Basin, was put into production on October 8, 2003. The peak production capacity of this field
is 8220 tons (60,000 barrels) per day, which is expected to ramp up to that level by the end of
2004.
The WZ 12-1N oil field, located in the Beibu Gulf in the western part of the South
China Sea, has been brought on stream, with the daily production of 7,500 boe. It is expected
that WZ-12-1N will reach a peak production of 14,400 boe in 2005.
2.4. Exploration and Production of Onshore Fields
The onshore oil production in 2003 was 145.56 million tons, of which 60.28% came
from three producing complexes in Eastern China: Daqing, Shengli and Liaohe (Table 3). It
also should be mentioned that the crude oil production rose rapidly in the oilfields in Central
and West China in 2003, an increase of 2.4 million tons over that in 2002.
A total of 71,559 line km of 2D and 17,904 km2 of 3D seismic data were recorded,
and 926 exploratory wells were drilled in 2003. At least 45 hydrocarbon discoveries were
made in onshore China, most of which are in the Tarim, Junggar, Erdos, Sichuan and Bohai
Bay basins.
2.4.1. Tarim basin
The Tarim basin was still Chinas onshore exploration hot spot in 2003, with activities
focused on the Cretaceous sandstone play in the Kuche depression, the Devonian sandstone
play in the Manjiaer depression and the Ordovician carbonate play in the Tahe area. The new
additional oil and gas reserves are 48 million tons and 15 billion cubic meters respectively.
The oil and gas reserves in the Yilake structure (Kuche depression) are estimated to
be 79.4 million tons and 100.1 billion cubic meters respectively, which is expected to become
another oil field with the reserves reaching 100 million tons. The discovery well, Wushen-1,
produced 173 cubic meters of crude oil and 196,299 cubic meters of natural gas per day from
Cretaceous sandstone.
The oil-bearing area of the Devonian Donghe sandstone in the Xadesun oil field has
been increased by the drilling of appraisal wells, with newly additional reserves of 26.6
million tons. A breakthrough was also made by the well Zhong-1 with a high yield gas flow
within the Ordovician in the central part of this basin.
87
In addition, the well Zhong-4 was completed at the depth of 7220 meters on
December 25, 2003. It is the deepest exploration well in the Tarim basin, which found seven
potential reservoir rocks in Paleozoic strata, with an accumulated thickness of 5.79 meters.
2.4.2. Erdos basin
Natural gas has been discovered in the Permian and Ordovician strata of the
Tabamiao area in the Ordos basin, with gas reserves in place of 51.7 billion cubic meters.
2.4.3. Sichuan basin
Major discoveries were made in the Bajiaochang, Luodai and Maliuchang areas, with
the total new additional gas reserves in place of 51 billion cubic meters.
Table 3. Oil and Gas Production in China in 2003
Crude oil
(million tons)
Offshore Fields
Onshore Fields
Daqing
Shengli
Liaohe
Xinjiang
Zhongyuan
Hubei
Dagang
Jilin
Changqing
Sichuan
Tarim
Turpan-Hami
The others
Total
24.32 (22.24?)
145.56
48.32
26.21
13.22
10.17
3.68
4.33
4.16
4.64
6.95
0.15
8.23
2.81
12.68
169.88
Natural gas
(billion m3)
4.36 (3.77?)
31.05
2.32
0.94
1.68
2.03
1.70
0.71
0.52
0.22
5.19
8.76
1.09
1.25
4.64
35.41
2.4.4. Turpan-Hami basin

The Wenxi 3-525 well, an adjustment well newly drilled in the Wenmi oil field, has
found a condensate reservoir in the Jurassic Xishanyao Formation, with the daily condensate
rate of 1415 m3.
2.4.5. Gas pipeline
The eastern segment of the West-East gas pipeline from Jingbei, Shaanxi Province, to
Shanghai terminal was put into trial operation on October 1, 2003. Another long-distance
natural gas pipeline, the Zhongxian-Wuhan pipeline, was commenced in August 2003.

88
2.5. Cooperation Activities with CCOP

The Chinese experts participated the PPM case study and workshops, such as:
a) Philippines PPM Case Study and workshop,
b) Indonesia PPM Case Study and workshop, and
c) Cambodia PPM Case Study and workshop.
The experts from Member Countries and Cooperating Countries, as well as the
Resources Speakers and PPM Project Coordinator were invited to attend the China PPM Case
Study and Workshop.
The Seminar on Geochemical Prospecting, organized by MLR, CGS, SINOPEC,
PETRAD and CCOP, was held in Hangshan, China on August 9-13, 2004. A total of 25
participants from CCOP Member Countries attended the seminar.
2.6. New Discovery: Methane Reef in Northern Slope of South China Sea
Authigenic carbonates derived from the methane emission of gas hydrate or cold vent
sites are associated with dewatering at active and passive continental margins worldwide.
Recently it has been demonstrated that the aerobic oxidation of methane controls the
authigenic carbonate formation.
An authigenic carbonate mountain was discovered using the seafloor video survey
with real-time imaging (Ocean Floor Observation System, OFOS), TV-guided grab sampling
(TV-G) and TV-guided multi-coring (TV-MUCs), as a Chinese-German cooperative project
(joint expedition cruise SO-177 of RV SONNE) on distribution, formation and effect of
methane and gas hydrate on the environment in the northern South China Sea in June-July
2004.
The OFOS survey in the northern survey area with a water depth of 600-900m
revealed for the first time a vast accumulation of vent carbonate debris, pavements and
edifices standing above the seafloor and covering the slopes. In several cases a single upright
columnar carbonate pipe was observed sticking up in the center of the pockmark. Although
hard to imagine, it appeared that the pipe, initially embedded in a less indurated matrix,
might have caused bottom currents to swirl around it and in the process eroded the circular
depressions.
Subsequent TV-G sampling yielded every conceivable shape and form of authigenic
carbonates such as crusts, concretions, odd-shaped fillings of burrows, chimneys with single
and multiple open conduits as well as cemented conduits. Several of them appeared to be
composed of dolomite, particularly the well-known doughnut or ring-shaped concretions. The
erect structures are surrounded by a thick talus apron of carbonate rubble and an enormous
number of dead vent clams of all sizes, with the largest well over 10 cm long. Preliminary
identification as provided by geologists, suggest that these clams belong to at least four taxa:
Calyptogena sp., Acharax sp. Conchocele sp. and Bathymodiolus sp.
TV-MUCs were taken at the small active center site of Jiulong Methane Reef,
detected in the water column at the same site. This fully documented hitherto the unknown
cold seep carbonate mounds.

89
The size of these carbonate structures, now largely extinct or fading out fast, and the
amount of methane carbon fixed are amazing and might be the largest cold seep carbonate
accumulations known anywhere in the ocean. Since precipitation occurred at the interface
with seawater, these values indicate glacial ocean water composition. Therefore, the inferred
enormous activity of gas venting at Jiulong Methane Reef, whether from dissociating gas
hydrate or from a free gas reservoir, occurred some time ago and might have been driven by
pressure reduction due to lower sea level.
3.1. Summary
To realize sustainable development and utilization of groundwater and protect the
geo-environment, regional groundwater investigation has been carried out in the northern part
of China; and survey for groundwater contamination was started in some priority areas. In
2003 the groundwater-monitoring network covered an area of 980,000 km2. Compared with
2002, the water level in the north and south China is, in general, declining, in the east and
mid-south China, rising or stabilizing, and also stabilising in north-east China. There is no
dominant trend in northwest China. The overall water quality is good, but the degradation of
water quality and the aggravation of pollution should not be neglected. The proportion of
cities with problems of water quality degradation and pollution aggravation was 37.2% in
2003, less than the 40% for the year of 2002. The regional geo-environmental issues caused
by unreasonable groundwater development, such as cones of groundwater depression, land
subsidence, seawater intrusion, collapse in Karst areas, and ground fissures, are potentially
threatening the ecosystem and economic growth.
3.2.1. Groundwater Monitoring
A new monitoring network has basically covered all the areas or cities with extensive
groundwater exploitation. By the end of 2003, the number of monitoring sites had reached
23,847, among which 1,422 were at national level. The design and locality selection
installing 90 sets of automatic groundwater monitoring devices was completed in the three
pilot areas of Shandong, Beijing and Xinjiang respectively, and 95 in the Yellow River
Watershed. Sixty sets of the automatic devices have been installed in Beijing and 1 set of
automatic data-transferring equipment fixed and tested successfully.
3.2.2. Groundwater Resources Investigation and Assessment
In 2003, investigations for groundwater resources and relevant environmental issues
continued in the Songnen Basin, North China Plain, Erdos Basin, Qaidam Basin and Jugar
Basin. Karst groundwater investigations started in Guizhou, Guangxi, and Yunnan provinces.
Groundwater exploration and development for drinking water in arid and semi-arid areas was
carried out in 9 provinces in northern and southwestern parts of China. The new round of
groundwater assessment had been completed in 2003. According to the assessment, the fresh
water resource in China totaled 8.8371011 m3. The brackish groundwater (TDS 1-3 g/L)
resource totaled 2.771010 m3. The semi-saline groundwater (TDS 3-5 g/L) resource was
1.211010 m3. The annual mean permissible fresh groundwater resource was 3.5371011 m3.

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3.2.3. Research on the Groundwater Related Environment

In 2003, the Ministry of Land and Resources carried out research projects on the
groundwater related environment. The research involved the strategies of the new round of
groundwater assessment and the sustainable development of groundwater and ecosystem in
northwest China. Two reports on the Situation of Some Cities with Water Shortage and
Advice and the Groundwater pollution in Some Cities and Advice were submitted to provide
scientific support to the decision makers.
3.3. Proposed Future Activities and Assistance Required from CCOP in Support of
Future Activities
Technical support in groundwater investigation and assessment, 3-D geological and
groundwater flow visualization, large-scale groundwater modeling will be very helpful.
4. COASTAL ZONE PROGRAMME
4.1. Summary
In 2003, geological surveys were carried out in the offshore area of the Shandong
Peninsula, Qingdao coastal zone, the sea area off the Yangtze River Delta and the offshore
area to the west of the Pearl River Delta as part of the program of investigation and
assessment of littoral environmental geology in the key coastal areas of China.
Work in the offshore area of the Shandong Peninsula included the drilling of two
boreholes (70.10 and 70.20 m), seafloor shallow seismic profiling and bottom material
investigation and also remote sensing interpretation of field geologic and sedimentodynamic
surveys in the northern coastal zone of the Shandong Peninsula. The survey revealed the late
Quaternary stratigraphic structures, evolution of coastal geomorphic features and changes of
the coastline during the last two decades as well as the formation mechanisms and
development of geologic hazards in the study areas.
In the Qingdao coastal zone, the environmental geological survey at 1:50,000 scale in
Jiaozhou Bay and the Qingdao frontal sea area was completed. The survey included
sedimentodynamic, sea bottom material, marine organic contamination, and shallow seismic
profiling surveys. The survey provided details about the types and contamination degrees of
the bottom materials, heavy metal contents of the marine organisms and sedimentodynamic
characteristics of the coastal zone. It also helped to understand the distribution and
mechanism of geohazards and provide information and data to build-up the database of
environmental geology in Qingdao.
In the sea area off the Yangtze River mouth, a series of operations were carried out,
such as the 6-ship synchronous sedimentodynamic survey in the flood season, shallow
seismic profiling, side scan sonar work, 4-remote-sensing-section survey, and bottom
material investigation. The survey gave general knowledge of characteristics of the river
mouth front, sedimentodynamics and sedimentation as well as the developments of the river
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mouth and undersea delta in response to the decrease of water and silt discharge resulting
from the cutting-off by the Three Gorges development.
In the offshore area to the west of the Pearl River mouth, more detailed work was
done, which included the 1400 m long comprehensive profiles (including single-channel
seismic survey, shallow seismic profiling, side scan sonar, and single-beam bathymetry),
multi-beam whole coverage of the submarine topographic features (3 km2), underway sea
current observation profile (111.7 km), surface seafloor sediment sampling (100 sites), sea
water sampling (30 sites), temperature-salinity-depth survey (70 sites), drilling of four
boreholes (64.5 m in total), dynamic sounding in four wells, multiple parameter measurement
for marine environment (U-TWO, 260 km), and remote sensing interpretation (1400 km2).
This work provided detailed information about the sea floor topographic and geomorphic
features, marine hydrologic characteristics, types and distributions of seafloor sediments,
distributions of minerals and harmful materials in the study area, the contamination situation
of the bottom materials, the sedimentary characteristics and environmental evolution since
the late Quaternary. They also demonstrated the general situation of the seafloor surface
sediment, including mechanical properties and stability of the sea floor, which are all
essential to resolution of geo-engineering issues.
Another program investigating recent geologic environmental changes in the Bohai
Bay and circum-Bohai Sea was carried out. The project focused on the young coastal
sediments (the last 130 years) and surface morphologic features along the west coast of Bohai
Bay, in Laizhou Bay and Liaodong Bay.
5.1. Summary
About 13,832 geohazards incidents were reported nationwide in 2003, among which
13,237 broke out in a few seconds. In the sudden one 264 caused serious casualty and
property damage. 743 people lost their life, 125 missing, 564 were injured and direct
economic loss totaled near US$ 554 million.
Compared with the situation in 2002, incidents of landslide in 2003 declined
remarkably. On the contrary, breakdown, mudflow and ground fissure took place more
frequently. And the incidence of surface collapse remained at the same level as in 2003.
Two areas in China, the North China Plain and the Yangtze River Delta, suffered
most from land subsidence, and each year huge damage resulted from these geohazards. The
North China Plain includes Beijing Metropolitan, Tianjin Metropolitan, Hebei, Shanxi and
Shandong Provinces. The latter includes Shanghai Metropolitan, Jiangsu and Zhejiang
Provinces. Detailed investigation suggested that over pumping of ground water is the major
cause for the subsidence.
Ground fissures mostly occur in Hebei and Shandong Provinces in north China,
Shanxi Province in northwest China, and Zhejiang and Jiangsu Provinces in southeast China.

92
Seawater intrusion takes place in the coastal area where groundwater is pumped
intensively, mainly in Dalian City in Liaoning Province, Qingdao, Yantai, Weihai and Rizhao
Cities in Shandong Province.
The Statute of Geohazard Prevention and Construction was issued on November 24,
2003 and executed from March 1, 2004.
Collaborating with the China Meteorological Administration, the Ministry of Land
and Resources initiated a Sudden Geohazards Warning program in May 2003. The warning is
put on the web-page everyday since then. In case the danger is very serious, an
announcement will be given on CCTV (China Central Television), accompanied by the daily
weather Forecast Program. The first geo-hazard warning was given on CCTV on June 3,
2003. From June to September in 2003, the monitor system issued 122 warnings, of which 56
were broadcasted by CCTV. It proves to be an efficient measure to help the local government
and people in concerned areas in getting a timely preparation and may reduce the property
and life loss.
The monitoring network calls for the participation of the public in areas with frequent
geohazards incidents, which makes the system more efficient. So far, regional geological
investigation at 1:500,000 scale has been completed and a digital landform of geohazards
prevention was constructed. A monitor network has been constructed for slow geohazards; a
program of monitoring network was established.
6.1. Summary
Environmental geology mainly concerns with the geo-environment issues in mining
sites, protection of the geological heritage, and agricultural related issues in China.
6.2.1. Geo-environment of Mining Area
According to the incomplete statistics, up to 560,665 hectares of land were damaged
by mining activities in 2003, among which waste piles and tailing account for 43,815
hectares, open pit mining used 144,240 hectares, and mining collapse covered 244,713
hectares.
In 2003, Technical Standard of the Assessment of Mining Impacts on the Geoenvironment was drafted. A mineral-properties-consulting system was built at the national
and provincial levels to restrictively execute the assessment procedure and to take control of
the environment deterioration effectively. The system of security money for restoring the
geo-environment in mining area was also constructed.
In 2003, the geo-environment of mining area in 12 provinces was surveyed and an
information system about this was constructed. In the past few years the mineral resources
management departments and the mining companies have taken effective measurements to
restore the geo-environment of mining areas and rehabilitate the damaged land. By 2003,
about 16,703 hectares of land have been rehabilitated in 18 pilot mining sites.
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6.2.2. Protection of the Geological Heritages

In response to the UNESCOs network plan of world geo-park construction, in 2003,
the Chinese government approved 8 national conservation zones of geological traces and
vestiges which include 132 geo-parks, among which 44 are national ones. The geo-parks
cover an area of 2,376,716 hectares in total, among which the national geo-parks cover
1,442,325 hectares. About US$ 33.841 million was arranged for the construction of these
geo-parks.
6.2.3. The Agriculture-related Geo-Environment
Agriculture-related geo-environment is divided into two categories. One is the land
degradation, such as the soil fertility decline, soil erosion, desertification, salination, and
grassland deterioration. The area of soil erosion in China has reached 3,670,000 km2, more
than 1/3 of the total land area. Another is the agricultural pollution resulted from unwise use
of fertilizer or pesticide. These problems have negatively impacted the product quality and
drinking water both for people and animals.
The geochemical mapping of soil was conducted in the Pearl River Delta, Jianghan
Plain and Chengdu Plain in 2003. The survey analyzed 54 elements or indexes in an area of
60,000 km2 and determined their spatial distribution. Moreover, the soil quality is assessed,
which serves as the basic data for the agriculture planning, structure adjustment, and the
environment protection. The agricultural geological survey has been completed in 17 regions
that covered an area of 170,000 km2 by 2003.
7. GEO-DATA AND INFORMATION MANAGEMENT PROGRAMME
7.1. Summary
The geodata and information management programme includes work design and
planning, data collection and processing, data integration and dissemination. So far, a huge
quantity of data has been collected, and GIS-based databases are being developed for
different purposes. The geo-information infrastructure, metadata, systematic database
maintenance and policy on data release are being actively developed. Specific software
packages are being developed for data analysis, processing and integration of the different
disciplines. The PDA tool kits for data acquisition in the field are now widely used in
geological mapping.
7.2.1. Geological map database
The 1:5,000,000 geological map database of China based on MapGIS has been
completed and released to the public without charge. The 1:500,000 spatial geological map
database of China was completed and released in 2000. The 1:200,000 digital geological map
database containing 1163 sheets was completed both in MapGIS and ArcGIS format in 2002.
The 1:200,000 hydro-geological maps and 1:50,000 hydrological, engineering, environmental
and geological maps of provincial capitals, eastern metropolis and economic zones were
94
completed in 2003. Also in 2003, the 1:2,500,000 geological map database was developed
and will be released in 2004.
1:50,000 and 1:250,000 spatial geological map databases were constructed with
digital field PDA data in 2002 and 2004, focusing on major mineralization zones.
7.2.2. Geological thematic databases
A 1:200,000 heavy placer mineral database, which contain roughly 2 million
sampling sites, was completed in 2003. A national isotopic element dating database,
containing 15300 sampling sites, was also completed in 2003. A national chronicle
geological work database was completed in 2004. The construction of a national solid
mineral deposits database was carried out in 2001 and completed in 2003 with the coverage
of metal, nonmetal, coal, building materials, chemical industry and radioactive minerals.
The regional gravity database was developed in 2000, a geophysical borehole
database in 2001, and an aeromagnetic database at 1:1,000,000 scale in 2002. The aeroelectromagnetic database was completed in 2001, and contains former survey data. Data
collection for the regional geochemical database will be completed in 2004. Stream sediment
data is coming from each of the provinces of China.
7.2.3. Digital geological archives
Tens of thousands of reports were collected from the past geological surveys. The
digital archive includes a web inquiry system, English version cataloging and abstracts. More
than fifty-thousand report titles and abstracts can be accessed on the web, and twelve
thousand geological reports has been digitized, roughly 800 GB, and have been put into the
database.
7.2.4. Database maintenance
Spatial data in the above databases are stored in multi-formats due to different GIS
software packages used in their development. Most data are in ArcInfo, ArcView (Coverage
or Shape), MapGIS (a Chinese GIS package, Wt, WP and Wl), and MapInfo (Tab and Mif).
And most of the databases are in MS SQL server, some are MS Access based, and a few in
Oracle. Database integration management is the next aim and will be based on ArcGIS,
MapGIS and Oracle.
7.2.5. Standards and metadata
The standards of informationalization in China include fundamental standards,
database standards and specifications of software development. To support the database
development and informationalization, 30 standards have been issued since 1999, covering
data collection, storage, processing, integration, expression and management.

95
Table 1. Metadata release by CGS in 2003

No.
Name
1:500,000 digital geological
1
map spatial database of China
China Litho stratigraphy/strata
2
database
1:200,000 digital geological
3
1:1000,000 Regional Gravity
Database of China;
4
Database of China;
Database of China.
1:2,500,000 digital geological
5
Chinese catalog of geological
6
archives
1:200,000 Heavy Mineral
7
Database of China
National Isotopic Dating
8
Database of Rocks
Version
time
Status
Chinese/English
2001
released
Chinese/English
2001
released
Chinese/English
2003
released
Chinese/English
2003
released
in China
Chinese/English
2004
released
Chinese/English
2002
released
Chinese/English
2003
released
Chinese/English
2003
released
The 8 databases released (Table 1) can be found at http://www.cgs.gov.cn/Ev/gs/

metadata.htm. A metadata database architecture and managing system is being studied, and
will become a part of national architecture of clearinghouse for geological information
management, application, sharing and exchange.
7.3. Software package and field mapping tool development
Software for the purpose of data utilization has been developed since the beginning of
the database development. Mineral resource assessment system MORAS based on MapGIS
has been developed and put into use. ArcView GIS based aero-electromagnetic survey
database GEMD1.0 and geophysical logging database system GLDB 1.0 was developed in
2001. GIS system for geophysical, geochemical and remote sensing data processing PCR/GIS
1.0 has been put into use. Regional geochemistry database information system
GeoMDIS2003 is now used by almost all the provinces of China. No-seismic interpretation
system GME/GIS and gravity data coordination and processing system RGIS 2.0 are being
tested and to be released this year.
Digital geological mapping PDA tool kit PRB was developed in 2002 and is now
widely used in mapping. This PDA CE platform based tool kit has integrated GPS,
fundamental GIS functions and remote sensing images for digital mapping. To replace
traditional field notebook, this system can be used in the field for digital geological mapping,
geo-hazard mapping the data transferred directly to a workstation database after daily
fieldwork.

96
7.4. Geo-information dissemination

The up-to-date geo-information products, including digital geological map,
geophysical data, and digital geological archives were provided to the public. By the end of
June, 2004, the Geological data, nearly 16000 sheets (in size of 1:200,000 sheet), have been
provided to the provincial and local governments, universities, research institutes, companies,
etc.
The national stratigraphy database containing more than 80,380 files of different rock
types and strata had been available since 2000 on CGS website. More than 500 copies of
1:500,000 geological maps database both in Chinese and English versions have been
provided to the government and geoscientists since 2000. 1:5,000,000 geological map
databases were released. 1:2,500,000 geological map databases will be released this year.
Regional gravity data, geochemical data and 1:200,000 geological map data have been
utilized by more than 100 projects ever since their development within and outside the survey
for mineral potential assessment, fundamental geological researches, agricultural planning
and environment investigation, etc.
7.5.
Proposed Future Activities and Aid Required from CCOP in Support of

Future Activities
With the development of geo-databases construction and application, data

dissemination and training of digital field mapping technique become more important for the
government and the public.
It will be helpful for China and other member countries if CCOP can make
arrangement for:
a. Comparison study on geo-data dissemination policy among CCOP member
countries.
b. Training courses on database maintenance and system management, especially on
data integration techniques of multiple discipline data and multiple data formats.

97

15-18 November 2004
Tsukuba, Japan

of
Indonesia
Submitted by
Delegation of Indonesia
(For Agenda Item 3)

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Country:
INDONESIA
Period:
1 July 2003 30 June 2004
1.1. Summary
In the year 2003, a number of uncertainties continued to affect the level of new
investments in the mining industry. These included regional autonomy, delay in finalization
of a new mining law, illegal mining, environmental regulation, fiscal policy, and overlap with
the forestry law. Investment in new mine development, capacity expansion and sustaining
capital expenditure remained low in 2003 and is only a fraction of the levels seen over the
previous five years.
Concerning the problem with the forestry law, the Indonesian National Parliament
(DPR) eventually approved the issuance of a regulation in lieu of law (Perpu) No 1/2004 on
the amendment of Forestry Law No.41/1991 to solve the problem of overlapping areas
between mining and forestry sectors of the country. With the approval of the DPR,
presidential decree (Kepres) No 41/2004 that allows 13 mining companies to go ahead with
their operations in protected forests could also proceed.
However, Indonesias mineral prospectivity and exploration potential remains a
positive aspect of the industrys future. Indonesian mine production will continue to increase,
particularly for tin, nickel, copper and gold as existing mines maximize their operations. The
substantial production of gold and tin from informal mine sources is expected to continue.
In the 2003 fiscal year, the Marine Geological Research and Development Center has
conducted systematic sea floor mapping, mineral exploration, and joint research with other
countries in relation to hydrothermal deposits in the Flores Sea.
Regional geochemical mapping at 1:250.000 scale is carried out by the Directorate of
Mineral Resources Inventory of Indonesia (DMRI). This activity studies the distribution of
16 (sixteen) elements, including Au, Cu, Pb, Zn. In fiscal year 2004, geochemical mapping
was undertaken in 3 (three) map sheets (Denpasar-Mataram, West Ruteng and Atambua map
sheets), Nusa Tenggara Island, which completed the geochemical mapping activity in that
region.
During 2004, the last phase of joint cooperation between MMAJ (the Metal Mining
Agency of Japan) and the DMRI (Directorate of Mineral Resources Inventory) in mineral
101
exploration in East Java has been completed. The activities included geological survey,
geophysical (IP) survey and drilling. The geological survey was carried out over a total area
of 260 km2 in four districts (Tempursari, Purwoharjo, Seweden, and Prambon). Drilling was
conducted in the Prambon District and the Seweden District, while geophysical programmes
were taking place in Tempursari dan Purwohardjo. The best gold mineralisation was
identified in Prambon district which showed the highest assay result of 3 g/t Au.
KIGAM (the Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources) and DMRI have
completed joint exploration in South Cianjur, West Java. In this last phase, the activity
carried out was drilling of four holes totaling 300 m at G. Cilangkap. The result of chemical
analysis of drill core shows a range of values as follows: Cu: 7184 ppm; Pb: 12222 ppm;
Zn: 47349 ppm; Ag: 168 ppm and Au: 2142 ppb. Based on these results, no further work
is recommended in this area.
Joint exploration between DMRI and KORES (Korea Resources) was conducted at
Sikka-Ende Districts, Flores. The activity in the second phase was geological survey,
geochemical prospecting, and geophysical prospecting on the promising areas chosen from
the first phase survey. As a result, prospective base metal mineralization was found to be
widely distributed at Gn. Keli Ndati, Wolo Desa, Lia Kutu, Magepanda (Lowo Polut).
Geophysical (IP) prospecting indicated a large mineralized body at Block A area at depth
with continuation to the west.
The Marine Geological Research and Development Centre conducted a marine
geological and geophysical survey in Indonesian waters involving systematic sea floor
mapping and thematic surveys to determine the distribution of detrital minerals and primary
minerals in offshore areas. The areas surveyed are located in :
1) Riau water: to determine the occurrence of rare earth minerals such as Cerium (Ce),
Zirconium (Zr), Lanthanum (La), Niobium (Nb), and Tantalum (Ta). During the
survey, 60 samples of sea floor sediments were collected and 100 km of seismic line
in and around Riau water were recorded.
2) Pameungpeuk water: to determine detrital mineral and sand deposits along the coast
of Pameungpeuk. Data from hand auger survey indicate that the sand beaches
between the depth 65 cm until 300 cm consist of reef sand, iron sand and mixture
molucca shell and iron sand. Bedrock in the study area is andesite breccia. Mineral
content of sand dunes comprises magnetite, hematite, ilmenite, epidote, rutile,
hornblende, and quartz, muscovite and dolomite. Georadar data indicate the backshore of sand dunes consists of coastal plain with seawater content, coastal plain with
freshwater content and bedrock of volcanic sediment. Sand dune profiles were
measured along the Pameungpek coastal area and consist of sand beach with low
slope (<20), mid slope (20 - 40) and high slope (>40), with heights between 2
meter to 3 meter and sand dunes forming a zone between 40 meter to 60 meter from
the shoreline. The zone of dunes from Sayangheulang to Cipelabuh is 3,200 km long.
Sand dunes in Sayangheulang consist of three hills 16m, 26m and 29m high, with a
total width of 420m and those in Darmaga consist of three hills, 14m, 28m and 22m
high and 460m wide.

102
Some of the Major Mining Operations and Prospects

The Grasberg complex of PT Freeport Indonesia in Papua, contains the worlds
largest gold deposit and the second-largest copper deposit, all in one ore body. Moreover, it
is a very young mine when compared to most other large mines. Since discovery of the
Grasberg mine in 1988, the complex has already yielded an aggregate of 16.6 billion pounds
of copper and 25.8 million ounces of gold, including the share of the joint venture partner,
Rio Tinto plc. However, at the end of 2003 the Grasberg complex still contains aggregate
proven and probable reserves of 54.4 billion pounds of copper (39.7 billion pounds net to PT
Freeport Indonesia) and 60.4 million ounces of gold (46.6 million ounces net to PT Freeport
Indonesia). This gives the ability to mine for decades to come based solely on reserves
established as of 2003.
PT Freeport Indonesia continues to focus on expanding geologic reserves by drilling
and exploring the proven mineral-rich Block A exploration area of the Contract of Work.
During 2003, additions to the aggregate proven and probable reserves of the Grasberg
complex totaled approximately 185.5 million metric tons of ore representing increases of 2.6
billion recoverable pounds of copper, 1.0 million recoverable ounces of gold and 16.8 million
recoverable ounces of silver. While field exploration remains suspended outside of Block A,
evaluation of previously drilled core from the 2.2 million acres in PT Freeport Indonesias
Block B, Eastern Minerals and Nabire Bakti Minings Contract of Work areas continues. All
of these exploration areas lie on a highly prospective mineral trend that extends throughout
the central highlands of the island of New Guinea, along the collision zone of the IndoAustralian and Pacific tectonic plates.
The Gosowong Gold Mine of PT. Nusa Halmahera Mineral on Halmahera Island
continued operation until April 2003 when milling was suspended due to low ore stockpiles.
During 2003 Gosowong produced 37,878 ounces from low-grade stockpiles at a cash cost of
$520 per ounce ($230 per ounce) and total costs of $532 per ounce ($419 per ounce). This
increase in costs resulted from the depletion of high-grade ore from the exhausted Gosowong
mine and the subsequent treatment of lower-grade stockpiled material. Over the full life of
the mine Gosowong produced 772,018 ounces of gold and 812,815 ounces of silver at cash
costs just above $200 per ounce.
Toguraci, a satellite project 2 kilometres west of the original Gosowong pit, was the
subject of extensive negotiations during 2003 which were aimed at securing approval for the
Toguraci mine to process. This approval was granted by the Indonesian Government in May
2003 and, as the only approval granted in the country, was a significant achievement for the
operating team. Mine development at Toguraci, which contains approximately 300,000
ounces of gold, has commenced with preliminary road access completed and pre-stripping of
the mining area underway. Current plans have first production by December 2004.
The exploration prospectivity remains high on the Companys contract of work with a
high level of drilling activity at both Toguraci and Kencana.
The Batu Hijau mine in Sumbawa Island benefited from higher copper prices in 2003,
driven in part by strong demand from China. Batu Hijaus realized copper price improved
19% from 2002 to $0.86 per pound in 2003. Copper sales totaled 610 million pounds at
record low net cash costs of $0.23 per pound. Gold by-product sales totaled 585,000 ounces.
Batu Hijaus margin based on total production costs improved 79% from 2002, reflecting a
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higher realized copper price, increased gold by-product credits and lower smelting and
refining charges. Batu Hijau contributed record net income to Newmont in 2003.
The project of Herald Resources Ltd in North Sumatra has culminated in a very
positive pre-feasibility study outcome on the high-grade Dairi zinc-lead project. The
prefeasibility study, completed in July 2003, was based on the mining of the Anjing Hitam
resource, then determined to be 6.324 million tonnes @ 16.0% Zn, 9.9% Pb or 21.5% Zn
equivalent, from the Main Mineral Horizon. That studys estimated output of total payable
metal for the life of mine was about 745,000 tonnes zinc and 471,000 tonnes lead. The
current study will also investigate the possibility of extracting some of the Upper Mineral
Horizon material.
The Martabe gold system of Newmont in North Sumatera was discovered in late 1997
using regional BLEG (Bulk Leach Extractable Gold) stream sediment sampling techniques
and the anomalies were defined using soil sampling on a 100 by 50 metre grid. The best gold
soil geochemistry was identified in talus below the Purnama hill on the western margins of
the Purnama fault, which led to the discovery of the Purnama deposit. Exploration has also
identified mineralisation within the Martabe District at Pelangi, Baskara, Kejora and
Gerhana. These high sulphidation epithermal gold deposits are hosted in variable lithologies
with strong structural controls. The exploration has focused on the Purnama deposit, which
has been defined by 25,686 metres of drilling in 67 diamond holes on a 50 by 50 metre grid.
The project is currently in pre-feasibility with a reported resource of 66.7 million tonnes at a
grade of 1.74 g/t Au and 21.5 g/t Ag for a total of 3.7 million ounces of gold and 46 million
ounces of silver.
Kalimantan Gold Corporation (KGC), a junior Canadian mineral exploration
company, has been engaged in exploration for precious and base metals in Central
Kalimantan for the past twenty years, lately through its Indonesian subsididary Kalimantan
Surya Kencana Limited (KSK). It holds a Contract of Work (CoW) with the Government of
Indonesia covering an area of 124,200 hectares in the northern part of the Province, some 180
kilometres north of the capital, Palangka Raya, on the border with West Kalimantan
Province. The exploration has resulted in the identification of potentially very large
copper/gold porphyry deposits and polymetallic deposits. Porphyry-related copper-gold
mineralization in KGCs CoW is associated with a number of intrusions that have been
emplaced at shallow crustal levels at the junction between Mesozoic metamorphic rocks to
the south and accreted Lower Tertiary sediments to the north. These intrusions are
interpreted to be part of the Oligocene Cental Kalimantan arc of Carlile and Mitchell (1994).
Older intrusions, and associated volcanic and volcaniclastic rocks, of probable Cretaceous
age (Carlile and Mitchell, 1994), also crop out along this contact.
The Cibaliung Gold Project of PT Cibaliung Sumber Daya (joint venture between
Antam and Austindo Resources Corporation NL) is located in Banten Province in the
Pandeglang Kabupaten (Regency) near the western tip of the island of Java.
The Cibaliung resource update was completed in April 2003 following additional
infill and extension drilling. By year-end 2003, a total of 3,310m of drilling in 18 holes
comprising 1,258m of RC percussion pre-collars and 2,052m of HQ diamond core drilling
had been completed. The new resources amount to 610,200 equivalent gold ounces (see
resource table) and contain 31% more gold and silver than the previous estimate. The
Cibaliung Gold Project presently comprises the high grade Cikoneng and Cibitung goldsilver shoots in an epithermal vein system with a known strike length of 1.5 km. However,
104
the project area is prospective for further ore shoots and is the subject of extensive
exploration effort both near the existing resources and within the south-west quadrant of the
project KP.
Avocet Mining has completed a positive and bankable feasibility study at the
Companys North Lanut project, North Sulawesi. The mine starting to operate in 2004,
where with total resources of 11.7 MT at a grade 1.5g/t Au and 5 g/t Ag, and with average
gold recovery rate of 73%, will produce about 50,000 oz. of gold per year for five years.
At the end of 2003, the total proven and probable reserves estimated by PT. Tambang
Timah internal geological analysis amounts to 375,210 tons of Sn. These tin reserves may
change as more reserves are being found or its economic value changes in line with changes
in the tin industry. In 2003, total tin in concentrate production reached 43, 948 metric tons of
Sn, 20% lower than that of 2002 production of 56,038 metric tons. From this total, 19% or
8,564 metric tons of Sn was produced from dredge operation, while 81% of 36,394 was
obtained from the inland.
Dredge production in 2003 was 37% lower when compared to that of 2002 of 13,531
tons of Sn. Meanwhile tin in concentrate production from the inland mines declined to
35,394 tons of Sn or 15% lower compared with 40,507 metric tons of Sn in 2002.
Lower dredge production is a result of the companys policy to conserve its offshore
reserves while optimizing its inland production. Meanwhile the decline in inland production
is attributed to people and unconventional mining operations in the companys mining rights
which remain uncontrollable.
PT. Aneka Tambang (Antams) total estimated proved and probable saprolite (high
grade) ore reserves declined slightly to 34 million wet metric tonnes (wmt) with 2.36%
contained nickel and total estimated resources decreased 16% to 115 million wmt with 2.44%
contained nickel. On the other hand, Antams estimated total proved and probable limonite
ore (low grade) reserves increased 24% to 22 million wmt with 1.42% contained nickel and
total estimated resources increased slightly to 251 million wmt with 1.47% contained nickel.
Antams nickel division includes ferronickel and nickel ore. The ferronickel facility
is located at Pomalaa, Southeast Sulawesi and has a capacity of 11,000 tonnes of nickel per
year although Antams normal annual target is 10,500 tonnes. Antams saprolite nickel ore
output is smelted into ferronickel at the Pomalaa smelters. The ore comes primarily from the
Pomalaa mine and is sometimes blended with ore from the Gee Island mine. The ferronickel
smelter used approximately 625,000 wmt of ore in 2003. The Pomalaa ferronickel smelter
has been in operation since 1976. The original smelter line, FeNi I, has a capacity of 5,500
tonnes per year of nickel in ferronickel based on feedstock of ore with a nickel content of
1.8%. A second smelting line, FeNi II, began commercial operation in January 1995 and
increased total capacity to 11,000 tonnes per year of nickel in ferronickel. The FeNi III nickel
expansion will further augment capacity to 26,000 tonnes per year.
PT. Aneka Tambang focuses its gold exploration activities at the high grade
epithermal vein systems at Pongkor, West Java, although it also plans exploration programs
at other locations throughout Indonesia. Core drilling is conducted at Pongkor to discover
new gold deposits so as to extend mining life. Activities continued at the Ciurug, Pamoyanan
and Gudang Handak locations in Pongkor, with the best results in June 2003 having a grade
of 19.65 g/t. Antams proved and probable gold ore reserves at the Pongkor mine increased
105
to 5.8 million wmt as a portion of the measured and indicated resources were reclassified as
reserves after estimating in consideration of the economics. The estimation indicates a
slightly reduced average gold grade of 10.4 grams per ton (gpt) and silver of 118.5 gpt,
resulting in estimated metal of 1,698,100 t.oz. of gold and 19,368,300 t.oz of silver.
Pongkors total resources decreased, due to reclassifying a portion as reserves, to 0.8 million
wmt. In the year 2003, gold production in Pongkor Mine, West Java reached 4,176 kg,
exceeding the companys target of 4,100 kg. In line with increased gold ore production,
production of silver, which is a by-product of gold, also rose by 12% over 2002.
Tayans bauxite reserves of PT. Aneka Tambang in West Kalimantan, were estimated
at 58.8 million wmt, a bankable feasibility study was completed regarding the Tayan
Chemical Grade Alumina project and the degree of confidence that the ore can be mined
economically increased. The estimated indicated resources of washed bauxite at Tayan
(Munggu Pasir) thus declined to 51.5 million wmt with 10.38% silica and 46.86% alumina.
Antam has three iron sands mines at Lumajang, Kutorajo and Cilacap. Antam
normally targets about 450,000 tonnes of iron sands per year although this has been
decreasing in recent years due to diminishing demand from local cement buyers. Antam
produces iron sands from two mining operations in Central Java, one at Cilacap and the other
at Kutoarjo, both situated on the south coast of Java. Cilacap has been in production since
1971 and Kutoarjo commenced production in 1989.
The iron sands division continued to have difficulty in 2003 as local cement makers
continued to use copper slag as a substitute. At the end of the year, Chinese buyers looking
for iron ore expressed interest in purchasing iron sands which contain about 47% iron.
Antams management hopes this will revitalize this struggling business unit. Unlike 2002, all
of Antams iron sands were estimated as reserves. Total reserves decreased by 32% to 3.3
million wmt of concentrate with a mean iron content of 46.8%. As the resources at Kutoarjo
were re-estimated as reserves in consideration of the economics, there were no estimates of
iron sands resources. Kutoarjo has estimated total reserves of 2.5 million wmt of concentrate
and Lumajang has estimated total reserves of 0.7 million wmt of concentrate. Total reserves
and resources dropped as in 2003 Antam stopped mining activity at Cilacap and the
exploration license at Wates expired, therefore the mineral reserves and resources from these
properties were not included in Antams 2003 ore estimations.
PT International Nickel Indonesia Tbk (PT Inco) produces nickel in matte, an
intermediate product, from lateritic ores at its integrated mining and processing facilities near
Sorowako on the island of Sulawesi. In the year 2003, PT Inco production of 155 million
pounds of nickel in matte was the highest in the companys history and substantially above
the initial goal for 2003 of 140 million pounds.
At year-end 2003, PT Incos ore reserves in the Sorowako plant area were 62 million
tonnes of proven reserves grading 1.81 per cent nickel and 45 million tonnes of probable
reserves grading 1.80 per cent nickel.
PT Weda Bay Nickel holds a seventh generation CoW with a size of 120,500 ha
located in Central Halmahera Regency, North Maluku. Weda Bay is owned by Strand
Minerals (90%) and Antam (10%). Exploration commenced in 1997 but was suspended in
January 2003 due to the impact of Law 41 on Forestry, which contains a clause prohibiting
open pit mining in protected forests. The latest evaluation results estimate measured
resources of 12 million dry tonnes, at 1.33% Ni and 0.09% Co, indicated resources of 93
106
million dry tonnes, at 1.46% Ni and 0.07% Co, and inferred resources of 135 million dry
tonnes, at 1.3% Ni and 0.09% Co. Total resources are 240 million dry tonnes at 1.35% Ni and
0.08% Co.
1.3. Other Activities
Joint surveys with other countries :
1) German (Free University) Indonesia (DKP-MGRDC) joint research is being
undertaken in the Flores Sea (Bandamin II-2003), using R/V Baruna Jaya VIII. The
aim of the survey of Bandamin II is to identify hydrothermal activity and
mineralization in the Flores Sea and around Alor, Wetar, Damar Island, using CTD
sampling, multi beam, sub-bottom profiling, dredge sampling, Van Veen grab
sampling, photo sledge, and chromatic gas system. As a result of these activities the
expedition found a new submarine volcano which is situated between Komba Island
and Abang Komba submarine volcano. The new volcano, named as Baruna Komba, is
interpreted to be younger than Abang Komba and Ibu Komba. These volcanoes
appear to be controlled by the northwest-southeast fault systems. It is seemly that their
morphologies have a lineation from northwest to the southeast direction, parallel to
Abang Kombs and Ibu Komba lineament. The result of Bandamin II expedition also
showed that the Baruna Komba submarine volcano has an indication for hydrothermal
mineral precipitation. This is strongly supported by the finding an anomaly from the
CTD method and one rock sample completely filled with crudely layered goethite
material.
2. ENERGY PROGRAMME
2.1. Summary
2.1.1. Hydrocarbons
The hydrocarbons activities through CCOP during the 2003-2004 fiscal year were
activities of the Petroleum Policy and Management (PPM) Project, either as the host country
of the Indonesian case study or as participating members in other case study countries.
The petroleum exploration activities, as recorded during 1999-2003, showed a
fluctuation on the drilling activities and of 2-D and 3-D seismic surveys. Ten areas of opened
acreage were offered in the bidding round 2003-2004.
2.1.2. Geothermal
The geothermal exploration has shown that the potential areas along the Indonesian
volcanic belts are very large, especially in Sumatra and Java Islands. The status in January
2004 indicates a total potential of 27.189 MW in 251 location, but only 807 MWe has been
utilized representing less than 3 % of the total national electricity consumption.
Twelve companies have been involved in developing potential areas by making
energy sales contracts for about 2000 Mwe. However, in 1997 some of contracts were
rescheduled. Recently, the Indonesian Government is promoting the construction of small
scale geothermal power stations in those remote islands in the eastern part of Indonesia
through the Rural Electrification Program.
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A new regulation as Law 27 of 2003 on geothermal development in Indonesia is being

prepared to realise an appropriate procedure for development, to reduce steam field
development risk and to obtain a lower electricity price.
2.2.1. Hydrocarbons
Petroleum exploration activity trends in Indonesia, as recorded in the last five years
(1999-2003), are as follows:
drilling activities for oil wells dropped in the 2002, from 106 wells drilled in
2001 to 89 wells in 2002. This trend continued, and in 2003 the number of the
wells drilled was only 64.
2-D seismic activities peaked on 2002, shooting along 14,295.16 km, but
dropped in 2003 to 6,239 km.
The 3-D seismic activities had been increasing since 1999, with area of 3,317 km2
covered in 1999, 4,827 km2 in 2000, and peaking in 2001 when an area of 7,768 km was
covered. In 2002, this figure dropped to 3,404 km2 and continued to fall to 1,210 km2 in
2003.
The offering (tender) of 10 petroleum working areas for the bidding round of Year
2003-21004 was announced on October 2003. The bid information was made available and
could be accessed by the bidder until July 2004, with the document of tenders to be submitted
in September 2004. Since then the documents were being evaluated but no results are yet
available (November 2004).
The 10 petroleum working areas offered for tender cover Lhokseumawe-Aceh,
Ujungkulon-Banten, NE Madura III, NE Madura IV, NE Madura V-Jawa East, Rote I, Rote
II-NUSA East South-East, Babar, Selaru-Maluku and Manokwari-Papua South-East.
To these areas, new fiscal regimes were also introduced, including terms and
conditions, based on the incentive package and geological potential.
2.2.2.
Geothermal
The Directorate General of Geology and Mineral Resources (DGGMR), on behalf of

the Indonesian Government, has initiated and promoted a joint research cooperation project
on the exploration of small-scale geothermal resources. The research is carried out by
DGGMR, Geological Survey of Japan (GSJ) and the New Energy and Industrial Technology
Development Organization (NEDO) of the Japanese Government. Work commenced in mid1997 in Mataloko-Bajaw, Flores.
During the fiscal year 2003-2004, Geothermal Division, DMRI conducted surface
exploration in a few geothermal areas in East Indonesia, supported by the government
budget, in Gunung Talang and Bukit Kili (West Sumatera), Merana (Central Sulawesi),
Gunung Iliangi (East Flores District, Flores Island), Huu-Daha (Dompu District, Sumbawa
Islands), Danau Ranau (South Sumatera), Atedai drilling area (Lembata Island), Sukoria
(Ende District, Flores Island), geothermal gradient determination in Tuti Adegai, Bukapiting
108
(Alor District Island). Long period monitoring was carried out in MT-2, MT-3 and MT-4
wells in the Mataloko Geothermal Field (Flores Island).
2.3. Others
Two workshops were held on the Petroleum Policy and Management (PPM) Project
during 2003-2004, i.e. the 1st and 2nd workshop of the Indonesia PPM Case Studies, in July
2003 and in March 2004 respectively.
The 1st Workshop of the Indonesia PPM Case Study, was held in Yogyakarta and in
Cepu, on 21-26 July 2003. A total of 35 participants attended the workshop, which consists of
14 participants from abroad and 21 participants from Indonesia. The main topic of the
workshop was to introduce the PPM Case Study and some presentations on the petroleum
policy and management in Indonesia, such as the petroleum assessments of Oil Companies
who are working the area, the licensing and contract system in Indonesia, and also an
introduction to the software applied in hydrocarbon resource assessment.
The 2nd Workshop of the Indonesia PPM Case Study, was held in Bandung on 8-13
March 2004. A total of 43 participants attended the workshop, comprising 21 participants
from abroad and 13 participants from Indonesia and 9 resource persons. The topics of the
workshops were focused on the Hydrocarbon Resource Assessment, Plan of Development
(POD), Economical Analysis, and Petroleum Economics.
The workshops on the PPM Project of other case study countries, were also attended
by participants from Indonesia, as follows:
3rd Workshop on Cambodia PPM Case Study, held on 29 March-3 April 2004, was
attended by Merrs. Yohannes P. Koesoemo and Asyik Kurniawan of PUSDIK MIGAS Cepu;
2nd Workshop on Philippines PPM Case Study, held on 22-27 January 2004, by
Merrs. Barlian Yulihanto and Bambang Wicaksono of LEMIGAS Jakarta;
3rd Workshop on Philippines PPM Case Study, held on 25-30 August 2004, by Merrs.
Sasongko Hadipandoyo and Bambang Wicaksono of LEMIGAS Jakarta;
2nd Workshop on China PPM Case Study, held on 22-27 May 2004, by Merrs. Agus
Guntur and Silambi Palamba of LEMIGAS Jakarta;
3.1. Summary
Groundwater in Indonesia is still used as the main source of water supply. Due to the
intensive extraction in big cities and in the industrial zone, further impacts such as water table
lowering, land subsidence, and seawater intrusion are resulting. These negative impacts
should have been avoided by managing groundwater according to the natural capacity and its
condition. The authority for groundwater management is in provincial and district
governments, while the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources of the national
government has the responsibility for providing regulations, information in the form of maps
and data and technical reports which should be efficiently disseminated to all relevant bodies.
109

3.2.1. Mapping
Mapping is carried out to produce spatial information about the groundwater
conditions. In 2004, groundwater mapping was divided into four groups of activity
comprising hydrogeological mapping, boundary of groundwater basin mapping, groundwater
potential mapping, and groundwater conservation mapping.
Hydrogeological Mapping
Hydrogeological maps are providing semi-quantitative information of groundwater
quantity and quality. The data were collected by field measurement of the water table,
piezometric head, spring discharge, electric conductivity, and physical condition of
groundwater. Sampling of groundwater was done from dug wells, bore holes, and springs.
This data is used for making the map of groundwater flow. Water samples are analysed for
content of the major ions and the results used for making groundwater quality maps. Based
on the quantity and quality maps, the hydrogeological map at the scale of 1:250,000 is
compiled.
In 2004, hydrogeological mapping was undertaken in three areas as follows:
1. Pangkalan Bun
2. Siak Indrapura Bengkalis
3. Pematang Siantar Tebing Tinggi
Mapping of Specific Groundwater Basins
Maps of groundwater basins are of importance for basic groundwater management.
This mapping is based on secondary data such as the hydrogeological map, geological map,
topographic map, and subsurface data such as well logs, subsurface geophysical
interpretation, and geological cross sections. Some secondary data are checked randomly in
the field to ensure their validity. The scale of the maps is 1:250,000.
Groundwater basin mapping is carried out in 8 areas as follows:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Sumatera
Kalimantan
Sulawesi
Bali
West Nusa Tenggara
East Nusa Tenggara
Papua
Maluku
Mapping of Groundwater Potential

Groundwater potential maps are providing quantitative information about
groundwater in a certain area. Data were collected by field measurement of water table,
piezometric head, spring discharge, electric conductivity, and physical condition of
groundwater. Field measurement to get aquifer properties such as transmissivity and
hydraulic conductivity is made by pumping tests at several wells. This investigation is also
110
supported by geoelectric measurement to construct the sub-surface configuration of aquifers.

Sampling of the groundwater was from dug wells, boreholes, and springs, and analysed for
main ionic content and the result used for making groundwater quality maps. Based on the
quantity and quality map, the groundwater potential map at the scale of 1:100,000 is
compiled.
In 2004, groundwater potential mapping was done in three areas as follows:
1. Medan
2. Pekanbaru
3. Bitung
Mapping for Groundwater Conservation
Groundwater conservation maps provide information about groundwater conditions.
The groundwater condition indicates the impact of groundwater extraction. Data were
collected by field measurement of water table, piezometric head, electric conductivity, and
physical condition of the groundwater. This investigation is also supported by monitoring
results of piezometric heads from monitoring wells and analysing water samples from dug
wells and bore holes. Based on the condition of quantity and quality of groundwater, the
groundwater conservation map at the scale of 1:250,000 is constructed.
In 2004, groundwater conservation maps were compiled in five areas as follows:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
West Sumatera
South Sumatera
Bali
Lampung
Lombok
3.2.2. Monitoring of Groundwater Condition

Groundwater monitoring is undertaken to obtain continuous or periodic data on
impact of groundwater extraction in a certain area. This activity is done by collecting data of
water table, piezometric head, electric conductivity, and physical condition of groundwater
from local government institutions responsible. Sampling collection of groundwater was
done from dug wells and bore holes. The result of this activity is a series of periodic
summaries of the condition of groundwater in a certain area.
In 2004, groundwater monitoring has been undertaken in five areas as follows:
1. Jakarta
2. Bandung
3. North Banten
4. Bogor
5. Surabaya

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3.2.3. Evaluation of Groundwater Quality in the Coal Mining Area,

Banjarmasin-Banjarbaru, South Kalimantan
This activity is intended to provide information about the impact of coal mining on
groundwater in the surrounding area and particularly the quality of groundwater after the
activity of mining in a certain area has ceased. The result of this activity is provided in the
form of maps at the scale of 1:100,000.
3.2.4. Development of Information
This activity is intended to disseminate the results of mapping and other investigations
that have been done. Dissemination of information is done by a series of activities such as
workshops and technical assistance.
Workshop on National Policy on Groundwater
This workshop was held in Bandung and attended by 250 participants from several
institutions such as the Ministry of Settlement and Regional Infrastructure, Ministry of
Forestry, Ministry of Home Affair, NGO, BAPPENAS and Ministry of Research and
Technology.
Public Education on Groundwater Regulation
This activity is intended to spread information of government regulations such as the
Act No. 7/2004 about Water Resources, groundwater management guidance, etc. The activity
was generally held during one day in a provincial city and attended by 30-35 participants.
The participants mostly were officials of district government who had authority of handling
groundwater management. This activity was held in Jambi and Yogyakarta.
Technical Assistance
Technical assistance was given to government officials at provincial and district level.
This activity was held during two days in provincial cities and attended by 30-40 participants,
particularly technical staff members who have responsibility in the field.
Technical assistance activities were held in four provinces as follows:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Samarinda
Kupang
Mataram
Bengkulu
Preparing Technical Guidance

Technical guidance is compiled in manuals intended for technical staff members or
government officials who have authority in handling groundwater management at provincial
and district levels. Four manuals were prepared as follows:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Technical Guidance of Environmental Criteria in Groundwater Withdrawal

Technical Guidance of Recitation in Groundwater Hydrochemistry
Standard of drilling installation company
Collection of Technical Guidance in Groundwater Management

112
Public Consultation
Public consultation was conducted to get information, comments, and suggestions
from the government officials at the provincial and district level. This consultation was
intended to improve the draft of Government Regulation on Groundwater.
Public consultation was held in five provinces as follows:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Surabaya
Semarang
Yogyakarta
Bandung
Banten
Publication of Book
A book entitled: Groundwater in Indonesia and Its Management was published. This
book contains basic knowledge of groundwater and general guidance of groundwater
management in Indonesia.
3.2.5. Development of Water Supply
The water supply infrastructure in the village is categorized by poverty condition.
Water supply infrastructure by means of capturing spring discharge has been
developed in four locations as follow:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Pacitan
Trenggalek
Tulungagung
Tuban
Water supply infrastructure involving developing wells for groundwater extraction

has being done in 30 locations as follow:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Lebak
Pandeglang
Tasikmalaya
Subang
Kebumen
Semarang
Kulonprogo
Boyolali
Kediri
Jombang
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.

Indramayu
Sukabumi
Cirebon
Pemalang
Tegal
Purbalingga
Situbondo
Pasuruan
Wonogiri
Deli Serdang
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21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
Tapanuli Selatan
Pariaman
Tanjung Jabung
Tanah Laut
Palu
Mangandow
Kendari
Lombok Timur
Belu
Rote Ndao
Future Activities
Activities in the future should be concentrated on the monitoring of groundwater
conditions in the big cities outside Java Island, while the groundwater conservation in Java
should be increased by developing artificial recharge in order to restore groundwater
conditions in the big cities. For this reason several injection wells or infiltration wells should
be constructed in the future in the critical zone.
Technical assistance from CCOP is required to provide guidance in the classification
of groundwater damage due to the intensive extraction since there is no international standard
of groundwater or aquifer condition.
4.1. Summary
During the fiscal year 2003, the Marine Geological Research and Development Center
conducted coastal surveys in the Mahakam Delta, East Kalimantan, Madura Strait and
Rembang. The studies focused on sedimentation and its implications, characteristics and
shorelines changes and coastal-dynamics.
The Mahakam Delta is one of the unique examples of a deltaic depositional
environment and has been subject of considerable research. Geologically, this delta belongs
to the Kutai Basin that has been known for petroleum and natural gas resources. Geological
and geophysical surveys were conducted in 2003 for studying the sedimentary system in
Mahakam. The interpretation of shallow seismic reflection in Muara Jawa, south of the
Mahakam Delta shows that there is post Holocene progradation of sediment. Data from a
sediment core (20 m length) in Muara Jawa shows two sediment sequences that are
characterized by sediment and microfossil components. The sediments at the top (0-12 m) are
representative of low energy environments characterized by fine grain sediments,
plant/organic remains with no microfossil evidence. The sediment below it (12-20 m) is
characterized by quartz sand and mud containing shallow marine microfossils that reflect
high-energy environments. The Pb210 dating analysis shows that the sedimentation rate of the
Mahakam Delta is between 0.27 - 0.45 cm/year. It means that the sediments supply from the
hinterland is very low. The result of data analysis of current velocity is 0,819-1,162 m/s; in
Sungai Mariam and maximum velocity is 1.422-1.980 m/s in PT. Expan in Anggana, the
velocity is 0.629-0.700 m/s and maximum velocity is 1.184-1.353 m/s. For both, current
direction is eastward.
The average current velocity used is 0.66 m/s and the section of the river area is
1140m . Based on calculation, then the suspended load is 0.0000009424 m3/s/m width and
0,001074 m3/s/section square. On the basis of sediment trap measurements, it can be
concluded that the fine fraction deposits of sandy silts and silts were deposited uniformly.
2

114
The coast of the Madura Strait and the adjacent area closely relates to the
environmental ecosystem of the Bengawan Solo Delta Complex. The coastal area has been
known as a marine shipping channel and has abundant marine biota resources. As the
development of Surabaya City increases, particularly in the northern areas, such as the use of
coastal areas for property development and industrial use, therefore, the coastal system of the
area intensively changes. Reclamation for industries and living areas is the main priority in
the development of this area. Reclamation of mangrove forest for industries and coastal
fishery areas affects coastal erosion in the Madura Strait. Other effects are on sedimentation
and deposition, which will no longer narrow the marine shipping channel of the Madura
Strait. Coastal waves generated by vessels and speedboats effect coastal erosion and water
turbidity of the Madura Strait.
Marine and coastal geological mapping in Kabupaten Rembang using remote sensing,
sounding, water-sediment, sampling and coastal characteristics recording methods, result in
data and information to support the development of the area. The potential area generated
from sedimentation processes amounts to 644 ha, corals 191.5 ha, and mangroves 16.6 ha.
Sedimentation processes yield a coarse fraction (gravel) with quartz content of 98%, a good
prospect for quartz sand. Based on these data, the suggest speciality areas to be developed in
Kabupaten Rembang are: coral reefs for marine tourism and sea grass mariculture, mangrove
for fish colony and shrimp, and quartz sand for industry.
5.1. Summary
The Directorate of Volcanology and Geological Hazard Mitigation (DVGHM) has
carried out monitoring and evaluation of the potential volcanic, earthquake, landslide,
tsunami and other geological hazards. It cooperates with local government and give
information on geological hazards and technical recommendations for human and assets
protection from geological hazard.
For volcano mitigation, the Directorate have conducted seismic and deformation
monitoring on active volcanoes in order to understand their stage of activity and to provide a
volcanic hazard early warning system. Instrumentation and methods of monitoring are under
continuous development. In addition, volcanic hazard zone mapping and an inventory of
volcano locations for tourism have also been undertaken.
Digital maps concerning earthquake mitigation including the maps of earthquake, and
tsunami hazard areas, map of earthquake vulnerability in Bengkulu - Sumatera, and also a
database of destructive earthquake in Indonesia for the period 1756 2004, were established.
Other activities carried out are quick responses to earthquake disaster, monitoring of active
faults and mapping of local earthquake hazards.
The landslide program has given quick responses on landslide disaster, conducted
mapping of landslide susceptibility, monitoring of landslides in high risk areas, survey of
erosion and sedimentation, and establishment of a database of destructive landslides in
Indonesia.

115

Observation and analysis of seismic data from the analog recording with one vertical
seismometer from the Volcano Observatory is being done in Talang, Sorik Marapi, Tandikat,
Kerinci, Kaba, Dempo, Gede, Galunggung, Krakatau, Guntur, Papandayan, Dieng, Slamet,
Sundoro, Sumbing, Lamongan, Arjuno, Welirang Lewotobi, Agung, Tambora, Inelika, Ili
Boleng, Egon, Batur, Sangeangapi, Ebulobo, Colo, Lokon, Karangetan, Dukono, Awu,
Soputam and Raung. In addition, deformation survey was applied in Ijen, Kelut, Guntur,
Papandayan, Gede, Galunggung, Egon, Tambora, Soputan, Lokon and Batur volcanoes. The
purpose of monitoring is to understand the volcanic activities as related to the volcano early
warning system. Five of the volcanoes above erupted during the year of 2004; it caused 2
fatalities, 5 injuries while 24,427 people have been evacuated (see Table 1).
Table 1. The volcano eruption during 2004
No.
Year
Time
Month
Name of
Volcano
Location
Explanation
June 7-9
Awu
North Sulawesi
Erupted, 22539 people evacuated,

no victim.
June 8
Bromo
East Java
Erupted, 2 victims and 5 injured
August 5 September
Marapi
West Sumatera
Erupted
Sept. 7-12
Egon
Nusatenggara
Erupted, 1888 people evacuated,

no victim
August 12 September
Kerinci
West Sumatera
Erupted
2004
Volcano hazard map of Colo and Kelut volcanoes and geological map of Agung
volcano have been completed. Survey and mapping of volcanoes include:
Volcanic Hazard Zone Mapping on Colo and Kelut volcanoes.

Volcanic Risk Zone Mapping on Lokon volcano.
Volcanic Hazard Assesment on Papandayan volcano.
Volcanic Geological Mapping on Colo volcano.
Study of self-potential method on Soputan and Kelut volcanoes.
Study of Chemistry and Gas emission on Papandayan and Guntur volcanoes.
Study of Rock Chemistry on Papandayan and Kelut volcanoes.
Inventory of Water Resources on Talang volcano.
Improvement of volcano monitoring instrumentation, such as the application of

microprocessor technology for the development of volcano monitoring including CO2 gas
sampling and mapping methods, was undertaken at Dieng Plateau. The tracing of volcanic
elements and compounds was undertaken at Ijen volcano to study water leakage from the
crater-lake.
Quick responses to the earthquakes in Karangasem (Bali Province) and Western part
of Lombok (NTB Province) of January 2, 2004 and Nabire (Papua Province) February 6,
2004 were given. Recommendation was given to the local government concerning the
ground acceleration of earthquakes and MMI mapping to determine the level and area of
hazard. Technical recommendations, especially on safe building recovery development, were
also introduced. Determination of active faults in Bali and West Lombok was carried out by
using magnetic and gravity methods to delineate such sub-surface structures which can be
116
responsible for destructive earthquakes in the future. Earthquake hazard mapping in

Bengkulu, Padang and Kuningan was carried out to describe the status of earthquake hazard
based on geological prediction (morphology, lithology and structural geology), earthquake
source zones, earthquake intensity by using MMI scale (taken from historical destructive
earthquake, calculation of ground acceleration and population distribution). The destructive
earthquakes in Indonesia during 2004 are shown in Table 2.
Table 2. Destructive earthquakes in the period of January September 2004 in Indonesia
Name of
earthquake
Date of
happening
1.
Bali & West

Lombok
Jan 2, 2004
2.
Buru Island
Jan 29, 2004
Nabire, Papua
Feb 6, 2004
West
Sumatera
Feb 16, 2004
West
Sumatera
Feb 22, 2004
West
Sumatera
Apr 9, 2004
Kupang, East
Nusatenggara
Apr 23, 2004
No.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Epicenter
Depth
(USGS)
(Km)
115,79 E
8,26 S
127,41 E
3,15 S
135,52 E
3,9 S
100,3 E
0,55 S
100,4 E
1,59 S
100,5 E
1,55 S
122,82 E
9,44 S
Mag
Died
Injured
Damaged
Buildings
33
6,2
65
2330
33
6,7
Caused
tsunami
25
33
Hundred
33
5,6
10
70
43
47
42,6
5,5
Several
houses
75,8
6,4
Under the landslide program, landslide susceptibility mapping at 4 locations in

Serang, Liwa, Bitung and Padang, at 1:100.000 scale was carried out. Landslide monitoring
using geodetic methods was also carried out at 4 locations. These are Ciloto-Megamendung,
Sumedang (West-Java), MajenangWangon, Banjarmangu and Banjarnegara (Central Java).
Quick responses to landslide disasters (Table 3) and recommendations were given to
the local government based on evaluation of landslide hazards.
Table 3. Landslide disasters period January September 2004 in Indonesia
No.
Location
Event
Dead
Injure
Damage
Building
Destroyed
Building
Treated
Building
West Java
15
21
132
73
164
Central Java
13
13
South
Sulawesi
33
10
West
Sumatera
40
17
Total
18
107
19
133
87
177

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Future Activities
The future volcano hazard mitigation programs of DVGHM will focus on increasing
the cooperation of research and investigation in monitoring volcano activity with
Kyoto University, Disaster Prevention Research Institute (cq Sakurajima Volcano
Observatory & Kyoto University) on Guntur, Semeru and Bromo.
The earthquake and tsunami mitigation programs will focus on research and
investigation of earthquake and tsunami hazard mapping, ground acceleration
calculation for strategic and vital locations and potentially destructive earthquake
areas in Indonesia. Proposed locations for the projects are Bengkulu (Southwest
Sumatera), Sukabumi (West Java), Palu (Central Sulawesi), Bali, Banyuwangi (East
Java), Flores and Papua. The project needs cooperation with Research Institutions
from CCOP Member Countries.
The future landslide mitigation program also needs cooperation with Research
Institutions of CCOP Member Countries. It is proposed to conduct landslide research
on various vital and strategic issues. The projects will be held in Megamendung
(Bogor Regency), Muara Aman (Bengkulu Province) and Gunung Pati (Semarang
City).
Assistance for instrumentation and processing software for the earthquake, tsunami
and landslide research, as the important tools in geological hazard mitigation.
The DVGHM also intend to increase their staffs knowledge of volcano and
geological hazard mitigation through training and study abroad.
5.4. Others
5.4.1. Cooperative research with other institutions on volcano and geological
hazard mitigation :
Sakurajima Volcano Observatory (Kyoto University), DPRI.
Monitoring of volcanoes in Guntur (West Java) and Semeru (East Java).
In the near future, Semeru, Bromo and Lamongan volcanoes (east Java) will
be developed as regional centers for observation.
Exchange of volcano experts to share knowledge and experience and to
develop the capabilities of DVGHM staffs.
BGR of the Federal Republic of Germany
Merapi Amphibious Experiment (MERAMEX). There were 120 mobile
seismic stations deployed in a dense grid around the Merapi volcano over 5
months along with 14 ocean bottom seismometers/ hydrophones offshore over
4 months. By seismic tomography methods, different velocity can determine
the internal structure of the Merapi magmatic system down to the source area
at the Wadati Benioff zone and its vicinity. This significantly extends previous
studies at this site.
Krakatau Monitoring (KRAKMON). A multi parameter monitoring network
will be installed (March, 2005) on the Krakatau volcano complex comprising
broadband and short period seismometers, electromagnetic, gas chemical,
thermal, deformation and weather monitoring equipment.
Development of Highly Explosive Volcanoes at active Continental Margins
(DEVACOM). Laboratory experiments on field samples under in situ
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conditions and modeling will improve the understanding of processes

controlling eruption behavior and will be started in 2005.
Local Government
Cooperation between DVGHM and local government, before, during and after the
occurrence of geological disasters is focused on technical recommendations and
socialization of geological hazard mitigation.
5.4.2. Workshop
CCOPs 1st Workshop on Landslide Hazards Analysis using GIS and Remote
Sensing, 10-12 March 2003, Daejon, Republic of Korea was attended by Mr. Gatot Moch
Soedradjat from Directorate of Volcanology Geological Hazards Mitigation. Bandung. He
also attended the second workshop, 20-23 April 2004, Daejon, Republic of Korea.
6.1. Summary
Indonesia has no specific environmental geological programme, although data from
many projects could be applied to support sustainable development, both in urban and rural
areas. Indonesia still needs joint cooperation with other countries for improving capability
and sharing experience and knowledge.
The DGMAE is responsible in collecting, processing and analyzing data, and
disseminating it for land use planning and environmental management in urban, rural and
mining areas. Such information can include groundwater potential, aggregates deposits,
landslide vulnerability, volcanic eruption risk, liquefaction, land settlement, land subsidence,
soft ground foundation, building coverage ratio and suitable land for domestic and industrial
waste disposal.
The activities of DGMAE in relation to sustainable development policy during the
fiscal year of 2004 are as follow:
1) Urban Development
Indonesian urban environmental geological investigations supporting urban
development planning, have been focused on urban areas which have a high risk of
geohazards or on a city that becomes a new capital city of a new province. Currently,
Indonesia has 5 (five) new provinces. The investigations are :
Urban geological investigation at Sawahlunto, Serang, Bangkalan and Maumere.

Engineering geological investigation at Serang City.
2) Urban Quality
For supporting urban quality improvements the following were carried out :
Environmental geological investigations for selecting an appropriate location for

sanitary landfill at 3 (three) big cities : Pekanbaru, Padang and Samarinda.
Engineering geological evaluation at land subsidence areas of Semarang,
Surabaya and Sidoharjo.

119
3) Rural Development
Rural and regional environmental geological investigations are becoming a priority
with the aim of speeding up sustainable development of less developed areas, including
promotion of new regional economic growth centers (Kawasan Pengembangan Ekonomi
Terpadu/KAPET). Currently, Indonesia is promoting 18 KAPETs.
Rural and regional geological investigations at Belitung and Sangihe Islands, and
Tanggamus and Pandeglang Districts.
Engineering geological investigations at Bengkulu and Pangkalpinang Districts.
Environmental geological investigations for KAPET at Batulicin, Balikpapan
Samarinda and Samarinda Sangata regions.
4) Rural Quality
To maintain a good quality rural environment, especially to minimize environmental
damage and economic loss due to geological hazards (as part of geological hazard mitigation)
the following have already been undertaken:
Geological hazard and risk investigations at West Lombok, Central Lombok,

Sikka and Ende Districts, and Yogyakarta Province.
5) Mining Area Environment

For supporting the determination of sustainable mining, an investigation and
evaluation of environmental problems has been carried out on mining areas, such as :
Mining area environment investigations at Kampar, Rejanglebong and Hulu

Sungai Selatan Districts.
Mining area environment evaluations at Bintan Island and Pontianak District.
6) Geological Conservation
Indonesian karst regions are mainly densely populated. These areas are well known
to have limited resources, although they have a high geodiversity and biodiversity. At the
same time with the peoples increasing awareness of environmental degradation and the need
for sustainable development, anxiety that the increasing karst region development will cause
a decrease in geodiversity and biodiversity is developing. To encourage the harmonization
between the development and the conservation of the karst regions, environmental geological
investigations in some karst regions are already done. These are :
Environmental geological investigations on karst regions at Jambi, Wonogiri,

Nusa Penida and Kutai Timur Districts.
Future Activities
Related with the CCOP activities or programs in Indonesia, there are several point
that are expected in the near future :
Continuous investigation and development to find good methods and strategies for
minimizing environmental geological impacts from a development activity
through holding seminars or workshop in DGMAE on environment and
development, and on human resources development program.

120
The application of environmental geological data, especially the geological

hazards, to landuse planning must be promoted. Indonesia must be able to prevent
the loss of community prosperity because of natural and man made geological
disasters from the beginning of the area development. This requires a sustainable
development program. Partnerships should be formed with Indonesian geologists
in doing all of these.
Cooperation between Indonesia and developed countries in environmental studies
and development, especially on the application of environmental geological and
geological hazard data to urban and rural planning, and calculations of economic
loss are expected to be continued as they are important for Indonesia.
6.4. Others
6.4.1. National Workshop on Karst Region Management
The Workshop was held at Wonogiri on 4 and 5 August 2004 as cooperation between
DGMAE and the Government of Wonogiri District. The purpose of the workshop is to create
a similar perception among stakeholders on sustainable karst region development, and
geodiversity and biodiversity conservation.
6.4.2. National Seminar on Environmental Geology
There were 5 (five) seminars held by the DGMAE at Lampung, Jambi, Bengkulu and
Yogyakarta Provinces, and Semarang City. The seminars are part of the dissemination
program on geological environment and mining area management for local authorities, with a
purpose of increasing the awareness of the local authorities on the importance of
environmental geology for sustainable development.
6.4.3.
International Cooperation
An MOU for cooperation between Directorate General of Geology and Mineral

Resources through the DGMAE and the Directorate of Volcanology and Geological Hazard
Mitigation (DVGHM) of Indonesia with the Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural
Resources (BGR) and German Technical Cooperation (GTZ) was signed in 2003 for the
period of 5 (five) years (2003 2008). The title of the cooperation is Georisk Assessment
for Urban and Rural Quality Improvement with the Germany as the donor country.
The aim of the cooperation is to understand and to improve knowledge dealing with
characteristics of geological hazards (mainly landslides, volcanic eruptions, earthquakes and
land subsidence), hazard and risk predictions, economic loss calculations, and the utilization
of geological hazard information for land use planning. The cooperation is also aimed at
knowledge sharing and transfer of technology between the two countries. The scope of
activities includes the application of Geographic Information Systems as a processing tool.
Six locations are selected as pilot projects, these are Sleman, West Lombok and Central
Lombok Districts, and Semarang, Ende and Maumere Cities.

121
7. GEODATA AND INFORMATION MANAGEMENT PROGRAMME
7.1. Summary
During 2004, the activities related to geo-data and information management in
Indonesia have been continuing, which includes development of geoscience database and
digital geology, and publication of geological data products. Preparation of basic geological
data, including geological and geophysical mapping at various scales, mineral distributions of
autonomous regions, hydrogeology maps, geothermal database, and thesaurus were also
carried out during 2004. Geo-information dissemination aimed at wide distribution to the
public included a published lexicon of stratigraphy, atlas of granites and a digital atlas of the
Petroleum System of South Sulawesi Region.
The work of establishing the geological database has continued, mainly to digitize and
format by using geographic information technology (GIS) for systematic geological maps,
regional geological maps, some thematic Quaternary geological maps and regional
hydrogeological maps. Upgrade of the stratigraphic database has also been made and
constructing the hydrothermal database has continued. All digital geological maps are
presented in Arc-Info and Map-Info formats.
7.2.1. Geoscience Database
The mineral database has been developed by the Directorate General of Geology and
Mineral Resources (DGGMR). This work is being carried out in conjunction with the
Mineral Data Bank management program and development of the mineral database of
Southeast Asian Countries, where Indonesia has been appointed as the coordinator.
DGGMR has also carried out GIS of mineral distribution of autonomous regions.
Subsequently, the latest activity was also developed to build e-government. Remastering
of hard copy data as well as data input were covered in this work.
The database of lithostratigraphy has been further developed by using SQL file, whereas
it was designed in MS-access previously. This work has an input of about 2230 formal
and informal formations that are collected from the systematic geological maps of
Indonesia. The lithostratigraphy database contains data such as formation name or group,
main lithology, environmental deposition, age and tectonic setting. The database of
lithostratigtraphy is developed by the Geological Research and Development Center.
For the hydrogeology and geothermal databases, the data are currently being collected
and input to the databases. The Directorate of Geological and Mining Environment is
developing the database of hydrogeology as an MS-Access file, while the Directorate of
Mineral Inventory does the geothermal database development as an SQL file.
7.2.2. Geological, Geophysical and Geochemical Maps
The geological, geophysical, geochemical and thematic mapping has been carried out
by the Geological Research and Development Centre (GRDC). This work has resulted to 15
122
gravity maps at 1:250.000 scale. With this, except for the Aceh province, the gravity
mapping for all the land area of the West Indonesian Region has been finished. The
geochemical mapping has been carried out in Kalimantan. A few thematic maps on
Quaternary geology, geomorphology and seismotectonics have been produced this year; 2
map sheets of Quaternary geology in Kalimantan, 2 sheets of geomorphology in Sumatera
and one sheet of seismotectonics in Sulawesi. Remapping of Sumatera and Jawa regions has
been done by using remote sensing data.
7.2.3. Digital Geology
Digital geological maps have been developed since 1998. At present, the Geological
Research and Development Centre has been able to digitize the systematic geological map for
the whole land area of the Indonesian Region and also some of thematic maps of Quaternary
Geology, while the Directorate of Geological and Mining Environment has digitized the
regional hydrogeological map. Arc-Info format is a standard for spatial geodata, while ArcView and Map-Info are used as GIS in visualizing, analyzing and data integration. These
GIS-geological maps are presented in the form of individual sheets (total 233 sheets),
island/islands packages (seven island and islands: Sumatera, Jawa, Nusatenggara,
Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Maluku and Papua) and an Indonesian package. These packages are
further distributed as GIS-Digital Geological Map On Line.
7.2.4. Lexicon of Stratigraphy
Lexicon of stratigraphy of Indonesia was launched in 2004. This edition contains
1856 lithostratigraphic units consisting largely of newly defined or introduced nomenclature
mainly on the basis of data obtained during the systematic geological mapping of the
previouss edition (Mark, 1957). The nomenclature was presented in an alphabetical order in
the form of lithostratigraphic terminologies in accordance with the Indonesian Stratigraphic
Code (ISC, 1973).
7.2.5. Thesaurus
A Geological Thesaurus in Indonesian language began at the beginning of this year,
and has now finally finished. It was edited by some experts in various fields, such as
geologists, geophysicists, paleontologists, and others.
In finishing the thesaurus, we used some Indonesian ethnic language sources, since
this country consists of many ethnic groups and languages. In case we do not have the precise
terms, we use the original words with some conformity.
Future Activities
Next year, the activities related to data and information management includes
remapping of the Kalimantan and Nusatenggara geology, to finish gravity mapping at
1:250,000 scale of East Indonesian Region, except Papua, geochemical and hydrogeological
mapping, and development of databases. The Geological Research and Development Centres
old data from geological investigation are mostly in Dutch. Therefore, these data needs to be
conserved and translated. The work of geological remapping by using remote sensing data,
development of databases and translation of old data need strong funding back-up, and CCOP
assistance would be welcomed.
123

15-18 November 2004
Tsukuba, Japan

of
Japan
Submitted by
Delegation of Japan
(For Agenda Item 3)

125


Country:
JAPAN
Period:
1 July 2003 30 June 2004
1. MINERALS PROGRAMME
World and domestic situation
The price of almost all metal commodities have been rising sharply due to the large
demand by China in 2003-2004. This resulted in significant profits for the Japanese domestic
metal smelting companies and metallic mines, in particular, Toyoha mine, which produces
indium, zinc, lead and silver. The increase of metal prices reactivated mineral exploration by
the mineral sector in the world, including Japanese mining companies. It is notable that
Nittetsu Mining Co., Ltd., who holds exploration rights of several important copper prospects
in Chile, conducted grass-roots exploration independently. The shortage of ore stocks makes
it even difficult to supply enough amounts of ores to Japan, although Japan depends mainly
on imports from overseas for the majority of metallic mineral resources (copper: 99.9 %,
zinc: 92.0 %). The Japanese government continues to support Japanese mining companies in
exploration and development of mines, although the budget related to mineral resources was
decreased (Table 1). The government gives various types of assistance to activities of
exploration surveys for developing new mines and to the actual development of mines, as
listed below.
Limestone, non-metal quarrying are resources which Japan can self-supply in only a
very limited capacity. Development of new mines is becoming very difficult in Japan due to
awareness of the environment, and some of the local governments decided to prohibit
exploitation of shallow marine gravel.
The Japanese government set up a new organization JOGMEC (Japan Oil, Gas and
Metals National Corporation) on February 29, 2004, by combining the Metal Mining Agency
of Japan with the Japan National Oil Corporation in order to downsize the organization of
governmental corporations. JOGMEC took on the tasks and projects previously conducted by
the Metal Mining Agency of Japan. The Japanese government attended the first meeting
among the mining ministers of the APEC countries held in Antofagasta, Chile, on June 1617, 2004, which discussed sustainable development and trade and investment liberalization
and facilitation of minerals and metals. The ministers noted that the Asia Pacific region is the
main driver of global economic growth and a significant producer and user of minerals and
metals; that many economies derive important economic and social benefits from their
development, trade and use; and that the mining and metals industry can effectively be an
engine for development.

127
Agency of Natural Resources and Energy

The Agency of Natural Resources and Energy conducted the following measures to
ensure the stable supply of mineral resources from overseas in 2003-2004.
(1) Promotion of exploration and development of new mines
(2) Rare metals reserve
(3) Securing nonmetal resources
The promotion of exploration and development of new mines includes, a) aid for
exploration and development of domestic mines, b) aid for overseas exploration and
development, c) resource exploration technology cooperation, d) mineral resource-related
technology development, and e) deep seabed mineral resource survey. The Agency also
conducts national stockpile of seven kinds of rare metals (nickel, chrome, cobalt, manganese,
vanadium, tungsten, molybdenum), aiming at stockpiling by the government 42 days worth
of domestic consumption amount and total stockpiling by the government and the private
sector of 60 days worth by the end of 2005. For non-metal resources, the Agency takes the
following measures to secure a stable supply: a) specific disaster prevention reserve fund, b)
rock resource surveys, and c) surveys and development projects for the effective use of byproducts. The budget for the fiscal year 2003 shows that domestic exploration budgets were
significantly decreased, but that for the cooperation projects with foreign mining companies
were drastically increased (Table 1).
Table 1. Budgets related to the mining industry (Agency of Natural Resources and Energy)
Items
Sub-item
FY2003
Year-onmillion \
year ratio
(%)
Regional geological survey (grass-route
599
-68.2
Aid for exploration and
survey & drilling)
development of domesitic
Site-scale geological survey (drilling)
567
-53.3
mines
Mine exploration promotion project
3288
-16.7
Aid for overseas exploration Document and information collection
2768
-0.7
and development
Overseas satellite image analysis
1108
13.9
Safety management measures project
159
-1.3
Overseas geological survey (survey and
2328
-3.4
drilling)
Overseas collaborative geological survey
587
-12.7
(survey and drilling)
Resource exploration
Resource development collaborative basic
15303
-26.1
technology cooperation
survey
(ODA)
Research cooperation promotion project
4521
402.3
Mineral resource-related
Development of mineral resource
845
-15.0
technology development
exploration technology
Development of technology for the
2823
-24.7
simultaneous separation of nonferrous
metals and material recycling
Rare metal stockpile
11121
-23.7
Deep seabed mineral
Deep seabed mineral resource survey
14982
-15.0
resource survey

128
JOGMEC
JOGMEC consists of 17 groups and six of them are related to mineral resources. They
are Metal Strategy Group, Metals Exploration Group, Rare Metals Stockpile Group, Mine
Pollution Control Group, Metals Finance Group and Metals Research & Development Group.
The head office is located in Kawasaki. JOGMEC conducted the following three major
activities during the fiscal year 2003-2004, based on the budgets allotted by the Agency of
Natural Resources and Energy; a) support for exploration and development of non-ferrous
mineral resources, b) stockpiling of rare metals, and c) provision of loans for mine pollution
control work. JOGMEC supported exploration and development of non-ferrous mineral
resources by finance, investment and loan guarantees, information collection, analysis and
provision, geological surveys in Japan and overseas including deep-sea mineral resources
survey, and research and technical development related to mineral resource exploration. JICA
asked JOGMEC to conduct nine exploration projects and the results during the fiscal year
2003 are listed in Table 2. Domestic mineral exploration was limited to the Hokusatsu region,
southwest Hokkaido region and Hishikari area. Regional survey in the Hokusatsu area (10.0
km2) included geological survey, IP survey (6.0 km) and two diamond drilling projects (700
m) at the Miyagino area, finding quartz-calcite veinlets containing <1.4 g/t Au (Ministry of
Economy, Trade and Industry, 2004). Two drilling campaigns attaining 1550 m in total at the
Aoki area, five kilometers north of Hishikari mine, found no significant gold mineralization
(Metal Mining Agency of Japan, 2004).
Table 2.
Exploration projects and results by JICA-JOGMEC (MMAJ) in the fiscal year 2003
(Shoji, 2004)
District, deposit
type, commodity
and project term
Contents of the survey
Results
Marrakech-Tekna
area, Marrac
Massive sulfide
Zn, Pb, Cu
2002-2004
IP 34.7 km, TEM 139

points, diamond drilling 2
holes 845. 9 m
Geological prospecting showed zones of high

chargeability and high magnetic anomaly and
zones of high gravity anomaly and high
magnetic anomaly. A drilling proved
stockworks of pyrrhotite and sphalerite in the
zone of high chargeability and high magnetic
anomaly.
Baoule-Banifing
area, Republic of
Mali
Orogenic gold
Au
2000-2003
Geochemical prospecting
270 points, geological
survey 45 km, pitting 3168
m, trenching 350 m, ARP
drilling 183 holes, 4640m
Six areas selected by geochemical Au anomaly

were pitted, resulting in discovery of two gold
mineralized areas. RAP drilling at Siriba-Sobara
area revealed a NW-trending mineralized zone,
100-350 m wide and 900 m long.
Hopa area, Turkey

Massive sulfide,
Zn, Pb, Cu
2002-2004
Geological survey 100 km,

diamond drilling 3 holes
1023.55m
Three mineralized sites were found in Tunca

area, although succeeding diamond drilling
found no mineralization.
Western Erdenet
area, Mongolia
Porphyry Copper
Cu, Mo, Au
2001-2003

578 soil and 91 rock
samples, IP 70.4 km,
2506.85 m
Geological and geochemical survey was

conducted to low magnetic anomaly zones.
Drilling was conducted to the areas selected by
geophysical prospecting in the anomaly zones.
Slight copper mineralization was discovered.

129
(Table 2 continued)
Altai area, China

Orthomagmatic
deposit
Cu, Ni
2003
Analysis of geophysical
prospecting data IP 488
points, TEM 127 points,
diamond drilling 1 hole
400m
Drilling aimed at the geophysically anomalous

zone did not confirm the ultramafic layer that
was expected.
East Java, Indonesia

Porphyry Copper,
Cu, Au
2001-2003
1447 points, geological
survey 350 km, IP 30.2 km,
1403 m
Geological and geochemical survey was

conducted in four areas and drilling was done
for the Prambon area and geophysical
prospecting was done for the Seweden and
Tempusari areas. Small-scale epithermal veins
were intersected in the Prambon area.
Viti Levu Island,

Fiji
Porphyry Copper,
Cu, Pb, Zn, Au
2002-2003
Water analysis 10 points,

fluvial sediment survey 895
points, climate survey
Backgroud data of fluvial sediments and climate

were collected.
Arcilia, Mexico
Massive sulfide
Zn, Pb, Au, Ag
2001-2003

geochemical prospecting 80
points, diamond drilling 6
holes 1465.5 m
Diamond drilling aimed at extension of the ore

horizon, but was not successful.
Jani-Pelechuco,
Bolivia
Porphyry Copper
Cu, Au
2002-2004
218 stream sediments and
502 soil sediments,
graphitizing degree 315
samples
Charazani, Aucapata and Tacacoma areas were

selected by geochemical prospecting.
JICA
JICA started a three-year project (2003-2005) entitled Study on strategic plan of
mineral resources development in the Islamic Republic of Mauritania. The purpose of the
project is to support strategic planning of mineral resources development for the Mauritania
government by construction of GIS-based mineral resource database and clarification of type
and occurrence of mineral resources in Mauritania. The project group consists of members
from the Mauritania Office for Geological Research, Mitsui Mineral Development
Engineering Co. Ltd. and the Geological Survey of Japan, AIST.
Geological Survey of Japan (GSJ), AIST
GSJ is responsible for the research part of the exploration of mineral resources. The
Mineral Resource Group of the Institute for Geo-Resources and Environment, GSJ,
conducted a wide range of research works related to mineral resources analysis, ore genesis,
and exploration methods for metal and non-metal resources, with the budget (15 million yen)
from AIST.
GSJ published two 1:5,000,000 mineral resources sheet map of Kyushu and
Chugoku-Shikoku in 2003 and 2004, respectively, and plans to publish Nanseishoto in
2005. With these maps, mineral resources maps will cover the whole Japanese islands. A
report on the occurrence and characteristics of construction materials in Chugoku and
Shikoku districts in western Japan was published in 2004. This report includes the result of
130
several tests for weathered granite and gravel as the alternatives for sea sand whose
exploitation is now prohibited in the Hiroshima and Okayama prefectures (Institute for GeoResources and Environment, 2004).
The Mineral Resource Group of the GSJ continued international research programs
such as Study on hydrothermal deposits and metallogeny of western Turkey (2001-2004)
with the General Directorate of Mineral Research and Exploration of Turkey, Global
mineral resources assessment project (2003-2007) with USGS and CCOP countries,
Cooperative study on the genesis and environmental utilization of clay minerals in Korea
and Japan (2001-2004) with Korean Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources, and
Study on strategic plan of mineral resources development in the Islamic Republic of
Mauritania (2003-2005) with Mauritanian Office for Geological Research. The group hosted
a Japan-Swiss scientific symposium entitled Spatial and temporal relationships between
deep magmatic, porphyry and epithermal environments, and significance for ore formation
processes in March 8-14, 2004, and a short course Porphyry Cu deposits for exploration
geologists of JOGMEC and private mining companies. The group is also going to set up
CASM, Community and Small Scale Mining of Asia, based in CCOP T/S in Bangkok in
2004 by financial support from the World Bank.
Activities by Japanese private mining sector
The domestic mineral exploration program by JOGMEC is going to finish this year.
No mineral exploration project by private mining companies was conducted in Japan. The
new exploration scheme Joint Basic Exploration Scheme in Developing Countries (JBES)
by JOGMEC started in Chile and Mongolia.
Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Ltd. completed the final feasibility study, and started
construction on the Pogo Gold Mine development project being carried out in Alaska in
partnership with Sumitomo Corporation and Teck Cominco Ltd. The target date for the
launch of mine operations is set for March 2006. The total capital expenditure is expected to
be approximately 280 million USD.
Pan Pacific Copper Co., Ltd., a joint venture between Nippon Mining and Metals Co.,
Ltd. and Mitsui Mining and Smelting Co., Ltd., agreed the gold and copper exploitation
project beneath the Padcal porphyry Cu Mine in the Philippines with Flex Mining
Corporation. The project aims to start production at the end of 2005.
Nittetsu Mining Co., Ltd. conducted most actively exploration overseas. The company
undertook a drilling program of 10 holes, total 3,192.55m, in Waisoi area in Fiji in 1993.
Most of drilling holes in Waisoi West and Waisoi East were angle holes, whereas most of
holes by previous companies were vertical. Several angle holes in this program indicated
higher results, and suggested possibility of significant improvement of copper and gold grade.
Nittetsu Mining carried out preliminary assessment of ore reserves and grade of Waisoi
deposits by using existing drilling data, and the result of 344.1 million tons with grade of
0.64% Cu (0.54%Cu, 0.19g/tAu) was obtained.
Nittetsu Mining has extracted promising areas by using data on the high-performance
sensor ASTER (Advanced Space-borne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer) and
has obtained many exploration concessions of 100 % share in northern Chile. Main
exploration areas in Chile are Furano, Kitami, Otaru, Sapporo-N, Odate, Oga, Nazu, Chousi,
and Copiapo. The results are listed in Table 3.
131
Table 3 Exploration projects in Chile by Nittetsu Mining Co. Ltd. in 2003 (Nittetsu web-site)
Target
Exploration
District
Results
commodity
activity
Furano
Cu, Au
RC drilling
survey
(13 holes,
3,704m).
Furano area, covering 282 km2, is located 15 km NW of Cerro

Colorado. 13 RC drilling programs, totaling 3,704 m, were carried
out in the western part of the project area, selected by geological
and geochemical surveys. Dominant Cu and Au mineralization
was found in some holes. A tourmaline breccia zone in silicified
andesite showed average copper grade of 0.9 % over the depth
from 110 m to 190 m in one hole. The ore body shows 40 m in
width, dipping 55N, and is expected to be 400 m continuation
from the distribution of surface mineral occurrences. About 20 Mt
of ore reserve was estimated above the depth of 300 m. In another
hole, drilled at ignimbrite-covered area, oxidized and corroded
tourmaline breccia and underlying chalcopyrite-disseminated
granite porphyry were observed. Secondary chalcocite was
recognized in the lower part of the tourmaline breccia.
Kitami
Pb, Zn, Cu,

Au
None
The concessions are sited about 15 to 25 km SW of the Cerro

Colorado in the Paleocene porphyry copper belt. The basement
composed of rhyolitic to andesitic volcanic rocks and granodiorite.
Galena and sphalerite veins are located in north vicinity of the
concession. Silicification and pyritization is recognized in andesite
lava and sedimentary rocks around granodiorite/diorite.
SapporoN
Cu, Au
Geological &
geochemical
surveys
(40 km2).
The concessions are located in the vicinity of the Quebrada Blanca

and Colahuasi district. The concession area consists of
sedimentary rocks and granodioritic-dioritic porphyry. In the
eastern part of the concessions, the sedimentary rocks are silicified
with mineralized hydrothermal breccia. Pseudomorphs of pyrite
and limonitic gossan are recognized. Hydrothermal breccia has
various metal content ranging barren to ore grade: the highest
analysis reaches >1.0 % Cu, 1000 ppb Au, 200 ppm Mo. In the
remaining part of the concessions, numerous occurrences of Cu
oxides and sulfides were found in sandstone. Cu content of
mineralized sandstone ranges up to 15 %.
Oga
Cu, Au
None
The concessions, sited about 20 km southeast of the Escondida,

overlies on a gently sloped desert filled with gravels. Based on the
lithology and distribution of float gravels, the geology is inferred
andesitic to dacitic lavas and granite to granodiorite to granite
porphyry. Andesitic to dacitic lavas and granite porphyry have
undergone propylitization. Granite is silicified and argillized partly
accompanied with potassic alteration. The alteration is zoned from
central silicification/weak argillization to marginal propylitization.
The granodiorite has not been altered. Geochemical anomalies of
Cu, Mo, and Au are detected. Iron oxides are recognized.

132
(Table 3 continued)
District
Target
commodity
Exploration
activity
Results
Zao
Cu, Au
None
The concessions are located between the Escondida and Salvador

mines. Rhyolitic tuff to tuff breccias, andesitic tuff to tuffaceous
sandstone and plagioclase porphyry to quartz porphyry are
distributed. Intrusives are silicified and argillized. In the northern
margin and southern part of the concession, the ground surface is
covered by several to 20m thick ignimbrite. Rhyolitic tuff and tuff
breccia indicate silicification and limonitization, without sulfide
minerals. Andesitic tuff and tuffaceous sandstones undergone
weak propylitic alteration, with quartz veins including iron oxides
after pyrite in cracks. In southeastern extension of the lineament
trending N40W, silicified breccia (30 to 50cm in width) exists with
barite, pyrite, galena and Cu oxides. Cu occurrences (copper
oxides in quartz veins) are confirmed at a test pit in the valley.
Nazu
Cu, Au
Geological &
geochemical
surveys, IP
and drilling
survey
The concessions are located in the late Eocene to Oligocene

porphyry copper belt. The area including this concession is
dominated by andesitic to dacitic lavas and tuff breccias. These
rocks have generally undergone strong propylitization with epidote
quartz veins. Several quartz veins and silicified zone (width
2~3m) are recognized in the eastern part of the concession.
Several silicification + argillization zones with 100 to 500m
diameter are recognized in the alteration zones extracted by the
ASTER image analysis, a part of which are accompanied with
rhyolitic stock in those centers. Test pits exist in the propylitization
zone of eastern part of the concession, which were exploited for
copper oxides precipitated at cracks in dacitic tuff breccias.
Silicification + argillization are recognized. Preliminary survey
detected geochemical anomalies of Cu and Mo.
Chousi
Cu, Au
None
The concessions are located about 10 km east of the Relincho. The

eastern part of this concession is dominated by propylitic andesitic
lavas and quartz porphyry. The western part of this concession is
dominated by diorite-quartz diorite, strongly silicified andesitic
rocks (or hydrothermal breccias) and silicified, or argillized
andesite to diorite rocks. Silicification and argillization are
extensively recognized in this concession. The preliminary survey
detected iron mineral occurrences resulting from hydrothermal
alteration. The geochemical survey detected weak anomalies of
Cu, Au and Mo etc.
A number of metal-mining companies in Japan are engaged in positive environmental

activities such as more recycling and improved industrial waste treatment. The environmental
sector is becoming increasingly considered as one of the core businesses in the industry.
Mitsubishi Materials Naoshima copper smelter and the local Kagawa government launched
Naoshima Eco-Town as a recycling facility for past illegally abandoned industrial waste
amounting to some 500,000 t. Also Mitsubishi Materials (20%), Hino Metal Industry Co., Ltd
(40%) and Wako Metal Industry Co., Ltd (40%) established a new recycling company to
focus on recycling metals such as gold, silver, copper, aluminum and glass.

133
References
-
Metal Mining Agency of Japan (2004) Report on the detailed geological survey in the
Hokusatsu-Aoki region in the fiscal year Heisei 14. 131p. (in Japanese).
Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (2004) Report on the regional geological
survey in the Hokusatsu-Kushikino region in the fiscal year Heisei 14. 122p. (in
Japanese).
Shoji, T. (2004) Exploration of mineral and energy resources in and by Japan from 2003
to 2004. Resource Geology, 54, 101-113 (in Japanese).
2. ENERGY PROGRAMME
2.1. Oil and Gas
Domestic Exploration
The main oil and gas fields exist in the basins of Niigata, Yamagata, Akita and
Hokkaido Regions in Japan. In FY 2003, two offshore reconnaissance boreholes (total depth
(TD); 2020m MSL and 2973m MSL) for Neogene sediments were undertaken by the Japan
National Oil Corporation (JNOC) southwest of the Sado Island. Though Drill Stem Test
(DST) was not carried out in the formations of Neogene age, oil and gas showings were
observed.
The Japan Petroleum Exploration Co. (JAPEX) and the Teikoku Oil Co. (TOC) drilled at
several sites, and the JAPEX found a new petroleum field at Naka-Ayukawa in the southern
part of Akita prefecture, where 94.4 KL/D of oil and 16.5 thousands m3/D of natural gases
were produced from green tuff layers of Middle Miocene between 1672 to 1845 meters
depth.
Overseas Exploration
Japanese companies are exploring for and exploiting oil and natural gas mainly in
Norway, UK, Africa, Caspian Sea, Southeastern Asia and Australia in addition to the Middle
East.
Joint companies including the Idemitsu Petroleum Norge Co. Ltd started oil
production at two new petroleum fields at the Fram and Vigdis fields in the North Sea in
October, 2003.
An appraisal well drilled by a subsidiary of Mitsubishi Trade Co. Ltd in cooporation
with Total Oil Co. Ltd off Gabon of Western Africa was transferred to a production well.
Two oil fields were drilled for confirmation of reservoirs and were transferred to
water injection wells in Angola by Mitsubishi Co. Ltd. in corporation with Total Co. Ltd.
INPEX, through its subsidiary, INPEX North Caspian Sea, Ltd. is conducting the
North Caspian Sea project with funding by INPEX, Japan National Oil Corporation, Japan
Petroleum Exploration Co., Ltd and Mitsubishi Corporation. In the Caspian Sea, INPEX
North Caspian Sea Co. Ltd., and other contracting companies of the North Caspian Sea
Production Sharing Agreement (PSA) have declared the commerciality of the Kashagan
discovery, in conjunction with KazMunaiGas (KMG) which represents the Government of
the Republic of Kazakhstan. DST of an appraisal well of Kashagan South-west-1 drilled
134
in 2003 brought 2100bbl/d production rate, and the contracting companies are currently
preparing a development plan for the Kashagan field, approved by the government of the
Republic of Kazakhstan in February 2004, in order to proceed with the activities in full
respect of the environmental sensitivities of the North Caspian Sea region.
Another
contracting companies will continue to explore other structures in the North Caspian Sea
contract area by drilling Kashagan South West (2003), Aktote (2003), and Kairan (2003), and
the DST of an appraisal well of Aktote-1 drilled in 2003 brought 1,550 bbl/d production
rate. The contracting companies involved in the North Caspian Sea PSA are BG (16.67%),
Eni (operating through Agip KCO with an interest of 16.67%), ExxonMobil (16.67%),
INPEX (8.33%), Phillips (8.33%), Shell (16.67%) and TotalFinaElf (16.67%).
Five exploration wells were drilled in Block-9 in Oman by the Mitsui Exploration and
Production Middle East Co. Ltd., which is a subsidiary of Mitsui Oil Development Co., Ltd.
Sakhalin Energy Co., Ltd., a joint venture among Mitsui Oil Development Co., Ltd., Royal
Dutch Shell Co., Ltd. and Mitubishi Co., Ltd., started production of oil and LNG at the Piltun
Astokhskoye (PA) oil field and the Lunskoye gas field in the Sea of Okhotsk, offshore
Sakhalin Island in the Russian Far East.
MOECO Thailand Co., Ltd., a subsidiary of Mitsui petroleum development Co.,Ltd.,
excavated four appraisal wells in 14 A, 15 A and 16 A provinces off Thailand, and another
subsidiary of the Mitsui petroleum development Co., Ltd., the MOECO Southwest Vietnam
Co., Ltd., excavated four appraisal wells (AQ-6X, AQ-7X, CV-4X, TH-1X) on the
Vietnamese Block52/97.
In November 2003, supported mainly by Nippon Oil Exploration Co.,Ltd, the
Teikoku Oil Co., Ltd. started to export LNG at the Helang gas field of Sarawak in Malaysia.
The approximate daily production rate of the Helang Gas Field will peak at 250mm cfd of gas
and 10,000bbl/day of condensate.
In the USA, MOEX USA Co.Ltd., a subsidiary of Mitsui Oil Development Co., Ltd.,
succeeded in finding oil at an exploration well (La Playa Deep) in Texas.
Scientific Research Activities of AIST
Since FY 2000, AIST has undertaken three research projects on:
1. Hydrocarbon potential originated from coal
2. Genesis and formation of a natural gas reservoir
In the first project, GSJ/AIST and Japan Energy Co., Ltd. jointly reevaluated the
hydrocarbon potential in the Cretaceous and Paleogene sediment formations offshore of the
Sanriku region. The hydrocarbon potential of the onshore coal beds of the same age was
preliminary analyzed from the viewpoint of organic geochemistry and coal characteristics.
In the second project, natural gas, condensate and crude oil from green tuff in a
representative oil and gas area and sediments of a hydrocarbon deposit were analyzed for
stable isotopes to determine the organic geochemical factors. The result of the study
elucidated that these factors were derived from biological materials (kerogen). It also showed
that natural gas from lower beds is thermogenic, while the archaeal contribution becomes
larger in natural gas from upper beds. Various kinds of analyses of gas from water-dissolved
natural gas fields and associated water in the southern Kanto region and Niigata Prefecture
indicated that the methane was formed through CO2 reduction.
135
2.2. Coal
Summary
Identified reserves of coal resources in Japan were estimated about a trillion tons
(including lignite) by the 2002 World Energy Congress. But economically and technically
recoverable coal reserves were assumed to be .77 trillion tons. Major coalfields are located in
Hokkaido and Kyushu. Private coal mining companies had been producing all the domestic
coal.
Coalification occurred mainly during the Tertiary period. Coal seams accompany
numerous faults, folding and partings due to intensive tectonic movements during the
coalification period. Therefore, there is bituminous coal in Japan. In spite of younger
depositional ages, there is sub-bituminous coal and small amounts of anthracite.
However, underground coal mining operations in Japan need much more advanced
technology than open-pit coal mines. Underground coal production faced difficulties of
exploitation in deep tunnels and long transportation distances from the working face to the
mine mouth. The mining depth has become increasingly deeper and has reached more than
800 m. Also, large volumes of water and methane are characteristics of coal mines in Japan.
Methane gas production in coal mines reached 9.6 million cubic meters in 1999.
Therefore, Taiheiyo Coal Mine in Kushiro, Hokkaido, which had been the last large
coal mine in Japan, stopped commercial production of coal in January 2002, though coal
demand in Japan is more than 140 million tons. Now the coal mine works as a technical
training mine and producing 700 thousand tons of coal a year owned by Kushiro City.
Scientific Research Activities for Coal of AIST
Major research activities of AIST for coal are on material science and depositional
environment of coal. Analyzing coal properties controlled in the sedimentary environment is
important for strategic coal exploration and utilization. Now new research work on the
technology for CO2 sequestration within a coal seam was started since 2002 on a national
scale. AIST is preparing for a new project on site surveys to evaluate the best place for CO2
sequestration with coal seams. Their data on coal geology should contribute to these projects.
Other research works of AIST related with coal are coal petrography and geochemical studies
for oil originated from coal.
Through international cooperation, AIST intends to extend these research subjects to
East and Southeast Asia countries having high potential for coal.
JICA, Japan International Cooperation Agency, executed a three-month grouptraining course of coal mine technology in 2003 with the cooperation of Kyushu University
and AIST. Overseas participants, including CCOP Member Countries, successfully learned
the Japanese way of coal mining technology and coal mine safety technology during the
course.

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2.3. Geothermal Energy

Summary
Geothermal energy is domestically available, and also contributes to the protection of
the environment on a global scale. The Japanese islands are situated on the volcanic belt that
encircles the Pacific Ocean, containing many potential geothermal fields associated with
Quaternary volcanoes. Some of them have been exploited for electric power generation and
direct heat supply. Currently, eighteen geothermal power stations are operating with a total
capacity of 548.9 MWe, and produced 3,467 GWh in 2002. Japan is the sixth most abundant
in total geothermal power generation capacity in the world. As for direct use, Japan has a
much greater use for hot-spring bathing than uses for space heating, agriculture, aquaculture,
snow melting, tourism, stockbreeding and other industries. The installed capacity excluding
hot-spring bathing amounted to 407.32 MWt in 2002.
Technological Development
Hijiori HDR (Hot Dry Rock) project was one of the famous HDR development
programs. NEDO (New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization)
carried out this domestic HDR project from 1985 to 2002. Although the Hijiori project
successfully reached to the final long-term circulation test, conducted from 2000 to 2002,
development of HDR in Japan ceased. A review program was started just after the final
experiment at Hijiori site to summarize and to discuss the wealth of data from the Hijiori
project for the future. NEDO terminated Hijiori project at the end of FY2002. From a
technical point of view, GSJ/AIST had supported these projects. GSJ/AIST continues to
categorize and summarize HDR technology under support of NEDO in FY 2002. GSJ/AIST
also continues the development of technology for reservoir mass and heat flow
characterization using their budget. The purpose of this research is to characterize and
forecast the mass and heat flows which occur in geothermal reservoirs during production
through reservoir monitoring such as gravity, resistivity, self-potential (SP), seismic velocity
etc. In collaboration with private geothermal companies, GSJ/AIST uses multiple geophysical
survey techniques to monitor the field-wide shut-ins (usually associated with regularlyscheduled power station maintenance) in the operating Yanaizu-Nishiyama and Ogiri
geothermal fields in Japan. In April 2003, the production rate was substantially reduced for
Ogiri power station maintenance. Short-term changes in SP and gravity were observed
associated with this field-wide flow rate change. History-matching studies using these data
are being carried out, supported by various reservoir engineering data.
Geothermal Energy Exploration and Development
NEDO has been undertaking a Geothermal Development Promotion Survey since
1980. The purpose of this project is to encourage private sectors to develop geothermal
power plants by reducing cost, risk, and lead-time for development. More than 40 areas have
been surveyed at this moment. NEDO is also carrying out more detailed surveys to accelerate
construction of power stations by private companies. In FY 2003, this survey was carried out
at one area; Kirishima-Eboshi-dake (Kagoshima Prefecture). Under this scheme, NEDO has
started Middle to Small Scale Geothermal Development Promotion Survey from FY 2003.

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Scientific Research Activities for Geothermal Exploration of GSJ/AIST

Digital geothermal resource maps on a scale of 1:500,000 for Tohoku and Kyushu
areas were published as a CD-ROM version in 2002. More quantitative resource maps using
GIS have been investigated for the systematic presentation of integrated data including
unexploited resources. In order to optimize the utilization of underground low-enthalpy heat
at a relatively shallow depth, a study for estimation of underground water flow has been
conducted in GSJ/AIST. In this study, Nobi and Sendai Plains have been selected as model
fields, where temperature logging, geological survey and model construction have been done.
Regarding the DCGM-IV geothermal database that terminated in March 2004, the
results will be published in a special issue of CCOP Technical Bulletin and CD-ROM in
2005.
The new IEA Geothermal Implementing Agreement (GIA) was effective in March
1997 as international cooperation in geothermal R/D. As part of GIA, three projects were
started: Environmental Impacts of Geothermal Energy Development led by New Zealand
(Annex I, Operating Agent - IGNS); Hot Dry Rock (Annex III); and Deep Geothermal
Resources (Annex IV, first led by Japan and now by Germany). One project, Advanced
Geothermal Drilling Techniques was started in 2001. Four other projects are still under
discussion among members: Sustainability (Annex V), Geothermal Power Generation Cycles
(Annex VI), Direct Use of Geothermal Energy (Annex VIII), and Geothermal Market
Acceleration (Annex IX). GSJ/AIST is working on the Annex III - Hot Dry Rock. The final
objective of this subtask is to understand how much, how fast and how long geothermal
energy can be extracted from a HDR reservoir system. This subtask will make clear what
kind of methods, techniques and tools are effective for reservoir evaluation, and finally will
establish the evaluation method that can be applied to develop a new HDR site. In order to
collect the data from researchers, the Internet is used for convenience in replying to the
questionnaire. Because the results of the questionnaire were insufficient in both quantity and
quality, the subtask of Annex III will focus on the Japanese HDR project.
2.4. Gas Hydrate
Overview
Since FY 2000, GSJ/AIST has undertaken projects on methane hydrate. In this, a study
on basic genesis and exploration of methane hydrate was carried out mainly in accretionary
prisms in the eastern part of the Nankai Trough. A 2D/3D seismic reflection survey,
subsurface profile survey, as well as direct observation of the sea bottom were undertaken by
Shinkai 2000 and Shinkai 6500 submersibles of JAMSTEC. These studies have contributed
to the evaluation of the methane hydrate resources potential in Japan. In addition to these
surveys, AIST attended the resource evaluation program of Arctic onshore hydrate in the
Mackenzie Delta, cooperated with JNOC, USGS and the Geological Survey of Canada. As a
part of the methane hydrate research, AIST has started the development of a numerical
simulator to estimate the methane hydrates dissociation behavior in sediment layers and gas
production behavior through production process at a field scale since FY 2001. The research
is necessary to evaluate the methane hydrate deposit and examine the feasibility of hydrate
exploitation.
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Scientific Research Activities

MH21 (Research Consortium for Methane Hydrate Resources in Japan), which
consists of JOGMEC, AIST, ENAA, and many organizations of industry and science, has
been conducting a long term R/D program of methane hydrate development as a fuel resource
since 2001. JOGMEC, in collaboration with AIST and other consortium members,
conducted a systematic drilling campaign of methane hydrate exploration in the eastern
Nankai Trough with the drill ship JOIDES Resolution from January to May 2004. Sixteen
wells were drilled to collect core samples from methane hydrate bearing formations for
physical properties, gas compositions, and reservoir characteristics. The distribution and
geologic occurrences of methane hydrate are being examined by means of well logging and
frequent coring. For the core samples, AIST conducted radiotracer experiments in
collaboration with Cardiff University to determine the rate of methanogenesis. To investigate
how microbial methane accumulates and forms the hydrates, AIST measured various
sediment samples for specific lipids (pentamethylicosane and hydroxyarchaeol) to show their
validity as biomarkers of methanogens, and further applied the method to deep marine
sediments inside the hydrate zone from eastern Nankai Trough to show evidence for the
presence of living methanogens. AIST also conducted culture experiments of methanogens
to investigate how the isotopic composition of microbial methane depends on the
environmental conditions, e.g., temperature and hydrogen partial pressure.
For the development of a numerical simulator, a newly developed subroutine were
integrated into an existing simulator (FEHM) and sensitivity analyses were conducted, while
adjusting physical properties of the methane hydrate. In the sensitivity analysis, the relative
permeability and capillary pressure of MH reservoir was examined in the case of pressurerelease method. Also, post-processor was made to show the simulated results. The calculation
module, part of a numerical simulator, has been developed to predict and evaluate the
deformation of methane hydrate (hereafter abbreviated as MH) strata accurately. To improve
the present calculation module, mechanical behavior, pore water flow and heat transfer that
affect the consolidation progress in MH strata have been formulated on the bases of the
balance equation, the equation of continuity and the energy conservation law
correspondingly. Laboratory experiments on the mechanical properties of MH strata have
been carried out using synthetic MH sediments to validate the accuracy of simulation by the
calculation module under development. In order to obtain fundamental data for the evaluation
of permeability in porous media with gas hydrates, a series of experimental and analytical
studies had been carried out. An experiment for the visualization of porous media flow with
gas-water phases was conducted to observe the multiphase flow behavior in hydrate
reservoirs. Important parameters of relative permeability were clarified by the experiment of
permeability measurement using an apparatus specially designed and made for multi-phase
flow conditions in a sand column. Based on the experimental results, some principal
equations for evaluating relative permeability had been formulated.
Overview
Groundwater is not easily observed from the land surface, but it is one of the essential
elements of the global water cycle. Because of its economic importance as fresh water,
groundwater is still widely used for drinking, agricultural and industrial purposes in Japan.
Excessive groundwater pumping together with rapid urban development has caused several
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undesirable groundwater problems, such as groundwater pollution, land subsidence and

seawater intrusion. Recently snow-melting chemicals are newly recognized as pollutants that
put much sodium and chloride into the aquifers distributed especially in north and northeast
Japan.
Activity of GSJ/AIST
In order to adequately address groundwater problems and to preserve it both in terms
of quantity and quality, basic studies are required. The Water Environment Research Group
of GSJ/AIST is now carrying out the study of urban hydrology in some major cities of Japan.
The recharge and discharge regions of water flow systems are investigated and characterized
through chemical and isotope measurements and continuous monitoring of water table and
water temperature at observation wells. Water chemistry, 2H, 18O, 14C, tritium
measurements and simulation techniques will be applied in this study.
Hydrogeological mapping is important for supplying information about geology and
water conditions to local governments and residents. The first water environmental map,
entitled Sendai Plain at a scale of 1:200,000, was published in CD-ROM in early 2004,
which will be followed by a series of digital water environmental maps covering major plains
and basins in Japan.
International activity of GSJ/AIST
GSJ/AIST is now executing the project titled Modeling of Water Balance,
Circulation, and Utilization of Groundwater in the Yellow River Basin which is the joint
work of GSJ/AIST and the China Geological Survey. The study area of this project covers
nine provinces in the catchment area of the Yellow River. GSJ/AIST is responsible for
analysis of chemical components and stable isotopes of water samples and compiling profiles
of underground temperature. These data and the groundwater table change monitored by the
Chinese counterpart are used for development of a groundwater circulation model.
4. COASTAL ZONE POGRAMME
4.1. Summary
Systematic coastal zone survey and resources management programs in Japan are
being carried out mainly by three national organizations, i.e. the Geographical Survey
Institute (GSI) of Japan, the Hydrographic and Oceanographic Department, Japan Coast
Guard (JHOD), and the Geological Survey of Japan/AIST. Other major contributions to the
scientific knowledge of the coastal and offshore regions are also being made through the
research activities conducted by academic researchers/groups of Japan. Here, recent and
ongoing activities conducted by the three above-mentioned national organizations are
summarized.

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Activity of the Geographical Survey Institute of Japan (GSI)

< http://www.gsi.go.jp/ENGLISH/index.html >
The GSI is the only national organization under the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure
and Transport, conducting basic survey and mapping of the land and the shallow waters
adjacent to the coastal region of Japan. Its main mandates are as follows;
1. Survey administration based on the Survey Act
2. Implementation of survey works mainly comprising basic surveys
3. Research and development of survey and mapping
4. International cooperation for survey and mapping
The GSI is also a leading institute acting as the clearinghouse for Geographic
Information in Japan. Most of the metadata of Japanese geographic information can be search
and retrieved through the portal site run by the GSI. <http://zgate.gsi.go.jp/ch/jmp20/
jmp20_eng.html> At the moment, however, only the Japanese version of the search engine
is available. <http://zgate.gsi.go.jp/ >
GSIs other international activities whose information is useful for CCOP Member
Countries are:
(1) Global Mapping project
(http://www1.gsi.go.jp/geowww/globalmap-gsi/iscgm-sec/index.html),
(2) Permanent Committee on GIS Infrastructure for Asia & The Pacific
(http://www.gsi.go.jp/PCGIAP/) and
(3) International Training
(http://www.gsi.go.jp/ENGLISH/training/i-training.html).
Activity of the Hydrographic and Oceanographic Department, Japan Coast Guard
(JHOD) <http://www1.kaiho.mlit.go.jp/jhd-E.html>
JHOD is also a national organization under the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and
Transport. Since it was established in 1871, the JHOD has been engaged in carrying out
various marine surveys and observations, including hydrographic, oceanographic, geodetic,
and astronomical surveys and observations. One of the main objectives of the JHOD is the
compilation and maintenance of the basic maps of the sea around Japan. The basic maps of
the sea, consisting of a bathymetric map and a geological structure map, are published at the
scales of 1:10,000 (selected coastal regions; completed program) and 1:50,000 (all coastal
regions of Japan). These data and information are made available through the Japan
Oceanographic Data Center (JODC: <http://www.jodc.go.jp/>).
Activity of the Geological Survey of Japan/AIST (GSJ/AIST)
<http://www.gsj.jp/HomePage.html>
The GSJ/AIST covers marine sciences including geological and environmental
studies and a wide range of marine-related technologies, such as utilization of marine spaces,
development of marine resources, environmental mitigation, and protection against natural
disasters etc. In May, 2004, the former Institute for Marine Resources and Environment/AIST
and Institute of Geosciences/AIST have been merged into the new Institute of Geology and
Geoinformation. <http://unit.aist.go.jp/igg/en/>
Some of the activities related to coastal management are detailed below;
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a. Geological Mapping of the Coastal Zone of Japan

Objectives of this ongoing program (FY 2000-2006) are compilation and preparation
of marine geological and geophysical data around northern Japan, and marine geological
maps at 1:200,000 scale are being published (see Figure 1). In 2003, a geological and
geophysical cruise (GH03) was carried out in the off-shore Hokkaido region.
Figure 1. Published or planned areas of the coastal geological maps
b. Global Marine Environmental Change RG

Its objective is to better understand the relationship between the biogeochemical cycle
and climatic changes at regional and global scale.
By analyzing the geochemical parameters, including organic carbon, carbonate, heavy
metals and stable isotopes of carbonate, and the assemblage of microfossils, it is possible to
reconstruct the paleo-environments and understand the biogeochemical processes in the
ocean. Also for the detailed reconstruction of marine environments in the low latitude, stable
isotopes and heavy metal contents in coral skeletons have been analyzed to understand the
fluctuation of seawater temperature, salinity and the level of pollution by human activity. In
addition, modeling studies for biogeochemical cycle have been carried out at a global scale to
understand the large fluctuation of partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere
during the glacial/interglacial cycles.

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c. Coastal Geology and Environment RG (formerly Coastal Environment RG)

Its objective is to contribute to sustainable development and environmental protection
of the coastal areas around Japan and also in Asia and the Pacific by applying geoscientific
methods. In order to fulfill this objective, this group is studying development of a coastal
environment information database, development of survey and monitoring techniques and
establishment of methods for evaluation of coastal environment, etc.
4.2. International cooperation
Deltaic research program
The Geological Survey of Japan/AIST has been conducting coastal research programs
in Southeast and East Asia regions, with the focus on deltas since 1996.
An International Geological Meeting on Stratigraphy and Deltas of Quaternary
Systems in Vietnam was held in Hanoi, Vietnam on February 12-14, 2004, to report the result
of the joint research program on Deltas in Vietnam, which was conducted between the
Department of Geology and Minerals of Vietnam (DGMV) and GSJ/AIST during 2001-2003.
The proceedings of the meeting was published by DGMV in Febuary, 2004.
A new joint program on Geological and sedimentological study of lowlands in
Cambodia between the GSJ/AIST and General Department of Mineral Resources (GDMR)
of Cambodia has been conducted from January 2004 and will last for 3 years. Thirty meters
of drilling was completed near Phnom Penh in March 2004 and the next drilling is planned in
March 2005. As part of this joint program, a seismic survey in the Mekong River in
Cambodia is planned with the Department of Mineral Resources (DMR) of Thailand. The
first business meeting was held in February in Tsukuba with participation from GDMR and
DMR. The field survey depends on funds being available in near future.
Related to the delta research program, two international programs are being
conducted. The first is International Geoscience Program (IGCP)-475, entitled "Deltas in the
Monsoon Asia-Pacific Region (DeltaMAP): Late Quaternary Development and Recent
Changes Due to Natural and Human Influences" headed by Dr. Steven Goodbred (USA) and
Dr. Yoshiki Saito (GSJ/AIST), running for 5 years from 2003 to 2007. The projects overall
aim is to assemble a collective knowledge of river-delta systems in the Monsoon Asia-Pacific
(MAP) region, with the intent for capacity building and advancing basic research in
developing nations. The first annual meeting was held in Bangkok and Ayutthaya, Thailand
on January 16-20, 2004 with approximately 60 participants from more than 15 countries. The
second meeting is to be held in Ho Chi Minh city, Vietnam on January 10-16, 2005, in
conjunction with APN project Mega-deltas of Asia (PI is Prof. Chen Zhongyuan) and
CCOP project DelSEA (Leader, Yoshiki Saito). Please visit the web page
<http://unit.aist.go.jp/igg/rg/coast-rg/ADP.html> or please contact Dr. Yoshiki Saito
<yoshiki.saito@aist.go.jp> for more information. The second is the new CCOP project
Integrated Geological Assessment for Deltas in Southeast and East Asia region (DelSEA)
(2004-2008). An annual meeting of the project is organized jointly with the DeltaMAP
project.

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5.1. East Asian Geological Hazard Map
The printed version of the Geological Hazard Map of East and South East Asia was
published in March 2002 (Kato, et.al, 2002). The maps include volcanic, earthquake, tsunami
and landslide hazards. The maps show the historical occurrences of the different geological
hazards in the region. Because of the physical limitation of the maps in paper format, not all
important geological hazard information can be shown on the maps. Consequently, the
production of the digital interactive version of the maps was started in the later part of 2002.
The first English version of the Interactive Geological Hazard Map of East and
Southeast Asia in CD-ROM was published in April 2003. The first Japanese version of the
same CD-ROM was published in April 2004. The CD-ROM can be used under the Microsoft
Windows operating system. The latest versions of the CD-ROMs in English and Japanese
versions that can run under the Microsoft Windows and Macintosh operating systems will be
published this fiscal year.
The interactive map is run by Geo-Hazard View, the GIS software developed by the
Asian Geo-information Research Group, Geological Survey of Japan, AIST. The main
purpose of this software is to readily provide information about geological hazards to a wide
range of users. The software provides a good alternative to viewing geological hazard maps
and related information in paper format. It incorporates spatial and a-spatial data that
interactively present the time, locations, and the areas affected by the occurrence of
geological hazards as well as related information. Queries on particular hazard information
such as the number of casualties, magnitude and location of earthquake epicenters, and names
and locations of volcanoes that erupted in a particular year can be easily made. Simulations of
such particular geological events as the spread of volcanic ash during major volcanic
eruptions also can be easily shown. Pictures and satellite images of volcanoes can also be
viewed using the software.
5.2. Volcanic Eruptions
The GSJ/AIST is studying volcanic activities, and magmatic activities from multidisciplinary viewpoints. The eruptive histories of active volcanoes, for example, Azuma, NE
Japan, and Kuchinoerabu-jima, Kyushu, have been revealed quantitatively with radiometric
dating techniques and geological mapping. Mapping programs with a lot of trench surveys
have been carried out in Fuji volcano. The internal structures of selected active volcanoes are
surveyed from the surface using geophysical explorations. Magma generation, the variation
of magma, the magma plumbing system, eruption type, and de-gassing processes have been
studied by developing geophysical, petrological, and geochemical techniques.
Volcanological maps of Miyakejima, and Iwate volcanoes, are in press. Quadrangle
geological maps (1:50,000) including Quaternary volcanoes such as Kaimondake, Kyoushu,
Kurohime and Iizuna, Central Japan, and Numazawa and Hakkoda, NE Japan, have either
been published or are in press. The data base of satellite images of selected active volcanoes
in the world has been opened on the web site.
The cooperation project on volcanoes jointly with the Directorate of Volcanology and
Geologic Hazard Mitigation, Indonesia is presently being conducted. An interdisciplinary
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drilling research project called USDP (Unzen Scientific Drilling Projects), which is carried
out by GSJ/AIST and several other Japanese research institutes including the Earthquake
Research Institute of the Univ. of Tokyo, has succeeded in reaching the vent of the 1990-95
eruption.
Assessment of volcanic activity is carried out using ground deformation, thermal or
volcanic gas monitoring, and analyses of eruptive materials. Because Miyakejima volcano is
still degassing at the rate of 3-10 k ton/day, the GSJ/AIST continues monitoring SO2
emission rate by COSPEC and measuring plume gas composition, monitoring ground water,
and periodically observing the volcanic plume and topography from helicopter.
5.3. Earthquake related studies
Japanese earthquake research is coordinated by the Headquarters for Earthquake
Research Promotion (HQERP), a special organization attached to the Ministry of Education,
Culture, Sports, Science and Technology. Major research organizations under the
headquarters are JMA, Geographical Survey Institute (GSI), GSJ/AIST, National Research
Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Prevention (NIED), Hydrographic and
Oceanographic Department of Japan Coast Guard (HOD/JCG), and various universities.
GSJ/AIST plays an important role in various earthquake research fields, and its recent major
activities are briefly introduced below.
Below is the list of earthquakes with a magnitude equal to or more than 6.0 on Japan
Meteorological Agency (JMA) scale from August 2003 to the end of September 2004 in and
around Japan.
# Near Vladivostok (Russia)
M 6.2 on September 1, 2003
# SE off Tokachi (southeastern Hokkaido)
M 8.0 on Sep. 26, 2003 with seven aftershocks with a magnitude 6.0
# NW off Amami-Oshima Island (Nansei Islands)
M 6.0 on September 28, 2003
# SE off Etorofu (Itrup) Island (Chishima (Kuril) Islands)
M 6.0 on October 29, 2003
# East off Fukushima Prefecture (eastern Honshu)
M 6.8 on Oct. 31, 2003 with an M 6.2 aftershock on Nov. 1, 2003
# South off Tokaido (Pacific coast of central Honshu)
M 6.5 on November 12, 2003
# Near Chichijima Island (Ogasawara Islands)
M 6.4 on November 12, 2003
# SE off Taiwan
M 6.6 on December 10, 2003
# West off Okinawa Island
M 6.0 on December 24, 2003
# SE off Taiwan
M 6.1 on May 19, 2004
# SE off Boso Peninsula south of Tokyo
M 6.7 on May 30, 2004
# Near Okinawa Island
M 6.1 on July 22, 2004
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# SE off Kii Peninsula (central Honshu)

M 6.9 on Sep. 5, 2004 (a foreshock of the following M 7.4 earthquake)
# SE off Kii Peninsula (central Honshu)
M 7.4 on Sep. 5, 2004 with M 6.4 and M 6.5 aftershocks on Sep. 7 and 8, 2004,
respectively
Among the above earthquakes, the Tokachi-oki earthquake on September 26, 2003,
was the most hazardous. The earthquake was produced by an approximately 120100 km2
rupture on the interface between the subducting Pacific plate and the landward plate. This
plate-boundary earthquake registered a maximum seismic intensity of 6 weak on JMA scale.
It caused two missing people, 849 injuries, and 116 severely damaged houses. Oil storage
tanks were also damaged by long-period ground motion, and a fire broke out from two of the
damaged tanks. Tsunamis of 1 to 4 m high hit the Pacific coast of Hokkaido and northern
Tohoku.
The contiguous M 6.9 and M 7.4 earthquakes on September 5, 2004, occurred close to
the axis of the Nankai Trough where the Philippine Sea plate is subducting beneath the
landward plate. The two earthquakes registered a maximum seismic intensity of 5 weak on
JMA scale. These earthquakes are considered, based on their focal mechanisms, to be
intraplate earthquakes within the subducting Philippine Sea plate. Tsunamis less than 1 m
high hit the Izu Islands and the Pacific coast of central Honshu and Shikoku.
i) Active Fault Studies
The Active Fault Research Center (AFRC) was launched in April 2001 as one of the
major research units of the new GSJ/AIST. The AFRC is one of the responsible organizations
for active fault studies in Japan under HQERP. AFRC is making efforts to provide innovative
and reliable scientific results to help reduce losses from future earthquakes and tsunamis.
AFRC published the third Annual Report on Active Fault and Paleoearthquake
Research in November 2003 to present research results of the 2002 fiscal year. It includes the
results of geological studies on seven active fault systems, namely the Kuromatsunai,
Nagamachi-Rifu, Ochigata, Ushikubi, Sakaitoge, Kiso-sanmyaku-seien and Uemachi fault
systems. The first examination on composition and structure of the active fault database of
AFRC is introduced in the report. Three papers on paleotsunamis including the 17th century
event along the eastern coast of Hokkaido are also reported for tsunami and earthquake
hazard assessment in the region.
The 1944 surface ruptures and slip distribution along the North Anatolian fault system
in Turkey is reported as the fruit of international cooperation with the General Directorate of
Mineral Research and Exploration of Turkey. The study on surface deformation and related
damage during the 2001 Central Kunlun earthquake (Mw7.8) also appears in this publication
as the fruit of international cooperation with Chinese geological institutions. AFRC also
conducted reconnaissance surveys for the 2003 Tokachi-oki earthquake and Bam earthquake
that occurred on December 26, 2003, in southeast Iran in cooperation with various domestic
and foreign research institutes and universities.
ii) Earthquake seismology
As the evaluation for the occurrence of the next large inland earthquake is basically
based on statistical method, the estimated time contains uncertainty of an order of 100 years.
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To improve this situation, research projects are being continued to clarify structures and
dynamic processes of deeper parts of active faults as follows:
(1) A comprehensive joint research project on the modeling of the slip process of
earthquake source faults and plastic flow below the seismogenic region was finished during
the last fiscal year. The research project consisted of closely integrated research of geological
and geophysical field observations, laboratory experiments and modeling. The project has
clarified possible parameters, such as geometry, visco-elastic parameters of the localized
shear zone of the deeper parts of the fault and so on, controlling an earthquake cycle of inland
active faults.
(2) A new research project has been started to develop a methodology to observe the
parameters controlling an earthquake cycle and stress field in the deeper parts of active faults.
The Atotsugawa fault and the Itoigawa-Shizuoka tectonic line, central Japan, are chosen as
test fields for the project. Seismological observations for detecting natural earthquakes along
active faults are performed to determine the focal mechanisms of ultra-micro earthquakes,
dense distributions of S-wave anisotropies and fine velocity structures around the active
faults, based on new techniques. These studies are likely to clarify characteristic phenomena
related with aseismic slip in the deep extensions of the faults and with fault segmentations. A
new method to inexpensively measure stress orientations using a shallow borehole is also
developed to evaluate stress fields around active faults. High temperature and high pressure
rock experiments to link observable parameters, such as seismic velocities and electrical
conductivity, with rock material and the stress state in the deeper parts of active faults were
also conducted.
iii) Groundwater Monitoring for Earthquake Prediction
GSJ/AIST has a network composed of about 40 groundwater observation stations in
and around the Tokai and Kansai areas, which is one of the most well-equipped groundwater
observation networks for earthquake prediction research in the world. The data can be
accessed from http://gxwell.aist.go.jp/GSJ_E/. In 2003, based on the pre-slip models of the
impending Tokai Earthquake proposed by the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA), which is
responsible for the prediction of the Tokai earthquake, we calculated the pre-seismic
groundwater level changes in our network on the assumption that groundwater level changes
should be proportional to crustal strain changes. We also evaluated the detectability of the
pre-slip and found that some strain-sensitive wells in our network have enough ability to
detect the pre-slip. It will help to make more accurate forecast of the Tokai earthquake. In
April 2004, earthquake swarms again occurred off the east coast of the Izu Peninsula, Japan,
and we again detected the pre-seismic groundwater level changes near the seismic region
together with crustal strain changes. It is five times that we have detected such pre-seismic
groundwater level changes since 1995. These changes are quantitatively explained by preseismic crustal strain changes caused by a magmatic dike intrusion which is a possible source
of the earthquake swarms. It also shows the assumption mentioned above is suitable for this
case.
The slow crustal movement, which is considered to be caused by aseismic slow slip
on the plate boundary in and around the Tokai region, began in March 2001 and is still
continuing. The event may be a kind of precursor of the next Tokai earthquake in the near
future, and more intensive monitoring of crustal activity is needed. The groundwater
observation network of GSJ/AIST, together with other observation networks is now really
expected to detect various precursory phenomena of the Tokai Earthquake.
147

Nuclear Waste Disposal
Methods of disposing high-level radioactive waste have been studied by international
organizations of IAEA and OECD/NEA as well as by many countries around the world.
There is an international consensus that, of all methods, geological disposal is the most
scientifically and practically feasible with the least problems. The basic policy of the
Japanese Government on the disposal of high-level radioactive waste is to solidify it in a
stable form (vitrified waste), followed by storage for cooling for 30-50 years and disposal in
geological formations at deeper than 300 meters underground.
The Specified Radioactive Waste Final Disposal Act was enacted in June 2000 to
ensure systematic and reliable disposal of high-level radioactive waste. The selection of a
disposal site is made through a process of three steps: 1) selection of preliminary
investigation areas, 2) selection of detailed investigation areas and 3) selection of a site for
construction of final disposal facilities. At each step, the items of investigation and
assessment are clearly stipulated by the Act.
Research and development on high-level radioactive waste disposal has been carried
out in several research institutes in the public and private sectors. GSJ/AIST, Japan Atomic
Energy Research Institute (JAERI), Japan Nuclear Cycle Development Institute (JNC) and
Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry (CRIEPI) are engaged in research and
development aiming at improving the reliability of geological disposal technology and
developing advanced methods on safety assessment. JNC is constructing two underground
laboratories, one at a granitic rock site and the other at a sedimentary rock site. On the other
hand, the Nuclear Waste Management Organization of Japan (NUMO) is developing
technology for reducing costs and improving efficiency of the disposal operation. Research
and development necessary for the disposal implementation technology is funded by the
Agency for Natural Resources and Energy (ANRE), while that for safety regulation is funded
by the Nuclear and Industrial Safety Agency (NISA).
The Institute for Geo-Resources and Environment (GREEN/GSJ/AIST) studies
methods for assessing uncertainties in geo-environmental data and models, mainly with
funding by ANRE and NUMO. These methods will be reflected in developing geoenvironmental site models and long-term behavior scenarios for safety assessment. They
investigate groundwater behavior along the saltwater-fresh water interface, tectonic stress
variation with depth and long-term stability of access tunnels. Results of these studies will be
important for assessing and designing candidate sites. They also develop a long-term
monitoring system for an engineering barrier.
The Research Center for Deep Geological Environments (RCDGE/GSJ/AIST) carries
out research focusing on deep geological environments with respect to a safety assessment
for a geological disposal of radioactive wastes with funding by NISA. Because the Japanese
Islands are located along plate margins, earthquakes and volcanic eruptions often occur.
Areas with high possibilities of volcanic activity and fault movements should be excluded
from the emplacement of the disposal. It is also required to evaluate a long-term effect by
these phenomena on the geological environments. Groundwater flows slowly through the
mineral interstices and rock fractures in the deep underground where the disposal is
envisaged. For the safety assessment of the geological disposal, these groundwater properties
148
and movements with relating chemical processes must be clarified. A long-term assessment
of fluctuating geological phenomena such as the volcanic eruptions and earthquakes, and the
evaluations of the isolating performance of the natural barrier for the radionuclides are being
carried out as research for the safety assessment of geological disposal. The geological
environments in Japan must be given much more attention than in the other nations with
nuclear power plants because the geological disposal of the radioactive wastes may suffer
from active tectonic movements. RCDGE/GSJ/AIST also carries out research on the longterm evaluation of designated sites geological stability and performance assessment of the
geological disposals natural barrier system.
Soil Contamination
The Ministry of Environment enacted the Soil Contamination Countermeasures Law
to protect the soil from contamination on 29 May 2002. The law places the owners of
industrial land where toxic substances have been used under an obligation to survey their
lands when they quit their business. The law requires the polluters to clean up the polluted
soil when soil contamination is recognized. The law also urges the Japanese government to
make a national fund program for the remediation of contaminated lands when the cause of
pollution is not clear and local governments cannot identify the party responsible for the
remediation. GSJ/AIST, besides many private geological consulting, mining, civil
engineering, etc, companies have been involved in these problems and conducted research
and development.
To ensure the smooth implementation of surveys and countermeasures, it is very
important to clarify the natural levels of toxic heavy metals of soils in urbanized areas.
GSJ/AIST started a geochemical mapping project for toxic heavy metals at some areas in
Japan. The XRF chemical analysis and metal leaching test based on the Environmental
Quality Standards and US EPA method 3050B were carried out on 300 soil samples from this
area. Based on the 1:50 000 Geological Sheet Map of Anesaki published in 1984, a
geochemical map Regional geochemistry of soil and sediment of Anesaki was published in
March 2003. The second map of Sendai will be published by the end of fiscal year 2004.
GSJ/AIST intends these maps to be used as reference data for local governments in collecting
and compiling information about toxic elements. The maps will be also available for
landowners, local administration staff, insurance companies, financial communities, real
estate industries and geological consultants.
A three-year interdisciplinary program among five research units in AIST was started
in 2002 to develop site assessment and remediation technologies of soil contamination. In this
program, the soils and stream sediments in urbanized areas, Higashioshima and
Komatsugawa in Tokyo were collected and analyzed to assess the environmental pollution in
this area. The toxic heavy metals in soils show the background level, however, some of the
stream sediments indicate obvious pollution. These results show the natural background level
in this area representing the base line in assessing the pollution. Construction of an advanced
risk management system including generic and site-specific assessment systems for soil and
groundwater contamination is being conducted by GREEN/AIST. They have already
developed a generic-type assessment system to evaluate the exposure and risk in the general
environment of soil and groundwater. This computer software has been distributed to more
than twenty companies, which are using it for site assessment of contaminated land. A joint
research program on Monitored Natural Attenuation (MNA) of groundwater contamination
between GREEN and the National Institute of Environmental Studies has been conducted.
149
They have studied the assessment methodology of natural attenuation of VOCs in

groundwater, especially on the characteristics of microbiology activation and the rate of
biological degradation of hazardous chemicals, by sampling contaminated groundwater and
testing in the laboratory.
7.1. Summary
The Governmental GIS Action Program 20022005 is on the road to adopt
geologically important projects for digitization of geoscience maps, standardization and
international cooperation on constructing geological metadata and a Geoinformation
Network for East and Southeast Asia. The geological standards describing geological maps
were established from the form of JIS A0204: geological map symbols, colors, patterns,
terms, and presentation of legend on July 20, 2002, and have been developed in two forms of
qualities and codes in 2004.
We cooperatively collected CCOP Metadata of maps with the assistance of the CCOP
Technical Secretariat. We installed the open web system for CCOP metadata which should
soon be active. Subsequent discussions on metadata are expected to make thumbnail images
for the metadata in the region.
Geoscience databases have been accumulated in the AIST RIO-DB, research
information database system that is available at:
<http://www.aist.go.jp/RIODB/riohomee.html>
Construction of the geoscience DB in RIO-DB is being continued this year with AIST
financial support because of its usefulness to the public.
GSJ has pursued reorganization of the geodata /information management sector by
being united with the sections of planning and international affairs to become the Geoinformation Center (number of personnel is 41) as an independent unit of AIST that covers
geo-information management, public relations and international and planning coordination
of GSJ.
7.2. Annual Review of Technical Programs and Activities
7.2.1. Overview
A new strategy for the National Spatial Data Infrastructure (NSDI), using Geographic
Information System (GIS) was released on 20th February 2002. It was based on the
government framework of GIS Action Program 2002-2005 decided by the Cabinet Offices
Liaison Committee among Ministries and Agencies on GIS. The purpose is to provide the
nation with a better life through IT services using GIS. The action program includes the
construction of a geodata infrastructure such as geological standardization, digitization of
geological maps, compilation of digital geological hazards maps with the related data, and the
promotions of international cooperation on constructing geological metadata and a
150
Geoinformation Network for East and Southeast Asia. These tasks are to be carried out
mainly by GSJ/AIST.
GSJ contributes to the construction of the geodata infrastructure in cooperation with
some governmental organizations on the administrative framework and their missions. The
following organizations are especially closely connected with the GSJ on geoscience and
geodata.
-
Geographic data: GSI (Geographical Survey Institute), MLIT (Ministry of Land,

Infrastructure and Transport)
Coastal and oceanographic data: Hydrographic and Oceanographic Department, Japan
Coast Guard
Energy and mineral resources: NEDO (New Energy and Industrial Technology
Development Organization) and JOGMEC (Japan Oil, Gas and Metals National
Corporation).
Seismological data: Government Headquarters for Earthquake Research Promotion
(combining many institutes)
Remote sensing data: ERSDAC (Earth Remote Sensing Data Analysis Center) and
RESTEC (Remote Sensing Technology Center)
Nuclear waste disposal: JNC (Japan Nuclear Cycle Development Institute)
Besides the above, GSJ began talks with local governments, private sector and
universities on the mutual utilization of geodata in the field of urban geology.
The newly established Geo-information Center at GSJ is headed by the Research
Coordinator for Geology and Marine Research. Although we meet some problems on
management, evaluation, finance etc. in the framework of the AIST organization, GSJ is
developing a new strategy to become the efficient national geodata-center for the public.
Two topics are worthy of special mention: one is the establishment of geological
standards as JIS (Japanese Industrial Standard) and the other is GSJs active contribution to
the international cooperation for geo-information through the international Symposium on
Geo-information via the Internet and the international Workshop for CCOP Metadata. The
details of these topics are described in the next section.
7.2.2. Activities
i) Geological standards
Because it is only GSJ that publishes national geological maps of Japan, those
geological maps give Japanese geological standards describing geologic time, rock type and
geological elements. However, for a long time there has been no standard approved for the
public. The geological standards describing geological maps were established for the first
time as JIS A0204 including geological map symbols, colors, patterns, terms, and
presentation of legend on July 20, 2002. The JIS establishment is one of the first successful
events of the newly established AIST. The standard is a modification of ISO 710: Graphical
Symbols for use on detailed maps, plans and geological cross-sections, and new presentation
of legend. The GSJ will distribute the English version overseas and try to make an agreement
on international standards in cooperation with other countries, especially with CCOP.

151
The standardization of bibliographic metadata and geological map catalogues is

necessary for East Asian countries to communicate with each other through the Internet. GSJ
is promoting a CCOP Metadata strategy for defining common items of metadata.
XML format is a useful tool to transfer geological spatial data through the Internet.
Recently, Japanese standard G-XML, which is a protocol for encoding spatial data through
extensions, was built upon XML. The JIS X 7199 based on G-XML Version 2 was set up on
August 25, 2001. Presently, the current specification is Version 3.1. The work plan to
converge G-XML with GML of OGC (Open GIS Consortium http://www.opengis.org)
specification is cooperatively promoted with interested countries like Australia. The outline is
introduced, for example, at http://gisclh.dpc.or.jp/gxml/contents-e/. GSJ as well as some
related companies are examining the possibility of applying G-XML to geological maps.
ii) Dissemination of geological maps and databases by the GSJ
(Geological and thematic maps)
Geological maps at scales of 1: 50,000 and 1: 200,000 were published in 7 sheets and
1 sheet respectively in 2003. The coverage over the land becomes 914/1274 sheets (71.7 %)
at a scale of 1: 50,000 and 101/124 sheets (81.5%) at a scale of 1:200,000. In addition, one
thematic map and six digital geoscience maps (CD-ROM) were also published in 2003. On
demand publication services of geological map printing was initiated in 2001 when there is
no way to obtain maps in stock, and it extended to over 1,000 orders in a year.
New digital geoscientific CD-ROMs released in 2002 and 2003 are as follows:
Geological Maps of Japan 1:200,000 (Images) Ver.2.0 by GSJ, 2002
Geological Map of Fuji Volcano (CD-ROM Version) by GSJ, 2002
Geothermal Resources Map of Tohoku and Kyushu (CD-ROM Version) by GSJ, 2002
Geoscientific Maps of Southern Part of Korea, Western Part of Japan and Their Adjoining
Seas 1:4,000,000 (CD-ROM Version) by GSJ and KIGAM, 2002
Magnetic Anomaly Map of East Asia 1:4,000,000 CD-ROM Version (2nd Edition) by
GSJ, 2002
Sedimentological Map of the Vicinity of Mishima (CD-ROM) by GSJ, 2002
Geological Map, East of Noto Peninsula, (CD-ROM) by GSJ, 2002
Digital Geological Maps of Japan 1:200,000, North Hokkaido by GSJ, 2003
Digital Geological Maps of Japan 1:200,000, South Hokkaido by GSJ, 2003
Geological Map of Japan 1:1,000,000 3rd Edition, 2nd CD-ROM Version by GSJ, 2003
Geological Map of Japan 1:2,000,000 5th Edition, CD-ROM Version3 by GSJ, 2003
Interactive Geological Hazard Map of East and Southeast Asia by GSJ, 2003
Regional Geochemistry of Soil and Sediment of Anesaki (1:50,000) by GSJ, 2003
(RIO-DB: Research Information Databases)
AIST databases are available in RIO-DB through the Internet at:
http://www.aist.go.jp/RIODB/riohomee.html. The construction of geoscientific databases
was accelerated with AIST financial support because of its usefulness to the public. The
contents are continually revised. The main databases of GSJ are the Geological Literature
Search System Plus (GEOLIS+), which merged the former World Geological Map Search
System (G-MAPI), Geological Map Database, Geochemical Standards Database, and Rock
Property Database, Geophysical Exploration Activity Database (EXACTS), etc. GEOLIS+ is
a unique and large database of more than 260,000 registered literature entries. The access
through the Internet reached more than 300,000 hits in 2003.
152
iii) Collaboration with CCOP

GSJ took a new direction in the field of geo-information with CCOP in the last year,
through a couple of past meetings of the International Symposium on Geo-information via
Internet and the International Workshop for CCOP Metadata organized by GSJ and CCOP
with the Member Countries; Cambodia, China, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Papua
New Guinea, Philippines, Thailand and Vietnam in addition with the attendance of Mongolia,
BRGM, BGS, CIFEG, ESCAP, TNO-NITG, and UNESCO. The recommended task force
under CCOP facilitated the development of CCOP Regional Metadata which contains
metadata for bibliographic data, geological maps and geoscience databases. Map metadata
with the open Web server system is the first product of the task force in the year 2004.
Future Activities
The CCOP metadata project should be considered as one of the priority projects in the
CCOP region. The metadata of various geoscientific maps and databases accumulated in each
member country will provide a useful guide for solving some common geological problems
in the region. Common specifications for the metadata will bring about an ease of their
utilization. GSJ/AIST recommends continuing discussions on the CCOP metadata and the
network servers after the Tsukuba meeting, 2004. We would like to assist and support CCOP
on this matter.
The standardization for geological maps is the subsequent object target in the region.
We believe that the geological standard series initiated by JIS A0204: Geological map
symbols, colors, patterns, terms, and presentation of legend are accepted more widely than
ISO 710, because of the electronic fitting forms to meet digital processes. GSJ plans to
distribute the English version soon to the region for more discussions and progress.

153

15-18 November 2004
Tsukuba, Japan

of
Republic of Korea
Submitted by
Korea Institute of Geoscience and
Republic of Korea
(For Agenda Item 3)

155


Country:
REPUBLIC OF KOREA
Period:
1 July 2003 30 June 2004
1.1. Summary
The research on mineral resources carried out by KIGAM in 2003 consisted of one
domestic and two overseas mineral exploration projects, and one DB construction and
mineral resources mapping project. Eight 1:250,000 mineral resources maps were completed
and a DB system including geological information of each mineral deposit was constructed in
the early part of 2003.
The targets of the domestic mineral exploration project were titanium
(ilmenite) deposits distributed within Precambrian anorthositic bodies and feldspar deposits
in leucocratic syenite bodies of Hadong-Sancheong area, Gyeongsangnam-do. Overseas
mineral exploration was focused on the discovery and evaluation of Au deposits in the
southern part of Bandung, Indonesia, and Au-Ag and non-ferrous deposits in central
Mongolia.
1.2.

1) Domestic mineral exploration activity
The exploration for re-evaluation of titanium (ilmenite) deposits was carried out in an
18 km area of the Hadong-Sancheong district, Gyeongsangnam-do. The ore bodies located
in Precambrian anorthosite and anorthositic gabbro occur as brecciated vein and disseminated
types. The brecciated veins, with the width of 10 to 50 m and length of several hundred
meters, show the highest ore grades. The ore bodies are intermittently developed by a private
mining company. The survey for potential evaluation of feldspar resource in Jurassic
leucocratic syenitic bodies distributed in Sancheong district resulted in some potential
deposits being confirmed.
2
2) Construction of a database and re-evaluation of mineral deposits of Korea
The 1:250,000 mineral resources maps of Busan, Andong, Yeosu, Mokpo, Gwangju,
Daejeon, Seoul and Gangneung sheets were completed and published. The maps include
topography, geology and deposit localities with different symbols of mineral commodities
and deposit types, and all the maps are currently made available through the web via the
KIGAM home page (www.kigam.re.kr). A DB system including 24 mineral commodities and
157
1,834 mineral deposits was constructed, and is currently being made available through the
web via the KIGAM homepage. The reassessment of mineral deposits of Korea was based on
the geological occurrences and environments, and structural characteristics. As a result,
16 potential metallic mineralized areas including Au-Ag, Cu and Pb-Zn deposits and 4
potential hydrothermal clay (pyrophyllite, sericite and kaolin) mineralized areas were
identified and recommended for future exploration.
3) Overseas mineral exploration and cooperation activity
The Mongolian exploration project, commissioned by the Ministry of Commerce,

Industry and Energy (MOCIE), was continued in collaboration with the Institute of Geology
and Mineral Resources of Mongolia (IGMR). The geological and geochemical surveys were
completed in the major target area of L-48-D at the scale of 1/1,000,000. As a result, the
Salkhit Cu and Sainshand-Khudag Fe-Zn skarn type mineralized areas were selected for subdetailed and detailed survey.
The Indonesian exploration activity, also commission of MOCIE, has been carried out
in the Tanggeung area, south of Bandung since 2002. The exploration and geological survey
is accomplished in cooperation with Directorate of Mineral Resource Inventory of Indonesia
(DMRI).
Future Activities
1) Overseas mineral exploration activity
The Indonesia and Mongolia exploration projects have been scheduled for continued
survey.
2) Technical cooperation activity
Collaboration projects between KIGAM and the National Geologic and Mining
Service of Chile (SERNAGEOMIN) related to mineral resources are in the planning stage.
3) Construction of integrated DB system of mineral resources in CCOP countries
Construction of an integrated DB system of mineral resources and mineral resources

mapping is needed for CCOP countries in East and Northeast Asia. KIGAM requests more
detailed discussion for this future project.
2. ENERGY PROGRAMME
2.1. Summary
A 2-D marine seismic survey of the western part of the Kunsan Basin in the Yellow
sea has been carried out to depict the sedimentary basin structures and basin forming
mechanism. The program of the national geological map compilation and resources
investigation of the Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Energy funds this seismic data
acquisition and processing project.

158
The project aims at providing basic marine geological and geophysical information to
the government for planning of the national energy and mineral resources supply program.
The marine geophysical data acquisition, processing and interpretation program is planned to
cover the entire sedimentary basin developed in the Korean continental shelf by 2009. In the
first phase of the project (2001-2004), the two dimensional marine seismic survey using R/V
Tamhae II will be completed in the Yellow Sea. The Deep geological structure map of the
Yellow Sea sedimentary basin will be published in 2005.
Seismic stratigraphy interpretation was carried out in the eastern part of the Kunsan
Basin using the seismic profiles acquired in 2002 by R/V Tamhae II.
Four regional unconformities were identified in the northern part of Kunsan basin.
The megasequence boundaries (MSB) and the megasequences (MS) are referred to as MSB 1
to MSB 4 and MS 1 to MS 4, respectively, from oldest to youngest. Each MS rests on its
corresponding MSB. It is suggested that the study area was formed as a pull-apart basin with
a WNW-ESE striking right-lateral shearing stress, showing structural elements developed
parallel or subparallel to the idealized strain ellipsoid. Major rifting occurred in periods
between MSB 1 and MSB 2, and terminated before MSB 3. The area experienced inversion
after MSB 4.
MS 1 consists of four development steps in ascending order, i.e. 1) deposition of
much volcanic flow or volcanoclastics during major rifting, 2) fluvial deposition with
complex incised valleys, 3) lacustrine deposition in depocenter of the basin and in deep sags
along the major faults, 4) transition to fluvial deposition by the uplift of the crustal blocks.
MS 2 & 3 were only sporadically deposited.

159
Future Activities
Starting in 2005, a new 10 year national program of gas hydrate development will be
launched which consists of three phases.
3.1. Summary
The groundwater research program in Korea has been extensively and actively carried
out since the year 2000. Recently the Groundwater and Geothermal Resources Division in
the Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM) was inaugurated, and the
Division plays an important and active role through the following programmes:
Sustainable management of groundwater resources and hydrogeologic

mapping programme
Groundwater conservation and environmental protection programme
Drinking water, especially mineral water, quality programme
Groundwater law programme

The "Sustainable Water Resources Research Programe", which is a 21C Frontier
R&D Programme funded by the Korea Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) and the
Korea Ministry of Construction and Transportation (MOCT), was launched in 2001 to solve
the national water shortage problem through research and development of technologies for
sustainable water resources management. Policies and technologies in planning and operation
for integrated water management, including technology for integrated water resources
management, for securing surface water, for securing groundwater, and for securing
alternative water resources, need to be investigated. Ten billion Korean Won (8.3 million
USD) of total funds is provided every year, of which about 2 million USD is allocated to
groundwater research. The primary objectives of the program are to provide not only
technical support to public projects for securing water resources but also securing
technologies for 3 billion m3 per year of water resources potential by the year of 2011. In
order to manage this research program more effectively and/or to enhance our research
abilities, international cooperative research is strongly recommended.
The groundwater research projects carried out by KIGAM are mainly the following
(with their respective project managers):
1) Technology for site characterization, assessment and exploration method of
ground water resources (Dr. Byoung-Woo Yum)
2) Groundwater flow analysis and modeling (Dr. Yongje Kim)
3) Hydrogeological characterization in fractured rock system (Dr. Yongje Kim)
4) Ground water remediation in urban areas (Dr. Ig-Hwan Sung)
5) Prediction of contaminant transport and ecological application of microbial
species in subsurface environments for remediation of groundwater systems
(Dr. Byoung-Woo Yum)
6) Detailed hydrogeologic mapping/investigation of groundwater resources in
Namwon, Goonsan, and Seocheon areas (Dr. Min-Jo Cho)
160
1) Technology for site characterization, assessment and exploration method of ground

water resources:
The ultimate goal of the project is to solve the problems of groundwater
contamination and quality deterioration and to improve the total water supply as well as to
give the standard methods of groundwater site characterization, assessment, and exploration.
It also aims to help scientists and technicians working in these fields when they need basic
data and manuals concerning any kind of geologic conditions in Korea.
2) Groundwater flow analysis and modeling:
The major goal of this project is to develop effective techniques for understanding the
groundwater flow system in Korea. For this, research has been carried out based on three
main subjects: (1) the analysis of groundwater recharge; (2) the determination of groundwater
flow characteristics and its residence time; and (3) the development of groundwater flow
modeling. In the analysis of groundwater recharge, three numerical methods including water
level fluctuation (WLF) method, infiltration method, and temperature method, as well as a
stable isotopic technique have been developed. For the groundwater flow characterization and
determination of its residence time, the environmental tracers of 3H/3He, CFCs, and SF6
were investigated in groundwater in Jeju Island which is the pilot test site for this study. From
this analysis the groundwaters are grouped by age; less than 20 years, 20 to 30 years, and
greater than 50 years. Some samples are consistent with binary mixing of recent and old
groundwater. In the groundwater flow modeling studies, the modules for computer-aided
model calibration and parameter estimation, optimization with stochastic and enhanced
inverse approach which could be integrated into MODFLOW-2000 codes, have been
developed.
3) Hydrogeological characterization in fractured rock systems:
In this project, the investigation of geological, geophysical, hydrogeological, and
geochemical properties of fractured crystalline aquifer systems, contaminant migration in the
systems, and related groundwater flow characterizations were all carried out systematically.
A stepwise and careful integration of various data obtained from many different field studies
including surface geological survey and core logging, various geophysical logging
(Resistivity, Natural gamma, Temperature/EC), tomography, and hydraulic test (pumping
test, slug test, packer test), as well as laboratory experiments including hydrochemical
analysis (water quality) and water-rock interaction (batch test) was undertaken.
4) Groundwater remediation in urban areas:
This project is one of a series for the urban hydrogeology program from KORP funds.
The final goals of the program are to establish an urban ground water monitoring system and
to build a conceptual model in urban areas. Urban hydrogeological maps/reports in the Seoul,
Daegu, Busan, Kwangju, and Ulsan areas have been submitted. In particular, the city of
Ulsan was a very interesting project area in that it contained many industrial complexes,
oceanic boundaries, and Tertiary/older rocks.
5) Prediction of contaminant transport and ecological application of microbial species
in subsurface environments for remediation of groundwater systems:
The objectives of this project are to evaluate the recovery rates based on influential
factors (ionic strength, hardness and counter-ion effect) and to drive the effectiveness of
surfactant for remediation in various groundwater contaminated with organic contaminants.
161
A method used in this study was that of batch experiments. Batch experiments were
performed to evaluate the various factors of NAPL remediation in sampled groundwater. This
project also aims to develop a managing technique of alluvial aquifers using meiofauna. For
this a three year research program has been planned. In the first year the groundwater
meiofauna are intended to be cultured in laboratory conditions, where their life cycle as well
as the ecological preference will be described in detail. In the second year the food web and
the energy circulation within the groundwater will be accessed using the microcosm, which
will be reconstructed based on the results of the first year. In the third year, we then quantify
the role of meiofauna. In the first year, a total of 52 live bathynellaceans and 12 cyclops were
collected from the field and 29 bathynellaceans and 5 cyclops are now cultured in the
laboratory.
6) Detailed hydrogeologic mapping/investigation of groundwater resources in
Namwon, Goonsan, Seocheon, and Daejeon areas:
The stable development and management of the groundwater resources of specific
districts is the major goal in this program, which is based on Act 5 in the "Groundwater Law".
The program is being conducted simultaneously in several districts, and the whole area of
South Korea will be completed by 2010. A 2-year period in one area is allocated to publish
the various hydrogeologic thematic maps (1:50,000 scale) and reports in order to obtain the
information of actual conditions of groundwater exploitation, usage, water quality, and
efficient management of groundwater. KIGAM, as an official institute for the project,
accomplished investigations in the Namwon, Goonsan, Seocheon, and Daejeon areas in 2003.
As a large number of hydrogeological data were collected and analyzed on each district, they
provide fundamental database for other groundwater research projects and are used for the
establishment of strategies for the proper development, protection, and conservation of
groundwater by the national and local governments.
Future Activities
1) Continuing projects/programs:
The research projects and investigations
mentioned above are continuously funded from the government, and the total funding/budget
in groundwater resources programs is increasing annually.
2) A new program to build a planning/strategy project for the future, entitled
Geologic Unit Technology Transfer to the South-East Asian Countries: the Strategy and the
Future, is divided into two parts: one is for focusing technology transfer to the developing
countries and the other for give-and-take method with the 25 EU countries. The second is
focused on a partner within the European Commission Framework Program 6 and/or 7.
3.4. Title and Author of Papers submitted to CCOP Annual Session Technical
Proceedings (Thematic Session)
1) Microbial Diversity and Hydrogeology in Some Contaminated Groundwater
Systems by Byung-Woo Yum
2) Development of Techniques for Optimal Groundwater Resources Management
by Yongje Kim
3) Geochemical Investigation and Remediation for Arsenic Contamination around
Abandoned Mine Areas in Korea by Joo Sung Ahn
162
4.1. Summary
The recent issues which most concern coastal resources managers are coastal hazards,
coastal pollution, ocean dumping, offshore oil development and transport, and open space
preservation and management. For the issue of coastal hazards and open space preservation,
KIGAM conducts several research programmes outlined in section 4.2.
Geo-environmental Change Research Project: KIGAM has launched a new,
fairly-big research project in 2004, aimed at unraveling Quaternary geo-environmental
changes based on sedimentary records. As the sedimentary column is a unique media which
could record such changes throughout a long-term period (e.g. longer than thousands of
years) at a high resolution (as detailed as within-year scale variations), this approach is
indispensable to recognize the past changes not historically detected by human observation.
Because many of such changes have been catastrophic with a large magnitude of
displacement and a high rate of change, hazardous impacts on human beings of similar events
in the future are inevitable and the research imperatives are readily agreed. The present
research aims to reconstruct the past changes and thus predict future changes in as much
detail and as quickly as possible. Because the coastal zone is most vulnerable to these geoenvironmental changes, monitoring the area and detecting any prelude of significant impacts
is one of the main objectives of this study. Ultimately it will be a basis for launching a new
research project concentrating on the matter of coastal zone management. Such a project was
started in 2002 by KIGAM, but now it is temporarily closed, expecting that the current study
will soon render a sounder scientific basis to restart the coastal zone research more effectively.
SOPAC Programme: An international cooperative research programme by KIGAM
has continued to support SOPAC member countries in mapping their coastal zones and
reporting the results to them. In 2005, it will also be funded by a UNDP programme in order
to enlarge the magnitude of financial support to the member countries. The programme could
be a model case for enlarging financial funding to CCOP Member Countries.
4.3. Future Activities
Because Korea has numerous tidal flats in the West Sea (the Yellow Sea),
international cooperative research has been proposed to be performed in 2005 in cooperation
with China which has a similar geological setting in the sea area. In order to compare features
not only between tide-dominated coasts but also between tide-dominated and tide-subordinate
coasts, other CCOP Member Countries are recommended to join this programme.

163
5.1. Summary
Korea has an extensive program concerned with international geohazards and
KIGAM is making a significant contribution to the study of common geohazards, namely
landslides on natural terrain and man-made roadcuts; impact from seawater intrusion;
influence of erosion and sedimentation on river-flooding; and surface subsidence hazards.
In June 2004, the 3rd stage of the Natural Hazards Prevention Research programme
was completed. The financial support from the Ministry of Science and Technology will be
continued to 2006 with the budget of fundamental research of the Korea Institute of
Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM).
5.2. Annual Review of Technical Programmes / Activities
Landslide Project: Based on the two landslide prediction models using the logistic
regression method, KIGAM developed a new method to calculate run-out distance of debris
on natural terrain. The method considers topographic and geologic factors to determine runout distance of debris using a neural network theory. KIGAM also completed construction of
a landslide information database with more than 5,000 landslides that occurred during the last
10 years. In the case of the research on man-made road-cuts, the Korea Institute of
Construction Technology (KICT) continues to make a database using the Cut-Slope
Management System (CSMS) along national roads. They also perform analysis of slope
stability on the man made road-cuts.
River Flood Project: To reveal gradual and catastrophic environmental changes by
erosion & sedimentation and to develop techniques for mitigation of these changes, KIGAM
has accomplished the following: computation of soil erosibility and relationship between
rainfall, erosivity and soil loss; estimation and mapping of soil loss by USLE; computation of
suspended sediment yields using function of discharge turbidity; construction of a runoff
model and estimation of sediment yields of high discharge; tracing the origin area of bed
material by REE; and the detection of river change by multi-temporal satellite images and
detailed surveys. Prediction mapping of gradual hazards, induced by erosion and
sedimentation, was conducted for the Bokha River basin.
Seawater Intrusion Project: In this project KIGAM has developed high resolution
imaging technologies to map the saltwater/freshwater interface in the Yeonggwang area,
databases and a visualization system of various data by Geographical Information System
(GIS), performed the optimal design for distribution of pumping wells and the pumping rate
using numerical modeling, and proposed the concept of a Seawater Intrusion Protection Zone
(SIPZ) based on the equivalent NaCl concentration distribution.
Surface Subsidence Project: In order to prevent geohazards from surface
subsidence, KIGAM has been performing the project to establish a geohazard map of
subsidence areas. For establishing the subsidence probability map, a prediction program has
been developed using the artificial neural network. This will help to determine the possibility
and the range of potential subsidence. The surface subsidence problem should be considered
as a major issue among the many kinds of natural hazards. As most of the former coal mines
164
in Korea are now abandoned, surface subsidence generated by underground excavation is

now very common in Korea. The Coal Industry Promotion Board is in charge of stabilization
and restoration of subsidence areas. Surface subsidence by groundwater drainage as well as
weak rock compaction is another problem.
The landslide research team of KIGAM plans to conduct quantitative risk assessment
(QRA) of landslides based on the calculation method of run-out distance. The QRA will
make it possible to decide the order of priority for taking preventive measures against highrisk landslides. KIGAM will also propose future research make a standard for appropriate
counter measures to high-risk landslides. Apart from the above research plan, KIGAM has
established another plan to construct a national landslide information center to monitor and
propose controls for landslide hazards, including those in natural terrain and man-made slope,
within two years.
Quaternary research will concentrate on the better understanding of erosion factors
and soil loss and monitoring of catastrophic phenomena with the aim of reducing
sedimentation disaster, including sediment transportation in mountain streams.
The seawater intrusion research includes the optimal design, by numerical modeling,
of injection wells for desalinization, the estimation of hydraulic properties of aquifers from
in-situ physical properties, and the application of field technology for desalinization
6.1. Summary
The nationwide geochemical baseline mapping project (Nov.1996-Apr.2003) has been
completed. The publication of geochemical atlases for 5 provinces was completed in 2002
and 3 provinces in 2003. A new follow-up research project has been started in June 2003 with
special reference to assessment of heavy metal hazards in major mineralized zones. With
cooperation between KIGAM and Seoul National University, a further new project deals with
the radioactive influence caused by geogenic uranium-radon. These new projects will be
continued until May 2006.
Broad-based environmental changes are being studied through assessment of
Quaternary fluvio-lacustrine records from wetlands and lakes.
National Geochemical Baseline Mapping: A nationwide geochemical baseline
mapping project was completed in April 2004. The total country coverage is approximately
95% excepting only Jeju island province. Geochemical maps were produced based on
chemical data for stream sediments, finer than 150 micrometers, which were collected from
23,000 first- to second-order streams with an average sampling density of 1 per 3.5 km2.
Field methods followed the recommendations of the international geochemical mapping
project conducted by UNESCO/IUGS. Geochemical atlases for 5 provinces in the western
half of Korea were published in 2002. The publication for the remaining 3 provinces in the
eastern part is ongoing. New domestic geochemical baselines including natural background
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values for 36 elements were established for each geological unit. Results from this
nationwide geochemical mapping programme indicated that a great number of geochemical
anomalies of harmful elements are closely related to abandoned metallic mines and major
mineralized areas.
Heavy Metal Assessment in Major Mineralized Areas: Most of the metallic mines
in Korea (ca. 1,000 mines) have been abandoned without suitable plans for the remediation of
mine waste such as dumps and tailings. Environmental hazards related to the abandoned
mines are caused from the large amount of tailing impoundments during rainy seasons, and
dispersion into nearby streams. In order to prevent mine pollution, the Korean government
and local autonomous entities have carried out rehabilitation work for mine waste. KIGAM
launched a 3-year basic research project for the examination of the pollution mechanism of
tailings and waste rock dumps; the assessment of leaching characteristics of sulfide minerals;
and the development of passive treatment for mine drainage. In order to solve heavy metal
problems in mining areas, a further project was started in June 2003. In this project,
nationwide anomalies for harmful elements are being examined. The project will construct a
database for mine sites information and develop assessment techniques through mineralogical
studies on sulfide oxidation and leaching tests as well as establishing bioavailability of the
hazardous elements.
Other Activities on Environmental Geology: Several other new projects have just
started to research the radioactive influence of geogenic radioactivity. The results of the
research will be used for developing the National Priority List for geochemical hazard areas.
Since 2003, KIGAM has conducted short-term projects (3 to 5 years) to develop the site
characterization methods using integration of geophysics, geochemistry, hydrogeology, soil
science and analytical chemistry. A new project deals with sulfide staining along road-cuts
with respect to environmental geology.
In nationwide geochemical baseline mapping, there remains without cover only Jeju
island province, ca. 5% of the country. The great number of compiled geochemical and field
information should be constructed as an available database related to GIS data. The on-going
project will deal with the establishment of the nationwide geochemical baseline and the
construction of a database including mining sites information.
7) GEODATA AND INFORMATION MANAGEMENT PROGRAMME
7.1. Summary
Geological information is considered as fundamental national knowledge to be used
in various fields such as natural disaster mitigation, environmental evaluation, national
infrastructure construction, and exploration for natural resources. In the geodata and
information management programme, KIGAM carried out three projects.
First, as the 2nd phase of a 3-phase project, the development of the techniques for
landslide hazard analysis application using GIS and remote sensing was carried out. This
166
project aims at the development, application and assessment of probability and an artificial
neural network method for assessing landslide susceptibility. Second, the Construction of a
Geoscience Map Information System is being carried out; an international project
constructing Geoscience information in the Northeast Asian area. Finally, a project for
Geoscience Information Standardization has been carried out for an inter-organization
standard in the Korean Geoscience community
7.2.1. Development of Techniques for Landslide Hazard Analysis Application
using GIS and Remote sensing
1) The purpose of this study is the development, application and assessment of
probability and artificial neural network method for assessing landslide susceptibility in
chosen study areas amongst the CCOP Member Countries. The areas are listed below.
Cambodia Kampong Speu - Peang Lovea
China Yunyang
Indonesia West Java Cianjur District
Japan Tokyo-Yokohama
Korea Boun
Malaysia Cameron Highlands
Philippines Baguio City
Papua New Guinea Simbu Province
Thailand Petchabun Province
Vietnam Lai Chau Province
2) As the 2nd Phase of the project, KIGAM and participating countries carried out
application of GIS based landslide mapping to the data sets constructed in phase 1 and
development of verification techniques for landslide hazard mapping. The following lists the
detailed progress of the project.
- Determination and application of the weight for landslide susceptibility mapping
using an artificial neural network.
- Application of likelihood ratio and logistic regression models to landslide
susceptibility mapping using GIS.
- Probability landslide susceptibility and factor effect analysis.
- Probabilistic landslide susceptibility mapping and verification using GIS in Lai
Chau area of Vietnam: focus on relationship between tectonic fractures and
landslides.
- Application of frequency ratio model for landslide susceptibility mapping using
GIS at Pechabun, Tai.
3) The 2nd CCOP Workshop on Landslide Hazard Analysis Using GIS and Remote
Sensing was held on 20-23 April 2004 at KIGAM in Daejeon, Korea In the first day, the 9
country reports were presented. In the second and third days, there was short Training of
landslide hazard analysis using GIS and RS by Dr. Saro Lee and discussion of the project and
workshop. On the third day, there was a Field Excursion.

167
7.2.2. The Construction of Geoscience Map Information System

1) The purpose of this study is the GIS DB construction for geological map and
mineral resources map in the Northeast Asian area. For this project, KIGAM constructed a
cooperative network as below.
China - Geological Survey of China, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences
Japan - Geological Survey of Japan, AIST
Mongolia - Geological Survey, Mineral Resources Authority of Mongolia
Russia - VSEGEI, Ministry of Natural Resource of the RF
2) As the 1st Phase (2002 ~ 2003) of the project, KIGAM has constructed GIS-based
database of topographic and geological maps of Northeast Asia and is now developing a
Web-based geoscience map retrieval system.
7.2.3. Geoscience Information Standardization
1) This project aims at the standardization of geological information for the purpose
of distributing and sharing among the various geological agencies and also the public in
Korea. Accordingly, KIGAM (Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources) has
been carrying out the 5 years project on geoscience information standardization and
clearinghouse construction. KIGAM carried out ISP (Information Strategy Planning) and
developed standards according to the plan.
2) According to the standardization plan, as the 2nd year, we have begun to develop
geoscience information standards. We designed geoscience metadata and metadata editor,
which is able to write and update metadata as the form of XML. Also based on 1:50,000
geological map standards developed last year, we are developing 4 kinds of geoscience
thematic maps.

168

15-18 November 2004
Tsukuba, Japan

of
Malaysia
Submitted by
Chu Ling Heng
Minerals and Geoscience Department
Malaysia
(For Agenda Item 3)

169


Country:
MALAYSIA
Period:
1 July 2003 30 June 2004
1.1. Summary
Reconnaissance and follow-up geochemical surveys for gold and the evaluation of
industrial mineral resources, namely clay, silica sand, dimension stone and feldspar, were
undertaken during the period. At the same time, research programmes into clay, silica, rock,
advanced material, and rehabilitation technologies were continued. Meanwhile, coal
exploration was continued in Sarawak and Sabah.
Regional geochemical surveys resulted in the collection of 3,057 geochemical
samples over a total area of 3,666 km2. In Sarawak, 1,117 samples were collected in the
Lemanak, Layar and Paku areas; total coverage was 1,496 km2. A total of 883 geochemical
samples were collected over 1,400 km2 in the Sandakan area, Sabah. In Peninsular Malaysia,
reconnaissance geochemical sampling was concentrated in the states of Perak (950 samples
over 670 km2 in the Siput, Tapah, Gunung Batu Puteh and Tanjung Malim areas), and Kedah
(107 samples over 100 km2 in the Kulim - Bandar Bahru area).
Follow-up surveys for gold, meanwhile, were carried out in Johor where three
potential areas totalling 3.3 km2 were outlined. In Pahang, gold flakes were detected in many
localities in the heavy stream concentrates west of the Jeram area, and the results of a pitting
programme in the Lipis area indicated the existence of gold in some of the pits. The Tapah
area in Trengganu shows some promise as a potential gold target following an evaluation of
the follow-up results, and in Kelantan, the Felda Chiku-Serasa Forest Reserve area similarly
appears promising for further gold exploration.
Several potential granite and limestone resources in Negri Sembilan, Kedah, Kelantan
and Sabah have been identified for dimension stone development, while in Kelantan and
Pahang, the feldspar occurrence was assessed through reconnaissance drilling. Indications
are that the feldspar meets industrial specifications.
Research on local silica sand resources indicate that they have the potential to be used
for the manufacture of crystal glass and to support glass ceramics development. Research
into the development of whiteware ceramic body recipes using local clay resources have
produced encouraging results. Ponds in ex-mining land have been shown to successfully
171
support the cultivation of various floras, and this result has attracted the attention of the
agricultural sector.
Coal exploration was continued in Marapok and Ulu Tutuh, Sarawak totalling 180
km2. In the former area, coal seams with a maximum thickness of 0.6m were recorded, while
at Ulu Tutuh, seams ranging from 0.5 to 1.5 m thick were noted. About 100 km2 of the
eastern segment of the Middle Pinangah area in Sabah was surveyed for its coal potential.
Unfortunately, unlike the western portion, no coal seams were found.
1.3. Porposed Future Activities and Assistance Required from CCOP in Support of
Future Activities:
(i) Continue with data collection through geochemical and offshore surveys.
(ii) Evaluation of industrial mineral resources and R&D work on such resources to
be continued.
(iii) Assistance requested will be in:(a) integration of geochemical, geophysical, geological data.
(b) capability building in R&D with specific reference to industrial minerals.
2. ENERGY PROGRAMME
2.1. Summary
During the review period, various oil companies carried out data reviews on the
prospectivity of Malaysian exploration acreage. PETRONAS secured five (5) new Production
Sharing Contracts (PSCs) namely:
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
(v)
PETRONAS Carigali Sdn. Bhd. and Sarawak Shell Berhad for the 2003 Baram
Delta PSC,
PETRONAS Carigali Sdn. Bhd. and Newfield Peninsula Malaysia Inc. for five
(5) Peninsular Malaysia Small Fields Development PSC,
Talisman Malaysia Limited and PETRONAS Carigali Sdn. Bhd. for PM314
PSC,
PETRONAS Carigali Sdn. Bhd. and Newfield Peninsula Malaysia Inc. for
PM318 PSC, and
Newfield Peninsula Malaysia Inc. and PETRONAS Carigali Sdn. Bhd. for
Deepwater Block 2C PSC.
Extensive exploration activities were carried out by the Production Sharing

Contractors. A total of 118,275.7 line km of new seismic data were acquired comprising
11,247 line km of 2D seismic data and 107,028.7 line km of 3D seismic data. Thirty five (35)
exploration wells (29 wildcats and 6 appraisals) were drilled resulting in three (3) oil
discoveries and three (3) gas discoveries.
A total of one hundred-thirty-nine (139) development wells were also drilled during
the period.
Crude oil and gas production averaged 622,000 bpd and 6,000 MMscf/d respectively.

172
2.2.
2.2.1. New Acreage

During this review period, five (5) new PSCs (for Baram Delta, Small Fields, Block
PM 314, Block PM 318 and Deepwater Sarawak Block 2C) were signed. The new
exploration ventures concluded during this period resulted in an increase of about 15,582 km2
of Production Sharing Contract area, giving an overall total PCS area of 233,554 km2 for the
country.
2.2.2. New Production Sharing Contracts (PSC) Signed
A total of five (5) PSCs were signed during the review period.
Details of the PSCs signed are tabled below:
No
1
2
3
4
5
Block Name
Date PSC Signed
Operator
2003 Baram Delta PSC

Peninsular Malaysia five
(5) Small Fields
Block PM 314
18.09.2003
PCSB
01.03.2004
PCSB
31.03.2004
Block PM 318
Deepwater Block 2C,
Sarawak
25.05.2004
Talisman
Malaysia Ltd.
PCSB
Newfield Sarawak
(Malaysia) inc.
25.05.2004
2.2.3. Geophysical Surveys

The total seismic data acquired was 118,275.7 line km, of which 11,247 line km are
2D seismic data and 107,028.7 line km are 3D seismic data. The details are as follows:
Region
Peninsular Malaysia
Sabah
Sarawak
Total
2D Seismic
7,151
4,096
11,247
3D Seismic
4,648.9
61,360
41,019.8
107,028.7
2.2.4. Exploration and Development Drilling

A total of thirty five (35) exploration wells (29 wildcats and 6 appraisals) were drilled
with aggregate depth of 86,824.9 mRKB during this period. In addition, a total of 139
development wells were also drilled.
(i)
Peninsular Malaysia
Eighteen (18) exploration wells were drilled offshore Peninsular Malaysia by

Production Sharing Contractors. PETRONAS Carigali Sdn. Bhd. has drilled 3 wells, CS
Mutiara 2 wells, Murphy Peninsular Malaysia Oil Company Limited 3 wells, Talisman
Malaysia Limited 4 wells and PETRONAS 6 wells. Three discoveries were made during this
review period in Peninsular Malaysia.
173
A total of ninety-seven (97) development wells were also drilled during the review.
(ii) Sarawak
Six (6) exploration wells were drilled in offshore Sarawak by Production Sharing
Contractors. Murphy Sarawak Oil Company Limited drilled 3 wells, Sarawak Shell Berhad 1
well, Amerada Hess 1 well and PETRONAS 1 well. One discovery was made during this
review period in Sarawak.
A total of twenty-six (26) development wells were also drilled during the review.
(iii) Sabah
Eleven (11) exploration wells were drilled in offshore Sabah by Production Sharing
Contractors. Murphy Sabah Oil CompanyLimited drilled 8 wells and Sabah Shell Petroleum
Company drilled 3 wells. Two discoveries were made during this review period in Sabah.
A total of sixteen (16) development wells were also drilled during the review.
2.2.5. Production of Oil and Gas
In year 2003, Malaysias total crude oil production was 621,900 bpd from forty-seven
(47) oil fields.
In Peninsular Malaysia, twenty-four (24) fields are currently under production and
they are Guntong, Irong Barat, Palas, Seligi, Semangkok, Tabu, Tapis, Bekok, Tiong,
Kepong, Angsi, Tinggi, Pulai, Dulang, West Bunga Kekwa, East Bunga Kekwa, North Bunga
Raya, Yong, Malong, Sotong, Anding, Lawang, Langat and Serudon.
In Sarawak, fourteen (14) oil fields are in production namely Baronia, Bakau, Baram,
West Lutong, Betty, Bokor, Siwa, Tukau, Fairley Baram, Bayan, Asam Paya, Temana, D-18
and D-35.
Meanwhile in Sabah, there are nine (9) producing oil fields namely South Furious,
St. Joseph, Barton, Tembungo, Samarang, Kinabalu, Alab, SF30 and Erb West.
Daily production of gas (associated and non-associated) was 6,126.7 MMscf/d. The
Non-Associated Gas is produced from Angsi, Bekok, Tiong, Jerneh, Lawit, Resak and
Duyong Fields of offshore Peninsular Malaysia, E11, F6, F23, M3, M1 and M4 Fields of
offshore Sarawak, and Samarang Kecil Field of offshore Sabah with an average production of
4,253 MMscf/d. Associated Gas production in Malaysia averaged 1,873.7 MMscf/d.
2.2.6
Reserves
As at 1 January 2004, the total hydrocarbon reserves of Malaysia is as summarized

below :(i)
Crude Oil
(ii) Non-associated gas
(iii) Associated gas
3.85 Bstb
72,240 Tscf
14,78 Tscf
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3.1. Summary
Groundwater investigations, development and monitoring were carried out in
Sarawak, Sabah, Johor, Kedah and Negri Sembilan. These surveys were largely carried out
by the Minerals and Geoscience Department. Private sector involvement, particularly in tube
well development, was concentrated in Sarawak and Sabah.
In Sarawak, hydrogeological investigations were carried out in Salidap and Kuala
Nyalau. While the groundwater potential in Salidap is not promising, the Kuala Nyalau area
is capable of producing 10m3/hr to 20m3/hr groundwater to support 400 residents. Under the
alternative water supply project financed by the Ministry of Rural Development, the
Department assisted in the construction of wells in the remote and coastal areas to supply
groundwater to some 3,750 villagers.
Four exploration wells drilled in hardrock formations in Kanibongan, Rokom, Datong
and Bongkol, Sabah, were not promising in terms of groundwater potential. However, in
Ambatuan, the 1.5 to 2m3/hr groundwater yield is sufficient for the needs of 200 residents.
In Johor, three wells drilled in hardrock around Pagoh, Lenga and Jementah can yield
785m /day groundwater to supply 4,300 residents. Two wells developed in hardrock in
Petani and Gurun, Kedah, meanwhile, are capable of yielding 9m3/hr and 68m3/hr
groundwater respectively. Groundwater supply for poultry rearing activities was also
successfully developed for Machap, Merlimau and Kuala Pilah in Negri Sembilan.
3
Future Activities.
(i)
Continue with the development of groundwater resources in various parts of the

country. Work will be concentrated in the management of groundwater
resources in small islands offshore Terengganu and Johor,
(ii) Modeling work and delineation of wellhead protection areas (WHPA) will be
carried out in selected areas. Delineation of WHPA using model is proposed
for Tioman Island, Pahang.
3.4. Others
The DCGM Phase IV Project Workshop on Compilation of Groundwater and
Geothermal Databases for CCOP Region was held in Tsukuba, Japan from 23 27 February
2004. The Department has finalized 242 Malaysian well data which were handed over to
GSJ to be included in the Projects final groundwater database.

175
4.1.
Summary
Besides the geophysical and sampling programme carried out in the Kuala Ingan
Bintulu offshore area, Sarawak, a multi-beam echo sounding survey, and a side scan sonar
survey were also executed in Langkawi. The framework for the National Integrated Coastal
Zone Management (NICZM) policy was drafted. The Department of Irrigation and
Drainage initiated the preparation of the Integrated Shoreline Management Plan (ISMP) for
the North Pahang coastline.
A geophysical survey using multibeam and towed side scan sonar was carried out on
the nearshore areas around the Langkawi Islands. A total of 3,862 line-km were covered,
encompassing a total area of 1,100 sq km. The areas covered were in the north, west and
south of the main island where most of the beaches are located. The towed side scan sonar
was carried out only in the northern part of the survey area. The main purpose was to do a
comparative study between the conventional towed sonar image with the processed
multibeam sonar image. Under this project, the multibeam survey is being evaluated as a tool
for coastal zone mapping in shallow waters. Preliminary analysis of the multibeam results
showed the detailed morphology of the sea bed and sea bottom features, such as sand
migration patterns, sediment characteristics and sand dredged areas.
A geophysical and sampling survey was carried out in Sarawak, between Kuala Igan
and Bintulu, in 2003. A total of 1,386 line-km of geophysical data, and 112 grab and core
samples from the sea bottom were gathered over an area covering 10,050 km2. The sediment
analysis results showed no significant mineral occurrences. However, eight localities
covering a total area of 2,160 km2 were found to have potential for sand deposits amounting
to 2,741 million cubic metres for a mining depth of 1.5 metres from the sea bottom. The sand
deposits range from fine to very fine grain size, with carbonate contents ranging from 10 to
80 percent and organic content from 1 to 12 percent.
The National Integrated Coastal Zone Management (NICZM) Policy for the country
was drafted. Besides setting forth the Vision, the NICZM Policy recognizes 15 goals for
coastal management in Malaysia covering: economic growth, productivity, sustainability,
physical development, food production, equitable benefits, public participation,
environmental health, biological diversity, cultural and natural heritage, information
availability, coastal science and technology, ecosystem-based management, governance, and
international engagement. The Policy further stipulates 12 principles to govern the manner in
which ICZM should be undertaken in Malaysia.
The Department of Irrigation and Drainage (DID), which has been authorized by the
Government of Malaysia to monitor and approve all development projects in the coastal zone,
has initiated the preparation of an Integrated Shoreline Management Plan (ISMP) for
Malaysias coastal zones. As a pilot project, an ISMP was carried out on the North Pahang
coastline from Kuala Sungai, Pahang to the state boundary of Pahang/Terengganu in 2003.
The overall objective of the ISMP for North Pahang is to produce a Development Plan for the
176
shoreline that is sensitive to the particular conditions of the coast whilst optimizing its overall
development potential. This may lead to some discrepancies with the existing Local Plans.
The ISMP, however, is not intended to supplant but supports the Local Plans system by
supplying additional information on shoreline conditions.
5.1. Summary
The Minerals and Geoscience Department undertook geological terrain mapping in
selected areas in Peninsular Malaysia, Sabah and Sarawak whereby thematic maps such as
construction suitability, erosion and instability, land form and physical constraint maps were
prepared. Local authorities such as District Offices and Town Councils use these maps as a
reference in their approval of development projects.
The Department also mapped two major landslides, notably, the Lanjan Rockslide in
Kuala Lumpur and the Gunung Raya Landslide in Langkawi.
5.2.1. Geological Terrain Mapping Project
Geological terrain mapping was undertaken in all the States, and various thematic
maps such as construction suitability, erosion and instability, landform and physical
constraint maps were produced. The Cabinet Committee on Development in Highland
Areas and Islands adopted the classification system in the construction suitability maps and
had gazetted the system as a guideline for the review of development projects in highland
areas.
A summary of the mapping carried out in the various States is as follows:
: Kundasang area (50 km2), Sandakan (25 km2)
: Panda Ruan (54 km2), Serian (159 km2) and Miri (52 km2). Mapping
has just commenced in Bintulu (104 km2) and about 20% of the area
has been covered.
Selangor : Rawang (216 km2), Putrajaya (150 km2) Sg. Batu (195 km2) and Sg.
Gombak (153 km2). The Kuala Lumpur area (185 km2) was also
mapped.
Penang
: Penang Island (480 km2).
Pahang
: Pulau Tioman (133 km2) and Kuantan (50 km2) have been mapped.
Mapping was also carried on 80% of Bt. Tinggi (250 km2) and 15% of
Frasers Hill (100 km2).
Negeri Sembilan : Nilai (50 km2), Seremban (50 km2) and Mantin (50 km2).
Perak
: Pulau Pangkor (24 km2), Sitiawan-Lumut (36 km2) and Tanjong Malim
(50 km2).
Johor
: The Gunung Pulai area (60 km2) has been completely mapped.
Mapping in the Gunung Lambak area (220 km2) has just commenced.
Sabah
Sarawak
Trengganu : Pulau Redang (25 km2).

Kelantan : Lojing (25 km2).
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5.2.2. Landslides/Rockfalls
(i)
The Bukit Lanjan Rockslide
On the morning of 26th November 2003, a massive rockslide occurred on a cut slope at
Km 21.8 of the New Klang Valley Expressway and debris from the slide covered a 35 metre
stretch of the expressway, cutting off accessibility to both the north and south bound traffic.
Fortunately, there were no casualties.
Investigations on the undamaged sections of the cut slopes further north showed that
these slopes were unstable and similar rockslides could occur and as such, the authorities cut
the slopes back to a more gentle global gradient of about 50 to 60.
(ii) The Gunung Raya Landslide, Langkawi
A major landslide occurred at about 2.20pm, on 14th October 2003 at Km 5.95 of the
access road, which leads to the summit of Gunung Raya. In this incident, debris comprising
of soil and rock boulders caused the demise of one person.
(iii) Rockfall at Gunung Cheroh, Perak
On 5 February 2004 a block of limestone detached itself from the roof of a cave
entrance at Gunung Cheroh. This block measuring 3m x 1m fell from a height of about 6m.
In October 1973, a massive slab of limestone disloged itself from a nearby cliff face of the
same hill, resulting in a large number of fatalities.
Future Activities
(i) Geological terrain mapping will continue to be conducted in the various States
in 2005 with special attention to be given to islands which have potential for development
into tourist resorts.
(ii) A database on landslides, rockfalls and dangerous cut slopes in the Kuala
Lumpur area and in Penang will be developed.
(iii) KIGAM is conducting a pilot project in the Cameron Highlands using remote
sensing techniques to map out landslide prone areas. The project could perhaps be extended
to other mountainous areas such as Frasers Hill and Bt. Tinggi in Pahang.
6.1. Summary
The review of EIA reports and groundwater monitoring were the main focus of the
environmental geology programme of the Department.
6.2. Annual Review of Technical Programme/Activities
6.2.1. Groundwater Monitoring
In Peninsular Malaysia, routine groundwater monitoring on quality and water levels
was carried out in all the States with about 610 monitoring wells. Concentration of the
178
monitoring work was in areas where the groundwater resource is relatively important in
supplying water to the public, like in Kelantan where 70 wells were monitored. In the Langat
Basin, Selangor, other then the normal groundwater monitoring work, the likelihood of
ground subsidence was also closely monitored. In Sarawak, groundwater was similarly
monitored in the coastal areas where its utilisation is significant.
6.2.2. EIA and Development Plan Review
A substantial number (165) of Detailed and Preliminary Environmental Impact
Assessment (EIA) reports were reviewed by the Department to ensure that infrastructural
development is sustainable.
Reviews of Development Plans for various growth centers as well as guidelines on the
development of sensitive areas were carried out to ensure geological inputs are being
considered in development projects.
Future Activities
(i) Preparation of guidelines on investigation of contaminated land and hands-on
training related to contaminated land investigation.
(ii) Compilation of geological heritage sites in CCOP member countries could be
initiated.
7.1. Summary
Under the Geodata and Information Management Programme, the following activities
were carried out during the review period:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
participation in the DCGM IV Project.

participation in the SANGIS Project.
digitization of geological maps.
development of databases.

7.2.1. DCGM IV Project
The final groundwater workshop was held in Tsukuba, Japan from 23-27 February
2004. Malaysia provided 134 additional well data for the groundwater database. Discussions
were held on the policy regarding the release of the project data. The project documentation
and database are expected to be ready by September 2004 and will be accessible through the
internet.

179
The final geothermal workshop was held simultaneously with the groundwater
workshop. Malaysia has uploaded 16 additional hot spring datasets bringing the total to 79.
The geothermal database was shown to the participants of the workshop.
7.2.2. SANGIS Project
Data entry into the SANGIS database continued and to date 544 records have been
input into the Departments main library in Kuala Lumpur. Of these, 369 records have been
sent to CIFEG, France and 355 records have been uploaded onto the SANGIS website.
Following the meeting in Bangkok, 6047 records of the Malaysias thesaurus terms have been
sent to CIFEG for compilation of the Asian Multilingual Thesaurus.
7.2.3. Geological Maps
The preparation of the digital geological database is an on-going process and during
the review period a number of terrain maps were completed to provide geological input for
development planning. The Department has also successfully completed three cross-border
geological mapping exercises with Thailand on a bilateral basis, paving the way for the
harmonization of the border geology and for future cooperation. Uploading of data into
Malaysias web-based GIS application continued, providing both government and the public
an avenue to purchase maps online via an e-commerce application. The Department has also
contributed to Malaysias standard on Feature and Attribute Coding (MS1759) which is ISO
compliant.
7.2.4. Database
The Department is actively pursuing the development of its technical databases which
will be web and oracle-based. The details of a hydrogeological database and an industrial
minerals database were worked out in late 2003 and development work commenced in 2004.
The prototypes are near completion and when completed will be accessible through the
Departments new homepage.
Future Activities
(i) The Department is embarking on upgrading and integrating its databases, which
until now are stand-alones in various platforms, beginning with hydrogeology and industrial
minerals databases. It will move on to other databases by phases, followed by the
development of applications.
(ii) In this respect, the Department welcomes technical assistance in the following
areas:
(a) Expert advice on formulating the structure of the proposed databases.
(b) Expert advice on developing applications.
(c) On-the-job-training on various aspects of database development and
management.

180

15-18 November 2004
Tsukuba, Japan

of
Papua New Guinea
Submitted by
Delegation of Papua New Guinea
(For Agenda Item 3)

181


Country:
PAPUA NEW GUINEA
Period:
1 July 2003 30 June 2004
1. INTRODUCTION
The delegation fom PNG can announce that on Wednesday the 8th September, 2004
the Cabinet approved the establishment of the Mineral Resources Authority of Papua New
Guinea (MRA) and instructed the Department of Mining to complete in one month, all
necessary administrative and legal documentation to establish both the MRA and a smaller
Department of Mining that will maintain a Policy Office and Geoharzards functions. As a
result of the approval by the PNG Government for the Department of Mining to become an
MRA, there is every prospect of a more active partnership with CCOP in years to come.
2. PARTNERSHIP WITH CCOP
PNG recognizes that CCOP is an important regional geoscientific organization and
encourages it to remain in tune with member countries needs and donor countries funding
requirements. We have no intention to demand review of allocation of resources to
accommodate our project wish-list, however, PNG wishes to remind CCOP that annual
geological science budgets are increasingly becoming constrained, and it is therefore
necessary to maintain a relevant regional organization.
3. SUMMARY OF GEOLOGICAL RESOURCE SECTOR
The PNG Country Report is divided into the following programmes; Mineral,
Geothermal, Petroleum, Geological Survey Projects.
3.1. Mineral Programme
PNG is experiencing an upturn in exploration and related increase in receipt of the
worldwide exploration dollar than it had experienced between 2000 and 2001. As late as in
August 2003, PNG was ranked second most unfavorable destination for exploration and
mining.
However, recently the trend in applications for exploration licenses has changed, with
36 new applications approved for the first quarter of 2004. It is expected that applications
would increase to about 43 by the end of the year. This is because the Government has
adopted a number of new incentives for investors, including the abolition of additional Profit
Tax, (APT) double deduction of up to 200% of pre-production exploration costs, Ring
Fencing of exploration costs up to 25% of a pool of exploration costs provided the tax

183
payable is not reduced by more then 25%. Recent increase in exploration activities has
placed seven exploration licenses and prospects at advanced stages, namely:
Ramu Nickel and Cobalt

Frieda/Nena Copper and Gold
Hidden Valley Gold
Simberi Gold
Mt. Sinivit Gold
Wafi Gold
Golpu Copper Prospect
A mining lease was granted to Highlands Pacific Limited to develop the Kainantu
underground gold mine in June 2002. Negotiations continued in 2003 and the Project MOA
and Compensation Agreements were executed in December 2003. Construction of this
underground mine has commenced and production is expected in January 2005.
The construction of the Ramu nickel/cobalt project has been delayed since 2000
because of very high capital cost and low nickel price then, and lack of progress to secure a
third joint venture partner. The China Metallurgical Construction Group Corporation (MCC)
is expected to form part of the venture and will acquire about 85% interest and fund the total
US$650 million for the Project.
Mining products maintained their position as the leading primary export commodity
of PNG and also remained a significant contributor of about 17 percent to the Gross
Domestic Product (GDP). The mineral product exports accounted for 52 percent of total
exports in 2003. The focus in mining now in PNG is on efficiency and cost cutting to enhance
revenues and production in the future. The production figures for the following operating
mines are briefly outlined below:
i) Ok Tedi Cu/Au Mine
A total of 16 tonnes of gold and 202,000 tonnes of copper were produced by Ok Tedi
Mine in 2003. However, in 2004, as a result of technical disruptions at Ok Tedi the
production of copper concentrate was significantly reduced for the first half of 2004. As
attend June 2004, 108,902 tonnes of copper, 7,852 kg of gold and 17,362 kg of silver were
produced. Reduction in production may be experienced by the mine due to the present EL
Nino impact on the Fly River that is causing shipping and delivery difficulties.
ii) Porgera Au Mine
Porgera Mine produced 26.5 tonnes of gold in 2003. Total proven and probable
mineral reserves at the end of 2003 for Porgera gold mine was 48.85 million tonnes grading
at 3.4g/t gold, which equates to 5.391 million contained ounces of gold and a projected mine
life of 9 years. Production to the end of June 2004 was 15,765 kgs of gold and 2,944 kgs
silver, which puts Porgera on target to exceed 1million ounces for 2004.
iii) Lihir Au Mine
The mine produced 18.7 tonnes of gold in 2003. Gold production in the first half of
2004 was affected by a scheduled 10-day plant shut down and an additional 20 day lost as a
result of the main oxygen plant failure. However production to the end of June was 8,629 kg
(dore) of gold, indicating the mine is likely to produce a little over 600,000 ounces of gold
184
for 2004. The high gains are being made in mining and processing operations and from
forecasted higher grades.
iv) Misima Gold Mine
A total of 3.762 tonnes of gold was produced by Misima Mine in 2003 using the
stockpiled low grade ore. The Mines closed its operations on 26 May 2004. Current
activities on Misima Mine relate to mine closure and rehabilitation.
v) Tolukuma Gold Mine
A total of 2.522 tonnes of gold mainly was produced by this underground mine in
2003. The mine produced 1,339 kg of gold and 2,647 kg of silver at the end of June 2004.
The increased productions were attributed to higher grade, better planning and good mining
practices. In 2004 a production of 7,000 ounces per month has been the target.
3.2. Petroleum Programme
Petroleum exploration was at its peak with a total of 40 Petroleum Prospecting
Licenses (PPL) in 1990 but this has been reduced to about 15 PPL. A total of 11 new
applications have been received and they are at various stages of licence processing. Two
exploration wells are currently active, and at this time PPL-219 is being tested. The present
four oil and a gas producing projects are summarized below:
i) Kutubu Oil Project
Kutubu Oil Project commenced production in 1991 and up to the end of June 2003,
over 279,074 MBBLS and 737,131.360 million standard cubic feet (MMSCF) gas has been
extracted. The average monthly production figures for July 2004 was at 17732.00 BBLS.
ii) Gobe Oil Project
Gobe Oil Project commenced production in 1998 and has so far produced 434,646
MBBLO and 2,288,161 MSCF gas up to June 2003. Production figures for Gobe during the
month of July 2004 was at 11,438.00 BBL.
iii) Moran Oil Project
Moran Oil Project commenced production in 1998 and has produced 20,908 MBBO
at the end of June 2003. Production figure for the month of July 2004 was at 12,044 BBLO.
iv) Hides Gas Project
Hides Gas Project exploits a large onshore gas field, which commenced production in
1991 and to date produced 46,727 MMSCF gas with an average monthly production of 447
MCF including sales to Porgera Gold Mine for electricity generation. A small volume of
condensate is refined on site as diesel fuel for local consumption.
v) Napa Napa Refinery
The Napa Napa Oil Refinery was the first downstream petroleum project to be
granted a Petroleum Processing Facility License by the Government in February 2000. Inter
Oil was awarded the contract and engineering design, procurement and construction have
been completed. The first oil entered the refinery on 30th June, 2004 with a total output of
185
32,500 barrels per day. August 12, 2004 has been marked as the day of first shipment of
refined products for the local PNG market.
3.3. Geothermal Energy Programme
The geothermal energy has been listed hereunder separately because of its enormous
potential and renewed resource interest in PNG. Foreign organizations have shown some
interest in this resource recently and have had some discussions with local industries and
Government officials in PNG. GSPNG has taken steps to liaise with external donors and
agencies for assistance in funding equipment to explore and document the geothermal
resources following a UNDP funded project in 2003 for a review of our existing database on
geothermal resources.
Lihir Gold Mine has constructed the first 6MW geothermal plant in PNG to
supplement electricity power generation for its mining operations and 35 MW plant is under
construction for operations in early 2005 for the future mining operations. A number of
Provincial Governments are thinking of investing in this industry and a survey is being
planned to tie in the gaps in our records.
3.4. Other Projects
i) World Bank Loan Project
The five year World Bank Mining Sector Institutional Strengthening Project aimed at
strengthening the institutional capacity of Department of Mining (DoM) and the Internal
Revenue Commission (IRC) has progressed well. The technical assistances are provided in
the following areas:
Policy and Regulatory

Exploration and Mining audits
Mineral Tenements Management Component
Sustainable Development Component
Geological Survey and Development of GIS capabilities
Capacity Building for Internal Revenue Commission
This Project will end in September 2005.

ii) SYSMIN EU Grant
A grant of 50 million Euros for institutional capacity upgrade project was signed in
July 2002. It was provided as a result of the effect of the 1997 drought on the mining sector.
The EU SYSMIN Grant will address and provide the assistance in the following main areas:
Independent Deep Sea Tailing Placement

Building New Purposed-Built Department Building
Establishment of Small Scale Mining Vocational Centers
Airborne Geophysical Survey of the PNG Highlands and Huon Peninsula
Geological Mapping and Mineral Potential Assessment of the PNG Highlands
Formulation o a Mining Waste Management Policy
Hardware Procurement to DoM
Geological and Mineral Resources Information System

186
Mining Resource Authority (MRA) is one main component and has a bearing on the
two main Geological and Geophysical Components that are expected to add new raw data
and increase exploration potential to PNG. The process of converting the Mining Department
into an Authority was a special condition imposed by the European Union to allow the
release of almost 70% of the total Euro 50 million of funds for the Airborne Geophysical
Survey and Geological Mapping and Mineral Potential Assessment. This condition has now
been met by the Government with the approval on 8th September, 2004 by Cabinet on the
MRA Submission.
iii) Geological Hazards and Monitoring
PNG has received considerable benefit in the past from the assistance of SOPAC in
efforts to mitigate the effects of natural disasters. There is a need to increase awareness to
save cost in all sectors in order to bring real development to the rural population. It is
sincerely hoped that this co-operation will continue and the EU EDF8/SOPAC Project is
expected to accelerate disaster awareness and save lives. Funds can be saved by collaboration
and real rural development can eventuate and we are eager to advance this project in PNG.
PNG has experienced several damaging natural disasters in the recent past. GSPNG
has been involved in carrying out assessments and investigations into some of these disasters.
However, much work and ongoing observations have been severely constrained by financial
difficulties and lack of appropriate equipment. Port of Lae City for example, remained on the
SOPAC agenda, awaiting another submarine or terrestrial landslide. SOPAC is requested to
assist in the data collection as part of the Lae City Project.
iv) Regional Geoscience Mapping
GSPNG has executed Component 5 of the World Bank Project, concerning the
geological mapping in Wau-Bulolo Area. This area was originally selected because of the
past alluvial gold rush and present high concentration of grass root mining and the fieldwork
was aimed at assisting to increase output of gold production and revenue to PNG. Detailed
geological mapping and re-interpretation of the geology has been completed and preparation
of a report is in progress. The report when completed will form part of the databank required
in order to lure investment to PNG. This is part of our Strategic Planning to increase
exploration and revenue for the country. We hope geological mapping and ground follow-up
work of the remotely sensed data will increase our exploration potential complemented by
aeromagnetic survey in the near future.
It is believed that the conversion of the Department into an Authority will see most of
our strategic planning work come into fruition with added funding and human resources, the
two main areas of deficiency that the Department and the Government of PNG has suffered
from for a long time.

187

15-18 November 2004
Tsukuba, Japan

of
The Philippines
Submitted by
Griselda J.G. Bausa
Delegation of the Philippines
(For Agenda Item 3)

189


Country:
THE PHILIPPINES
Period:
1 July 2003 30 June 2004
1.1. Summary
Promotion of Investments in Mineral Resource Revitalization of the Minerals
Industry. The issuance of Executive Order No. 270 in January 2004 has finally outlined the
National Policy Agenda on Revitalizing Mining in the Philippines. EO 270 underscored the
principles that will guide the revitalization of the industry based on the points of convergence
reached during the nine-month consultation process among the government, industry, civil
society and other stakeholders. Anchored on these principles, the Minerals Action Plan was
formulated and was recently approved by the President.
The Mines and Geosciences Bureau (MGB) conducted assessment of several areas for
possible inclusion in the Mineral Reservation Areas of the Philippines. Also, exploration
activities for copper and gold in the western Surigao del Norte Agusan del Norte Mineral
District in Mindanao Island, Southern Philippines were carried out in August-September
2003 and July-August 2004 under the RP-Korea Project.
On 16 January 2004, President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo issued E.O. 270 outlining
the National Policy Agenda on Revitalizing Mining in the Philippines, boosting the
governments efforts to resuscitate the industry. The National Policy Agenda is crucial to the
revitalization of the minerals industry because it focuses on the policy gaps in mineral
resources management that the Mining Act of 1995 and other existing policies were not able
to address.
EO 270, as amended 20 April 2004, provides for the revitalization of the industry
through the promotion of responsible mining that adheres to the principles of sustainable
development: economic growth, environmental protection and social equity. The guiding
principles towards this direction are:
Critical role of investments in the mineral industry;

Clear, stable and predictable investment and regulatory policies;
Value-adding of minerals and mineral products;
Promotion of the small-scale mining sector as a formal sector;
Use of efficient technologies in extraction and utilization of minerals;

191
Integration of environmental protection, mitigation and progressive rehabilitation

in mining operations;
Safeguard the ecological integrity of areas affected by mining including
biodiversity and small-island ecosystem;
Pursuit of multiple land use and sustainable utilization of minerals;
Remediation and rehabilitation of abandoned mines;
Equitable sharing of economic and social benefits from mining;
Enhancement of public awareness and respect for the rights of communities; and,
Institutionalize a continuous and meaningful consultation process with industry
and all other stakeholders.
This 12-point principle was the final output of the National Mining Conference held
on 4-5 December 2003 involving the different stakeholder groups all over the country and
became the basis for the National Policy Agenda on Revitalizing Mining in the Philippines.
The Order also directed the Department of Environment and Natural Resources
(DENR) to formulate the draft Minerals Action Plan (MAP) based on these principles in
consultation with all stakeholders.
Pursuant to EO 270, on 27 January 2004, the DENR Secretary assigned the concerned
DENR offices to undertake the preparation of the MAP. The DENR Undersecretary for
Policy and Planning, with the assistance of the Planning and Policy Office, provided the
overall coordination and supervision in the preparation of the MAP. The detailed Minerals
Action Plan was crafted by the inter-agency working groups and consists of 32 issues, 57
strategies/action agenda, and 126 specific measures. The MAP was subjected to consultations
with the Minerals Industry, professional groups and academia, civil society and the media on
April and May 2004. The Final Draft incorporated most of the comments of other agencies,
and the Minerals Industry and civil society/non-governmental organizations. The MAP was
officially approved by the President in September 2004.
In line with this, the DENR-MGB, in coordination with the Department of Trade and
Industry (DTI), pursued initiatives and reforms aimed at establishing a better investment
climate for mining and related projects. These reforms and initiatives include:
Simplification of Procedures in the Grant of Mining Rights and Contracts. The

DENR-MGB streamlined the procedures in the award of mining contracts and permits
through the issuance of Department Administrative Order No. 2003-46 amending the
Revised Implementing Rules and Regulations of Republic Act No. 7942, otherwise
known as the Philippine Mining Act of 1995, and the approval of Department
Memorandum Order (MO) No. 2003-08. These policy-reforms reduced processing
time for mining applications by as much as 17 months, making possible the approval
of mining rights and contracts in 6 or 7 months.
Establishment of Regional One-Stop Shop Committees for Area Clearances. The

DENR issued MO No. 2003-08 implementing a 15-day limit for actions in mining
applications through the One-Stop Shop Committees (OSSC) in every region. The
operationalization of OSSC is expected to automatically expedite the issuance of Area
Status and Clearance issued by the various DENR units for mining applications.

192
Establishment of the Mining Investment Assistance Center. A joint DENR-DTI

Memorandum Circular No. 2003-02 was issued establishing the Mining Investment
Assistance Center (MIAC) at the MGB Central Office to serve as an information,
coordination, and advisory body to guide and assist potential investors in setting up
investment and mineral-related business activities in the country.
The MIAC established necessary linkages with the various government agencies
having specific authorities and responsibilities relative to the processing and approval of
mining applications, including the National Commission on Indigenous People (NCIP), the
Department of Interior and Local Government (DILG), the DTI, and the Board of
Investments (BOI).
The MGB conducted field assessment in Luzon, Visayas and Mindanao for possible
declaration as Mineral Reservation Areas. Specifically, the following areas were evaluated
for their mineral reserves:
a)
b)
c)
d)
Aksitero Formation in Tarlac for Bentonite and Zeolite

Northern Palawan for Rare Earth Elements (REE)
Northern Panay for high-Ca limestone
North Davao for copper and gold
For the RP-Korea Project, the following activities were completed for the duration of
the review period:
a) Detailed grid soil sampling of the gold prospect and semi-detailed soil sampling of
the copper prospect in Surigao del Norte were conducted in 2003. A follow-up
survey consisting of detailed to semi-detailed mapping and channel sampling was
conducted in 2004.
b) An expanded MOU between the DENR-MGB and Korea Resources Corporation
(KORES) was signed in June 2004 to include other areas with mineral potential in
the Philippines as possible project sites.
1.3. Proposed Activities and Assistance Required from CCOP in Support of Future
Activities
Follow-up studies are proposed for the Aksitero Formation in Tarlac for Bentonite
and Zeolite, Northern Palawan for REE and Northern Panay for high-Ca limestone. A
recommendation to the DENR for the declaration of the North Davao as a copper and gold
mineral reservation should be prepared.
Under the RP-Korea Project, pending results of the most recent field survey in
Surigao del Norte, a decision will be taken whether a follow-up survey in the area is
warranted or whether project activities should shift to another area.
2. ENERGY PROGRAMME
2.1. Summary
The Philippines attained a level of 54 percent energy self-sufficiency in 2003 with
indigenous renewable energy, natural gas, geothermal, hydro, coal and oil sources supplying
140 million barrels fuel oil equivalent (MMBFOE) of the countrys energy demand.
193
For the review period, around 152 MMBFOE of energy was produced locally from
oil, natural gas, coal, geothermal and other renewable energy sources of the Philippines.
With an output of around 70 MMBFOE in the first half of 2004, or 46 percent of the years
projected production, the country is geared towards achieving its year-end energy selfsufficiency target of 55.5 percent.
To meet this target, the Department of Energy (DOE) also continued to embark on
projects and activities to help intensify exploration, development and utilization of
indigenous energy resources. These projects included the holding of the First Philippine
Petroleum Public Contracting Round (PCR-1) and the Philippine Geothermal 1 aimed at
promoting investments in both the upstream petroleum and geothermal industries.
The DOE also launched the Renewable Energy Policy Framework (REPF) in May
2003 to encourage increased private-sector participation in the development and utilization of
the countrys renewable energy (RE) sources. For hydro in particular, doubling of the
existing hydropower capacity is targeted for the next ten years.
2.2.1. The Philippine Energy Mix (2003)
(Note: The DOE prepares the energy mix figures on an annual basis, hence, no midyear figures are available.)
In 2003, the countrys indigenous sources of renewable energy, natural gas,
geothermal, hydro, coal and oil contributed a total of 140 MMBFOE or 54 percent of the
MMBFOE energy requirements of the Philippines.
Overall, imported oil remained as the
countrys major source of primary energy (37
percent share or 95 MMBFOE in the energy mix
supply), with the three largest consumers coming
from the residential (37%), transport (29%), and
industrial (25%) sectors.
2.2.2. Energy Sector Developments
1) Upstream Petroleum Sector
Contracts
Presently, half of the eight Petroleum
Service Contracts (SC) in the country are in their
exploration stage while the others are already in the
production stage. On the other hand, three of the
five Geophysical Survey and Exploration Contracts
(GSEC) are now for conversion to SC.

194
The DOE also received seven SC applications that are currently at different stages of
negotiation.
Production
Oil (Mbbl)
Nido
38.2
Matinloc
44.4
Gas (bcf)
Total San Antonio
82.6
0.32
Malampaya
98.5
Total
98.8
Condensate
(Mbbl)
Malampaya
5,014
The Nido and Matinloc fields, both located offshore NW Palawan, contributed 46%
and 54%, respectively, to the total oil production of the Philippines during the period. Natural
gas and the accompanying condensate were mainly sourced from the Malampaya field in
offshore NW Palawan. The only producing gas field outside NW Palawan is the San Antonio
in Cagayan that fuels a 3-MW power plant.
Wells Drilled
Operator/Contract No./
Location
Well Name
Date Spudded/
Completed
Well Status/ Remarks
Forum Exploration, Inc./

SC-40/N Cebu (Onshore)
FORUM-1X
May 2 June 3, 2003
Temporary suspended
w/ oil shows
Alcorn Gold Resources

Corp./GSEC-93/ NW
Leyte (Onshore)
TAGHARIGUE-1
June 21Aug. 14, 2003
P&A

FORUM-1X/A
July 21Aug. 4, 2003
Temporarily suspended w/
oil shows

FORUM-2X
Sept. 12 Oct. 22, 2003
Conducted open hole

testing w/ flowrate of
217,000 cfd
FORUM-3X
Nov. 4-30, 2003
Temporarily suspended
No.
5
6
7

(SC-40)/N Cebu
(Onshore)
UNOCAL Sulu, Ltd./SC41/ Sulu Sea (Offshore)
UNOCAL Sulu, Ltd./SC41/ Sulu Sea (Offshore)
ZEBRA-1
RHINO-1
June 20 27, 2004

June 29 July 12, 2004
P&A
P&A
Geophysical Survey
A total of 2,200 line kilometers of 2D seismic data was acquired by DGC Veritas for
UNOCALs SC-41 area in September 2003. Most of the contractors are in the processing and
interpretation phases of their exploration.
First Philippine Petroleum Public Contracting Round (PCR-1)
The PCR-1 was funded by NORAD through the recently concluded Philippine
Petroleum Exploration Investment Promotion (PhilPRO) Project. The round opened on 5
August 2003 and offered 46 offshore blocks located in NW Palawan and Sulu Sea.

195
Four international companies applied as a group for two blocks in the Sulu Sea when
the PCR-1 closed in March 2004. These are BHP Billiton Petroleum Great Britain Ltd
(Operator), Unocal Sulu Ltd., Sandakan Oil, LLC and Amerada Hess (Philippines) Limited.
Negotiations between the group and the DOE for the Service Contract over the blocks are
ongoing.
2) Geothermal
Contracts
There are eight active geothermal Service Contracts in the country that are held either by the
Philippine National Oil CompanyEnergy Development Corporation (PNOC-EDC) or the
Philippine Geothermal, Incorporated (PGI).
Electricity Generation
For the review period, the total electricity generated by the countrys geothermal plants was
8,402 GWh (24.5 MMBFOE).

196
Wells Drilled
Contractor
PNOC-EDC
Well
Location
5R-13D, MG-35D, 313, Leyte
419D, MG-10RD
BUL 110, BUL 111
Makiling-Banahaw
PGI
The Philippine Geothermal 1
During the first quarter of 2004, the DOE conducted the Philippine Geothermal 1 to
attract international and local investments in geothermal exploration and development, as
well as encourage the entry of modern and innovative technologies in the industry. The areas
offered were classified as either expansion/optimization of existing fields or exploration and
development projects. Out of the 23 geothermal areas, 10 prospects were selected based on
technical, environmental and legal merits.
3) Coal
COAL OPERATING CONTRACTORS
Contracts
D.M. Wenceslao and
Associates was awarded
a
Coal
Operating
Contract (COC) in June
2004 to develop and
exploit the coal areas in
Iguig,
Cagayan
Province bringing to 11
the total number of
COC in the country.
There are also 34 Small
Scale Coal Mining
permit holders that
contribute
to
the
countrys local coal
production.
CAGAYAN VALLEY
PNOC-Exploration Corp.
COC No. 122 dated December 23, 1997
Contract Area: Cauayan, Isabela
BATAN ISLAND
Coal Mountain Ventures, Inc. (UG)
COC No. 104 dated May 14, 1991
Contract Area: Liguan, Batan Island, Rapu-Rapu, Albay
CEBU
INIMACO (UG)
SEMIRARA ISLAND
COC No. 9 dated March 14, 1978
Semirara Coal Corporation (OP)
Contract Area: Argao & Dalaguete
COC No.5 dated June 11, 1977

Contract Area: Semirara Island, Antique
Luvimin Cebu Mining Corp. (UG)

COC No. 16 dated November 28, 1978
Contract Area: Dalaguete
Manguerra Mining & Devt. Corp. (UG)

COC No. 13 dated June 27, 1978
Contract Area: Dalaguete
ZAMBOANGA DEL SUR
With the submission to

the
DOE
of
12
applications for COC,
increased coal exploration activities are anticipated in the immediate
future.
PNOC-CC- TOMC (UG)

COC No. 41 dated August 14, 1980
LEGEND:
Coal Operating Contract Exploration
Coal Operating Contract Development/Production
UG Underground Mining Method
OP Open Pit Mining Method
SOUTH COTABATO &

SULTAN KUDARAT
Daguma Agro-Mineral, Inc.
Production
For the first time since 1977, actual coal production has reached the two million tons mark.
The 2.32 million metric tons of run-of-mine coal output was attained with the increased
production of the countrys major coal producers, Semirara Mining Corporation and PNOCTaiwan Overseas Mining Company (TOMC).
197
4) Hydro
Contracts
There are 52 existing mini-hydro plants in the Philippines with a total installed
capacity of 89 MW. Of these, 14 have been awarded Mini-hydro Operating Contracts
(MOCs) by the DOE by virtue of Republic Act No. 7156 or the Mini-hydroelectric Power
Incentives Act of 1991, and are owned and operated by the private sector. Three mini-hydro
projects which were awarded operating contracts in 2004 are currently being constructed.
The National Power Corporation owns seven mini-hydro plants, four of which have
been sold to the private sector in 2004 as part of the privatization program under Republic
Act. No. 9136 or the Electric Power Industry Reform Act (EPIRA) of 2001.
The National Electrification Administration administers 19 mini-hydro plants which
are operated by the rural electric cooperatives. The National Irrigation Administration owns
and operates the Baligatan mini-hydro plant in Isabela.
Production
Recognizing the potential of renewable energy (RE) resources as a strategic fuel
option for the Philippines, the DOE launched the Renewable Energy Policy Framework
(REPF) in May 2003 to promote the development and utilization of RE resources particularly
for rural development and off-grid electrification. REPF aims, among others, to add 2,950MW hydropower capacity, doubling the existing 3,343 MW capacity by 2013.
Two of the already committed projects include the 419-MW Kalayaan Pumped
Storage Hydropower Project in Laguna and the 400-MW San Roque Hyro Plant in San
Manuel, Pangasinan.
(Please visit the DOE website www.doe.gov.ph for details on the Philippine energy sector.)
Activities
Capacity-building Project: Enhancement of Cooperation and Sharing of Geoscientific

Knowledge for the Sustainable Development of the Petroleum Resources in the
CCOP Region (Phase I)
This project aims to achieve a regional understanding of the petroleum potential of

selected shared basins in the region including the Sulu Sea basin of the Philippines shared
with the NE Sabah basin of Malaysia.
The DOE is committed to provide manpower resources and declassified information
on the basin in support of the project, and would like to request the CCOP Technical
Secretariat to facilitate the immediate implementation of the above-proposed activity, as this
project will, in a large measure, complement the ongoing petroleum-related activities of the
DOE.

198
3.1. Summary
Activities of the MGB under the Groundwater Resource Program include gathering of
hydrogeologic data and preparation of hydrogeologic maps and reports nationwide,
particularly in areas as requested by concerned local government units (LGUs). Outputs of
these surveys and studies are utilized by water resource researchers, planners and decision
makers in the proper development and management of the countrys groundwater resources.
Up to the early 1990s, the MGB initiated reconnaissance, semi-detailed and detailed
hydrogeological surveys covering more than 80% of the country. Results and outputs of the
survey were presented in unpublished and published reports and maps. Based on the program
and accomplished activities for the Year 2003 (January-December), the hydrogeological
assessment conducted nationwide to verify the sustainability of aquifers as sources of
domestic or agricultural water to rural areas was estimated to cover approximately 36,624
hectares. However, the period which cover the months of January to July 2004 has yet to be
published by the ROs as activities were still at in progress status.
Activities
The MGB will embark on an intensive water resource and vulnerability program
covering major urban and rural growth areas in the country, foremost of which are areas that
are being depleted and are currently experiencing groundwater contamination. The
Groundwater Resource Program will focus on 800 identified LGU areas with problems of
finding viable water resources and of deteriorating water quality. The program likewise
includes another 310 LGUs currently experiencing acute water problems.
In support of the Clean Water Act of 2004, the MGB, in coordination with other
government agencies, will undertake a groundwater vulnerability-mapping program (at
1:250,000 scale) over the entire country. Initially, the mapping program will target highly
populated urban areas, i.e., Cebu City, Davao City, Dagupan City, Legazpi City. This major
activity is expected to be implemented in 2005 and as a preparation, the MGB is currently
undertaking research on the methodologies and approaches to conduct groundwater
vulnerability mapping and monitoring, subject to the Implementing Rules and Regulations of
the Clean Water Act of 2004.
The CCOP proposal on a Groundwater Management Program will considerably
contribute to the groundwater resource and vulnerability program of the Philippines, and
therefore, this country requests the CCOP to initiate the project.

199
4.1. Summary
As a component of the MGB Coastal Zone Program, geoscientific field study and data
acquisition were carried out along the eastern part of Lingayen Gulf in Northwestern Luzon
to determine the coastal degradation problems and their causative factors and processes as
well as to recommend appropriate mitigation measures.
Field approaches and methodologies include photo and video documentation, littoral
environment observations, interviews, boundary surveys and sea bottom topographic surveys
covering about 20,000 hectares.
The survey results disclosed the different factors and processes influencing coastal
changes and bringing about coastal geohazards. These are waves, tides, currents, climate,
geologic structures, lithology, sea bottom topography, global sea-level rise, and human
development activities.
Coastal erosion, siltation and flooding were among the coastal geo-environmental
problems identified in the study area. Likewise, the voluminous sediment supplied by the
Bauang and Aringay Rivers and the southward direction of the prevailing longshore current
in Lingayen Gulf were deduced to be the key players in the formation/evolution of the AgooSto. Tomas Sand Spit which has grown southward by about 2.2 km since 1977.
Activities
A monitoring program for documenting shoreline changes along the west coast of
Luzon Island including coastal areas along Lingayen Gulf extending north to Ilocos Norte is
proposed using both quantitative and qualitative approaches. The quantitative approach
includes the use of conventional ground survey methods. The qualitative approach comprises
simple and immediate visual assessments of shore morphology, supplemented by analysis of
photographs and videos.
The program is divided into two phases. Phase 1 will comprise baseline profiling
activities to determine historical changes in coastal profiles and margins, and the setting-up of
benchmarks and transect lines for future regular monitoring. Under Phase 2, benchmarks and
transects established during Phase 1 activity will be reoccupied and re-surveyed at least
annually. The long-term annual rate of change will be determined and event-specific changes
will be differentiated.
The monitoring program will require sustained and continuous monitoring for a
period of seven years (two years for Phase 1 and 5 years for Phase 2).

200
The main output of this monitoring program are regional and site-specific coastal
erosion hazard maps and reports for use as inputs for improving local and national coastal
environment and land-use management policies.
5.1. Summary
Geohazard mapping is one of the priority activities of the MGB for the year.
Currently, a project funded by UNDP (Dec 2003 Dec 2004) requires the production of
geohazard maps at 1:50,000 for 9 and 1:10,000 scales for 18 selected areas. Criteria for site
selection and method of analysis, both for desktop GIS and field mapping procedures, were
standardized to be used by all MGB Regional Offices. This activity offers GIS training and
field mapping services for all the 15 MGB Regional Offices.
In response to the 10-Point Programme of National Government, production of
geohazard maps will be prioritized in the next six (6) years. Depending on the budget
allocated by the government, 225 maps at 1:50,000 scale (approx. 750 km2 per map) are
targeted as first priority areas for geohazard mapping.
Below is a tabulation of the maps processed and assessed by the MGB (July 2003
June 2004):
Regular MGB Programme

Under UNDP Project
Number of Maps Assessed

1:50,000
1:10,000
10 areas completed
2 areas completed
4 areas completed
5 areas ongoing
5 areas completed
13 areas ongoing
Activities
Collaborative project for the study of flood and flash flood modeling and
analysis to be implemented for the geohazard mapping assessment.
Assistance for the acquisition and training on the analysis, processing and
interpretation of satellite images for geohazard assessment.

6.1. Summary
Waste disposal site selection and assessment were conducted to identify geologically
suitable landfills and waste disposal sites. The survey took into consideration several
criteria/factors such as geology, topography, depth to groundwater, soil cover, and distance to
source.

201
Republic Act No. 9003, the Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000,
mandates the DENR, through the MGB, to provide technical and other capability-building
assistance and support to the LGUs. Specifically, this technical assistance entails a site
suitability assessment of LGU identified sanitary landfill sites.
The conduct of geological studies of possible waste disposal sites, and assessment of
the existing landfill sites by geologic mapping, site characterization and assessment, and
institution of related hydro-geologic and geochemical studies covered ninety eight (98) sites
for the period. Endorsement or rejection of disposal dumpsites follows the minimum
criteria/requirements of the Environmental Management Bureau (EMB) as follows:
a. the site should not be located in or up gradient of shallow unconfined aquifers for
drinking water;
b. the site should not be located within 300m up gradient of any surface waters used
for drinking purposes;
c. the site should not be located in areas with an average return period between 50 to
100 years for an earthquake magnitude 6 or greater;
d. the site should not be located within 500m from active fault lines;
e. the site should not be located in soft and settling soils (sand, coarse sand and fine
sand) with potential for liquefaction;
f. the site should not be located in areas with ground slopes nominally greater than
20%;
g. the site should not be in areas prone to flooding, also avoid lakes, swamps and
low-lying coastal areas; and,
h. the site should be sufficient for a landfill with a target life of not less than 5 years.
Of the 98 sites evaluated, 25 were assessed favorable for development as waste
disposal sites, 44 were recommended for consideration as possible disposal sites but with
conditions and 21 were rejected.
Using the minimum criteria for landfill site selection, eight (8) open dumpsites that
were assessed for possible conversion to sanitary landfill sites in Rizal Province failed in
terms of compliance with the requirements set and enforced by the DENR-Environmental
Management Bureau.
It was, therefore, recommended that if in the future, the only site available and
selected is in a sloping area, one should consider stripping off the site to produce a level
surface. Moreover, protective structures such as fencing should be constructed not only at the
entry point (to conceal eyesores, especially along major roads), but also along the perimeter
and at the back, to avoid transport of waste into the adjacent ravine/gully, which might be
feeding water to creeks of rivers. One can also consider rip rapping in addition to fencing.
Overall, the program assisted urban and municipal governments in implementing
geoscientific and technical measures to improve their respective solid waste management
systems.

202
Activities
In line with the flagship program of the National Government, MGB will provide the
LGUs technical assistance in finding suitable and environmentally safe sites for solid waste
disposal. The major program will cover 300 urban and rural areas which are presently
experiencing problems in finding suitable solid waste disposal sites, 200 of which are
experiencing critical problems of solid waste disposal.
7.1. Summary
The MGB has continued to archive, digitize and print geologic quadrangle and marine
geoscientific maps. Likewise, under the Geological Bibliographic Database Systems
(GEOBIBS), geological references are continuously being encoded to cater for the needs of
the geoscience community.
Ten (10) geologic quadrangle maps and twelve marine geoscientific maps were
digitized. The quadrangle maps include areas in Zambales, Pangasinan and Palawan in
Western Philippines and in Nueva Ecija in Central Luzon. The marine geoscientific maps
include areas in Northeast and Central Philippines, the Sulu Sea and the South China Sea.
Under the GEOBIBS, the total number of entries or geological references encoded
was 5,327 as of June 2004. This constituted 1,864 references encoded and submitted by the
MGB Regional Office and 3,463 references encoded by the MGB Central Office.
Activities
Assistance for software acquisition to be used in the enhancement stage of the

webpage for online searching of GEOBIBS;
Training for geo-information management for both software/hardware

maintenance within the Central and Regional Offices of the MGB; and,
The MGB with its vision to provide information and services to the mining public
is proposing to embark on an Integrated Strategic Mining Information System
Project (ISMIS). The plan is to adopt policies and industry practices on the use of
information technology in the mining sector. Forging partnerships with industry,
non-governmental organizations, academia and other government agencies will be
pursued in order to develop and manage the required computer and
communication infrastructure. A major component system development and
maintenance for ISMIS will include the technical information systems covering
geological information and services, mineral right management and mining
economics and industry information among several others.

203

15-18 November 2004
Tsukuba, Japan

of
Thailand
Submitted by
Thailand
(For Agenda Item 3)

205


Country:
THAILAND
Period:
1 July 2003 30 June 2004
1.1. Summary
During the review period, the Department of Mineral Resources (DMR) carried out
mineral exploration under the Mineral Exploration and Evaluation Project in five areas with
mineral potential. The Ping watershed area in northern Thailand was explored for regional
natural resources. An offshore geophysical survey was carried out in Phang-nga bay,
Southern Thailand.
The Mineral Exploration and Evaluation Project was approved by the cabinet in
1999. The project aims to speed up exploration for minerals in areas of high potential, to
enable integrated natural resources management, by subcontracting private companies to
carry out the exploration supervised by DMR. In 2004, five mineral potential areas were
selected and explored as follows: (1) Mae Cham area in the north, (2) Suwannakhuha area in
the northeast, (3) Kabin Buri area in the east, (4) Prasaeng area in the south, and (5) Chon
Dan area in the central. Several potential mineral resources such as gold, base metals, and tintungsten were discovered.
The reconnaissance survey for mineral resources of the Ping watershed area in
Chiang Mai Province was also carried out both by the DMR and by the private sector
subcontracted by the DMR in order to use basic data for future natural resources
management.
An offshore geophysical survey using shallow seismic, side-scan sonar and echosounder methods was carried out in Phang-nga bay, Southern Thailand, to collect general
information on the geography and geology for natural resource and environmental
rehabilitation and conservation under a project of the Ministry of Natural Resources and
Environment.

207
2. ENERGY PROGRAMME
2.1. Summary
Exploration activities: in terms of seismic survey activity was clearly increasing
compared to the previous year.
Production of crude oil totalling approximately 89,000 bbl/d had been produced
during July 2003 to end of June 2004. The natural gas production was about 2,150 mmscbfd
in 2003. Condensate also increased by around 15% to about 66,800 bbl/d in 2003. Onshore
crude oil production was approximately 20% of the total amount while the majority of natural
gas is from the Gulf of Thailand. Coal is still being required to an amount as high as 25
million tons while only 18 million tons of domestic coal can be supplied. The total coal
consumption in Thailand is almost the same amount as last year while the imported coal is
higher by 26%.
a) Petroleum Concessions
As the end of year 2003, 33 concessions (14 onshore and 19 offshore areas) with a
total area for exploration of 111,690.38 km2 and 9,890.84 km2 for production had been
awarded to the concessionaires.
Location
Onshore
Gulf of Thailand
Number of
Concessions
14
19
Number of
Blocks
17
26
Total Areas (km2)

Exploration
Production
41,018.00
260.71
70,672.38
9,630.13
Remarks: Data as the end of 2003
Seven new production area applications (PAA) have been awarded. Six of these are
located in the Gulf of Thailand. They are listed as follows:
1. North Benchamas is located in B8/32 block of Chevron Offshore (Thailand) Ltd.
in the Gulf of Thailand and covered an area of 124.73 km2.
2. East Yala, located in 10A block of Unocal Thailand Ltd., covered the area of
194.882 km2.
3. Erawan-Baanpot, located in B12 and B13 blocks of Unocal Thailand Ltd., covered
344.8 km2.
4. North Tra, located in B11 and B11A blocks of Unocal Thailand Ltd, covered
215.091 km2.
5. Greater Plamuk-Surat, located in B10 and B11 blocks of Unocal Thailand Ltd.
covered 459.84 km2.
6. Rajpruek, located in B9A block of Chevron Offshore (Thailand) Ltd., covered 80
km2.
7. Phu Horm, situated on EU1 and E5 blocks of Amerada Hess (Thailand) Limited,
covered 230.24 km2 in the Khorat Plateau.

208
b) New Petroleum Licensed Aapplications (PLA)

At the end of the 18th Bidding Round on 11th July 2004, a total of 14 concession
blocks have been awarded since July 2003. There were 3 blocks located in the Gulf of
Thailand and 11 blocks in the onshore basins. Details of the PLA are tabled below:
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
BLOCK NAME
G4/43
G5/43
G9/43
L10/43
L11/43
L21/43
L22/43
L15/43
L27/43
L33/43
L44/43
L53/43
L54/43
L71/43
LOCATION
Gulf of Thailand
Gulf of Thailand
Gulf of Thailand
NA.
NA.
NA.
NA.
Khorat Plateau
Khorat Plateau
Phetchbun basin
Phetchbun basin
Suphanburi basin
Suphanburi basin
Khian Sa basin
OPERATOR
Chevron Offshore
NuCoastal Thailand
PTTEP International
Siam Moeco
Siam Moeco
CNPCHK Thailand
PTTEP International
NuCoastal Thailand
NuCoastal Thailand
Pacific Tiger
Pacific Tiger
PTTEP International
PTTEP International
SVS Energy Resources
c) Exploration and Production activities

For exploration, there were not many activities for geophysical survey during the
period from July 2003 to June 2004. Only 3D seismic surveys were conducted both onshore
and offshore. The China National Petroleum Corporation conducted 114.8 km2 of survey over
L21/43 Block, which is located to the Southeast of the S1 Block of the PTTEP Siam, in the
southern part of the Phitsanulok basin. In the Gulf of Thailand, Pearl Oil conducted a 3D
seismic survey of 71.4 km2 over the B5/27 block.
Production activities are as follow;
-
25 exploratory wells have been reported from July 2003 to the end of June 2004.
Three wells were drilled in the onshore basins and 22 drilled in the Gulf of
Thailand.
Development wells have been documented at 227 wells. Of these, 8 wells were
drilled in the onshore while 219 wells were drilled in the Gulf of Thailand.
The production of natural gas was 2,150 million cubic feet a day (mmscbfd), 7%
higher, while the condensate was approximately 66,700 barrel per day (bbl/d),
16% higher than last year at the same period.
The crude oil production was about 89,000 bbl/d, a decrease of about 0.5% from
last year.
In terms of Crude Oil Equivalence, Thailand produced an average daily rate of
about 523,937 bbl (approximately 7% higher than last year) from indigenous oil
and gas fields. It provided approximately 48% of the total country demand.
d) Coalbed Methane (CBM) Project

Responding to the government policy relevant to sustainable energy, the Department
of Mineral Fuels subcontracted Suranaree University of Technology and Chiang Mai
209
University to carry out CBM studies in Mae Tha Basin and the Mae Lamao Basin, Northern
Thailand, respectively. The results of these studies will be summarized and reported around
December 2004. Another CBM study has been carried out since July 2003 in the Khiansa
basin, Southern Thailand, by SVS Co., Ltd. Two wells have been drilled without success due
to the relatively thin and split coal seams. However, CBM is still expected to be one of the
alternative sources of energy to supply more sustainable energy in Thailand.
e) Drilling and Production Activities
Drilling
Exploration
Development
(Wells)
(Wells)
25
227
* mmscbfd
** bcpd
*** bopd
Gas
(mmscbfd*)
2,146
Production
Condensate
(bcpd**)
66,758
Oil
(bopd***)
88,922
: million standard cubic feet per day

: barrel of condensate per day
: barrel of oil per day
f) Geophysical Activities
3D seismic (sq.km2)
186.2
Geophysical Activities
Magnetic (line-km)
-
Gravity (line-km)
-
Future Activities
The following help and advice is required:
a) Marginal field development: To understand various factors constituting
marginal fields, it will be useful to have guidance to understand marginal fields
and the ways to promote them to be economical fields.
b) Petroleum reserve audit: To exchange the experiences of the governing bodies
among CCOP Member Countries in their petroleum reserves audit.
c) Offshore petroleum platform decommissioning: To learn how to minimize the
effects of decommissioning platform activities.
d) Petroleum field unitized development: To learn the techniques of how to
manage and operate petroleum resources with shared reservoirs and/or facilities.
e) Thin sand reservoir development: To gain new techniques that can be applied to
multi-layered thin sand reservoirs.
2.4. Others
The Department of Mineral Fuels (DMF) sent staff to participate in all Petroleum
Policy Management (PPM) case studies in Cambodia, Indonesia, The Philippines and China.

210
3.1. Summary
In Thailand, the main groundwater activities are under supervision of the Department
of Groundwater Resources (DGR) which has been established since October 3, 2002
according to the governmental reform. The DGRs main activities are concerned with
managing the groundwater supply system for rural areas all over the country, as well as
carrying out studies, research and control of groundwater usage in Bangkok and its suburban
areas.
The list of on-going projects in the review period are as followed:
a) Groundwater Development:
Groundwater development for domestic supply: 1,000 units.
Groundwater development for tourist authority: 50 units.
Training and disseminating groundwater development technologies to local
authorities at 1,500 locations.
b) Groundwater Resources Management and Land Subsidence in Bangkok and
vicinity area:
Conducted 95 more monitoring wells at 33 stations.
c) Groundwater Resource Conservation and Restoration. Groundwater Quality
Assessment and Protection:
Study of Groundwater Quality Assessment and Protection in the Central Plain
of Thailand.
d) Groundwater Potential Assessment:
Northeastern Thailand (5 Provinces)
Lower Central Plain of Thailand.
Pakphanang basin, Southern Thailand.
Songkhla basin, Southern Thailand.
e) Groundwater Act B.E. 2520 Implementation:
Permit for groundwater development licenses.
f) Groundwater Monitoring:
Collected data from 822 monitoring wells.
g) Groundwater Database and Information:
Developed Local Area Network system for 3 main offices.
Constructed website www.dgr.go.th
Completed transfer of data of well information into Groundwater Database
Future Activities
It is intended to find the best methods to assess the groundwater potential for
groundwater management. Guidance is required for study and research in groundwater
resources conservation and restoration.
211
3.4. Other
Thailand (DGR) has submitted a paper entitled Study of Groundwater Potential by
Groundwater Simulation in the Lower Central Plain for the thematic session of the CCOP
Annual Session.
4.1. Summary
The coastal resources in Thailand are valuable natural endowments that need to be
managed for present and future generations in order to maintain an ecological balance. This is
of great ecological and socioeconomic importance.
The Department of Mineral Resources (DMR), Department of Marine and Coastal
Resources (DMCR) and Office of Natural Resources and Environmental Policy and Planning
formulated a draft National Plan for coastal protection and management under the supervision
of the Director General of DMR.
DMR and DMCR also conducted the on-going projects for coastal mitigation and
management plans in the Southern Region.
Thailand has a coastline of about 2,600 km. in 23 out of 76 provinces along the Gulf
of Thailand and the Andaman Sea with a population of about 15 million. The main problems
relating to development and management of the coastal resources include coastal land
degradation, excessive exploitation of resources, conflicting use, gaps in the relevant laws
and regulations, and lack of a Coastal Resources Management Plan and of implementation
strategies.
DMR, DMCR and the Office of Natural Resources and Environmental Policy and
Planning were assigned by the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment as the main
agencies to implement the resources development policies and planning, and to promote
cooperation among the relevant agencies.
Recently, the draft National Plan for coastal protection and management was
formulated under the supervision of the Director General of DMR and should be proposed to
the Cabinet for approval within this year. This plan is focused particularly on a mitigation
action plan, restoration of the natural resources and environment of the coastal area, revision
of regulations and enforcement of coastal management and development and establishment of
national networks of government agencies and the public sector.
DMR, in close cooperation with DMCR has conducted on-going projects for studying
the causes of coastal erosion and a mitigation plan at 2 areas, Nakorn Sri Thammarat and
Pattani Provinces, and also a feasibility study of a connecting channel to the Panare sea coast,
212
Pattani province. The results will provide geological and relevant multidisciplinary
information on the assessment for coastal zone management as well as hazard mitigation
measures for the country.
Future Activities
In 2005, DMR will conduct a project on the causes of coastal erosion and formulation
of a mitigation plan at the coastal area of Nakorn Sri Thammarat Songkhla Province. This
project is expecting to provide mitigation action plans for areas at risk of coastal erosion and
a database system of coastal change for future coastal management of the country. The views
of local people will be taken into account.
Consultant experts from cooperating countries of CCOP are required to assist in
developing comprehensive strategy and management systems of the coastal zone, numerical
models for coastal erosion prediction and coastal engineering.
5.1. Summary
After a nationwide landslide risk map at the scale of 1:250,000 had been
accomplished in July 2003, villages at risk in 51 provinces were identified. Thereafter, 2,355
villages at risk were identified on the risk map. A manual on landslide prevention and a list of
landslide risk villages of the country as well as a cartoon booklet titled Participation in
landslide prevention were published and disseminated to the public.
A warning network for landslide activity was established in selected provinces.
Moreover, DMR has established a landslide warning coordination center to announce a
possible landslide event through various mass media i.e. radio, television broadcasting and
newspapers.
DMR has a crucial mission to lessen the vulnerability of landslide risk communities in
several ways, such as the establishment of an early warning network for landslides as well as
landslide hazards maps at a scale of 1:50,000 in highly susceptible areas.
After DMR succeeded in establishing the warning network for landslides, a pilot
mitigation program in North Pasak Watershed, Phetchabun Province was implemented. So
far, DMR has already established warning networks for landslide activity including such
actions as volunteer observer training, landslide hazard site recognition and evacuation route
surveys in Songkhla, Phathalung, Phrae, Chiang Rai and Nan Provinces.
Future Activities
In 2005, DMR plans to set up landslide warning networks in 5 provinces. The
consultant experts from cooperating countries of CCOP are requested to discuss the contents
of a comprehensive strategy for management of landslide hazard mitigation.
213

6.1. Summary
DMR and the Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR)
launched the Environmental Geology for Regional Planning Project in 1996. During the
first phase of the project (1996 1999), the geological aspects of the Chiang Mai-Lamphun
Basin were elaborated and presented in the form of maps. The second phase of the project
(2000 2001) was carried out in Surat Thani Province, in which the geological conditions
were considerably different.
The follow-up phase of the Environmental Geology for Regional Planning Project
(2002 2004) is being implemented in Nakorn Ratchasima Province, Northeastern Thailand
and is focusing on geo-information for land-use planning and soil degradation problems.
In 2004, the final year of follow-up phase, the result of the Environmental Geology
for Regional Planning Project in Nakorn Ratchasima Province, Northeastern Thailand clearly
shows the causes of saline soil and saline groundwater which have enormous effects on the
agricultural productivity of the whole northeastern part of the country. The key project result
was the recommendations on alleviation of soil salinity problems. The results of the project
were presented in the project areas and distributed in the form of hard copy and digital data to
potential users such as provincial offices, town and country planning offices, the Office of
Natural Resources and Environment Policy and Planing, educational institutions,
municipality and tambon administration offices.
7.1. Summary
DMR used highlights from the CCOP-BGS Metadata Dissemination Workshop in
Kuala Lumpur in October 2003 to formulate metadata based on ISO 19115 standard in XML.
More than 140 GIS metadata in our native language have been published and work is
continuing.
A national website for global access is being developed and planned to be online early
next year. A metadata search engine and web map service (WMS) are expected to be
included in the website.
The CCOP-BGS Metadata Dissemination Workshop in Kuala Lumpur in October
2003 contributed valuable information and understanding regarding ISO 19115 standard. The
successful management of the BGS-metadata team was also a good example for other GSOs
to follow.
214
XML training was held for the Ministrys ICT-staff from December 2003 to January
2004. Fundamental concepts of XML schema, document and style sheet were introduced and
practiced. Future trends of RDF, RDFS, WSDL, SOAP, and OWL were also introduced. This
was integrated with the BGS-KaR Metadata components to formulate our metadata structure
in XML to serve the department spatial data infrastructure (DSDI) and the ministry spatial
data infrastructure (MSDI). This implementation was to encourage all consultants to proceed
the projects concerned with the GIS data.
The DMR has submitted 295 geological metadata based on ISO 15046-Part 15 that
were agreed with in the CCOP Metadata Workshop in Daejeon at the end of June 2003. Any
messages distributed from the project managers would determine the projects direction in
2004. The distribution of the BGS-KaR Metadata Toolkit in June 2004 was another choice
for implementation on the database platform. Introduction and training were conducted.
However, learning from experience indicated that the MS Access database platform was
unsuitable for multi-tread or network distribution architecture.
Future Activities
Proposed Future Activities
-
Migration of XML metadata document to suitable web-database platform. The

SQL database platform is selected whilst ASP and ColdFusion are development
tools to construct web-based applications for multi-tread accessibility. The data
owners can access, insert, update and delete the metadata by themselves.
Metadata search engine and Web Map Service (WMS). Search engine on the
XML document is, now, not commonly for use. Whenever the migration of the
XML metadata document to the SQL is successful, the search engine can operate
completely. The Minnesota Map Server (MMS), an open source application, is
introduced to provide map information as a public service.
Establishment of a multilingual national website. Promoting collaboration, sharing

and exchange of data, and propagating activities, contributed to all users, both
domestic and international.
Establishment of Metadata Policy Champion. The principle of the BGS Metadata

Policy Champion will be studied and implemented for effective and sustainable
metadata management.
Assistance Required from CCOP

-
A general guidance on the CCOP Metadata components. These components

should be agreed with the ISO 19115 standard. Applications based on these are
also a fast track means to encourage member countries to publish their metadata.
Special training/workshop on the open source application, particularly the

Minnesota Map Server or other Web Map Service. Specialists in WMS
applications are urgently required to conduct interactive map service. The
commercial software is more powerful but it needs large budgets to implement.
Special training/workshop and consulting on metadata management. The

experienced BGS-KaR staffs are requested in order to practice in real situations.

215
7.4. Others
DMR has participated since 2002 in the CCOP Metadata Project in order to encourage
sharing and exchange of data among the member countries. DMR wishes to collaborate in
succession with the CCOP Metadata Clearinghouse. Knowledge exchange during the
workshops held by CCOP and sponsors provides very useful guidance on how to proceed.
However, the CCOP project manager should keep in contact with the member country
coordinators so as to understand progress, obstruction and etc.
For systematic geological mapping, currently, DMR are doing 1:50,000 scale
geological mapping in specific target areas in conjunction with other natural resources, such
as natural forest and watershed areas. Twenty-seven map sheets have been in progress this
year. So far, about 50% of the country has been mapped at this scale.
8. GEOTHERMAL DATABASE PROGRAMME
8.1. Summary
Geothermal database of Thailand was compiled as a part of the Digital Compilation of
Geoscientific Maps of East and Southeast Asia project. Final country reports on geothermal
database were presented by the national compiler. Thailand has submitted the geothermal
database recorded in CD-ROM and final paper in hard copy and CD-ROM to the Japanese
chief compiler during the current meeting. The final product, as promised by the chief
compiler, will be published not later than March 2006.
From 1 July 2003 to 30 June 2004, the geothermal database in Thailand was
completely compiled including the items as follow:
Items and Availability of Data (digital data)
Data set
Topography/Bathymetry
Software
Mapinfo
Geology
Volcanology
Tectonics
Bottom hole temperature
Heat flow
Geothermal power plant
Direct use facilities
Magnetics (airborne)
Curie depth
Gravity
Seismicity
Geothermal resources area
Mapinfo
scale 1:500,000
Selected from the geology data set
Arcview
scale 1:1,000,000
Excel
Digital
Excel, Mapinfo
Digital
Excel, Mapinfo
Digital
Selected from the hot spring data set
Not available
Not available
Not available
Arcview
scale 1:1,000,000
Selected from the hot spring data

216
Data type
scale 1:250,000

15-18 November 2004
Tsukuba, Japan

of
Vietnam
Submitted by
Delegation of Vietnam
(For Agenda Item 3)

217


Country:
VIETNAM
Period:
1 July 2003 30 June 2004
1.1. Summary
During the period from August 2003 to July 2004, the Department of Geology and
Minerals of Vietnam (DGMV) carried out basic geological research, offshore and onshore
geological and mineral surveys and mineral assessment.
The DGMV also assists the Minister of MONRE to implement the functions of State
Management of mineral activities, issuing mineral activities licenses and reviewing
legislative framework relating to legal documents on mineral development.
a) Geologic research
The project Stratigraphic subdivision of N-Q and investigation of the geological
setting of the Nam Bo plain has been completed. The quantities, distribution (in area and in
depth) of the N-Q sediments in the study area have been confirmed. A full inventory of the
mineral resources (construction materials, clay, kaolin, haydite and peat) has been made.
Research on the relationship between the volcanic rocks with copper and gold
mineralization in the Song Da and Vien Nam areas. It has been recognized that in the study
area there are 4 types of gold mineralization and 3 types of copper mineralization. These
mineralization types are present not only in the volcanic rocks of the Vien Nam complex, but
also in younger geologic formations. The authors have delineated prospects which serve as
the basis for the further geological and mineral investigations.
b) Data assembling
Assembling the data on cement raw materials: The report has confirmed that there are
high potentials for cement raw materials in Vietnam. Cement raw materials include
limestone, claystone, additives and fillers of various kinds for cement. The reserves of
explored cement raw material deposits basically meet production needs of the cement plants.
So far, 84 limestone deposits have been explored for meeting the demand in cement raw
materials.

219
General report on the uranium potential of Vietnam: By synthesizing data, some

conclusions have been made: the uranium potential of Vietnam is assessed to be of average
level for the region. The most promising type of deposit is that of uranium in sandstone.
c) Offshore geological and mineral survey
A geological and mineral survey in 0-30 m water depth at the scale of 1:100,000 was
carried out over 2,400 km2 in the South Central offshore area. As a result of the survey 12
Quaternary sedimentary units have been established and three former coast line zones have
been discovered at depths of 30 m, 20-25 m and + 5 m.
On the basis of panned concentrate and geochemical data, some areas with potential
for ilmenite, zircon and cassiterite have been delineated. The Geological Survey of Denmark
and the DGMV has cooperated in an investigation of heavy minerals in the coastal zone of
Vietnam. The Danish side has sent the result of the study to the Vietnamese side.
Construction materials have been determined to be of potential in some areas.
d) Onshore geological survey
In the report period, DGMV completed 2 geological survey projects at 1:50,000 scale
covering 4,071 km2, consisting of the sheets of Phuc Ha, Tuan Giao, and Dong Xoai area of
Binh Phuoc province.
e) Mineral assessment
Lead-zinc
Assessment of lead-zinc ore in Thai Nguyen Province (in the North of Vietnam):
Additional geological survey and mineral prospecting over an area of 55 km2, detailed
prospecting at the scale of 1:10,000 over 20 km2 and assessment prospecting at 1:2,000 over
3 km2 were carried out. Fourteen Pb, Zn ore bodies have been discovered and delineated, of
which nine ore bodies have Pb + Zn 5%.
Gold
As a result of systematic geologic investigation in previous years, many areas with
gold prospects have been discovered, thus changing the view of the gold potential in
Vietnam: they include the A Vao A Pey area of Quang Tri and Thua Thien - Hue Provinces
(Central Vietnam); Minh Lng - Sa Phin area of Lao Cai Province (near the border with
China, in the North of Vietnam).
Uranium
Assessment of uranium potentials in the Southeast Ben Giang area, Quang Nam
Province (Central Vietnam): as a result of the geological and mineral survey at 1:25,000,
1:10,000 and 1:2,000 scales, 4 zones with different degrees of uranium potential have been
identified in this area.
Manganese
Assessment of manganese ore in Trung Khanh and Ha Lang areas, Cao Bang
Province (In the North of Vietnam): The results of survey and assessment at 1:25,000 scale
have clarified the geological setting, mineral distribution law of the area, and some promising
areas have been identified for prospecting at 1:10,000 scale.

220
Industrial minerals
The assessment of industrial minerals has been concentrated mainly in the Central
region of Vietnam. The report on "Investigation and assessment of industrial minerals
(phosphorite, peat, feldspar, glass sand, pozzolan), within the area of Quang Binh, Quang Tri,
Thua Thien - Hue Provinces" has been completed.
As a result of the investigation, considerable resources of industrial minerals have
been identified, such as phosphorite in Quang Binh Province, peat in Thua Thien - Hue and
Quang Tri Provinces, glass sand in Thua Thien-Hue and Quang Tri, Quang Binh Provinces,
aplite in Thua Thien-Hue Province, pegmatite in Quang Binh Province, porcelain and
ceramic raw materials (pegmatoid, feldspar, kaolin) and other associated minerals in Phu Tho
Province.
f) State management in basic geological survey, mineral survey and mineral
activities
DGMV is the unique institution to assist the Minister of MONRE to undertake the
function of state management of geological, mineral survey and associated activities. This is
also the body to work out regulations on the procedures of issuing mineral activities licenses,
guidelines on preparing documents for mineral license application and so on. For smooth
running of the Mineral Law, DGMV also assists the Minister to propose changes in the
legislative framework of mineral regulation after reviewing it from time to time.
To appraise and process applications for mineral licenses and application for
artisanal mining areas (assisting the Minister of MONRE to issue 50 mineral activities
licenses, 10 mining licenses and 40 exploration licenses).
To implement the mineral law and by-laws, one of the important activities, mine
inspection, is now technically supported by the F.R.Germany-BMZ five year project,
executed by BGR and DGMV (MONRE), which commenced on 1 September, 2004.
Future Activities
Continuation of geological surveys and mineral assessment in the onshore and
offshore at various scales.
CCOP is requested to assist in finding technical and financial support for two
projects:
Capacity building in geological survey and mineral assessment of DGMV,
especially capacity in mineral research and prognostication.
Upgrading the geological laboratories of DGMV, especially in isotope analysis for
geological and mineral investigation.

221
2. ENERGY PROGRAMME
2.1. Summary
In 2003, Vietnam produced a total of 20.67 millions tons of oil equivalent, including
17.62 million tons of crude oil and 3.05 billion cubic meters of gas.
From 1 January 2004 to 30 June 2004, 10.02 million tons of crude oil and 2.93 billion
cubic meters of gas were produced.
In 2003, total electricity output of power plants was 40925 GWh, in which
hydropower contributed 18986 GWh. The biggest hydropower operation in Vietnam is the
Son la Plant with 2400 MW designed capacity.
Over 23, 000 meters of coal exploration boreholes were drilled and 19.9 million tons
of crude coal (18.5 million tons of clean coal) was produced in 2003. From 1 January 2004 to
30 June 2004, 12,000 meters of coal exploration wells were drilled and 13.4 million tons of
crude coal (12 million tons of clean coal) was produced.
a) Oil and Gas Exploration and Production Activities
Up to date, there are 47 signed Petroleum Contracts in terms of JV, PSC, BCC and
JOC, among which are 24 still remaining effective (including Vietsovpetro).
During the review period, a total of 16,900 km lines of 2D seismic and 2,428 km2 of
3D seismic data were acquired and processed. In the second half of 2003 and first 6 months
of 2004, 26 exploration and appraisal wells were drilled.
Four oil and gas discoveries have been made in Blocks: 52/97, 02/97, 09-3 and
Wrong. One declaration of a commercial gas discovery has been made in Block 11.2. The
first oil production in the Su Tu Den oil field was celebrated on 29 October 2003 from Block
15-1. Phase 2 and 3 of the field development plan in Block PM3 were completed; the first oil
and gas production was made on 28 September 2003.
A non-exclusive seismic survey agreement in the Nam Con Son basin has been signed
between Petrovietnam and TGS-Nopec and PGS. Petrovietnam is preparing one new
licensing round for Block 05-1b, 1c, Block 15-2/01 and Blocks 122-130 offshore Vietnam
and two new Exploration and Production Contracts will be signed in 2004.
In scientific research activities, the research project Vietnam Hydrocarbon Resource
Assessment, based on integration of all available data gained from the last 10 year E&P
activities, was completed. From such results, a strategic orientation was made for guiding
further activities on Petroleum Exploration & Production.
Today, the completed White Tiger Gas System, including Rang Dong is able to
collect, compress and process up to 6 million cubic meters of gas per day and produce
250,000 tons of LPG and 110,000 tons of condensate per year.

222
Petrovietnam and partners BP (UK), ONGC Videsh (India) and ConocoPhillips

(USA) celebrate the achievement of 2 billion cubic meter of gas production from the Nam
Con Son project (NCS).
For the Southwest Gas Project, the PM3/CAA - Ca Mau Pipeline (2 BCMPA/
18/332 km) is starting and the Unocal Blocks - Omon Pipeline Project with Capacity of 6
BCMPA (Length 400 km, Diameter 24 inch.) is on going. The Camau Gas-Power-Urea
Complex is being constructed.
b) Coal
In 2003, over 23,000 meters of coal exploration borehole were drilled and 19.9
million tons of crude coal (18.5 million tons of clean coal) were produced. From 1 January to
30 June 2004 12,000 meters of coal exploration borings were drilled and 13.4 million tons of
crude coal (12 million tons of clean coal) were produced.
Many activities were carried out with the orientation to continue exploitation from
existing coal mines at the depth of 150m - 300m. The two exploration activities also have
concerned coal reserve evaluation of the Song Hong Depression at the depth of 150m to
1,500m below sea level.
Appreciation of CCOP and Cooperating Countries Assistance:
ASCOPE-CCOP-PETRAD-PETROVIETNAM Seminar on Gas Infrastrure
Governance was successfully organized in Doson, Vietnam from 22-27 January, 2004.
Participation in the PPM Project:

- A team is cooperating closely with CCOP in implementation of the PPM project.
- Participation has taken place in PPM workshops, seminars and case studies
(Cambodia, Thailand, China and Indonesia).
Implementation of the ENRECA project titled Integrated Analysis and Modeling

of Geological Basins in Vietnam and an Assessment of their Hydrocarbon Potential. The
first phase, the Phukhanh Basin, which is being carried out by the Vietnamese Petroleum
Institute (VPI) and Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS) is proceeding well
and will be finished in October 2004. The next phase of this project is under consideration.
Institutional cooperation between Vietnam and Norway:
- Implementation of The VITRA II project (VIETNAM TOTAL RESOURSE

ASSESSMENT) which is based on an Agreement between Vietnam and Norway and the
contract between the Norwegian Petroleum Directorate (NPD) and Petrovietnam, signed in
the middle of 2002, is currently in progress.
The goal of the Vitra II project is to ensure that the Vietnamese Authorities who deal
with the management of energy resources have a comprehensive knowledge of the total
petroleum resources of the country, and that they continue to use this knowledge at
management/policy level for overall strategic planning for the further development of the
energy sector.

223
Future Activities
To implement the following projects:

- Petroleum Policy Management (PPM) Project with CCOP Member Countries.
- ENRECA Project with GEUS (next phase).
- Phase 2 of the VITRA Project.
Request the support of CCOP and Royal Danish Government for the Capacity
Building in the Petroleum Sector, Phase 1 Project.
3.1. Summary
From July 2003 to June 2004, DGMV has carried out work relating to the
groundwater programme such as hydrogeological and engineering geological surveys at
various scales, hydrogeological and groundwater resource surveys on islands and in
mountainous regions as well as urban hydrogeological studies
3.2. Annual Review of Technical Programs/Activities
a) Hydrogeological and engineering geological mapping surveys at various scales
- Hydrogeological and engineering geological mapping surveys at 1:50,000 scale of
the Dong Xoai area, Binh Phuoc Province (in the South of Vietnam): Eight aquifers have
been differentiated: 2 porous and 6 fissured. Three prospective aquifers have been identified
which are of wide areal extent, high water bearing capacity, and meet the quality standard for
domestic water supply. Thirteen siliceous thermal water sources have been discovered in
boreholes, dug wells and springs. Twelve litho-genetic complexes belonging to 4 engineering
geological districts have been differentiated.
b) Hydrogeological, engineering geological investigation and groundwater
prospecting on islands
- Hydrogeological, engineering geological investigation and groundwater
prospecting on Phu Quoc island (extreme South): The results of environmental geophysical
survey show that the areas covered by environmental survey are free of radioactivity and
have a stable geomagnetic field. Hydrogeological survey has been carried out over 467 km2,
clarifying the characteristics of the surface water and groundwater on the island. Two
aquifers have been identified (a porous aquifer in the Quaternary sediments and a fissured
aquifer in the Neogene sediments). Fourteen wells were drilled, of which 13 yielded
groundwater. The prognostic groundwater resource reaches 123,000 m3/day, serving as the
basis for socio-economic planning on Phu Quoc Island.
c) Groundwater resources survey and assessment in remote areas of South
Vietnam (phase II: 1997-2003):
Thirty wells were drilled, 29 of which yield fresh groundwater meeting the
requirement for domestic water supply in terms of basic chemical composition, with an
exploitation capacity of 43,600 m3/day. These wells have been handed over to the local
authority for groundwater extraction.

224
d) Groundwater survey in the provinces of Northern mountain region

The project "Water resources survey for provinces in the Northern mountain region"
has been completed. Investigation on the geological, hydrogeological conditions, the status of
water resources, water quality, the water reserves of 9 working areas (see table below) in 8
provinces including both surface and groundwater were carried out and recommendations
have been made for the use of groundwater from 24 wells with actual pumping discharge >
0.5 l/s.
1) Tuan Giao area (Lai Chau Province).
2) Thuong Xuan area (Thanh Hoa Province).
3) Na San area (Son La Province).
4) Thien Ton area (Ninh Binh Province).
5) Lap Thach area (Vinh Phuc Province).
6) Thanh Thuy area (Ha Giang Province).
7) Quan Hoa area (Thanh Hoa Province).
8) Ky Anh area (Ha Tinh Province).
9) Ky Son area (Nghe An Province).
-
Groundwater resource survey for especially difficult provinces in Northern

mountain regions.
1) Si Pa Phn area, Muong Lay district, Lai Chau Province.
2) Muong Khuong area, Lao Cai Province
3) Hat Lot area, Son La Province.
4) Quan Ba area, Ha Giang Province
5) Trung Khanh area, Cao Bang Province.
6) Cho Don area, Bac Kan Province.
7) Pa Ham, Muong Lay district, Lai Chau Province
e) Urban geology survey

The "Final report of the Urban Geology Program of Vietnam" has been completed. As
a result of implementing the Urban Geology Program of Vietnam (in the period 1992-2002)
an enormous and unified set of basic urban geology survey data for 59 urban areas and 3 key
economic areas has been established; the data are of high utilization value, and have been
delivered to various sectors and localities for effective exploitation and utilization.
Future Activities
CCOP is requested to assist in finding the sources of technical and financial

support for the following projects:
a) Study on groundwater resources environment management in the Red River Delta

(being submitted by the Government of Vietnam requesting support of the
Government of Japan (JICA).
b) Establishing groundwater monitoring network for water resources and
environment study and management within Southern Central Vietnam Coastal
Plains (submitted to the Ministry of Planning and Investment of Vietnam to apply
for ODA fund from DANIDA).

225
4.1. Summary
During the reporting period, the National Center for Natural Science & Technology,
DGMV has carried out the work related with the geo-environment in Coastal Zone,
Geohazards, and Environmental Geology Programmes.
A national project for study and prediction of coastal erosion (200-2004) is
proceeding well.
From 2003 the project has been carried out by National Center for Natural Science
and Technology (NCST) in the Northern and Eastern part of the Southern Center of Vietnam.
Various observations, surveys and measurement of natural phenomena such as the weather
and wave characteristics were performed on polygons assessing the impact of dykes and antierosion embankments. Theoretical study and modeling of erosive processes were also carried
out.
5.1. Summary
During the report period, different projects are being implemented by NCST of
Vietnam relating to earthquakes and other geological hazards.
a) Study and prediction of earthquakes in the Northwest of Vietnam has been carried
out by NCST from 2002 till 2004. There have been a lot of geological surveys and new
earthquake observation stations are located in the Son La and Dien Bien areas with modern
equipment for the active stations observing the geophysical elements along polygon being
supplemented.
b) The study of environmental geology in the Son La reservoir area, which relates to
the construction of Son La hydropower station in the Northwest of Vietnam, is on going.
c) A project for investigation of geological hazards along the coastal zone of
Vietnam has been implemented since 2003. During the report period, NCST carried out the
environmental geology and geohazard surveys at the scale of 1:100,000, in 0-30 m water
depth, within 2,400 km2 in the South Central offshore area.
The bottom sediments in the study area have been assessed to mainly represent
neutral or weakly oxidizing environments. The coastal area is threatened by waste (chemical)
pollution and oil pollution. The sediments have evidences of pollution by Hg, Sb, As, Cu.
Coastal erosion occurs along most of the coast line. The South Phan R Cua coastal area has a
226
high seismic risk (M = 6.1 in Richter scale), especially at the intersections of the 2 NE-SW
and NW-SE trending fault systems.
Heavy metal pollution of groundwater was investigated in Northeast, the South and
the Central regions.
5.3. Proposed Future Activities and Assistance Required from CCOP in Support
of Future Activities
CCOP is requested to assist in finding the sources of technical and financial support
for the project:
Geohazard investigation and survey in the Northwest region of Vietnam.
6. GEODATA AND INFORMATION MANAGEMENT PROGAMME
6.1. Summary
During the period from July 2003 to June 2004 DGMV continued carrying out many
programs and activities related with the geo-information sector. The implementation of the
project Strengthening the IT capacity in geological and mineral surveys was continued.
Applications of IT in management of geological and mineral surveys and mineral activities
were expanded. The Department participated in the setting up of the geological and mineral
database under Program 112 of the Government and organized the training in application of
IT for geological staff. The computerization and digitization of geological reports were
continued. Besides, DGMV also continued participating in the SANGIS, Geological Map
Metadata, DCGM-IV (groundwater and geothermal databases) programs of CCOP. A set of
Dell Computer and Arcview has been received which was supported by the Government of
Japan through the CCOP DCGM-IV programme. This hardware and software have been
delivered to the main compiler of DCGM-IV.
6.2. Annual Review of Technical Programs/Activities
a) Project Strengthening the IT capacity in geological and mineral surveys
Continuing the work implemented in the previous reporting period from August 2002
to July 2003, DGMV has carried out the following work:
Continued furnishing new IT equipment, trained more staff in application of IT in
geology. All maps of the geological reports completed in 2003 and 2004 were
compiled in digital form and managed in the MapInfo environment.
The UNICODE Vietnamese language editing program according to Vietnamese
standard TCVN6009-2001 has been fully introduced throughout DGMV.
Applied programs have been developed in MapInfo and Micro station which are
convenient for the user (using the Map basic language). The test running of the
programs for management of databases on mineral deposits and ore occurrences
and for management of mineral titles was continued.

227
The use of the e-reference room (where one can have access to general
information on geology, mineral resources, geological and mineral maps at 1:
1.000.000, 1: 200.000, 1: 50.000 scales) was continued.
Mineral deposits, ore occurrence and groundwater database management systems
are being established.
b) Geological and mineral data base development project under the IT program
112 of the Government
The feasibility study report of the project has been completed and appraised by the
Steering Committee of the IT program 112 of the Government, with satisfactory results.
c) Computerization and digitization of geological data:
Computerization of reports: 86 geological reports have been computerized.

Digitization of geological maps: 38 maps.
Entering itemized information: 1,463 records.
Collection of information and creation of HTML pages: 1594 pages
(comprising the Journal of Geology, legal documents).
Maintenance of the database on existing geological reports: 163328 records.
Maintenance of computerized geological reports: 827 reports.
d) Network development:
The Website of the DGMV has been established with the address:
http://dgmv.gov.vn
Monthly updating of the information on the Website, consisting of the list of
geological reports, geological maps, geological publications, geological library
documents, geological bibliography of Vietnam.
Regular updating of static HTML pages: geological reports, geological maps,
geological specimens, geological publications, geological library documents,
legal documents, etc.
e) Cooperation programs with CCOP
In the report period, the Geological Library of Vietnam continued the

application of the SANGIS software developed by CIFEG. So far, the study
for converting the existing library database established based on Access and
CDS/ISIS to SANGIS system has been completed and supplementation and
correction of information to be updated in the SANGIS system was continued.
The translation of 6000 terms in the SANGIS thesaurus into Vietnamese has
been completed and some 5,000 new terms have been added.
In the CCOP cooperation program on Geological Map Metadata, the
Department of Geology and Minerals of Vietnam is currently entering the data
on geological maps at 1: 200.000 according to the unified database structure
used in CCOP. Some staff took short training courses in Korea and Japan
under this program.

228
Future Activities
a) Proposed future activities
Project "Geological and mineral data base development" under the IT program
112 of the Government: DGMV will take the lead in the implementation of
this project after its approval.
Digitizing data: Continue digitizing maps and reports.
SANGIS program: Complete the conversion of the existing bibliography
database of Vietnam to the SANGIS system.
Continue the translation of the existing data from English into Vietnamese and
vice versa, continue cooperation with CIFEG for perfecting SANGIS.
Digital geological map database: Complete the updating of information of the
geological map series of 1:200.000 scale as registered with CCOP; study the
digital geological map standard of CCOP in order to apply it in Vietnam.
b) Assistance required from CCOP
CCOP is requested to organize training courses for the technical and IT staff
in the fields of GIS, remote sensing, etc.
In the future, CCOP is requested to assist Vietnam in establishing a satellite
image database of the Vietnam territory and the adjacent regions to serve the
investigations of geological changes and geohazards.

229
ANNEX VI
15-18 November 2004
Tsukuba, Japan
DRAFT CCOP WORKPLAN 2005

I.
Technical Programme
GEO-RESOURCES SECTOR: Energy Programme

Project / Activities
Schedule
Remarks
Budget U$700,000
Support by Norway (NORAD)
Petroleum Policy and Management (PPM)

Case Study Workshops
3rd PPM Indonesia Case Study
Jan. 24-28
4th PPM Philippines Case Study
Mar. 7-14
5 PPM Cambodia Case Study
April 18-26
3 PPM China Case Study
June 13-20
4th PPM Indonesia Case Study
July 11-18
6th PPM Cambodia Case Study
Aug.29 Sept.5
5th PPM Philippines Case Study
Sept. 19-26
th
rd
Workshop Planning Missions by PPM Coordinator

Cambodia
China
Indonesia
Philippines
Feb. / Jul.
Mar.
May / Nov.
July
National Project Coordination Committee (NPCC) Meetings

Cambodia
China
Indonesia
Feb. / Jul.
Mar.
May / Nov.
Philippines
Jul.
4th PPM Seminar
October
Bangkok

231
Schedule
Remarks
Expert Visits to Case Study Countries and Training Courses

Cambodia
Mar./Aug. /Oct.
China
May / Oct.
Indonesia
Mar. / June
Philippines
CCOP-NPD-NORAD Annual
Project Review Meeting
IT Support to Member Countries
Capacity Building Project
Jan. / May / July

May
On-going
3-year project
(2005-2008)
Project Proposal submitted to

Ministry of Foreign Affairs
(Denmark) for funding support
Jan. 12-15
Hainan, China
Support by Norway
(Ministry of Oil and Energy)
2005
CCOP and ASCOPE Members

requested to send seminar topics
to CCOP T/S
2005
In-cooperation with
The Bridge Group and
Stavanger University College
Upon request by
Member Countries
Support by CCOP T/S and

Member Countries
Case Studies
Trainings
Expert Visits
CCOP-PETRAD Bilateral Seminars
CCOP-PETRAD-CNOOC-MLRCGS Seminar on Deepwater
Technology
Seminars Topics from CCOP
Member Countries
CCOP-PETRAD Training Needs
Assessment (A diagnostic tool to
identify petroleum sector training and
institutional requirement)
Pre-Tertiary Geology in Southeast Asia
Technical Services on Geological
Research by Dr. Henri Fontaine
1st and 4th Q 2005

Gas Hydrates
Upon request by
Member Countries
Support by USA (USGS)
Coal Bed Methane
Upon request by
Member Countries
Support by USA (USGS)

Tsukuba, Japan, 15-18 November 2004.
232
GEO-RESOURCES SECTOR: Minerals Programme

rd
3 Workshop on Global Mineral

Resource Assessment (GMRAP)
Sustainable Development of Marine

Sand in CCOP Member Countries
Schedule
Remarks
Feb. 21-25
Kunming, China
Support by USA
and China Geological Survey
(CGS)
st
1 Q 2005
Support by Korea Institute of

Geoscience & Mineral
Resources (KIGAM), and
Private Sector
Global Geochemical Reference

Network
2005
To be confirmed
Under discussion of support

with IUGS, etc.
CASM-Asia
2005
To be confirmed
Inaugural meeting
Country Status in ASM
Goal Oriented Project Planning
for CASM activity
GEO-RESOURCES SECTOR: Groundwater Programme

Schedule
In discussion with MOFA, the

Netherlands, UNESCO and
JICA
Groundwater Management
Groundwater Assessment along

great river basins for East and
Southeast Asia
Kick-Off Meeting
Remarks
3-year project
Commenced in
April 2004
Support by Japan
AIST/GSJ, GREEN
Feb.- Mar. 2005

Bangkok,
Thailand
GEO-ENVIRONMENT SECTOR: Geohazards Programme

Schedule
Remarks
Development of Techniques for Landslide Hazard Analysis

Phase II August 1, 2003 July 31, 2004
Phase III August 1, 2004 July 31, 2005
Final Workshop on Landslide
Analysis using GIS and Remote
Sensing
Field Workshop for Volcanic
Hazards Mitigation

Mar. 2005
Bangkok,
Thailand
Support by KIGAM and

Ministry of Science and
Technology, Korea
4-year project
Commenced in
April 2004
Support by Japan
AIST/GSJ
233
Schedule
Exchange of Young Researchers for

further understanding of Asian
Volcanic Activities and Hazards
4th Quarter 2005
CCOP-MLR-CGS Workshop on
Environmental Geology
(Geohazard)
2005
To be confirmed
Remarks
Support by China Geological

Survey (CGS)
GEO-ENVIRONMENT SECTOR: Coastal Zone Programme

Schedule
Remarks
Integrated Geological Assessment of

Deltas in Southeast Asia
4-year project
Commenced in
April 2004
Support by Japan (AIST/GSJ)

in cooperation with IGCP475
Scientific Meeting in-conjunction

with 2nd Annual Meeting of IGCP475 DeltaMAP
January 2005
Ho Chi Minh
City, Vietnam
Separate meeting on CCOPs

DelSEA Project
Natural and Risk Maps for Coastal

Areas
2005
To be confirmed
In-cooperation with Geological

Survey of Finland, and various
European Geoscience Institutes.
Seeking funding support
GEO-ENVIRONMENT SECTOR: Environmental Geology Programme

IODP-Global Climate Change
Project
Schedule
Jointly with USGS, University of Wollongong &

Australian National University, University of Kiel,
Germany, Tongji University & Academy of
Sciences, China
Coastal Environment Management Strategy of the

Delta Region (Phase I)
Field Survey for Coastal
Environment Management Strategy
of the Asian Delta Region (Phase-I)
January 17
Bangkok,
Thailand
Japan-Thailand Joint Seminar
1st Q 2005
Report on Coastal Environment

Management Strategy
1st Q 2005

Remarks
234
Support by Japan
Tokyo University, AIST/GSJ
Schedule
Remarks
Geoscience Asian Information

Network (GAIN)
3-year project
Support by Japan
AIST/GSJ
1st Project Planning Meeting
1st Q 2005
CCOP METADATA Project

3rd CCOP METADATA Working
Group Meeting
2005
To be confirmed
Support by Japan
AIST/GSJ
On-going
Support by UNESCO/CIFEG
2005
To be confirmed
Seeking funding support
On-going
CCOP General Fund
Workshop on Offshore Mapping
2005
Bilateral Project / Support by

Geological Survey of Canada
Outreach, Education, Extension and

Dissemination of Geoscience
Information How to do it right:
Sea-Grant Way
2005
CCOP T/S assistance in

National Models
Support by USA
Training on Geoscientific
Techniques on Delineation of the
Outer Limits of the Continental
Shelf
2005
SANGIS Project
Bibliographic Phase
Euro-Asian Multilingual Thesaurus
on Geoscience
Gridnet Programme

(Regional Sea Grant Model)
235
Under discussion with Norway

(UNEP-GRID at Arendal /
NPD)
II. Publication and Documentation

Publication / Activities
General Publication
Newsletters
o Jul-Dec 2004
o Jan-Jun 2005
CCOP Annual Report 2004
CCOP Annual Session Proceedings
41st Annual Session Proceedings Part I
42nd Annual Session Proceedings Part I
Schedule
Budget
(US$)
Remarks
2,500
500 hard copies

per issue
End of April
2,000
500 hard copies
January
December
1,000
Hard copies
and CD-ROM
1,000
Hard copies
and CD-ROM
500
Hard copies
and CD-ROM
300
CD-ROM
March
September
Proceedings of 41st CCOP Annual

June
Session Part II (Thematic Session)
CCOP Steering Committee Meeting Reports
January
Report of the 44th SC Meeting
th
May
Report of the 45 SC Meeting
th
December
Report of the 46 SC Meeting
Technical Activities Reports/Proceedings
Report of Final Workshop of Landslide
June
Hazard Assessment Project
Proceedings of 3rd Workshop of
GMRAP
July
300
CD-ROM
Proceedings of PPM Workshop/

Seminars
2005
PPM Fund
Web
Publication
Reports on the PETRAD Series of

Seminar
2005
PETRAD
Fund
Hard copies
and CD-ROM
2nd Quarter
2005
AIST/GSJ
Hard copies
and CD-ROM
Final products of DCGM-IV Project

- Report on Groundwater Database
- Groundwater Database in the Web
- CCOP Technical Bulletin
(Geothermal Database)
Report on Japan-Thailand Joint
Seminar on Coastal Environment
Management Strategy of the Asian
Delta Region
Others
Update of the CCOP Homepage
2 Quarter
2005
Tokyo
University
and
AIST/GSJ
2005
1,500
Publication of CCOP Promotion

Activities and Brochures
2005
1,000
Purchase of technical publications,

books, maps, and subscription of
periodicals
2005
500
236

nd
III. Mission to Member and Cooperating Countries

Schedule
Mission to Member Countries

Vietnam
Papua New Guinea
Indonesia
Korea
Malaysia
2005
Mission to Cooperating Countries and

Organizations for Individual Activities
and Short and Long Term Projects
Norway
Denmark
CPC
2005
Budget
(US$)
Remarks
Discuss cooperation matters
and assess needs of
Member Countries
IUGS/GEM/ Discussion on
Geoenvironment
Management Workshop
Discuss cooperation and
assistance with Cooperating
Countries
Project Review Meetings
12,000
Mission trip for participation in Conferences /

Organizations / Meetings
ASCOPE Joint Committees
Meeting
May / Aug.
ESCAP 61st Commission Session
April
Thailand
SEAPEX Conference/ Exhibition
April 5-7
Singapore
ASCOPE Conference/ Exhibition
November
Philippines
In-cooperation with
ASCOPE
IV. Administration and Finance

Activities
Schedule
Budget (US$)
Remarks
CCOP In-House Training

CCOP General
Fund
2,000.00
Account Principle & Taxation

Training on Management
Training on IT

237
ANNEX VII
15-18 November 2004
Tsukuba, Japan
COOPERATING COUNTRIES
AND ORGANIZATIONS REPORTS

239

15-18 November 2004
Tsukuba, Japan
Cooperating Country Report

of
Belgium
Submitted by
Lon Dejonghe
Geological Survey of Belgium
Belgium
(For Agenda Item 6.1)

241

COOPERATING COUNTRY REPORT

Country:
BELGIUM
Period:
1 July 2003 30 June 2004
1. Summary
In 2003, the Geological Survey of Belgium (GSB) completed its integration with the
Belgian Royal Institute of Natural Sciences. Work started on building new storage areas and
laboratories to share with the Paleontological department.
2. Review of current technical activities and geoscience programmes in the CCOP
Region (Multilateral or Bilateral)
Under the umbrella of the Research Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources of
Vietnam, the GSB contributed to the programme "Improving multi-stakeholder collaboration
for conservation of the Pu Luong Cuc Phuong limestone landscape, NW Vietnam". GSB
also co-organized the TRANSKARST 2004 Symposium.
3. Proposed future activities and assistance to CCOP in support to current and future
activities
International activities of the GSB must be entirely funded by an external funding
agency. Any chance for Belgian funding of CCOP projects and for grants is related to two
Belgian ministries, namely: the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office (www.belspo.be) and
the Directorate General for Development Cooperation (www.dgcd.be). Concerning the latter,
the best chances of funding are probably in Viet Nam. Good chances are also possible in
Cambodia and the Philippines. For example, in May 2001, a general agreement was signed
between Cambodia and Belgium to facilitate the preparation of new co-operation projects.
Information on how to contact Belgian Development Co-operation can be found on the
website www.dgcd.be/en/contact/ or by e-mail to <alfred.fickers@diplobel.fed.be>. Any
request for funding should mention that the co-operation would be with the Geological
Survey of Belgium (L. Dejonghe) (www.naturalsciences.be/geology/).
4. Reports/publications of technical activities for dissemination to CCOP Member
Countries including contributions to GRID-Net
The GSB publishes professional papers, memoirs and a scientific periodical in
collaboration with the Belgian scientific society "Geologica Belgica". Contents and abstracts
of recent publications can be found on the GSB website www.naturalsciences.be/
geology/products/.

243

15-18 November 2004
Tsukuba, Japan

of
Canada
Submitted by
Ralph G. Currie
Geological Survey of Canada
Canada

245


Country:
Canada
Period:
1 July 2003 30 June 2004
1. Summary
Canada has facilitated the presentation of a marine geoscience workshop in the
Republic of the Philippines and continues to engage in a number of bilateral projects with
Member Countries principally in the areas of gas hydrates and earthquake hazard research.
Canadas principal activity has been to arrange for the presentation of the Geological
Survey of Canadas Ocean and Coastal Mapping Workshop in the Republic of the
Philippines. The workshop is scheduled for November 9-12, 2004 in Quezon City.
Canada continues to work closely with Korean colleagues in cooperative studies of
marine gas hydrates and with Japanese colleagues in the study of terrestrial gas hydrates
occurrences. There continues to be collaborative research with Japan (principally JAMSTEC)
on the hazard posed by subduction earthquakes. This research focuses on a comparison of the
Nankai and Cascadia subduction zones. This year has included the transfer of the Geological
Survey of Canadas 3-D subduction zone thermal and flow model to the Earth Simulator
supercomputer. There has also been continuing collaboration with the China Seismological
Bureau on earthquake precursors.
activities
If there is interest amongst the Member Countries, Canada is prepared to offer its
Ocean and Coastal Mapping Workshop at another site in the region under the auspices of
CCOP. It is hoped that there will be opportunities to explore this possibility with the CCOP
T/S and Member Countries during this years annual meeting.

247

15-18 November 2004
Tsukuba, Japan

of
Denmark
Submitted by
Ioannis Abatzis
Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS)
Denmark

249

ANNUAL COOPERATING COUNTRY REPORT

Country:
DENMARK
Period:
1 July 2003 30 June 2004
1. Summary
The sister research institutes of the Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland
(GEUS), and Vietnam Petroleum Institute (VPI) have continued the successful
implementation of the ENRECA project on Geo-scientific Research and Research Capacity
Building.
The project was approved by Danida on 20th August 2001, and is currently at the third
year of implementation of the first phase.
An application for a new three year Project was submitted to Danida for consideration
and approval on 1st March 2004.
VPI and GEUS participated in the joint submission of an IODP project proposal.
A number of missions and meetings were conducted to promote the cause of CCOP,
including the participation at the Advisory Groups Brainstorming Session held in Bangkok
in February 2004.
2.1. ENRECA Project
The sister research institutes of GEUS and VPI have continued the successful
implementation of the ENRECA project entitled Integrated Analysis and Modelling of
Geological Basins in Vietnam and an Assessment of their Hydrocarbon Potential; First
Phase: Phu Khanh Basin in close cooperation with the Hanoi University of Mining and
Geology (HUMG) and the Copenhagen University (KU).
A large number of project related activities were carried out during the reporting
period. Among others, these activities comprised the following:
Eight (8) M.Sc. candidates from VPI continued their studies at HUMG and KU as part
of their participation in the M.Sc. Programme of HUMG.
The candidates participated in a series of relevant geoscientific lectures and courses

held both at GEUS and at the Geological Institute of the University of Copenhagen.
These lectures were combined with hands-on exercises on real Vietnamese data.

251
Danish geoscientists served as instructors at a number of workshops and courses in

VPI and HUMG, and provided training to more than hundred geoscientists from
Vietnam.
The 3rd Annual Project Workshop was held at VPI in October 2003. The preliminary
results of the research studies were discussed among the geoscientists involved in the
project and they were subsequently presented to Representatives from the Vietnamese
Energy Authorities and the Oil & Gas Industry operating in Vietnam (the Users).
All conducted activities were documented in the form of reports, manuals and/or
articles.
The Project has maintained its contacts to other ENRECA projects in Vietnam in an
effort to exchange useful experiences and information.
The project provided access to its training activities and to the obtained geological
data to other institutes and scientific contacts which are active in the mapping of
ground water reservoirs and the management of water resources under the Danish
Water Sector Programme Support in Vietnam.
Lecture, handouts: Mr. Ioannis Abatzis, Senior Adviser, GEUS gave a lecture on the
Importance of Knowledge Integration and Visualization for the Exploration and
Production of Oil and Gas Resources, at the Hanoi University of Mining and
Geology, Hanoi, Vietnam.
The M.Sc. candidates have participated in several national and international

geoscientific conferences, including the 5th Conference in Asian Marine Geology held
in Bangkok, in January 2004 where the preliminary results of the conducted research
work were disseminated to the international research community through both the oral
and poster presentations.
All eight (8) M.Sc. candidates from VPI submitted their Theses to HUMG in April
2004 as planned.
All M.Sc. candidates defended their Theses in the period May-June 2004 and they
graduated successfully achieving remarkably high marks, proving once again the
dedication shown from all project participants for the successful implementation of
the project.
2.2. New Project Proposals
A Project Proposal entitled Integrated Analysis and Modelling of Geological

Basins in Vietnam and an Assessment of their Hydrocarbon Potential; Phase II:
Malay-Tho Chu Basin (BMV II), was prepared and submitted to Danidas
ENRECA Programme for approval on 1st March 2004. This project is planned to be
carried out in close cooperation between the research institutes of VPI and GEUS, in
one hand, and the Hanoi University of Science (HUS), HUMG and KU, in the other.
As a spin-off of the research work carried out during the implementation of the First
Phase of the ENRECA, and other Projects conducted previously in Vietnam, VPI and
GEUS were invited to participate in the joint preparation and submission of a Project
Proposal entitled Dating Tibetan Uplift and Evolving River Drainage Patterns in
East Asia using the Sedimentary Record of the Red and Mekong Rivers to IODP
for consideration and approval.

252
A new three-year ENRECA project entitled The Mobilization of Arsenic and the
Relation to the Dynamic Interaction between Groundwater and Surface Water
in the Red River Plain: Phase 1 was approved by Danidas ENRECA Programme
in October 2003. The project is currently in its initiation phase and it is implemented
in close co-operation between GEUS, the Technical University of Denmark (DTU),
the Danish Hydraulic Institute (DHI), HUMG, HUS, and the Northern
Hydrogeological and Engineering Geological Division of Vietnam (NHEGD).
In close cooperation between Denmarks Representative to CCOP, Senior Advisor

Mr. Ioannis Abatzis, CCOP T/S and the Representatives of CCOP Member Countries,
the work on the preparation of a Project Proposal entitled Capacity Building
Project, Enhancement of Cooperation and Sharing of Geoscientific Knowledge
for the Sustainable Development of the Petroleum Resources in the CCOP
Region, Phase I, (ICB-CCOP I) was initiated in February 2004 for submission to
Danidas Office for Regional Cooperation in Asia.
The CCOP Steering Committee has unanimously supported and endorsed the concept
of the proposed Capacity Building in the Petroleum Sector project during their 43rd
Meeting held in Phuket, Thailand in March 2004.
2.3. Missions and Meetings
July 2003-June 2004: Mr. Ioannis Abatzis had several consultations with
Representatives of Danida where he promoted the cause of CCOP.
July 2003-June 2004: The Representative of Denmark to CCOP, Mr. Ioannis Abatzis,
travelled on several missions to East-Southeast Asia. He visited CCOP T/S and had
consultations with the Royal Danish Embassies in Bangkok and Hanoi. During these
missions, Mr. Abatzis had also very constructive meetings with PetroVietnam, VPI
and Representatives of the Norwegian Embassy in Hanoi.
2nd - 9th February 2004: The Representative of Denmark to CCOP, Mr. Ioannis
Abatzis, participated in the CCOP Advisory Groups Brainstorming Session held in
Bangkok.
activities
The activities in the immediate future will focus on the successful implementation of
the approved projects with the greatest commitment and professionalism shown by the
cooperating institutes of GEUS, VPI, and the cooperating universities in Vietnam and
Denmark for the ENRECA Project.
The Representative of Denmark, in cooperation with CCOP T/S will continue to seek
additional ways to maintain and further enhance the cooperation among the CCOP Member
Countries with the financial support of Danish development aid organizations. The efforts
will focus on achieving the final approval of the Capacity Building Project by Danida. This
will have an invaluable contribution in the strengthening of human resources, research
capacity building and integration of geoscientific knowledge within the sector of applied
geoscience for the exploration and exploitation of hydrocarbon and ground water resources to
the benefit of the CCOP Member Countries.

253

15-18 November 2004
Tsukuba, Japan

of
Germany
Submitted by
Burkhard Buttkus
Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources
Germany

255


Country:
GERMANY
Period:
1 July 2003 30 June 2004
1. Summary
During 2003 and 2004 the Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources
(BGR) has continued its activities in SE Asia with its local partners in the energy resources
sector. In the Scientific-Technical Cooperation sector four projects are being carried out or
are in preparation: A project in cooperation with the Malaysian National Oil Company
Petronas on the energy potential of gas hydrates and structural features of the margin of
offshore Sabah will be completed by the end of 2004. Structural analyses formed the basis for
an advanced project ready for implementation to study the hydrocarbon potential in the forearc basins off Sumatra. A marine research project was prepared to study the properties of the
Celebes Sea basin. In the Mineral Sector one Scientific-Technical Cooperation project is still
ongoing aiming at the hydrothermal mineralization of the Conical Seamount (Papua New
Guinea). In Vietnam a Technical Cooperation project to support the newly established
Mineral Inspection Sector of the Department of Geology and Minerals started in September
2004.
A. Scientific-Technical Cooperation
Indonesia
Hydrocarbon potential of forearc basins off Sumatra
In continuation of previous joint German-Indonesian projects, an interdisciplinary
marine geo-scientific study shall investigate the hydrocarbon potential of the forearc basins
off Sumatra. Collaboration was established with BPPT, MGI and PERTAMINA (all
Indonesia) as well as with JAMSTEC (Japan). The evaluation for funding by the German
Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) of this two-year term project was positive. It
will most likely start with marine data acquisition in October 2005.

257
Malaysia
Gas hydrates of offshore Sabah
At the collision-related continental margin of Sabah/Malaysia, a joint marine
geophysical survey was conducted in the fall of 2001 in cooperation with the Malaysian
National Oil Company PETRONAS. The major targets are the formation and decay of gas
hydrates occurring in the vicinity of conventional hydrocarbon deposits, and the still
unknown nature of the lower plate beneath the margin proper as well as the probably induced
vertical movements. Joint data evaluation is still in process.
Indonesia and the Philippines
Evolution of the Sulawesi/Celebes Sea oceanic basin
A project that sets out to investigate the western and central parts of the Sulawesi or
Celebes Sea Basin with marine geophysical methods is currently in the evaluation process.
The main objective is to define the origin, age, and structure of the basins crust in order to
reconstruct the evolution of the oceanic basin. Special attention will be given to the evolution
of the overlying sedimentary cover and its characteristics. This will be performed in
cooperation between BGR, GEOMAR (Germany), French scientists, BPPT/Indonesia and the
Mines and Geosciences Bureau/Philippines. The project is ready to be included in the RV
SONNE cruise schedule for 2006.
Papua New Guinea
Hydrothermal mineralization of the Conical Seamount/PNG
The hydrothermal mineralization of the Conical Seamount / Papua New Guinea has
been investigated during the cruise CONDRILL with R/V SONNE in September / October
2002. The main objective was to achieve a better understanding of the genesis of the
epithermal juvenile gold mineralization in a forearc volcanic setting. Samples were recovered
by a heavy hydraulic grab and up to a depth of 5 m by the rock drill of the British Geological
Survey. Scientists from Papua New Guineas, Australia and Canada have participated in the
expedition and are involved in the evaluation of the project which was initiated by the
University of Freiberg in Germany. Data evaluation is still under way.
B. Technical Cooperation
Vietnam
Support in Mineral Inspection
A five-year technical cooperation project between BGR and the Department of
Geology and Minerals of Vietnam (DGMV) to support the newly established Mineral
Inspection Sector of the DGMV started in September 2004.

258
1. Summary
Scientific-Technical Cooperation comprises 7 projects. BGR and the China
Earthquake Administration (CEA) are running a joint long-term Scientific-Technical
Cooperation project to investigate earthquake source mechanics and seismotectonics of an
area northwest of Beijing. In Indonesia a research project was launched to identify the
volcanic risk along the Sunda Arc including a multiparameter monitoring station. Two
projects concern paleoclimatic and oceanographic variations during the Holocene and late
Quaternary. Two further projects are in operation, one with China (mine-induced land
subsidence), and another with Thailand (waste disposal sites investigations). The Technical
Cooperation sector comprises 4 projects that are either in operation or under preparation:
Indonesia (strengthening of local authorities: component geo-risks), The Philippines (coal
carbonization), Thailand (environmental geology for regional planning) and Vietnam
(Natural Resources Management in Regional Planning in Central Vietnam).
Seismotectonics and Seismic Risk in the Yanqing-Huailai Basin
Within the framework of a Memorandum of Understanding between the China
Earthquake Administration (CEA), formerly China Seismological Bureau (CSB), and the
BGR, a joint project of BGR and CSB is in full operation to investigate earthquake source
mechanics and seismotectonics of the Yanqing-Huailai basin, 80km northwest of Beijing. It
aims at a better understanding of intra-plate earthquakes whose source processes are not
known in very much detail. The results shall provide a valuable contribution to the seismic
risk assessment for the capital area and mitigation by quake monitoring. Evaluation of data
recorded so far is well under way, and, next, tectonic models matching to the observations
will be derived.
Coal fire project Innovative Technologies for Exploration, Extinction and
Monitoring of Coal Fires in North China
Several Chinese and German research institutions are jointly studying the internal
processes leading to the breakout of coal fires which frequently occur in North China. The
bilateral projects aim at improving existing, and developing new and more efficient,
techniques to recognize and extinguish coal fires. Sophisticated air and ground-borne
methods will be used. The kick-off meeting was held in Beijing in September 2003. In 2004,
BGR, as one of the German contributors, assisted the Chinese AGRS partners to plan and
carry out a helicopter-borne electromagnetic and magnetic survey in North China, targeting
the recognition of coal fires. Chinese partners will be instructed in geophysical data
interpretation during the months to come.

259
Mine-induced land subsidence

Within the framework of the Chinese - German scientific experience exchange of the
Ministry for Land and Resources (MLR), China and the Federal Ministry of Economics and
Labour / BGR, Germany, two BGR scientists visited the Chinese Authorities in April 2004 in
order to exchange experience on issues of mine-induced land subsidence and means of response using mining technology and remote sensing in the mining region of Qitaihe.
Indonesia
High-risk volcanism at Sunda Arc
Granted by the German Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF), a three and a
half years term project was launched in early 2004 that focuses on high-risk volcanism at the
Sunda Arc. The aim is to improve the understanding of internal processes of, and external
influences on, volcanic activity. In close cooperation with Indonesian partners, specially
designed field experiments as well as methodological research should yield a better approach
to more efficient risk mitigation. Close links are also established to the active German
Technical Cooperation project Strengthening of local authorities: Component Geo-risks in
Indonesia (see B. Technical Cooperation). The field work for the Merapi sub-project was successfully accomplished including two cruises with the German research vessel SONNE. The
Krakatau multi-parameter volcano monitoring station (KRAKMON sub-project) will be set
into operation in spring 2005. Contributing partners are BGR, GFZ, GEOMAR, University of
Kiel, University of Munich (Germany), DGGMR, DVGHM, GRDC, BMG, LIPI, BPPT,
UGM, MGI, BAKOSURTANAL, ITB, UNILA, UNDIP, Mines & Energy Services
(Indonesia)
Holocene/late Quaternary climatic and oceanographic variations in the southern
Indonesian archipelago
Climatic and oceanographic variations during the Holocene and late Quaternary will
be investigated in the southern Indonesian archipelago during a RV SONNE expedition. The
project will focus on the continental slopes and forearc basins off Java and southwestern
Sumatra. A high-resolution sedimentary record should be recovered by piston coring to study
variations of the up-welling and through-flow intensity.
Contributing partners are the University of Bremen (Germany), BPPT (Jakarta), MGI
(Bandung), LIPI (Bandung), and NEBROC (Texel, The Netherlands). The marine field
operations are on schedule for the period between early July 2005 and mid September 2005.
Throughflow between the Indonesian archipelago and Australia during the Holocene/late Quaternary
In a marine research project with RV SONNE a set of piston cores will be taken in the
passage between Timor and Australia. Contributing partners are the University of Kiel,
Australian and Chinese scientists as well as BPPT and MGI in Indonesia. The purpose is to
investigate Holocene and late Quaternary variations in the Indonesian Through-Flow in
order to reconstruct the paleoclimatic and paleoceanographic evolution within the southern
Indonesian archipelago and off northern Australia as well as to study its dependency and

260
relationship to west Pacific oceanographic processes. The marine field operations are on
schedule for the period between mid September 2005 and early October 2005.
Thailand
Waste disposal sites investigations
Within the scope of the Scientific-Technical Cooperation between Thailand and
Germany, a three years project was launched in the fall of 2000 to investigate waste disposal
sites in Thailand in order to protect groundwater and surface water resources (drinking
water). The project incorporates a wide variety of state of the art methods. On the basis of the
results a three volume standard regulatory handbook will be compiled and published. An
application for project extension until the end of 2005 was submitted. Contributing partners
are BGR, Brandenburgisch-Technische Universitt, Geophysik-GGD, Boden- und
Wasserinstitut, Hansa Luftbild, Ing.-Bro Sehlhoff (Germany), DMR, PCD (Thailand).
Indonesia
Strengthening of local authorities: Component Geo-risks
A Technical Cooperation project was started in 2002 between the Department of
Environmental Geology (DEG) and BGR with the duration of two and a half years. The
objective is to ensure application of geological hazard information as part of urban planning
activities such as:
- development of guidelines for user-oriented geo-hazard information,
- field investigations in selected areas related to the type of geohazard and
application within regional planning.
The project will be implemented as a component of an existing GTZ project on civil
society and inter-municipal cooperation for better urban services.
The Philippines
Coal carbonisation
In cooperation with the Department of Energy, BGR will support the environmentfriendly production of carbon enriched lignite from the Semirara coal occurrence in the
Philippines. The German contribution will involve the development of the technical process
and the installation of a demonstration plant (2003/2004). The commercial partner for
implementation is Semirara Mining Corp. which operates an open pit at Semirara Island.
Thailand
Environmental geology for regional planning
The Technical Cooperation project Environmental Geology for Regional Planning
between the DMR (Department of Mineral Resources) and BGR was continued in the Khorat
province. The objective is to increase the use of environmental geological information in
261
regional planning. In collaboration with the Geological Institute of the University of Nakhon
Ratchasima, geophysical and remote-sensing methods are used to investigate salinisation and
environmental hazards from salinisation of farm land and subsidence due to salt solution on
part of the Khorat plateau. The project will end in December 2004.
1. Summary
In the framework of the longstanding Chinese - German scientific experience
exchange (since 1979) between the Ministry for Land and Resources (MLR) and the Federal
Ministry of Economics and Labour/BGR, Chinese scientists visited the BGR for information.
BGR and the National Academy for Natural Science and Technology (NAST) of
Vietnam will start with a Technical Cooperation project to establish an environment and
natural resources data bank in January 2005.
Raw material data exchange
In the framework of the Chinese - German scientific experience exchange of the
Ministry for Land and Resources (MLR), China and the Federal Ministry of Economics and
Labour/BGR, Germany, 2 BGR scientists visited the Information Center of the MLR in
December 2003 in order to exchange data on raw materials.
Vietnam
Natural Resources Management in Regional Planning in Central Vietnam
BGR and the Institute of Geography (IG) of the National Academy for Natural
Science and Technology (NAST) of Vietnam will carry out a Technical Cooperation project
on environment and natural resources data bank establishment for socio-economic planning
and environmental conservation in the northern part of the Central Southern Coastal Zone of
Vietnam. The objective is to strengthen the capability of the NAST to provide regional
planners in Central Vietnam with relevant geological information for environmentally sound
planning. The project is approved and will start in January 2005.

262

15-18 November 2004
Tsukuba, Japan

of
The Netherlands
Submitted by
Jos L.J. de Sonneville
Netherlands Institute of Applied Geoscience
The Netherlands

263

ANNUAL COOPERATING COUNTRY REPORT

Country:
THE NETHERLANDS
Period:
1 July 2003 30 June 2004
1. Summary
During the report period no projects were funded directly by the Dutch Government.
Dutch development assistance has changed considerably, both geographically and in focus.
Since the government elections of May 2003, aid is concentrated on some 30 countries. The
focus of Dutch assistance has moved away from the geosciences in general. Also, the
continent of Africa has become the prime target of assistance. The worldwide increasing
attention to climate change and the urgency in combating its possible consequences may lead
to renewed interest from the government.
Chances for Dutch funding of (a) CCOP project(s) may still be possible through funds
that are centrally managed, at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in The Netherlands, and
earmarked for cross-border activities and/or support to local institutions.
Besides Dutch development assistance there are some possibilities of co-operation
through Dutch-sponsored programmes that have the objective to increase Dutch exports.
These programmes are being pursued actively in country-to-country initiatives outside the
direct context of CCOP.
China: Started in March 2003, the project Capacity Building of a China
Groundwater Information Centre, financed jointly by the Ministry and the Netherlands is
progressing smoothly. The project aims to install groundwater monitoring networks and the
hydrogeological information system REGIS in Beijing and in three pilot areas, and
strengthens co-operation between the China Institute of Geo-Environmental Monitoring and
TNO-NITG. The project is scheduled to run for five years.
In March 2003 a feasibility study to support the recently established Centre for Land
Subsidence, Shanghai was submitted to the Ministry of Economic Affairs, The Netherlands.
A proposal for joint financing awaits final negotiations between the partners.
In 2004 some experts from TNO-NITG visited the Qingdao Institute of Marine
Geology as a follow-up of the course on off-shore geological mapping given previously. Cooperation in the area of mapping is continuing.

265
activities
TNO-NITG will continue to seek funding for joint co-operation projects and
appreciates initiatives from member countries for opportunities to co-operate.
TNO-NITG publishes a bulletin: "INFORMATION" with articles on advances in
research and results of geoscientific studies carried out by the institute. The edition on GeoEnergy, the exploration and production of oil and gas research, is published twice a year in
English and is mailed to all Member Countries. For other information, reference is made to
the Annual Report of TNO-NITG and to the web-site of TNO-NITG.
IGRAC: During the 3rd World Water Forum in Kyoto, Japan, 2003, UNESCO and
WMO announced the start of the International Groundwater Resources Assessment Centre
(IGRAC). This centres activities include the establishment of a Global Groundwater
Information System, the promotion and development of guidelines and protocols and the
exchange of groundwater information worldwide. The centre operates under the auspices of
UNESCO and WMO and is housed at TNO-NITG. The budget to start the centre has been
provided by the Dutch Government. Activities are progressing well and the member countries
are invited to consult the web under www.igrac.nl to be informed about the results so far and
also contribute information to the benefit of the groundwater community worldwide.
5. Others
-None-

266

15-18 November 2004
Tsukuba, Japan

of
Norway
Submitted by
Erling Kvadsheim
Norwegian Petroleum Directorate
Norway

267


Country:
NORWAY
Period:
1 July 2003 30 June 2004
1. Summary
This has been another active year for cooperation between CCOP and Norway, with
the main activity being the PPM Project. There has also been significant activity on bilateral
projects with CCOP Member Countries and with other countries in the region, in addition to
Petrad activities (reported separately).
2. Review of current technical activities and geoscience programs in the CCOP Region
(Multilateral or Bilateral)
A. Petroleum Policy and Management (PPM)
PPM is a four-year project run through CCOP for its Member Countries. The total
budget is 19.6 million NOK (approx. 2.6 million US$) funded from Norway. The project
commenced on 1st July 2002 and will run until June 2006. The main activities in this project
are built on four case studies in Cambodia, China, Indonesia and the Philippines.
The goal of the PPM Project is to enable government organizations responsible for
petroleum resource management in the CCOP Member Countries to:
Establish a sustainable and efficient national petroleum management and policy,

Envisage the mechanism and importance in revising and improving their
petroleum management and policy arrangements due to changes in political,
economic and market conditions,
Enhance their capacity and capability in petroleum resource management based
upon a realistic assessment of their own petroleum potentials utilising national
data.
NPD provided the project coordinator for the first two years of the Project. Mr.
Gunnar V. Siland coordinated the project at the CCOP T/S from 1.7.2002 until 30.6.2004.
Mr. Simplicio Caluyong from the Philippines has now taken over full coordination
responsibility for the remainder of the project period.
Ten Workshops, three Seminars and seven Expert visits have been conducted so far.
A key aspect for PPM is to utilise competence - and human resource sharing within the
CCOP region. A number of Experts from China, Indonesia, Korea, Malaysia, Philippines,
Thailand and Vietnam have lectured and guided the group exercises during the workshops. In
addition, private consultants from the United States, Norway and the Philippines have been
hired for specific expert visits to the case study host organizations, CNPA in Cambodia, DOE
269
in the Philippines and Sinopec in China. The topics for these visits have included Basic
Petroleum Geology, Petroleum Economics and Gas Field Developments in Tight-sand. NPD
have provided technical assistance and participated with resource persons on several PPM
activities. Items covered by NPD include Resource Assessment of Basins/Plays/Prospects,
Petroleum Economics, Fiscal Regimes and Marginal Field Development. For the reporting
year (July 2003 June 2004), NPD have participated with resource persons in two workshops
in Chengdu, China and at the 2nd PPM seminar in Pattaya, Thailand.
The Norwegian funding agency, NORAD, called for a mid-term Project review of
PPM. This was undertaken by two independent consultants, Mr. Ole F. Ekern from Norway
and Mr. Leong Khee Meng from Malaysia in July/August 2004.
B. Vietnam Total Resource Assessment Project, Phase II (VITRA II)
The project is based on an institutional cooperation agreement between PetroVietnam
and NPD. The VITRA II goal is to ensure that the Vietnamese Authorities who deal with the
management of energy resources have a comprehensive knowledge of the total petroleum
resources of the country, and that they continue to use this knowledge at management/policy
level for overall strategic planning for the further development of the energy sector.
During this second year of the project focus has been on the preparation and
implementation of the new resource inventory database in PetroVietnam. Two workshops
have been held in Vietnam regarding data management and on regulations and guidelines for
reporting of resource data. Groups from the Core Working Team visited Norway on a two
weeks on-the-job training on resource inventory systems, and for a workshop focusing on
work processes for reporting and quality control of resource data. The institutional
cooperation has been extensively used for transfer of experience and knowledge.
The project started in late 2002 with a budget of 1.2 million USD.
C. Vietnam Safety and Environmental Management Project, Phase II
The above project is a joint activity, comprising the Norwegian Petroleum Directorate
(NPD) and the State Pollution Control Agency (SFT). After the formal conclusion of phase I
of the project in 1999, phase II was approved and new institutional contracts between
SFT/NPD and PetroVietnam established in 2001. Main activities in phase II are:
Development of HSE management system for PetroVietnam.
Industry implementation of Safety Management Regulation and Technical
Guidelines.
Continuation of work related to oil spill contingency and mapping of natural
resources.
Competence and capacity building related to HSE and HSE supervision.
In 2003 and 2004 there has been a continued progress with regard to development of
HSE management system for PetroVietnam. Several activities have been performed,
including seminars and meetings both in Norway and in Vietnam.

270
D. Study on Private Sector Development and Business Opportunities for Norwegian

Industry and Trade in Vietnam, April/May 2004
The study represented the second stage of a NORAD two-phased study in Vietnam
which is part of the Norwegian governments strategy on Private Sector Development. The
study was co-ordinated by the Confederation of Norwegian Business and Industry (NHO) on
behalf of NORAD. A team of experts visited Vietnam during April 2004.
The objective is to identify areas where commercial cooperation may meet Vietnams
development requirements. As such, this initiative complements the bilateral assistance to
Vietnam on Resource Assessment and Safety/Environment.
E. Philippine Petroleum Exploration Promotion (PhilPRO)
The PhilPRO project started in January 2003 as a continuation of the Philippine
Petroleum resource Assessment project (PhilPRA). Under this project a basis for an
exploration strategy had been laid, and through an extensive discussion in the PhilPRO team
it was decided to use a licensing round as the main vehicle for promotion of the most
attractive acreage offshore. The plans for the first Philippine Petroleum Public Contracting
round (PCR-1) and the actual promotion were made under the auspices of PhilPRO. The
project was carried out by the Philippine Department of Energy assisted by the Norwegian
consultancy company The Bridge Group AS. The project finished in July 2004.
As a contracting round represents a major shift from the long established method of
granting exploration contracts through a first come first served basis, considerable efforts
were exerted to put the round system in place within the time frame of the project.
Part of the preparation for the round was the holding of seminars and workshops to
develop the skills of the DOE in presentation, petroleum economics, management and
negotiations, in addition to the preparation of the promotional materials used throughout the
promotion campaign.
The PCR-1 opened on 5 August 2003. In all, 46 offshore blocks located in Northwest
Palawan and Sulu Sea was offered. Companies were given until March 2004 to evaluate the
data for these blocks which were made available through a physical data room in Manila and
virtual data rooms in London, Houston, Stavanger, Perth and Manila. The PCR-1 was also
presented in Singapore during the SEAPEX 2003 Conference. The DOE promotion team also
held several meetings with oil companies. Eventually, four international companies applied
as a group for two blocks in the Sulu Sea.
activities
A. Delineation of the outer limits of the continental shelf
NPD and CCOP has been preparing an application to the Norwegian authorities for
support and financing of a series of workshops and desktop studies on delineation of the outer
limits of the continental shelves of the CCOP Member Countries.

271
According to Article 76 of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Seas
(UNCLOS) a coastal state may establish the outer limits of its juridical continental shelf
wherever the continental margin extends beyond 200 nautical miles. Such a claim has to be
filed within a predefined number of years.
The goals of the proposed project are to enable the Member Countries to perform the
necessary work for establishing the outer limits of the continental shelf and also to enhance
the friendly relations between the CCOP Member Countries and other countries in the South
China Sea region. It will be organized as a series of workshops for all interested Member
Countries followed by desktop studies in individual countries. It is intended to start in 2005.
The project is likely to be organized as cooperation between CCOP and a new data
centre under the UN Environmental Program (UNEP) in Arendal, Norway. The UNEP data
centre has special expertise on the data requirements for continental shelf delineation and on
running desktop studies in individual countries on the practical aspects of this work. Malaysia
has generously offered to make available facilities for the workshops in Kuala Lumpur.
It has so far proven difficult to secure full financing of this work from the Norwegian
authorities. A combined financing arrangement should be considered, with contributions from
Member Countries, applications from individual Member Countries to a designated UN fund
for work in connection with UNCLOS and contribution from Norwegian authorities through
the UNEP data centre in Arendal.
4. Others
A. Relevant NORAD/NPD activities in non-member countries in the region
Assistance in developing the management of the petroleum sector in Timor-Leste
The objective of the project is to provide institutional cooperation between the
Norwegian Petroleum Directorate and the Ministry of Development and Environment and
associated institutions in Timor-Leste performing petroleum sector management functions,
such that the Norwegian experience of developing a public sector petroleum administration
can benefit the country, and that NPDs technical expertise and other Norwegian and
international expertise can be utilized in developing an efficient functioning petroleum
administration in Timor-Leste. The project period is six years at an estimated cost of 4.2
million USD. The project started in 2002. It comprises several resident and non-resident
advisors, seminars, workshops and a large training and education program.
Strengthening of the Hydrocarbon Unit in the Ministry of Energy and Mineral
Resources, Bangladesh
The objective of the project is to address the need for the Ministry to assume new
responsibilities in developing and conducting the sound petroleum resource management of
Bangladesh, by building and strengthening the Hydrocarbon Unit to become a full-fledged
functioning, permanent body in the ministry, authorized to implement government policies
and regulations for upstream activities in the petroleum sector and to promote and supervise
private sector activities in the petroleum sector. The project was started in 1997 and is
expected to finish at the end of 2004. The total budget is approx. 2 million USD.

272

15-18 November 2004
Tsukuba, Japan

of
Russian Federation
Submitted by
Elena Konstantinovskaya
Russian Academy of Sciences
Russian Federation

273


Country:
RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Period:
1 July 2003 30 June 2004
1. Summary
The oil exports from the Russian Federation (RF) to markets of the Asian-Pacific
region are growing. The hydrocarbon deliveries increase particularly from Sakhalin and
Siberia. Another southern direction of petroleum exports is via deliveries from Novorossiysk
and supply projects from the Caspian area. Large-scale cooperation between the Russian
Federation and Vietnam is strengthened in the fields of oil-field exploration and development
in the southern continental shelf of Vietnam. The growth of volumes of raw mineral
production in the Russian Federation serves an important basis for cooperation in fields of
raw material export, deposit development and construction of ore concentrate facilities. The
experts and organizations of RF are available for exchange of information and analytical data,
and for application of technologies in the fields of geological and thematic mapping,
exploration and prospecting work, as well as environmental monitoring. Scientific and
technical activities and exchanges represent the constantly developing component of
cooperation between RF and countries of the CCOP region.
Energy Sector
The oil exports of the Russian Federation to Eastern markets are growing. This year, a
total of 11-12 mln t of oil is expected to reach the Asian markets. The hydrocarbon deliveries
are growing from Sakhalin and the petroleum and petroleum products exports increase from
Siberia to Far East terminals by the Baikal-Amurian and Trans-Siberian railways.
The activity of Russian oil companies in the area demonstrates high potential for
increasing crude deliveries flow to Asia. Yukos exports petroleum to the Chinese
petroleum companies Sinopec and CNPC (China National Petroleum Corporation). The raw
material deliveries to Sinopec rapidly increase from 1.6 mln t in 2003 to 2.5 mln t in 2004,
and to CNPC - up to 2 mln t. The petroleum deliveries are carried out from Western Siberia
by transit through East Siberia, Mongolia and the Far East by rail. Rosneft plans to create a
new oil pipeline from Vankor to Dikson across the Polar Seas to develop the exports of East
Siberian crude. Total amount of forecast resource in the sites around the Vankor field is
approximately 700 mln t of petroleum.

275
About 2.5 mln t of crude petroleum per year was delivered from Sakhalin
hydrocarbon fields to the Asian-Pacific markets by tanker fleet last year. The deliveries were
carried out mainly to the Republic of Korea, Japan, and China. The deliveries of petroleum to
the Philippines also began in 2003.
Another direction of petroleum exports is via deliveries from Novorossiysk to the
Asian-Pacific region with the subsequent overload in large tonnage tankers in the
Mediterranean Sea. Lukoil develops oil exports to Iran, whence, with use of an equivalent
circuit, Iranian petroleum is directed to South-East Asia.
The Pacific oil pipeline is planned to connect the Eastern Siberian oil and gas fields
with a deep-sea export terminal that will considerably contribute to growth of Russian oil
exports to the Asian markets. The project should benefit not only oil producers in RF but also
a great number of companies prepared to supply equipment and services for this construction.
The new proposed route of the pipeline passes further from Baikal, not affecting nature
protection zones and reserves. It begins near Taishet rather than Angarsk and continues to
Skovorodino and Khabarovsk, passing partially along the Baikal-Amurian and the TransSiberian railways. A suggested terminal is Perevoznaya Bay in Primorye, instead of the
Nakhodka port, as was supposed at early stages of project. The project documentation is
expected to be completed by Transneft in the first quarter of 2005.
The Caspian area is a natural source of petroleum exports to the Asian markets. The
Russian Federation, Kazakhstan and China develop supply projects for the Caspian oil and
gas fields. Production and marketing of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) is quickly growing in
the region. LPG may become an important component of hydrocarbon exports from Central
Asia, after oil and natural gas.
The draft of an Intergovernmental Agreement between the Russian Federation and the
Republic of Korea on cooperation in the field of gas industry was prepared at the advice
session held on 14 September in Moscow. The preliminary work on the Agreement had
started on May, 28, 2004. Special attention at the present advice session was given to
development of export gas pipelines in the Russian East. The basic principles of the RussianKorean cooperation in gas have been discussed at the session. A bi-lateral summit was
planned to be held in Moscow on September, 21-22.
Large-scale cooperation between the Russian Federation and Vietnam is strengthened
in oil-field exploration and development in the south of the continental shelf of Vietnam. On
September 2003, the newly established joint Russian-Vietnamese-Japanese Company "VRJPetroleum Co." started spud-drilling a wild-cat well in block 09-3. Zarubezhneft takes part
in oil refinery construction in Central Vietnam (Dung Quat). Zarubezhneft is a contractor
for crude oil tanks and tank farm construction in this project. Relying on long-term
cooperation, "Zarubezhneft" and the General Petroleum and Gas Company of Vietnam
"PetroVetnam" are actively developing new directions and forms of mutually beneficial
cooperation in the oil-and-gas field.

276
Mineral Sector
About 50% of revenue of the federal budget of RF is generated from the mineral and
raw mineral complex. The volumes of mineral production in the Russian Federation are
comparable to those of many of the main world countries leaders in mineral raw material
production.
The Ministry of Natural Resources of RF (MNR RF) determined the priority of
geological exploration in 2004 for several types of mineral raw materials. The priority place
is accorded to oil and gas. Two following dominating groups involve noble metals and
ferrous, non-ferrous and rare metals. The exploration for uranium and subsurface water
occupies third place. Solid fuel and non-metals comprise minority groups in exploration work
for mineral raw materials.
As a gold producer, RF occupies the fifth place in the world. The leading production
of gold was realized last year in Krasnoyarsk Region, Magadan area, Republic of Sakha
(Yakutia) and Khabarovsk territory. New gold-bearing veins were discovered in the Northern
and Central zones of the Kupol gold deposit, Chukotka in 2004. The first gold production is
expected at the beginning of 2007.
The development of Soyuznoye graphite deposit (Jewish AA) opens high potential
perspectives for deliveries of graphite to enterprises in the Far East and Asia. Forecast
resources of the graphite deposit are estimated in 1 bln t. The South-Khingan manganese ore
deposit and the Khingan tin ore deposit represent an important basis for the development of
cooperation between Far East and Asia.
An investment project on production of fluorite concentrate is prepared on the basis of
the Pogranichnoye deposit (Primorye). The project assumes the development for production
of 350 thousand t of ore per year and reconstruction of the ore concentration facility.
The project on production of zircon dioxide and baddeleite concentrates is initiated in
Khabarovsk Territory on the basis of the Algamin zircon ore deposit. The unique raw
material can be used for products with rare properties like constructional ceramics,
electronics, and chemical reagents in metallurgy. Potential export partners are expected in the
markets of Japan and the Republic of Korea.
The deep processing of titan-magnesium sands of Khalakhtyr deposit (Kamchatka) is
planned to be realized after the construction of the mineral dressing facility. The deposit is
located 10 km from Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, and it is characterized by a series of
facilities for exploitation.
Transport Cooperation
The construction of a railway branch line (Olya station) has been finished in the
Caspian Sea area. This rail branch line connects container delivery ways from Europe to Asia
and Southeast Asia. Due to the new branch line, containers may be transported from Europe
to the Olya station and further to be placed on steamships and transported to Iran by the
Caspian Sea. The railway branch line and port-terminal that are already constructed in Iran
are used for container delivery to Asia and South-East Asia. This new transport corridor

277
avoids the Suez channel and saves about 20 % both of time and transportation costs. The rail
freight turnover for the branch line is expected to be 8 mln t. this year.
Scientific and Technical Activities and Exchanges
The 3rd Baikal Economic Forum was held at Irkutsk, RF on September, 15, 2004. The
Minister of Natural Resources of RF, Mr. Yu. P. Trutnev, has noted that the Russian
Federation attained a leading place in the world in production of mineral raw material in
2003. The Strategic program of prospecting work is in preparation by MNR RF for the period
up to 2015. The territories for State investments are designated in the document. A significant
place is given to the areas of East Siberia and the Far East.
The Interim IAGOD Conference Metallogeny of the Pacific Northwest: Tectonics,
Magmatism and Metallogeny of Active Continental Margins was held on 4-20 September,
2004 at Vladivostok, RF (IAGOD, International Association on the Genesis of Ore Deposits).
Sessions of the Conference were concerned with geodynamics and ore mineralization of
continental margins, volcanic areas, geodynamics and metallogeny of granites, basic and
ultrabasic rocks, structural features, composition and genesis of ore deposits, GIS and
databases in metallogeny and tectonics. Gemstone deposits and mineralogy of precious-metal
deposits were also discussed. Field excursions included trips to Dalnegorsk and Komsomolsk
ore districts, to gold deposits of South Primorye and Russian Northeast "Kolyma Golden
Ring" and to Konder deposit. The pre- and post-conference field tours presented an
opportunity for the delegates to visit such famous ore deposits of Far East and the Pacific
Rim as: North Primorye, Central Primorye, Priamurye (Trans-Amur Area), and
Konder deposit.
The permanent working exhibition "Natural Resources of Russian Federation and
environment protection" was open in Moscow at the beginning of 2003. The exhibition is
organized by MNR RF in cooperation with the enterprise "Science and Education, AllRussian Exhibition Center. In particular, the exhibition includes thematic sections Mineral
resources, Information resources and Environment protection. Different Russian
institutes and enterprises demonstrate their products. The Institute of synthesis of mineral raw
material (VNIISIMS) represents the diamond tools, thermal resistors, various samples of
artificial minerals and jewelry ornaments from artificial minerals, light-diodes and similar
products. The Geological Institute named A.P. Karpinsky (VSEGEI) shows the GeologicalMineragenic map of the World and the series of maps Minerals of RF and neighbor states
(in borders of former USSR). The geo-engineering enterprises demonstrate the equipment
for extraction of noble metals (gold, platinum) from a fine-grained material (sand or crushed
ores) (Grant), data on geothermal resources and technologies (Nedra), experimental and
advanced examples of prospecting engineering (Geotechnics). The section Information
resources shows data on State Information Systems in the area of nature exploitation and
protection. The section Environmental protection includes posters of the enterprise
AeroGeoPhysica that presents data on environment monitoring by application of thermal
infra-red aero-shooting for diagnostics of a pipelines status.

278
activities
The experts and organizations of RF are open for exchanges in information, analytical
data and for application of technologies in the fields of geological and thematic mapping,
exploration and prospecting work, and environmental monitoring.
The informational-analytical center Mineral (MNR RF) is open to cooperation with
experts and organizations working in the fields of prospecting, production and processing of
mineral raw materials. The recent publications of the center includes the volumes on
Mineral resources of World, analysis of prospect development of gas resources of East
Siberia and the Far East, reviews on the largest gas deposits of RF, mineral raw complex of
Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), Far East and Transbaikalie.
The enterprise AeroGeoPhysica (MNR RF) develops airborne geophysical
technologies, equipment, data processing and interpretation means. AeroGeoPhysica has
carried out airborne magnetic survey for oil and gas exploration purposes. The airborne
gamma-spectrometry is applied by the enterprise for geological and ecological purposes,
including research for natural and industrial radioactivity; occurrences of potassium
metasomatic zones and deposits of hydrothermal type; search for diamond-bearing and gold
ore, rare-metallic fields, and definition of oil-perspective geological structures. Recently,
AeroGeoPhysica has fulfilled a government program including ecological mapping of the
regions that suffered from the Chernobyl disaster, nuclear test-fields on Novaya Zemlya and
near Semypalatinsk and at nuclear power plants. The airborne gravimetric and EM surveys
are applied for mapping kimberlite pipes, gold and Cu-Ni exploration, geomapping, and for
cryology application in North Kazakhstan, Yakutia, Arkhangelsk and Norilsk regions, Aldan
shield. The airborne thermal infra-red, aerosol and gas surveys are used for environmental
monitoring over large industrial centers. The methods applied by AeroGeoPhysica show
excellent results for geological and thematic mapping, for exploration and prospecting works
and for environmental monitoring. These methods are especially efficient in tropical regions
of Asia with an abundant vegetation.
A data bank on magmatic rocks dredged from the oceanic floor of the Pacific is
created in the Pacific Oceanological Institute (POI) FEB RAS, RF. The data bank contains
descriptions on chemistry and absolute age of oceanic magmatic rocks and other dredges data
obtained during expeditions POI FEB RAS (RF).
The poster presentation Exploration work in Russian Federation: the tendencies and
perspectives is presented at the 41st CCOP Annual Session by Dr. A. Stavsky, chief of
informational-analytical center Mineral (Ministry of Natural Resources of RF). A series of
maps on different types of metal deposits of RF is presented in the poster area. The deposits
and sites with on-going exploration and prospecting work are shown on the maps. Detailed
information is provided by various insets.

279

15-18 November 2004
Tsukuba, Japan

of
Sweden
Submitted by
Naz Ahmed Shaikh
Geological Survey of Sweden
Sweden

281


Country:
SWEDEN
Period:
1 July 2003 30 June 2004
1. General Remarks
Efforts to integrate environmental concerns and responsibilities into overall
development planning and sector policies have already proved to be a successful way to
promote environmental objectives. The importance and need for geoscientific information is
obvious on all levels from senior decision-makers to grass-roots activists and individuals. It
is generally accepted that access to reliable information is essential for decision-making and
that information on the work and achievements of regional and international co-operation
needs to be widely distributed. Being an intergovernmental organization it is an important
role for CCOP to play in the region it covers.
Sweden is participating in this co-operation, which helps to create requisite conditions
for changes and for sustainable development. Swedish development co-operation involves a
partnership based on shared values and mutual determination to achieve development and
combat environmental degradation. Development and environmental issues are two parts of a
greater whole; respect must be shown for the constraints to development set by nature. The
determination and ability of Swedens partnership countries to define their priorities is
respected. Most Swedish development co-operation is carried out bilaterally based on direct
co-operation between Sweden and individual countries. Development co-operation shall be
catalytic and assessed for its potential to help move in the direction of environmentally sound
solutions.
In this report nine ongoing geoscience related projects are mentioned. At present all
are in China and in the field of environmental protection and water resources. A short
description of each project is given. Funds for these projects is provided by the Swedish
International Development Agency (SIDA)

283
2. Review of current technical activities and geoscience related bilateral projects in

the CCOP Region.
No.
Project Title
Member
Country
State
Forecast year 2004

Total budget
(Swedish Crowns) (Swedish Crowns)
2.1
Lake Restoration
China
On-going
3.594.000
10.000.000
2.2
Water use efficiency
China
On-going
1.039.000
3.661.000
2.3
Local Agenda 21, phase 3
China
On-going
1.000.000
4.900.000
2.4
Beijing-Hebei Eco-Region
programme
China
On-going
2.381.000
7.200.000
2.5
Secretariat for Sino-Swedish

co-operation on Sustainable
Development Policies
China
On-going
297.000
7.419.000
2.6
Institutional collaboration
CAE and IVA
China
On-going
500.000
3.000.000
2.7
Hydrology courses
China
On-going
1.200.000
3.000.000
2.8
Urban management GIS
China
On-going
2.225.000
9.000.000
2.9
Prevention of iodine
deficiency
China
On-going
710.000
11.400 000
12.946.000
59.580.000
Total
SEK
2.1
To restore the lake Wuhangsuhai in Inner Mongolia, now suffering from heavy
eutrophication. The main study will focus on building a knowledge base on the processes that
affect the water quality and produce a feasible management and control proposal for
addressing the conflicting interests that causes the eutrophication problems. Contract partners
are Inner Mongolia Environmental Science Institute and Swedish Environmental Research
Institute (IVL).
2.2
The contract partner for this project is the Shaan XI Academy of Agricultural
Sciences and the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences. The aim of the project is
transfer of knowledge to farmers on how to use limited water resources in an optimal way in
dry land farming systems, to improve environment, land use, living conditions and reduce the
soil erosion.
2.3
The Sino Swedish project on Agenda 21 and Sustainable Development in cooperation with the Administrative Centre for Chinas Agenda 21 (ACCA21), aims to increase
environmental understanding to facilitate the implementation of Chinas Agenda 21. Pilot
projects are carried out among many other subjects on areas such as erosion control, clean
technology within mining sector, environmental education and health. The initial work
indicated a need of continuation. The present study aims to evaluate and summarise the pilot
projects in three Chinese cities/areas designated in phase 1-2.

284
2.4
This Project is a component of the joint Sino-Swedish Programme on the BeijingHebei Eco-Region. The Programme is carried out under the leadership of the State
Development and Planning Commission (SDPC).
This Project is designed to provide the basis for achieving one of the most critical
objectives of the Programme: co-operation on water-related issues, among 20 Counties in the
Beijing Hebei Region on an action plan for the sustainable development.
The purpose of the Project is to put in place the basis for such co-operation.
Successful co-operation will require a plan of action, an institutional form of co-operation
that all major parties can agree upon, a means of monitoring the co-operation, and people
capable of facilitating the co-operation. Equally important, there must be a shared vision of
what the co-operation should achieve. Thus while upstream stakeholders may have a
particular interest in economic benefits, and downstream stakeholders in a secure supply of
clean water, all stakeholders must share a common vision of why co-operation is needed and
how it will be achieved.
The Project will be carried out in co-operation between SDPCs Department of
Regional Economy on the Chinese side and the Stockholm Environment Institute (SEI) on
the Swedish side.
2.5
Environmental policy issues, in particular those concerned with sustainable
development, are receiving more and more attention in China, and as a result Chinese
organizations are increasingly expressing interest for development co-operation in the field of
sustainable development policy.
The purpose of the Secretariat is to provide expert advice, administration, and cooperation of Sino-Swedish co-operation in the field of sustainable development policy, main
objectives being incremental implementation of the Beijing Hebei Eco-region Programme,
active Swedish participation in the China Council for International Co-operation on
Environment and Development (CCICED) work, and backing for the Swedish nominee to the
Council. Involvement of interested Swedish firms and organizations, recognition in China of
Sweden as a source of sound policy advice, farsighted planning skills, and trustworthy
implementation services for sustainable development.
2.6
The purpose of the project is to develop institutional co-operation and exchange of
scientists in the area of renewable energy. The institutions collaborating are the Chinese
Academy of Engineering and the Royal Swedish Academy of Engineering. It is a recently
started project (August 2004) with a possible extension.
2.7
The aim of this project is to arrange bilateral courses in the use of hydro
meteorological processes in operational water management. The contracting partners are the
Chinese Ministry of Water Resources and Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute
(SMHI).
2.8
Under this project, focus on Urban Management Geographic Information System will
be established in three cities in Hebei Province. The purpose is to provide access to reliable
information for collaterals, urban management, development and environmental planning
benefits from correct information. The project is conducted together by the Hebei Bureau of
Surveying and Mapping and Swede Survey.
285
2.9
This important medical geology project addresses Prevention of Iodine Deficiency
and Developmental Screening for Mental Retardation and Rehabilitation of Children with
Mental Disability. The project partners are Uppsala University, Division for International
Mother and Child Health and the China Disabled Persons Federation (CDPF).
activities
CCOP is an important intergovernmental organization and one of its major roles is to
disseminate the result of various geoscientic activities in the vast region it covers. This is
successfully achieved by spreading information to facilitate the contacts among the interested
parties. For a more active role special funds are needed. These can be provided either by its
member countries or through making such provision within the individual projects when they
are under negotiation. This point has been emphasised earlier together with the
representatives of Denmark, Germany and Nederland.
Countries including contributions to GRID-Net.
The short descriptions provided on each ongoing project can be included in the
GRID-Net. For further information contact with the local partner is recommended.

286

15-18 November 2004
Tsukuba, Japan

of
United Kingdom
Submitted by
David Ovadia
BGS International, The British Geological Survey
United Kingdom

287


Country:
UNITED KINGDOM
Period:
1 July 2003 30 June 2004
1. Summary
The British Geological Survey (BGS) receives funding from the UK government
sufficient to meet the costs of approximately 50% of its payroll and overheads and for the
purpose of British public good geoscience only. Therefore, all its activities outside Britain
must recover their full costs, including salary costs, from the commissioning body. This
severely limits BGS international activities to those funded by organizations such as the
World Bank, DfID, the EU or national governments such as those of the United Arab
Emirates or Saudi Arabia, where BGS currently has large projects. At present, the large
funding agencies are giving priority in the geosciences to Africa rather than the CCOP
region, and whilst BGS has a large and growing number of projects in Africa, the Middle
East and central Asia (including Afghanistan), regrettably there are currently few
opportunities for BGS to work in the CCOP region, with the exception of Papua New Guinea.
Nevertheless we value the long term contact with CCOP Member Countries and look to a
future time when global geo-politics move to support more geoscience projects in the CCOP
region. The somewhat limited involvement of BGS in the CCOP region is described more
fully below.
In the geo-resources sector, BGS has completed a 4 year programme of technical
support in Papua New Guinea as part of the Mining Sector Institutional Strengthening
Project funded by the Government of Papua New Guinea from World Bank financing. This
work has included an information technology policy review; implementing computer
networks and GIS / database software; the training needs analysis for all Ministry staff;
technical geoscience training; remote sensing and geophysics capacity building. This work
continued the long association between BGS and PNG in both the minerals and hydrocarbons
sectors and builds towards further participation in the upcoming work funded by the
European Union SYSMIN Programme.
In the geo-environment sector, BGS has undertaken various technical consultancies
on the subject of radioactive waste disposal in Japan. These are on-going.
In the geo-information sector, BGS has completed its regional programme funded
under the UKs Department for International Development (DfID) Knowledge and Research
(KaR) on meta-data. Details are contained in an Annex to this report.

289
Various research projects have been carried out in the CCOP region; published results
are indexed below.
activities
BGS hopes to be involved in the EU SYSMIN Programme in PNG and will bid for
suitable opportunities in the region funded by international development agencies such as the
World Bank, JICA, DfID, the EU etc., as these arise.
BGS makes available various reports, international standards and outputs, as free of
charge downloads, from its web site (see http://www.bgs.ac.uk/free/). Some of these are of
interest to CCOP countries. The downloads include: Reference and research reports
Sample geology data
Access to a selection of the BGS' reference and research reports in PDF format.
The BGS library holdings searched online via GEOLIB.
Samples of Digital onshore geological maps available at 625k, 250k, 50k and 10k
scales, in Arcview, and Mapinfo formats
Programs to simulate and analyse pumping tests in large-diameter wells, one for
pumping tests, and the other to simulate time-drawdown behaviour for a specified set
of parameters.
Corporate and Annual reports
BGS Strategic Plan
Capability briefings
Economic benefits of BGS (report)
Vector attributed digital bathymetry of UK and adjacent European waters including
North Sea, English Channel, South-west Approaches, Irish Sea and north-west
Scotland.
Decision-support software tool aimed at helping environmental planners in
developing countries evaluate the hazards from mine wastes.
Newsletters and magazines
Earthwise - a magazine focusing on geoscience themes across the range of the BGS'
activities and expertise.
Earthworks are the newsletter for the DFID KaR Geoscience Programme.
Bangladesh water quality data - A series of downloadable data files in CSV format.
These data are also included in the 'groundwater arsenic problem in Bangladesh'
report.
The BGS photographic collection comprises over 100 000 photographs. Some of
these have been compiled into a series of themed screen savers to download.

290

Reports and papers by BGS staff covering the CCOP region, 2003-04
Barber, A J & Crow, M J 2003. An evaluation of plate tectonic models for the development
of Sumatra. Gondwana Research, 6, 1-28.
Fordyce, F M & Cave, M R 2003. Soil, wheat, cabbage and drinking water iodine in relation
to human iodine status and iodine deficiency disorders in Xinjiang Province, China.
In: 6th International Symposium on Environmental Geochemistry: final programme
and book of abstracts. Edinburgh: ISEG, p.23
Fordyce, F M, Stewart, A G & Cave, M R 2003. Environmental controls in IDD: a case
study in the Xinjiang Province of China. British Geological Survey Report
CR/01/045N.
Jordan, C J, & Napier, B 2004. Technical assistance for the development of a remote
sensing capability to Department of Mining to allow a re-interpretation of regional
geology of Papua New Guinea. British Geological Survey Report CR/04/103
(confidential).
Klootwijk, C & Falvey, D 2003. Papua New Guinea Highlands: palaeomagnetic constraints
on terrane tectonics. Tectonophysics, 362, 239-72.
Klootwijk, C & Falvey, D 2003. North Sepik Region of Papua New Guinea Highlands:
palaeomagnetic constraints on arc accretion and deformation. Tectonophysics, 362,
273-301.
Li, X, Liu, E, Liu, Y-J & Shen, F. 2003. Fracture detection using land 3D seismic data from
the Yellow River delta, China. Leading Edge, 22, 680-3.
Matsumoto, T & Tappin, D R 2003. Possible coseismic large-scale landslide off the northern
coast of Papua New Guinea in July 1998: geophysical and geological results from
SOS cruises. Pure & Applied Geophysics, 160, 1923-43.
Ovadia, D C 2003. Report of visit to Papua New Guinea. British Geological Survey Report
IR/01/109R (restricted).

291
Annex
CCOP METADATA IMPLEMENTATION PROJECT
Deliverables & Task list
Deliverables
Deliverable 0: Project management.
0.1
0.2
Tasks
Overall organization and coordination of the project
Provide regular progress reports to CCOP member
countries
Comments
These activities would be
best carried out by the
CCOP Technical
Secretariat
Deliverable 1: Review existing metadata standards

1.1
1.2
Tasks
Review existing international standards for spatial
metadata, and geoscience implementations elsewhere.
Report on metadata review and recommend metadata
standards to be followed by CCOP
Comments
The KAR metadata
project will be producing
a review of international
metadata standards and
their applicability to
geoscience, which could
form the basis of this
work
Deliverable 2: Implementation strategy

2.1
2.2
Tasks
Review and report on implementation options for
metadata entry and dissemination with costings and
recommendations eg local Access based metadata entry
with central web server for dissemination; web metadata
entry and dissemination; separate Access based
metadata systems in each member country etc. If a
central metadata server is decided on then a decision
needs to be made on where it will be sited, whether an
existing machine can be used, and who will maintain it.
Decide on implementation strategy

292
Comments
This is a key task. The
KAR metadata project
will be developing tools,
such as an Access
metadata entry system
and a template design for
metadata web
dissemination, but the
decision on the
implementation design to
be adopted must be made
by CCOP. This should be
an early task for the
CCOP metadata task
force
A decision agreed by all
CCOP members
2.3
Purchase and install any hardware and software required As this may be a major
by implementation strategy.
cost of the project,
funding should be sought
at an early stage, so that
installation can be
completed by the time
development of the
applications has been
finished
Deliverable 3: Design and implement metadatabase tables and dictionaries

3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
Tasks
Consultation with end-users of geoscience data on their
requirements. This task isnt essential but is highly
desirable to make sure the resulting metadata system is
useful and used. It might also open up possible funding
avenues.
Design metadatabase tables conforming to agreed
international standard and taking account of user
requirements identified in Task 3.1
Implement metadatabase tables (on both central and
local systems according to implementation strategy)
Develop constraint dictionaries for fields in
metadatabase tables
Implement constraint dictionaries for metadatabase
tables (on both central and local systems according to
implementation strategy)
Add local languages to multi-lingual thesaurus (MLT)
Comments
The KAR metadata
project will be carrying
out user assessments and
producing template
metadatabase tables and
dictionaries, which could
work
This will require

translation effort from
member countries and
assistance from TNO to
extend the MLT.
It was estimated this
would require one man
month from each
member country whose
language is not in the
MLT.
Deliverable 4: Develop metadata gathering procedures

4.1
4.2
Tasks
Design metadata gathering procedures
Produce report on metadata gathering procedures

293
Comments
The KAR metadata
template metadata
gathering procedures,
which could form the
basis of this work
Deliverable 5: Develop metadata input application

5.1
5.2
Tasks
Design metadata input application
Implement metadata input application
Comments
The KAR metadata
a PC-based (Access)
metadata input
application, which could
work if the
implementation strategy
adopts this rather than
web-based metadata
entry
Deliverable 6: Metadata collection, input and concatenation

6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
Tasks
Training of staff from member countries in the metadata
gathering procedures and the use of the metadata input
application
Gathering of metadata by member countries according
to standard procedures defined by Task 4
Comments
This will require funding
This work has to be done

by the member countries
and will be their major
commitment of effort.
In GEIXS we estimated
around 50 man days for
each country to do this,
but it will vary a lot
between countries
depending on the
amount of data
members have, whether
metadata already exists,
whether it is in digital
form etc. The CCOP
Metadata Task Force
Digitisation of metadata by member countries using should try and produce
standard application produced by Task 5
an accurate estimate of
this at an early stage.
Development of procedures for the receiving, validation This task is only required
and concatenation of metadata from member countries if a central metadata
server is to be
into the central metadatabase
implemented.
Procedures were
developed for GEIXS
which could form the
basis of this work. TNO
might be able to provide
input and advice on this.

294
6.5
6.6
The receiving, validation and concatenation of metadata This task is only required
into the central metadatabase using procedures if a central metadata
server is to be
developed in Task 6.3
implemented. This work
would probably be
carried out by the
organization hosting the
server
Management and ongoing update of the central This task is only required
metadatabase
if a central metadata
server is to be
implemented. This is an
ongoing task that would
be done by the
organization hosting the
server. Once the
metadatabase has been
created this will not
require a large amount of
effort.
Deliverable 7: Development of a metadata retrieval application

7.1
7.2
Tasks
Design metadata retrieval application taking account of
user requirements identified in Task 3.1
Implement metadata retrieval application, including
graphic interface
Comments
The KAR metadata
both a PC-based (Access)
and a web-based
metadata retrieval
application, one of which
could form the basis of
this work depending on
the implementation
strategy adopted
In the comments column:

Under line indicates areas where BGS may be able to assist through the KAR metadata
project.
Bold Italic indicates areas where TNO may be able to assist.
Bold indicates the areas where the CCOP member countries will make their major
contribution.

295

15-18 November 2004
Tsukuba, Japan

of
U.S.A.
Submitted by
Jack H. Medlin
U.S. Geological Survey, U.S.A.

297


Country:
U.S.A.
Period:
1 July 2003 30 June 2004
1. Summary
This year has been a very active one with regard to United States-CCOP activities and
we anticipate that next year will be equally active and productive.
2. Review of Current Technical Activities and Geoscience Programs in CCOP Region
2.1 Texas A&M
First, David Prior continued to serve as Chair, Advisory Group to CCOP, and to
organize and chair the "Brainstorming" meeting in Bangkok, which was charged with
providing recommendations for the future of CCOP. Dr. Prior also adeptly managed the
evaluations and selection of the Second Annual EAGER award.
Texas A&M also welcomed the first TAMU-CCOP Fellow in September 2004. The
Fellow is from the Philippines. TAMU is still offering two additional fellowships and would
welcome nominations.
During the past year, TAMU was successful in winning the contract (with Columbia
University) for the next 10 years of Ocean Drilling. The National Science Foundation (NSF)
wishes to encourage CCOP country participation. Japan is one of the lead agencies; China
has joined the drilling program.
2.2
National Oceans and Aeronautical Administration (NOAA)
In May 2004, Mr. Rene Eppi and Mr. Jim McVey of NOAA's Sea Grant International
Activities Office visited with the Malaysia Minerals and Geoscience Department as well as
other Malaysian coastal and marine agencies to discuss NOAA's Sea Grant Model Program.
This meeting was a continuation of previous meetings with other CCOP Member Countries.
The purpose and function of the Sea Grant Model program is to engage the capabilities of a
nation's research institutes/universities in addressing critical marine resource management
issues. A Model program is a true partnership between researchers, government, and
community entities. So far, in the CCOP region, Korea and Indonesia have embarked on the
Sea Grant Model. In Korea, MOMAF is the lead agency. In Indonesia, the Ministry of
Marine Affairs and Fisheries has taken the lead.

299
A workshop on the Sea Grant Model Program is planned in 2005 for the region. This
workshop will identify and determine focus issues and develop better ideas for the marine
and coastal resource policy and management, apply science to sustainable coastal and
resources management, and identify strategies needed to navigate approaches to regional
problems.
2.3
U. S. Geological Survey (USGS)

USGS continued its multilateral and bilateral activities in the CCOP region.
(1) The USGS-CCOP Minerals Project conducted the Second Seminar on

Quantitative Mineral Resource Assessment in Bangkok on February 16-20, 2004. This
seminar consisted of five (5) days of group work sessions on undiscovered porphyry copper
and sedimentary copper deposits and resulted in the delineation of approximately 70 tracts
permissive for these deposits and probabilistic estimates for each of the tracts. Attendees at
this seminar consisted of mineral resource specialists from Cambodia, China, Indonesia,
Japan, Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand and Vietnam. At the seminar, a work plan for 2004
was constructed by the specialists and a draft of the results of the seminar was sent to the
CCOP National Coordinators in May 2004 for comments and amendments. USGS received
these revisions in September 2004. The next seminar is scheduled in Kunming, China in
February 2005.
(2) Proposed ocean drilling project. A proposal entitled "An investigation of climate
history, sea-level change, and geologic processes in modern tropical empiric seas: application
to global change and ancient analogues" was submitted to the Integrated Ocean Drilling
Project (IODP) earlier this year. This proposal received favorable reviews, but requires
further preparation following recommendations that the proposal be divided into two linked
parts: the Gulf of Carpentaria (US and Australia) and the Sunda Shelf (Germany). USGS
continues to support the proposal, which is currently being reviewed before final submission
to IODP in early 2005. USGS has entered into discussions with NSF to conduct the required
site surveys. Technical plans to conduct these surveys have been developed, following the
successful USGS/Australian National University surveys conducted in the Gulf of
Carpentaria in the mid 1990s. Equipment would include high-resolution seismic systems, a
very high-resolution "chirp" seismic system, side-scan sonar, and piston cores for nearsurface core samples.
USGS continues to encourage CCOP and Member Countries to be part of these
important studies and to develop links with the now divided projects and the
leaders/coordinators of each. USGS will facilitate this interaction.
(3) The USGS continues to work with Indonesian colleagues in the Indonesian
Volcanological Institute to implement and carry out a project designed to install volcano
monitoring systems, do geological mapping, and conduct institutional building. This
proposed 3-year project is funded by the U.S. Office of Foreign Disaster Assistance (OFDA)
and has experienced some difficulty in full implementation.
(4) CCOP and USGS have developed, reviewed, and are now prepared to sign a
Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) between the two organizations. This non-binding
MOU provides for cooperative activities in the broad fields of earth-sciences, biological

300
sciences, water resources and information technology (IT) and will likely be signed during
this Annual Meeting of CCOP.
(5) The USGS, as part of a U.S. Team consisting of the University of Arizona and
the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, has just completed a three (3) phase independent
study of the Marcopper Mine Waste Release on Marinduque Island, the Philippines. This
assessment study involved local groups on the Island, the Philippines Department of
Environment and Natural Resources, Philippines Department of Health, the Mines and
Geosciences Bureau, and the University of the Philippines. The study assessed the health,
environmental, and engineering aspects of the mine waste release, which occurred in 1996.
(6) Dr. Maurice Terman continues to generously support the EAGER research
award. This year will be the second year that an award has been given in support of proposal
driven research in the CCOP region. CCOP continues to play a very active and important
role in this award. Dr. Terman will speak in more detail about the award at the annual
meeting.
3. Proposed Future Activities and Assistance to CCOP in Support to Current and
Future Activities
The U.S. will continue to provide support for and interactions involving the
Fellowship program initiated by TAMU, NSF's offer to involve more CCOP countries in the
ocean drilling program, the global mineral resources assessment program, the IODP drilling
program (climate and ancient analogues, and other activities that may be identified).

301

15-18 November 2004
Tsukuba, Japan
Cooperating Organization Report

of
The ASEAN Council on Petroleum
(ASCOPE)
Submitted by
Zainal A Matassan
Secretary in Charge
ASEAN Council on Petroleum (ASCOPE)

303

ANNUAL COOPERATING ORGANIZATION REPORT

Organization:
ASEAN Council on
Petroleum (ASCOPE)
Period:
1 July 2003 30 June 2004
1. Introduction
1.1. Establishment of Asean
On the 8th of August 1967, five countries in the South East Asian region namely
Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand signed The Bangkok
Declaration in Bangkok, Thailand to mark the establishment of the Association of South
East Asian Nations (ASEAN).
The Declaration underlined a basic approach to regionalism conducted through the
consultation and coordination of activities among ASEAN Members. The Bangkok
Declaration also described the objectives and extent of cooperation among the ASEAN
Members in which each State, while retaining its primary responsibility to safeguard the
stability of national development in its own country, would cooperate under the auspices of
the following guidelines:
y
y
y
y
Joint endeavors in the spirit of equality and partnership;

Promotion of collaboration and mutual assistance on matters of common interest and
utilization of their agricultural and industrial resources;
Promotion of South East Asian studies;
Maintenance of close and beneficial cooperation with existing international and
regional organizations with similar aims and purposes.
1.2. The Development of the National Petroleum Industry in Asean Member

Countries
In order to understand the development of the National Petroleum Industry in ASEAN
Member Countries, it is helpful to refer to United Nations Resolution 626 on the Principle of
Permanent Sovereignty Over Natural Wealth and Resources. Adopted by the 7th United
Nations General Assembly on the 21st of December 1952, The Principle of Permanent
Sovereignty Over Natural Wealth and Resources, helped formulate global perceptions on
the harmful effects of imbalanced contractual arrangements, inequality of bargaining power
and, also, the lack of negotiating capacity between host governments and transnational oil
corporations. The Resolution recognized that the right of people to utilize and exploit their
natural wealth and resources is inherent in their countrys sovereignty. In addition, it also
stated that the peoples may for their own ends, freely dispose of their natural wealth and
resources, and in no case at all may people be deprived of its own means of subsistence.

305
The Landmark Resolution (also known as Resolution 1803) which was adopted by
the 17 United Nations General Assembly on the 14th of December 1962 served to further
emphasize the right to self determination and permanent sovereignty over natural wealth
and resources. Ten years later, on the 19th of October 1972, the 13th General Meeting of the
United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) adopted a resolution to
reaffirm the sovereign of all countries to freely dispose of their natural resources for the
benefit of their national development.
th
The growing emphasis on a States sovereignty over its own resources, as outlined in
UN Resolution 626 in 1952 and the UNCTAD Resolution in 1972, was instrumental in
setting the course for the establishment of the National Petroleum Industry in a number of
countries including countries in the South East Asian Region. In Indonesia, the Government
established PERMINA in December 1957 as the first National Oil Company in ASEAN. In
1971 the company was renamed PERTAMINA in accordance with Indonesias Law No. 8.
Singapore established Singapore Petroleum Company (SPC) in 1969 and the Philippines
established the Philippines National Oil Company (PNOC) on 9 November, 1973. This was
followed by PETRONAS of Malaysia in December 1974 and the Petroleum Authority of
Thailand (PTT) in December 1978. Brunei Darussalam established the Petroleum Unit of the
Prime Ministers Office in 1982.
Within the ASEAN Member Countries, National Oil Companies took charge of
petroleum matters and exercised, on behalf of their respective governments, the
implementation of their sovereign right over hydrocarbon resources. In this regard, the 1973
turmoil in world oil prices made Governments all the more aware of the strategic and
important role of oil in their nations economic development process.
1.3. Establishment of the Asean Council on Petroleum (ASCOPE)
In June 1975 PERTAMINA sent a proposal to the Heads of National Oil Companies
and Government Institutions in charge of petroleum matters in the ASEAN region to form
cooperation within the field of oil industry among the ASEAN Member Countries. The
proposal stated that joint cooperation will have as main aim to assist the ASEAN countries
in increasing their capabilities in all aspects and phases of the petroleum industry through
mutual assistance.
As ASEAN Member Countries showed positive response to the proposal, a
preliminary meeting was held in Manila on 5-6 September, 1975 to discuss the proposal. The
initial meeting was subsequently followed by another meeting in Jakarta on 13-14 October,
1975 to materialize the cooperation. The Jakarta meeting agreed to the formation of the
ASEAN Council on Petroleum (ASCOPE). On the 15th of October 1975, five founding
countries (namely Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand) signed the
Declaration of Establishment and the Memorandum of Understanding of ASCOPE. This
marked the establishment of the ASEAN Council on Petroleum.
Under the ASCOPE Declaration, it was recognized that petroleum is of strategic
importance to the economic development of Southeast Asian countries and that the interests
and well being of the people of the region should be protected in their pursuit for economic
development. Under the declaration, ASCOPE is firstly an instrument for regional
cooperation on petroleum and energy matters among ASEAN Member Countries. In this
regard, the aims and purpose of ASCOPE (as underlined in both the ASCOPE Declaration of
306
Establishment and, also, the Memorandum of Understanding) are strictly in line with the
objectives of ASEAN as follows:
y
y
y
y
y
y
Promotion of active collaboration and mutual assistance in the development of

petroleum resources in the region through joint endeavors in the spirit of equality and
partnership;
Collaboration in the efficient utilization of petroleum;
Providing mutual assistance in personnel training and the use of research facilities and
services in all phases of the petroleum industry;
Facilitating exchange of information;
Holding of Conferences and Seminars;
Maintenance of close cooperation with existing international and regional
organizations with similar aims and purposes.
1.4. Asean Council on Petroleum (ASCOPE) Membership

ASCOPE Member Countries are represented in ASCOPE by their respective National
Oil Companies or, in cases where the country does not have a National Oil Company, by the
Authority in charge of petroleum matters. The five founding members of ASCOPE were:
y
y
y
y
y
Indonesia (PERTAMINA)
Malaysia (PETRONAS)
Philippines (PNOC)
Singapore (SPC)
Thailand (PTT)
Brunei Darussalam (Petroleum Unit, Office of the Prime Minister) joined ASCOPE in
1985. Vietnam (PETROVIETNAM) became the seventh member of ASCOPE on 5
November, 1996 while Cambodia (CNPA) and Myanmar (MOGE) became ASCOPE
members on 14 February, 2001.
Effective 1999 the Vision of the ASEAN Council on Petroleum (ASCOPE) is
ASCOPE shall be globally competitive in an open international market by creating and
facilitating synergistic business opportunities while actively engaging in the petroleum and
petroleum related business.
The highest ranking body in ASCOPE is the ASCOPE Council.
The current ASCOPE Council Members are:
1. Pehin Dato Haji Yahya of Brunei Darussalam
Permanent Secretary, Office of the Prime Minister of Brunei Darussalam
2. H.E. Mr Sok An of Cambodia
Deputy Prime Minister and Chairman of the Cambodian National Petroleum Authority
3. Pak Widya Purnama of Indonesia
President Director and CEO of PT PERTAMINA (PERSERO)
4. Yang Berbahagia Tan Sri Dato Sri Mohd Hassan Marican of Malaysia
President and Chief Executive of PETRONAS
5. U San Lwin of the Union of Myanmar
Managing Director of the Myanmar Oil and Gas Enterprise (MOGE)

307
6. Mr Eduardo V. Manalac of the Philippines

President and Chief Executive Officer of the Philippine National Oil Company
7. Mr Choo Chiau Beng of Singapore
Chairman of Singapore Petroleum Company Limited (SPC)
8. Mr Prasert Bunsumpun of Thailand
President of PTT Public Company Limited (PTT)
9. Dr Tran Ngoc Canh of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam
President and CEO of PetroVietnam
2. Cooperation with CCOP
CCOPs activities are similar in nature to the earlier activities of the Members of the
ASEAN Council on Petroleum (ASCOPE), especially in the Exploration stage. It is at this
stage that both types of personnel, especially the Geologists and Geophysicists, feel that they
are very important. A point to note here is that in the petroleum industry the Geologists and
Geophysicists continue to feel that they are still important, if not the most important, all the
time. But we believe that all personnel whether they are Geologists, Geophysicists, Petroleum
Engineers, Accountants, Traders, Legal people, and supporting staff are important.
We believe that working as a team is important. We believe that working with other
people with similar interest is very important. Thus we believe in cooperating with CCOP.
Thus we have worked and cooperated with CCOP and will continue to do so.
Similarly, the activities of PETRAD are geared to the same objectives of ASCOPE.
Thus we also worked and cooperated with PETRAD.
As to date, as a team, ASCOPE, CCOP, and PETRAD, have organized and managed
approximately 120 seminars, workshops, and conferences which have benefited 4029
participants from East and Southeast Asia.
activities
Currently, joint ASCOPE-CCOP-PETRAD seminars and workshops are being
finalized for the latter part of 2004 and early 2005.
The ASEAN Council on Petroleum (ASCOPE), as ASCOPE and through its Members
such as PETRONAS, will continue to provide assistance to CCOP.
ASCOPE will continue to work together with CCOP and PETRAD in Capacity
Building in East and Southeast Asia regions, and in areas common to all parties. We believe
in working together as a Team for mutual benefits.

308

15-18 November 2004
Tsukuba, Japan

of
International Center for Training
and Exchanges in the Geosciences
(CIFEG)
Submitted by
Franois Lyonnais
CIFEG

309

COOPERATING ORGANIZATION REPORT

Organization:
CIFEG
Period:
1 July 2003 30 June 2004
1. Summary
CIFEG (International Centre for Training and Exchanges in Geoscience) is a nonprofit and non-governmental foundation. Created in 1981 to promote knowledge and
information dissemination and to favour scientific & technical education and applied research
in the field of Geosciences, for the benefit of economic and human development of emerging
countries. CIFEG's programmes are supported by UNESCO, the French Ministry of Foreign
Affairs and IUGS.
CCOP and CIFEG are the main actors in the SANGIS programme. SANGIS is a
network gathering 11 countries of Southeast Asia and designed for the exchange of
bibliographic metadata through the new technologies of information and communication.
SANGIS promotes cooperation among documentation centers covering Geosciences and
aims at improving the availability and the use of geological information by geoscientists and
specialists involved in Geosciences activities.
Since the launching of this programme in 2001 and 2002, CCOP and CIFEG have
endeavoured to develop the interoperability of the network and in 2003 and 2004, CIFEG's
activities in the SANGIS network, in close collaboration with CCOP, have pursued this end
purpose.
In order to create a common Geoscience bibliographic database among the SANGIS
member countries, one of the main CIFEG activities was to set up the Asian Multilingual
Thesaurus (AMT) project. For this, a launching workshop was organised with CCOP in
Bangkok in August 2003. Nine countries from the SANGIS network attended this meeting.
During the workshop the participants, amongst other things, discussed the methodology to
implement the Thesaurus and the normative tools to be used. The future schedule of the
project was also proposed and discussed.
The aim of such a project is to respond to an increasingly more evident need to
organize international cooperation in the field of Geoscience information. A multilingual
thesaurus permits the transposition and translation of any concept in many languages. This
initiative will facilitate and promote data exchanges between the SANGIS member countries
and the other potential users of the information. This could also be integrated to other
regional programmes on data exchange such as metadata and data compilation.

311
SANGIS creates and continuously updates a joint database for Geoscience

bibliographic metadata. Most SANGIS member countries produce bibliographic metadata by
computer methods through the SANGIS computerized bibliographic applications. They use a
common controlled indexing vocabulary composed of 5868 keywords.
The Asian Multilingual Thesaurus is based on this controlled vocabulary, which is
itself based on the Multilingual Thesaurus of Geosciences compiled and published by the
Commission on Geological Documentation of the International Union of Geological Sciences
(IUGS). This means that for each participating country, the work consisted of a careful
translation of the present thesaurus to a national version with its own language. It was not
necessary to redefine the concepts which were adopted. For the time being, 5 countries have
finished their "national" version of the AMT.
Extract of the AMT in English, Chinese, Japanese, Thai and Malaysian
In January 2004, in the frame of the SANGIS programme CIFEG's expert visited
Southeast Asia. His presence in the region was a good opportunity to visit his SANGIS
colleagues from the Department of Geology and Mines of Lao, the General Department of
Mineral Resources of Cambodia and in the CCOP T/S.
The purpose of these visits was a follow-up of the Asian Multilingual Thesaurus
project. It was the occasion to present the Thesaurus progress and the different SANGIS
programmes as well as the future of the AMT. These fruitful meetings provided an
opportunity to discuss problems encountered by our colleagues in the AMT project.
Technical difficulties occurring in the SANGIS bibliographic application since the last
CIFEG Training Sessions were solved during these visits.
312
In order to launch the bibliographic phase of the SANGIS Programme, two

presentation-training sessions concerning the SANGIS bibliographic management
applications have been held by CIFEG at the UN-ESCAP premises. The eleven partners of
the Network and the CCOP library manager attended these sessions. This was the first step to
integrate the SANGIS Network.
Countries using both the Bibliographic and the Web applications expressed their need
of a CIFEG contribution to reinforce these first sessions and the consequent Training Session,
in April 2004 in the Department of Mineral Resources (DMR) of Thailand, was organized on
this basis. The main objective for this session was to make participants fully acquainted with
the utilization of the SANGIS Bibliographic Applications in order for them to manage their
bibliographic references.
This session was also the occasion to present DMR with a complete Thai version of
the SANGIS Bibliographic Application under Ms Access2000. Both the controlled
vocabulary lists and the interfaces of the application have been translated in Thai.
same screen of the SANGIS Application : English version (left) and Thai version (right)
This feature allows DMR's librarians to operate in their own language for both
indexing and retrieval. It is one of the direct applications of the AMT.
313
3. Proposed future activities and assistance to CCOP in support of current and

future activities
In connection with the Thesaurus project, CIFEG with CCOP collaboration will
organize the second Geosciences Asian Multilingual Thesaurus workshop in Bangkok. This
workshop will be held on December 8th and 9th, 2004 under the umbrella and with the
participation of UNESCO. Ten SANGIS member countries and also representatives from the
CGI (Commission for the Management and Application of Geoscience Information) will
attend this meeting. The agenda will deal with the outcome and future of the Thesaurus; its
extension and the presentation of the first version of the Thesaurus in a computerized format.
With reference to the bibliographic phase of the SANGIS programme, CIFEG will
continue to work on improvements to the bibliographic application and, as was done for
Thailand, CIFEG will customize the SANGIS Bibliographic Application under Ms
Access2000 in the different national languages. The SANGIS Web Application will be "redesigned" to be more user-friendly. Finally, in agreement with CCOP, the SANGIS server
will be transferred from CIFEG to the CCOP premises in February 2005.
A preliminary version of the Asian Multilingual Thesaurus hard copy is planned to be
published by CCOP for the forthcoming 2nd AMT Workshop.

314

15-18 November 2004
Tsukuba, Japan

of
Circum Pacific Council for
Energy and Mineral Resources
(CPC)
Submitted by
David Howell
Circum Pacific Council (CPC)

315


Organization:
CPC
Period:
1 July 2003 30 June 2004
1. Summary
The Circum Pacific Council for Energy and Mineral Resources (CPC) was founded in
1972 by Michel Halbouty as an international, non-governmental, tax-exempt association of
earth scientists and engineers who represent industry, academia, and government. The
mission of the Council is to foster better understanding and communication about earth
resources and understanding risk in the Pacific Region. The Councils goals include:
improving knowledge of earth resources and damaging natural hazards in the Pacific Region;
increasing collaboration among geologists, hydrologists, biologists, oceanographers, and
related scientists; and disseminating earth science information through maps, publications,
symposia and workshops.
In the early years, as part of its main activities, CPC had organized major conferences
every 4 years from 1974 to 1986. After that, a series of symposia and workshops were
organized once every one or two years to assist countries in the Circum Pacific region by
providing a forum for in-depth discussions on topics germane to their needs. Framework
geology has been the key to understand potential hydrocarbon and mineral resources as well
as potential risk from natural hazards. More recent workshops have begun to analyze the
demand side of resources, particularly as it relates to sustainable development.
CPC also published papers that include new data and new maps; report on CPC
sponsored conferences, symposia and workshops and describes the results of onshore and
marine geological and geophysical research and explorations in and around the Pacific Basin.
Topics of interest include framework geology, petroleum geology, hard minerals, geothermal
energy, environmental geology, volcanology, oceanography, tectonics, geophysics,
geochemistry, and applications of renewable energy.
CPC has under the map project published the following series of maps: The CircumPacific Map Project (CPMP) and the East Asia Geographic Map Series. Other projects of
CPC that have been completed in the past few years include: Circum Pacific Geospatial Data
Project, Crowding the Rim initiative, HazPac, RimSim and CTR Educational Module.
Several new initiatives have been embarked upon by CPC to address the needs of the
people of the Circum Pacific Region. Among some of the major activities are: Powering the
Rim - the future of energy security in the Circum-Pacific region, Aggregates the building
blocks of infrastructure, Geothermics an energy source not yet fully realized, and Tsunamis
the waves that destroy.
Some publications of CPC have been provided to CCOP for information
dissemination and could be of use for GRID-net.
317

CPC has under the map project published the following series of maps:
The Circum-Pacific Map Project (CPMP): This is a cooperative international effort to
assemble and publish new geographic, geological, geophysical and resource maps of the
Pacific Basin and surrounding continental areas. The Circum-Pacific Maps are intended to
aid in the exploration for new resources and to stimulate research in all aspects of the earth
sciences and natural resources of the region.
The East Asia Geographic Map Series: This is a series of eight overlapping 1:2
million sheets useful for the compilation and display of resource and environmental
information have been published. This project was undertaken in joint cooperation with
CCOP and USGS.
Other projects of CPC that have been completed in the past few years include:
Circum Pacific Geospatial Data Project: This contains a digital geoscience databank
including a lexicon of geologic names and a compilation of bio- and chronostratigraphic data
for East and Southeast Asia. This project was undertaken in cooperation with the USGS and
CCOP, and with financial support from the Industrial Associates.
Crowding the Rim initiative: Under this initiative, a partnership among the American
Red Cross, Circum-Pacific Council, Stanford University and the United States Geological
Survey was established to understand the increasing potential for catastrophic social and
economic disasters. The Crowding the Rim Project creates tools to promote cross-sector
international discussion to mitigate regional catastrophes. Some of the outputs of this
initiative include:
HazPac, short for hazards of the Pacific is a compilation of digital data on natural
hazards, population and infrastructure. Utilizing GIS technology, one can view and query the
HazPac dataset to discover the regional interconnections and shared risks of the Pacific Rim
region. This dataset is available on CD-ROM from the USGS or can be down loaded for free
from the website.
RimSim, short for Pacific Rim Simulation is a conflict negotiation simulation that
provides an opportunity to address risk in an increasingly interconnected global community.
Participants are introduced to a collaborative problem-solving approach that emphasizes faceto-face dialogue and multinational cooperation in dealing with humanitarian concerns as well
as long-term efforts to reconstruct local and regional infrastructure. Workshops featuring
RimSim have been held in Palo Alto, USA; San Jose, Costa Rica; Shanghai, China; and
Bangkok, Thailand.
CTR Educational Module, a set of secondary-level classroom curricula, was
developed to educate young people and others about risk in the context of the Pacific Rim.
These teacher-friendly lesson plans and exercises incorporate group discussions,
collaborative problem solving and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) technology. This
module was published by the Stanford Program on International and Cross-Cultural
Education (SPICE).
318
activities
The CPC is embarking on several new initiatives that address the needs of the people
of the Circum Pacific Region. Among some of the major activities are:
Powering the Rim - the future of energy security in the Circum-Pacific region.
Although much is known about the distribution of energy resources throughout the Pacific
Rim, no synthesis of this information exists to aid decision-makers in evaluating geopolitical
risks and opportunities associated with energy resource production, transportation, and
consumption in this region. The CPC proposes to develop, compile, and present the
fundamental energy resource data necessary to make well-informed, strategic energy policy
decisions for the Pacific Rim. These data will include estimates of reserves and resources of
fossil fuels, including oil, natural gas, and coal; sources of renewable energy production and
potential, including geothermal, wind, solar, and biomass; and strategic minerals such as
uranium. The occurrence of these energy resources combined with consumption data and
projected demand will provide a graphic representation of where energy resources can be
produced, where they are used and where they will be needed in the next two decades. We
propose to create an energy resource atlas designed to illustrate these critical relationships.
Aggregates the building blocks of infrastructure: The availability of materials and
the environmental impacts of extraction are critical issues for a number Pacific rim countries.
The CPC wishes to elevate this local issue to international status and develop a methodology
for conflict resolution among construction industry, city governments, environmentalists, and
the recreation community.
Geothermics an energy source not yet fully realized: The goal of this project is to
develop a workshop curriculum designed to highlight how and where small supplies of
geothermal energy can have significant impact on selected local areas. The intent is to
broaden the application of geothermics.
Tsunamis the waves that destroy: Tsunamis may be locally generated or they may
travel at high speeds across an entire ocean. The project is designed to work with the Civil
Defense and local authorities of coastal zones around the pacific margin. Outcome objectives
include better education, improved warning systems, enhanced responders capability and
more prudent land use planning.
CPC appreciates the opportunity it has to work closely with CCOP for the past 30
years. With the signing of the CCOP-CPC ADPC Memorandum of Understanding in April
2004, it looks forward to an even enhanced level of cooperation and partnership in the
coming years.

319

a. Perspectives on Energy 2-DVD set: Today & Tomorrow Discussions of Resources,
Technology, Economics and Policy; Circum-Pacific Council for Energy & Mineral
Resources (CPC).
b. RimSim in Shanghai DVD; Circum-Pacific Council for Energy & Mineral Resources
(CPC) in cooperation with the US Geological Survey (USGS) and the Earthquakes
Megacities Initiative.

320

15-18 November 2004
Tsukuba, Japan

of
The United Nations
Economic and Social Commission
for Asia and the Pacific
(UN-ESCAP)
Submitted by
Anotaly Kadushkin
UN-ESCAP

321


Organization:
UN-ESCAP
Period:
1 July 2003 30 June 2004
1. Summary
Following the UN-ESCAP reforms process over the last three years and the decisions
on realigning the UN-ESCAP work programme on the geoscience and mineral sector towards
water resources before the 2004-2005 biennium, the activities of UN-ESCAP in the
geoscience sector during the reporting period have focused on accomplishing two final
publications under the ESCAP Mineral Atlas Series and Urban Geology Series, and
organizing two training workshops, which are described below.
2. Review of current technical activities and geosciences programmes in the CCOP
2.1. Training Activities
a) Replication of CCOP Strategic Approach in South Asia: Training Workshop on
Integrating Sciences in Sustainable Development of Natural Resources and Poverty
Alleviation in South Asia.
To replicate the strategic approach of CCOP in re-orientation of its programmes
towards a sustainable future, UN-ESCAP organized the Training Workshop on Integrating
Sciences in Sustainable Development of Natural Resources and Poverty Alleviation in South
Asia in Colombo, Sri Lanka from 4 to 6 November 2003. The Workshop was attended by 35
participants from the Geological Survey Departments and National Water Boards of six
developing countries: India, Islamic Republic of Iran, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri
Lanka.
Participants presented and discussed strategies, challenges and opportunities for
geosciences organizations and national water boards in addressing the needs of the society
and the poor in the 21st century. Best practices in policy re-orientation toward a diversified
role and holistic approach to be taken by the geological survey organizations in meeting
needs pertaining to problems of natural disaster mitigation, environment degradation,
sanitation and sustainable development of ground and surface water resources were
exemplified.
Dr. Nicholas Robins from BGS presented a wealth of new techniques on diversified
application of geosciences and information technologies in sustainable development of
natural resources, including water and sanitation, coastal management, minerals, energy,
hazards and disasters, engineering geology and human resource development.

323
Special training sessions were organized to review global, regional and national water
resource assessment, water quality monitoring programmes, major developments and
techniques in hydrogeological and geochemical mapping, groundwater exploration and
mitigation of water contamination.
Major recommendations for UN-ESCAP follow-up technical assistance in capacity
building of geological survey organizations and national water boards focused on preparation
of guidelines and training in the development of strategic integrated geosciences programmes
that would address societal needs in the 21st century and the problems of natural hazards
mitigation, environmental degradation and sustainable development of groundwater
resources; training/advisory assistance in groundwater legislation, evaluation of groundwater
potential and mitigation of water contamination; and training in ICT and space technology
application for natural disaster evaluation and monitoring, environmental monitoring and
freshwater resource assessment.
b) Training Workshop on the Development of Effective Management and Decision
Making Tools for the Mitigation of Contamination of Soils, Crops and Water in the Greater
Mekong Sub-region.
This Training Workshop was organized by UN-ESCAP in collaboration with the
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and the International Water Management
Institute (IWMI) from 16 to 18 June 2004 in Bangkok, Thailand. The Workshop was attended
by 26 participants from five countries of the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS), namely
Cambodia, Lao PDR, Myanmar, Thailand and Viet Nam, representatives of IAEA, IWMI,
private sector, as well as the Asian Institute of Technology (AIT). The multi-disciplinary
nature of participating experts from the GMS member countries underlined a diversity and
complexity of technological and managerial issues involved in mitigating environmental and
health risks associated with contaminated surface and groundwater by heavy metals.
The Workshop focused on a review of current contamination status of Potentially
Toxic Elements (PTEs) in various ecosystems in the GMS countries, identification of major
sources and scope of contamination, implications for public health and environment as well
as remediation options. From a regional perspective, elevated levels of PTEs resulting from
both natural and anthropogenic sources have been reported in groundwater, surface water,
river sediments, soil and agricultural produce. This has lead to direct impacts on public and
environmental health.
The Workshop noted with concern that arsenicosis and fluorosis resulting from the
use of groundwater with excessive levels of arsenic (As) and/or fluoride (F) are issues of
regional significance. In addition, the household use of high As/F coal as a means of drying
agricultural produce is a major pathway of arsenicosis and fluorosis in several provinces in
China.
The Workshop identified PTEs contamination of soil and agricultural produce
resulting from the agricultural use of water contaminated with discharge from non-ferrous
mining and ore processing activities, particulate deposition in areas adjacent to non-ferrous
smelters and the agricultural use of untreated urban/industrial wastewater. In addition, several
reports have identified the long-term use of phosphate fertilizers and agricultural amendments
(biosolids) as a source of heavy metal contamination. Chronic thallium (Tl) poisoning
resulting from food chain Tl contamination has also been reported at specific point source
324
locations. Mercury contamination of surface water, soils and crops and associated public
health risks have also been reported as a result of primarily of coal combustion, non-ferrous
ore mining and processing and industrial processes. Cadmium contamination of agricultural
soils from both natural and anthropogenic sources was confirmed and potential public health
risks have been identified in the industrialized areas of China, Thailand, and Viet Nam.
Participants noted that although decision support tools, namely national and
international water and soil quality standards, causality chain indicator frameworks, as well
as land, water, mining and environmental laws exist on a regional basis, potential toxic
element contamination is a reality and its scale has to a large extent gone un-noticed by
decision makers. Participants assigned a high priority to PTEs contamination issues in the
countries of GMS and identified potential management solutions, decision support tools, and
remediation options.
The major outcome of the Workshop was a strong support by the countries of the
GMS to a subregional water quality capacity-building project on protecting food security,
human health, environmental integrity and livelihoods in rice-based agricultural systems from
the detrimental impacts of PTEs. The project has been formulated and presented by Dr.
Robert Simmons of IWMI at the Workshop.
2.2. Publications
a) Atlas of Mineral Resources of the ESCAP Region, Volume 17: Geology and
Mineral Resources of Timor-Leste.
The final volume of the UN-ESCAP Mineral Atlas Series is devoted to the
Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste, the newly independent country since 20 May 2002,
which was unanimously admitted to the UN-ESCAP membership during the first phase of the
fifty-ninth session of the Commission, held in April 2003 in Bangkok.
The information contained in this volume is based mainly on the data that has been
collected by UN-ESCAP during 2002-2003 in the execution of the ESCAP/UNDP Special
Services for Policy and Programme Development (SPPD) Project TIM/01/022:Natural and
mineral resources inventory, policy and development strategy.
b) Atlas of Urban Geology, Volume 14: The Ground Beneath Our Feet: A Factor in
Urban Planning.
The final volume of the Atlas of Urban Geology series reviews the status of urban
geology up to 2002 in 25 member countries of the ESCAP including six CCOP member
countries; Cambodia, China, Indonesia, Philippines, Thailand and Viet Nam. This final
volume illustrates the geologic impacts on development and planning in cities of South-West,
South-East and Central Asia.
activities.
The contamination of soil, groundwater and surface water by heavy metals/metalloids
has become a major environmental and public health hazard and a major constraint to
sustainable development in many countries of Asia. Many rivers, lakes and groundwater
325
resources are becoming increasingly polluted. The main source of freshwater pollution can be
attributed to discharge of untreated waste, dumping of industrial effluents, mineral mining,
and run-off from agricultural fields. Industrial growth, urbanization and the increasing use of
synthetic organic substances have serious and adverse impacts on freshwater bodies. It is a
generally accepted fact that the developing countries of Asia are facing problems of
agricultural run-off into water sources, toxic chemical discharges from industries polluting
drinking water, which leads to water-borne diseases and affects the human health.
Millions of people worldwide are consuming water from groundwater sources that
contain arsenic above safe levels. Long-term exposure to such poisoned water can lead to
serious health problems, collectively called arsenicosis, which include skin lesions, skin
cancers, internal cancers affecting the bladder, kidney and lungs, and hypertension. The total
exposed population in various parts of world is approximately 100 million, which makes it a
disaster of global dimensions. The research on arsenic contamination of groundwater in the
region during the last decade confirmed its existence in the groundwater resources of
Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, the Islamic Republic of Iran, Lao PDR, Myanmar, Nepal,
Pakistan, Thailand, Viet Nam and the West Bengal Province of India.
Bangladesh, Nepal and the West Bengal Province of India are believed to be among
the most affected areas in Asia. The severity and dimensions of the arsenic crisis in Asia,
however, are not only becoming fully understood. Conservative estimates put the total
number of people drinking arsenic contaminated water from 60 to 75 million in the Asia
region.
In response to this challenge, UN-ESCAP has currently formulated a project profile
entitled Threats and Opportunities for Sustainable and Safe Water Supply to the Poor in
Asia: Regional Response to Freshwater Contamination Crisis for potential donor support.
The project will address the challenge of achieving in the MDG target on providing
safe drinking water, as little data is currently available in the region on the quality of
groundwater being used extensively for water supply and irrigation, as well as the MDG
targets on health and poverty reduction. The project draws on the convening power and
policy advocacy of UN-ESCAP in addressing this regional water crisis, and the leading role
taken by UN-ESCAP in collaborating and cooperating with UNICEF, WHO, UNU, other UN
agencies and civil society in hosting several regional conferences to create greater awareness
on arsenicosis since 2001, and its strength in analysis and research.
The project aims to facilitate the development of institutional mechanism at national
and local levels for successful and effective implementation of planning and remediation
strategies to address the arsenic crisis. The project is expected to identify agricultural systems
and associated poor communities at risk from elevated levels of heavy metals and metalloids;
quantify health, environmental, socio-economic and food security related impacts; and
develop and implement appropriate sustainable management solutions.
In case of funding approval, CCOP will be invited to participate in the project on
assessment of contamination of groundwater resources in CCOP member countries.

326

a) Exploring Timor-Leste Mineral and Hydrocarbon Potential, ST/ESCAP/2243, United
Nations, 2003.
b) Atlas of Mineral Resources of the ESCAP Region, Volume 17: Geology and Mineral
Resources of Timor-Leste, ST/ESCAP/2267, Sales No. E.03.II.F.34, ISBN:92-1120174-8, ISSN: 1014-5451, United Nations, 2003.
c) Atlas of Urban Geology, Volume 14: The Ground Beneath Our Feet: A Factor in
Urban Planning, ST/ESCAP/2241, Sales No.E.03.II.F.17, ISBN: 92-1-120154-3,
United Nations, 2003.
d) Report of the Training Workshop on Integrating Sciences in Sustainable Development
of Natural Resources and Poverty Alleviation in South Asia, 4-6 November 2003,
Colombo, Sri Lanka.
e) Training Manual and Workshop Guide for the Training Workshop on Integrating
Sciences in Sustainable Development of Natural Resources and Poverty Alleviation in
South Asia, Commissioned Report CR/03/259N, British Geological Survey, National
Environment Research Council, November 2003.

327

15-18 November 2004
Tsukuba, Japan

of
Geophysical Exploration Technology
(GETECH)
Submitted by
J. Derek Fairhead
GETECH

329


Organization:
GETECH
Period:
1 July 2003 30 June 2004
1. Summary
GETECH has had a good business year in SE Asia. This is clearly related to the
strong oil price, which is encouraging exploration in the region. The products of the Magnetic
Study of East and Southeast Asia (MESA) have sold well with royalties of $12,250 recently
paid to CCOP. There are additional sales in progress, which will result in additional royalties
being paid to CCOP in due course. Helping GETECH in Southeast Asia is our new agent Jon
Savage (ex BP) who is based in Singapore and has a range of oil related business
involvements in the region as well as he being the First Vice President on the Council of
SEAPEX.
GETECH sees a range of new opportunities in Southeast Asia as the national oil
companies, via their New Venture groups, start to develop global exploration portfolios.
GETECH has the worlds largest global gravity and magnetic database and with its numerous
ArcGIS interpretation regional studies can help these groups in very positive ways.
2. Review of activities
With the complete reprocessing of the Satellite gravity data for S E Asia we now have
free air gravity over all marine areas down to 10km resolution. This resolution is significantly
superior to public domain data that has resolution of 30 to 40km. These datasets can be
marketed to oil companies as of December 2004.
The main activities are GETECHs involvement in detailed interpretations of these
gravity data. The studies are known as SEAMAGIC and SEASTAR and provide ArcGIS
products for individual basins in SE Asia that are coming up for bid rounds. The other
activity is the setting up a project with MIGAS, Indonesia to complete the aeromagnetic and
marine magnetic compilation of all existing data for Indonesia.
3. Proposed activities
I would like CCOP to consider helping to organize and possibly fund a 3-4 day
training course on Gravity and Magnetic Methods in Todays Oil Industry with special
reference to SE Asia. This course is proving very popular and provides an insight of how
gravity and magnetic data can significantly help oil exploration in the region.

331
4. Reports/Publications
GETECH remains very active in presenting papers and publications in the region.
This includes ASEG, PESA, SEAPEX and IPA.
5. Others
GETECH has increased its business activities in SE Asia with the employment of Jon
Savage (Singapore) as our regional marketing agent. Sale of products has increased and these
are likely to continue with financial benefits to CCOP.

332

15-18 November 2004
Tsukuba, Japan

of
NOAAs National Sea Grant
College Program in Asia
Submitted by
National Sea Grant Office
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)

333


Organization:
NOAA Sea Grant
Period:
1 July 2003 30 June 2004
1. Summary
What is Sea Grant and its operating principles
The National Sea Grant College Program is part of the National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) within the U.S. Department of Commerce. In 1966,
with the adoption of the National Sea Grant College Act, Congress established an
academic/industry/government partnership that would enhance the nation's education,
economy, and environment into the 21st century. NOAA Sea Grants mission is to enhance
the practical use and conservation of coastal, marine and Great Lakes resources to create a
sustainable economy and environment.
NOAA Sea Grant is a nationwide network of 30+ university-based programs that
conduct research, extension, education, and communications to achieve a sustainable
environment and to encourage the responsible use of Americas coastal, ocean, and Great
Lakes resources. Sea Grant provides a stable national infrastructure of programs located at
universities in every coastal and Great Lakes state, and Puerto Rico. The program engages
over 3,000 scientists, engineers, extension agents, educators, communications specialists, and
students drawn from over 300 institutions.
NOAA Sea Grant invests in high priority theme areas such as coastal communities
and economies, coastal hazards mitigation, ecosystems and habitats, aquaculture, fisheries
and seafood technology, marine biotechnology, aquatic invasive species, the urban coast,
ocean technology and education. The program is an open and competitive, science
management, capacity building, service enterprise committed to creating new knowledge
(research) and transferring science-based information to users through outreach (extension,
education and communications) for mission-related objectives. The Sea Grant enterprise is
organized nationally and implemented at the state and local levels in order to fully engage the
network in sound research, education and outreach (extension and communications).
Research: Gets resources to problems identified by coastal residents and businesses,

and local, regional, state and federal agencies. Each year, competitively-funded
research projects are supported across the full spectrum of marine and coastal
sciences.
Education: Provides training and curriculum development for K-12 educators to

bring the sciences into the classroom; fellowship opportunities for policy study in
Washington, D.C. and for work with industry; and support for graduate research
assistants.

335
Extension: Facilitates rapid transfer of easily understood scientific information in

forms that are readily understood by coastal communities and decision makers.
Agents connect community residents to the resources of the nations top universities
to address locally identified problems.
Communications: Serves as an honest broker of Sea Grant information to a wide

range of audiences using multimedia approaches. Communications staff throughout
the nation keep the public informed about current research and technology in the
marine and aquatic sciences.
NOAA Sea Grant is involved in a variety of projects on the international front.

Several of these activities and projects are described, below.
International Sea Grant Paradigm: NOAA Sea Grant, NOAA Researchs

International Activities (IA) Office, U.S. universities and foreign counterparts are
working together to foster global capacity for sustainable resource use and social
development in marine and coastal environments worldwide by adapting the Sea Grant
model of applied research, extension and education to international contexts.
Examples of ongoing activities within the CCOP context, including the Pacific Islands,
include the following:
Southeast Asia: NOAA Sea Grant continues to support the successful Indonesia Sea
Partnership Program (Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries) through short-term
technical assistance. In addition, NOAA met with government representatives in
Malaysia in 2004 to explore possible interests in the Sea Grant program. Additional
exploratory trips are planned to the Philippines and Thailand in early 2005. Sea Grant
plans to co-host a regional workshop in late 2005 in partnership with the Indonesian
Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries and CCOP. The workshop is aimed at
assessing the feasibility of applying the Sea Grant model in the Southeast Asia by
highlighting Indonesias success in implementing the Sea Partnership Program,
sharing information on marine and coastal issues in Southeast Asia, and on the U.S.
Sea Grant Program. Workshop topics will address extension and education, and will
include existing crosscutting economic, social and environmental issues in the region.
Indonesia, which has successfully developed its own program based on the Sea Grant
model, has already received international recognition, including invitations to speak at
the Coastal Zone 05 and Sea Grant Week conferences.
Korea: In September 2004 a delegation from NOAA Research and Sea Grant met
with Korean leadership from government, university and the city of Busan to discuss
the establishment of the first Sea Grant college and extension program at Pukyung
National University in Busan. Since 2002 the Korean Ministry of Marine Affairs and
Fisheries (MOMAF) has been managing a competitive grants program with 14
national universities on marine and costal science and technology topics. NOAA Sea
Grant is also cooperating with Korea on developing an offshore aquaculture program.

336
Sea Grant in the Pacific: The U.S. affiliated Pacific Islands have long expressed an
interest in establishing a strong Sea Grant presence in their region. Sea Grant and
NOAA officials met with representatives from the Pacific region in Los Angeles in
October 2004. In FY 2004 the University of Guam received their first grant of $100K
to build capacity in the area of marine and coastal resources. The grant will fund a Sea
Grant project leader who will work with the people of Guam and the wider Western
Pacific region to build capacity and strengthen the ability of the people of Guam to
address critical issues that affect the marine and coastal environment.
Other Sea Grant collaborations in Asia: China has expressed interest in developing
a Sea Grant-like program in their country to help address a broad range of coastal and
marine resource issues. In July 2004 the Administrators of the State Oceanic
Administration (SOA) of China and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration agreed for China to send a senior-level delegation to the United States
in 2005 to meet with Sea Grant leadership in Washington, D.C., as well as with several
of the State Sea Grant programs around the country to collect and discuss the process,
function and application of this unique program. Hawaii Sea Grant at the University
of Hawaii and Tokyo Fisheries University in Japan signed an agreement to collaborate
on several Sea Grant related topics, including fisheries research and ecosystem-based
approaches to fisheries management.
activities
NOAA plans to co-host a regional workshop with its Indonesian counterparts, the
Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries, CCOP and interested member countries in late
2005. Other future activities include continued information exchange on Sea Grant model,
discussions on additional collaborations with Sea Grant in the region, and cooperation on
gaining support from potential funding organizations.

337

15-18 November 2004
Tsukuba, Japan

of
PETRAD
Submitted by
Oystein Berg
PETRAD

339

ANNUAL COOPERATING ORGANIZATION REPORT

Organization:
PETRAD
Period:
1 July 2003 30 June 2004
1. Summary
Petrad - International Programme for Petroleum Management and Administration is a
Norwegian Government Foundation established by Norad - Norwegian International Agency
for Development Cooperation and the Norwegian Petroleum Directorate in 1989 to
coordinate and facilitate sharing of knowledge and experience within the Petroleum Sector.
This is done through tailor-made courses, seminars and projects in cooperation with
Government Institutions and National Oil Companies in developing and industrializing
countries. A total of 9282 managers and experts from 89 countries have participated in the
Petrad programs so far. Experts and lecturers for the various activities come mainly from the
Norwegian Petroleum Authorities, Norwegian and International Petroleum Industry,
Universities and R&D Institutions. However, a large number of international lecturers have
also made their contributions.
Petrad Management has cooperated with CCOP since 1984. From 1984 to 1989 the
cooperation was coordinated through NECOR. Petrad has conducted a total of 137 courses
and seminars together with CCOP Member Countries with a total of 4952 participants.
According to statistics presented by CCOP T/S in 2002, the Petrad activities account for
76,3% of participants in all CCOP geo-resources sector programs and 67,4% of participants
in all CCOP long and short-term projects and training activities since 1985. Petrad is thus by
far the largest contributor to CCOP activities in terms of participation.
Petrad has in addition had 145 participants from the region attending the 8-week
courses held in Stavanger, Norway, every year since 1991. Most of these participants have
received scholarships worth approximately USD 17.000 each. These scholarships have been
made available through Norad and the Norwegian Ministry of Oil and Energy.
Petrad also arranged EPF/94 - Exploration Promotion Forum in conjunction with the
World Petroleum Congress in Stavanger, Norway, in June 1994. This was a great success.
Petrad sponsored on this occasion 26 experts from 6 CCOP Members and CCOP T/S. Petrad
also assisted CCOP with the arrangement of another EPF in August 2002 in conjunction with
ONS Offshore Northern Seas Exhibition and Conference. The Official CCOP Delegation
consisted of 25 persons. In addition there were another 25 representatives from CCOP
Members who participated in the ONS-EPF.
Petrad has in all the years since the cooperation with CCOP started had large number
of requests for tailor-made courses and seminars. In the period until 1997 Petrad was able to
fulfill many of the requests from the CCOP Members with funds allocated for East and
Southeast Asia by the Norwegian Ministry of Oil and Energy and Norad. However, since
341
1997, the funding of Petrad seminars in the region has been considerably reduced. CCOP has
instead prioritized cooperation with the Norwegian Petroleum Directorate on the PPM project
in recent years.
Petrad has however with very limited financial support from the Norwegian
Government (Ministry of Oil and Energy Funding) tried its best to keep up the cooperation
with CCOP T/S and its Members. This has been possible because many of the speakers used
by Petrad who come from Norwegian Petroleum Authorities and Petroleum Industry, have
been willing to assist on courses and seminars without any charge for time and have in very
many cases also covered their own cost for travel and accommodation.
Petrad has been able to arrange a total of 12 seminars together with CCOP T/S in the
period October 2003 - November 2004 with a total of 409 participants. In addition a TNA
Training Needs Assessment has been conducted in Cambodia.
All logistics and practical administration for the Petrad seminars in East and Southeast
Asia is done by CCOP T/S with only a few exceptions. Petrad pays a fee for these services
according to hours worked plus cost of overheads, travel and accommodation.
2. Petrad activities in the period October 2003 November 2004
The following activities have been arranged in cooperation with CCOP in the last
year:
Seminars
Gas Governance Infrastructure, Bangkok, Thailand, 11- 12, December, 2003

Gas Governance Infrastructure, Manila, Philippines, 15-17 December, 2003
Business Risk in the Petroleum Sector, Singapore, 12-13 January, 2004
Reservoir Management and Technology, Kunming, China, 12-16 January
Gas Governance Infrastructure, Hanoi, Vietnam, 16 17 February
Gas Governance Infrastructure, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 19 20 February
Gas Governance,Infrastructure, Infrastructure Singapore, 23 24 February
Operations and Maintenance Management (CNOOC), Tanggu, China, 6 - 9 March
HSE Management (CNOOC), Tanggu, China, 26-30 July
Geochemical Exploration, Huangshan, China, 9-13 August
Roundtable on Sustainable Petroleum Development, Hanoi, Vietnam, 2 November
Technology advances in offshore petroleum exploration and development, Ho Chi
Minh City, Vietnam, 4-5 November
Training Needs Assessment
TNA - Training Needs Assessment, Cambodia, June/November 2004
To be arranged:
Enterprise Risk Management, Bangkok, Thailand, 22-23 November, 2004

Deep Water Technology, Sanya, China, 12-15 January, 2005
SINOPEC - 3 month course on HSE, April July, 2005

342
8-week courses
Participants from the following countries in East and Southeast Asia have participated in
Petrad's 8-week courses (23 August - 14 October, 2004) in Stavanger, Norway:
'Petroleum Policy and Management': China (3), Indonesia (1), Thailand (1).
'Management of Petroleum Development and Operations': Cambodia (1), Indonesia
(1), Papua New Guinea (1), Philippines (1), Thailand (1)
All of them have received scholarships worth about USD 17.000 each which have been
provided either by Norad or by the Norwegian Ministry of Oil and Energy.
activities
Petrad together with Norwegian Petroleum Companies and Institutions will try to
initiate the AGWA - Active Management of Ground Water Aquifers program with the
CCOP Members in 2005. The program focuses on the application of management systems
and technology used in the petroleum industry for improved extraction of ground water
resources.
The Members of CCOP have historically requested a large number of Petrad courses
and seminars. It is hoped that the interest will continue.
The Members of CCOP are therefore requested to propose new topics for courses and
seminars as well as their needs for TNA Training Needs Assessments.
Countries.
All reports from previous Petrad seminars in East and Southeast Asia are available
through the CCOP T/S.
5. Others
Petrad is most grateful for the excellent cooperation with CCOP since 1984 and hope
that this cooperation can continue in the future.

343
ANNEX VIII
15-18 November 2004
Tsukuba, Japan
REPORT OF THE
ADVISORY GROUP MEETING

345
CCOP Advisory Group

Summary of Meeting and Recommendations
Role of advisors
CCOP progress and workload
CCOP Member Country seminars
CCOP budget
CCOP Secretariat training
CCOP Member country requests
Annual Meeting dynamics
CCOP Member Country presentations
Brainstorming
Year of Planet Earth
Role of Advisors
The role of Advisors to CCOP was reviewed, emphasizing that CCOP is the Member
Countrys organization and the Advisors are honored to serve by providing suggestions for
future continuous improvement, as requested by the Steering Committee and the Secretariat.
It was noted that the Advisors put forward suggestions and recommendations in good faith,
with the best available information, but that also they may lack important local contexts and
knowledge of local constraints within Member countries, or within CCOP as a whole. Thus
recommendations may be of variable usefulness to the organization and countries. It was
emphasized that the Steering Committee has absolute authority for all decisions pertaining to
CCOP and the Advisory Group is indeed simply has no executive authority. Indeed it was
clearly recognized by all members of the Advisory Group that they serve at the pleasure of
the Steering Committee.
CCOP - Progress and Workload
The advisors wished to recognize the very substantial progress achieved by CCOP
during the past year. Indeed CCOP has all the attributes of a very dynamic organization. It
particular it was noted that there are many new initiatives, seminars and workshops. This has
resulted in a very heavy workload for the staff of the Secretariat with about an average of two
seminars to be organized each month, as well as the preparation of major events such as the
annual meeting. The advisors wished to commend the staff for their hard work and success in
dealing with a substantially increased program of activities but without an increase in staff
capability. However the advisors also noted that while increased number of small projects
expands the impact of CCOP to broader constituencies the question of balance between small
and large projects should be evaluated. Also the capability of the CCOP to sustain such a
heavy workload in the longer term may be a concern.
CCOP Member Country Seminars
The advisors commended the Member Countries for their contributions to CCOP
seminars and workshops within the CCOP region. This development demonstrates increased
individual Member Country capacity and moreover a willingness to share knowledge and
experience, as well as resources. Also intra regional cooperation within CCOP also shows
clearly that there are shared goals and objectives as well as a willingness to share best
347
practices. These are signs of real regional cooperation, and the advisors considered this to be
a demonstration of the maturity of the CCOP organization.
CCOP Budget
The advisors wished to congratulate the CCOP Director for excellent progress in
managing the CCOP budget in the past year and also in recent years. There is evidence of
careful management of resources and attention to detail. The Director has been successful in
collection of back membership dues and also for some revenue from project management
fees. This latter development is considered by the advisors to an increasingly important part
of the budget and encourages the Director to seek management fees wherever possible. It
was also apparent that the Director and his staff have been successful in rebuilding reserves
that had been seriously depleted in past years. At the same time the advisors raise the
question about what is the appropriate level of reserves, justification and rationale.
CCOP Secretariat Training
The Directors report mentioned staff training and personnel development and the
advisors strongly supported this activity noting that such training is an essential component of a
vital organization. The advisors urged the development of a forma training plan, with defined
multi-year objectives and appropriate training identified for each staff person. The plan should
be properly costed and budgeted over several years. While the Director plans to allocate $2000
for the coming year advisors suggested that this may not be sufficient for a full training program.
The advisors emphasized that such a training plan is an essential investment in the future of
CCOP.
Member Country Needs and Requests
Identification of Member Country needs and requests is very important for future
activities and funding, both locally in Member Countries and for CCOP as a whole. The
requests should carefully and comprehensively reflect the priorities of each country, and for
CCOP in general.
The advisors considered that some improvements in the preparation of the CCOP formal
document. For example it was suggested that the needs request for each country should be
prepared by a team of sector experts one for each of the energy, environment and information
sectors to ensure that the country report be complete, consistent and comprehensive. Further the
advisors recommended that the Secretariat should ensure synthesis of all the requests again to
ensure consistency and completeness. In addition was suggested that this report is so important
that the Steering Committee should also conduct a review. An additional improvement would
be the establishment of strong linkages between the anticipated needs to the appropriate
representatives in all the cooperating countries and organizations. In general therefore it was
suggested that more effort be placed on the preparation of this document based upon improved
communication at all levels, and coordinated by the Secretariat. It was emphasized that the
document describing CCOP and country needs is very important, because of its links to funding
opportunities. The report must be comprehensive, internally consistent and updated at least
annually.

348
CCOP - Annual Meeting dynamics

The new, shorter annual meeting format and schedule of events aims at more effective
use of time and resources. However the advisors suggested that a detailed review and
evaluation be carried out following the Tsukuba meeting. It may be that the schedule is too
compressed and does not fully serve all the important range of functions and objectives of the
meeting. The Steering Committee should consider whether the new format was successful
with a view to continuous improvement.
In addition attention should be given to the effectiveness of the traditional meeting
room geometry in which there large distances exist between delegates. The advisors pointed
out that there are various other possible arrangements that may better facilitate dialog and
discussion, and indeed that some management theory books address this subject that could be
consulted. Meeting room geometry and dynamics can enhance or detract from the success of
a meeting and the very formal alignments of Member Country and Cooperating Countries
with a large gap between them may not be the best format.
CCOP Member Country reports
The advisors commented very favorably about the quality and comprehensiveness of
the written Member Country reports published as part of the Annual Meeting documents.
The Member Countries are clearly following the guidelines established by the Steering
Committee. The written reports contain very large amounts of very useful information.
However, the advisors suggested that further consideration be given to guidelines for
the verbal reports, especially given the reduced presentation time of fifteen minutes. Some
Member Country verbal reports attempted to compress the entire written report into this short
time a virtually impossible task. The advisors suggest that verbal reports might focus on
specific achievements, successful or unsuccessful practice, or some very particular
technology that would be of interest to the other Member Countries. The advisors suggested
that this matter be discussed further by the Steering Committee.
Brainstorming
The advisors revisited the central question identified at the last annual meeting that
prompted the Brainstorming meeting in Bangkok in February
How should CCOP build on existing strengths and evolve its objectives and
activities taking advantage of new contexts and opportunities?
It was pointed out that the question has several parts. How to build on existing
strengths recognizes that CCOP is inherently a strong organization. Evolve its objectives
recognizes that the CCOP must continue to evolve and change. Taking advantage of new
contexts and opportunities recognizes that there are changes that are taking place outside
CCOPs direct control and that there are opportunities to be seized in the changing
circumstances.
Once again the advisors emphasized that their role was to be helpful in addressing
these questions, following the request to do so from the Steering Committee, and to provide
their perspectives on changing contexts, opportunities, and some practical suggestions based
upon the combined knowledge and experience of the advisors. The Advisory Group
349
considered this to be a special task and service to CCOP beyond the normal advisory role. As
such 8 advisors made special efforts to travel to Bangkok at their own expense, and to give
serious attention to these important questions.
The advisors who engaged this task produced a total of 57 suggestions and
recommendations for consideration by the Steering Committee. The advisors freely admit
there some of these suggestions may be helpful some may not so helpful, and some may
even be impractical. Member Countries may have different views based upon regional and
local considerations, and constraints. The advisors were gratified by the views expressed
subsequently by the Member Countries and welcomed the very comprehensive and
thoughtful responses.
The advisors also expressed appreciation for the work of the Secretariat in compiling
the responses, agreements and concerns in a most comprehensive manner. The advisors were
appreciative of the more than 75% approval of the recommendations by the Member
Countries and look forward to further discussions with Member Country Representatives to
provide clarification, and to take account of objections raised to some of the suggestions.
Finally, it was pointed out that the advisors had not prioritized their recommendations,
believing that this was exclusively a matter for the Steering Committee and the Secretariat.
Year of Planet Earth
It was noted from Dr Reedmans earlier presentation that plans for the project had
advanced substantially and that details are becoming available. Dr Reedman has agreed to
disseminate further information as it becomes available to CCOP Member Countries through
the Secretariat. This will facilitate the Steering Committee in its decision about the role that
CCOP play in the project, while at the same time Member Countries may elect to participate
individually. The Year of Planet Earth offers considerable opportunities to showcase CCOPs
role in geosciences in East and Southeast Asia.

350
ANNEX IX
15-18 November 2004
Tsukuba, Japan
ASSISTANCE REQUESTED
BY CCOP MEMBER COUNTRIES
as of 15 November 2004

351
CAMBODIA
Geo-Resources Sector:
Proposed future activities and assistance required from CCOP T/S are as follows:
Mineral
With the encouraging result obtained from the last year work, a new sheet of geological
map at a scale of 1:100,000 in the West of Phnom Penh is planned to be compiled in
early next year. Nevertheless the output of the last years work is still poor due to the
limited capacity of the map makers. We appreciate the assistance of CCOP and
member countries in providing such trainings on cartography to our geologists to
improve the quality of their work.
Energy
CCOP plays an important role in developing Cambodias human resources in the petroleum
industry. Every year, Cambodia has taken part in many CCOP-NPD-NORAD-PETRAD
projects. Cambodia proposed the following for assistance from CCOP:
Continuation of Petroleum Policy Management (PPM) Project and full-cycle analysis

of economics in plays or prospects of Khmer basin.
PETRAD Seminar on Gas Pipeline, Terminal Processing and Combine Cycle Gas
Turbine (CCGT) and Economic Capacity could be commercial.
PETRAD Seminar on Production Facilities Cost and Facilities Design.
New Project Proposal on 2D Seismic in Tonle Sap Basin.
New Project Proposal on Geological Survey in Kampong Som Basin.
New Project Proposal on Hydro-Electricity: Geo-Technical Field Investigation and/or
Technical Feasibility Study in K9oh Kong Area, Cambodia, for small and large scales
projects.
Human Resources Development and Technical Assistance from National and
International Communities, especially from CCOP, Norway, and Denmark, and other
countries/organizations, to provide more training and education on Oil-Gas, Hydro,
Coal, etc. to Cambodians for them to be more efficient and capable in administrating
and managing energy industry affairs on their own in the future.
Groundwater
A proposal on the Study of Hydrogeology Conditions in Phnom Penh Area was
resubmitted to CCOP Technical Secretariat for consideration and seeking donors to
financially support the project.
Geo-Environment Sector:
Coastal Zone
The Programme on Mitigation of Health Risks and Environmental Impacts from Gold
Mining, is planned to be carried out early next year. The GDMR has limited capacity
to conduct the programme with full efficiency, so a training to improve the national
capacity in gold mining management is required. GDMR highly appreciates the role
and the assistance of CCOP in providing such trainings.

353
Geohazards
Cambodia got a lot of knowledge in the study of the landslide through CCOPs
landslide project, but the experience is still limited and Cambodian needs further
support form both CCOP and KIGAM in the training of the staffs.
Project Proposal on Study of Hydrogeology Conditions in Phnom Penh Area.
The core of the study project is the definition of proper use of land and other geological
resources (groundwater) for various purposes with regard to socio-economic and
cultural environment.
Immediate Objective:a) This project is to meet the urgent need for environmental geology data/information
of the Department of Geology and concerned institutions (governmental and nongovernmental) in land use and spatial planning as well as development purpose in
the project areas;
b) To meet the urgent need for hydrogeology data/information on quantity and quality
with emphasis on Arsenic contamination for urban and rural water supply;
c) To assist the Department of Geology and Environmental Geology investigation on
related activities;
d) To improve staffs capacity and capability and provide work-based practical
skill/experience to the Department staff;
e) To transfer knowledge, techniques and know-how to local staff so as to enable them
to handle their own problems;
f) To start creating public awareness on the importance of urban geology for urban
planning and development for stakeholders and planners at local and municipal
levels.
Long-Term Objective:In addition to short-term objective, the following could be thought as Long-Term
Objective:a) To continue to improve capacity and skill of the Department Staff;
b) To continue to build up efficient institutional framework that will be able to deal
with environmental geology issues;
c) To continue to raise public awareness on the importance of geo-informatic system
in the process of decision making and development at local, municipal (provincial),
regional and national levels;
d) To establish groundwater monitoring system within the study area;
e) To conduct groundwater resource management in sustainable manner;
f) To take the best knowledge of lessons learnt to apply in new areas for future
involvement.
Project on Evaluation of Mechanism Sustaining the Biodiversity in the Lake Tonle

Sap, further survey in the Southern parts of the Lake will be carried out in November
2004.
The Joint cooperation research project between GDMR and Tokyo University of Japan
on the study of natural environment change and the Holocene formation of lowlands in
Cambodia will also be planned to start in December this year.

354
Geo-Information Sector:
GDMR will record all books available in the GDMRs office by using bibliographic
database application after its library is established. GDMRs web pages developed last
year will be updated, such as procedures for applying for registration and for mineral
licenses, model of mineral investment agreement, and new mining companies.
CHINA
Mineral
- None -
Energy
Request the support from CCOP and Royal Danish Government for Project on Capacity
Building-Phase I.
Groundwater
Technical support in groundwater investigation and assessment, 3-D geological and
groundwater flow visualization, large-scale groundwater modeling will be very helpful.
Coastal Zone
- None -
Geohazards
- None -
- None -
With the development of Geo-databases construction and application, data dissemination and
training of digital field mapping techniques become more important for the government and
the public. It will be helpful for China and other member countries if CCOP can make
arrangement as follows: Comparison study on geo-data dissemination policy among CCOP member countries.
Training Courses on Database Maintenance and System Management, especially on
Data Integration Techniques of multiple discipline data and multiple data formats.
INDONESIA
Mineral
- None -
Energy
- Request the support from CCOP and Royal Danish Government for Project on Capacity
Building-Phase I.
355
Groundwater
The activities in the future should be stressed on the monitoring of groundwater condition in
the big cities outside of Java Island. While the intensity of conservation in Java should be
increased by developing artificial groundwater recharge in order to restore groundwater
condition in the big cities. For this reason several injection wells or infiltration wells should be
constructed in the future and located in the critical zone.
The technical assistance from CCOP is required to provide guidance in justifying the
classification of groundwater damage due to the intensive extraction since there is no
international standard of groundwater or aquifer condition.
Coastal Zone
- None -
Geohazards
Proposed future activities and assistance required from CCOP in support of future activities are
follows: The future volcano hazard mitigation programs of DVGHM will be focused on
increasing the cooperation of research and investigation in monitoring volcano activity
with Kyoto University, Disaster Prevention Research Institute (cq Sakurajima volcano
observatory & Kyoto University) on Guntur,Semeru and Bromo.
The earthquake and tsunami mitigation programs will be focused on research and
investigation of earthquake and tsunami hazard mapping, ground acceleration
calculation for strategic and vital location and potentially destructive earthquake areas
in Indonesia. Proposed location for this project is Bengkulu (Southwest Sumatera),
Sukabumi (West java), Palu (Central Sulawesi), Bali, Banyuwangi (East Java), Flores
and Papua. The project needs cooperation with research institutions from CCOP
members.
The future landslide mitigation programs need cooperation with research institutions of
CCOP members. The project proposed is to conduct landslide research on vital and
strategic area. The proposed projects sites are in Megamendung (Bogor Regency),
Muara Aman (Bengkulu Province) and Gunung Pati (Semarang City).
The instrumentation and processing software assistance for the earthquake, tsunami and
landslide, as the important tools in geological hazard mitigation, need to be completed.
The DVGHM will also intent to increase advance knowledge for the staffs, concerning
volcano and geological hazard mitigations through training and study abroad.
Related with the CCOP activities or programs in Indonesia, there are several points that are
expected in the near future and assistance may be required from CCOP in support of the
activities.
Investigation and development of good methods and strategy for minimizing
environmental geological impacts from a development activity through holding
DGMAE seminar or workshop on environment, development, and on human resources
development program.
The application of environmental geological data, especially on geological hazards for
landuse planning must be pushed up. So, Indonesia can carry out preventive actions
from natural and man made geological disaster at the beginning of the area
development, as part of sustainable development program. Partnerships are expected to
work together with Indonesian geologist in doing all of these.
356
Cooperation between Indonesia and developed countries in environment and

development, especially on the application of environmental geological and geological
hazard data on urban and rural planning, and on a lost prosperity calculation, are
expected to continue as they are worthwhile for Indonesia.
The activities related to data and information management includes carrying out
remapping of the Kalumantan and Nusatenggara geology, finish gravity mapping at the
scale 1:25000 of East Indonesian Region, except Papua, geochemical and hydrogeological mapping, and development of database. Geological Research and
Development Centre collected old data related to geological investigation, which are
mostly in the Netherlands language. These data need to be conserved and translated.
The work of geological re-mapping by using remote sensing data, development of
database and translation of old data need strong funding back up. Probably CCOP
could give assistance.
JAPAN
Mineral
- None -
Energy
- None -
Groundwater
- None -
Coastal Zone
- None -
Geohazards
- None -
- None -
CCOP metadata project should be considered as one of the priority projects in the
CCOP region. The metadata of various geoscientific maps and databases accumulated
in each member country will provide a useful guide of solving some common
geological problems in the region. Common specifications for the metadata will bring
about an easiness for their utilization. GSJ/AIST recommends continuing discussions
on the CCOP metadata and the network servers after the Tsukuba meeting, 2004. We
would like to assist and support CCOP on this matter.
The standardization for geological maps is the subsequent object target in the region.
We believe that the geological standard series initiated by JIS A0204: Geological map
symbols, colors, patterns, terms, and presentation of legend are accepted more globally
than ISO 710, because of the electronic fitting forms to meet digital processes. GSJ
plans to distribute the English version soon to the region for more discussions and
progress.
357
KOREA
Mineral
Overseas Mineral Exploration Activity: Indonesia and Mongolia exploration projects
have been scheduled for continued survey.
Technical Cooperation Activity: The collaboration project between KIGAM and
National Geologic and Mining Service of Chile (SERNAGEOMIN) is planning for the
close technical cooperation related to mineral resources.
Construction of Integrated DB System of Mineral Resources in CCOP countries:
Construction of integrated DB system of mineral resources and mineral resources
mapping is needed for CCOP countries in East and Northeast Asia. KIGAM requests
more detailed discussion for this future project.
Energy
Starting 2005, new 10 year national program of gas hydrate development will be
launched which consists three phase plans.
Groundwater
Continuing projects/programs:
Researches and investigations on groundwater
programs are continuously funded from the government, and the total funding/budget in
groundwater resources programs is now increasing every year.
A new program to build a planning/strategy project for the future, entitled Geologic
Unit Technology transfer to the South-East Asian Countries: the Strategy and the
Future, is divided into two parts: one is for focusing technology transfer to the
developing countries and the other for give-and-take method with new era of 25 EU
countries. The second is focused on a partner within European Commission
Framework Program 6 and/or 7.
Coastal Zone
Korea has numerous tidal flats in the West Sea (the Yellow Sea), an international
cooperative research has been proposed for 2005 under cooperation with China which
has a similar geological setting in the sea area. In order to compare not only features
between tide-dominated coasts but also those between tide-dominated and tidesubordinate coasts. Other CCOP member countries are recommended to join in this
programme.
Geohazards
Landslide research team of KIGAM plans to conduct quantitative risk assessment
(QRA) of landslide based on the calculation method for fan-out distance. The QRA
will make it possible to decide the order of priority to take action against a high-risk
landslide. KIGAM will also make a standard to propose an appropriate countermeasure
to high-risk landslide for the future researches. Apart from the above research plan,
KIGAM set another plan to construct a national landslide information center to control
landslide hazards including natural terrain and manmade slope in a couple of years.
358
Quaternary research will concentrate on development of functions of erosion factors

and soil loss and monitoring of catastrophic phenomena for reducing sedimentation
disaster, including sediment transportation in mountain stream.
The seawater intrusion research includes the optimal design of injection well for
desalinization by numerical modeling, the estimation of hydraulic properties of aquifer
from in-situ physical properties, and the application of filed technology for
desalinization.
- None -
A nationwide geochemical baseline mapping remains only the Jeju Island province
uncovered, ca.5% of the country. A great number of compiled geochemical data and
field information should be constructed as an available form of database related to GIS
data. The on-going project will deal with the establishment of nationwide geochemical
baseline; and the construction of database including mining sites information.
MALAYSIA
Mineral
Continue with data collection through geochemical and offshore surveys.
Evaluation of industrial mineral resources and R&D work on such resources to be
continued.
Assistance requested for will be in:a) integration of geochemical, geophysical, geological data;
b) capability building in R&D with specific reference to industrial minerals.
Energy
Capacity Building in the Petroleum Sector.
Technical training requirement by Malaysia:
a) Basin Analyses and Prospect Generation;
b) Reservoir Characterization;
c) Small Field Development and Production Economics;
d) Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR).
Groundwater
Continue with the development of groundwater resources in various parts of the
country. Work will be concentrated in the management of groundwater resources in
small islands offshore Terengganu and Johor.
Modeling work and delineation of wellhead protection areas (WHPA) will be carried
out in selected areas. Delineation of WHPA using model is proposed for Tioman
Island, Pahang.

359
Coastal Zone
- None -
Geohazards
Geological terrain mapping will continue to be conducted in the various states in 2005
with special attention to be given to islands which have potential for development into
tourist resorts.
A database on landslides, rockfalls and dangerous cut slopes in the Kuala Lumpur area
and in Penang will be developed.
KIGAM is conducting a pilot project in the Cameron Highlands using remote sensing
techniques to map out landslide prone areas. The project could perhaps be extended to
other mountainous areas such as Frasers Hill and Bt. Tinggi in Penang.
Preparation of guidelines on investigation of contaminated land and hands-on training
related to contaminated land investigation.
Compilation of geological heritage sites in CCOP member countries could be initiated.
Department is embarking on upgrading and integrating its databases which until now
are stand-alones in various platforms, beginning with hydrogeology and industrial
minerals databases. It will move on to the other databases by phases followed by the
development of applications.
In this respect, the Department welcomes technical assistance in the following areas:a) Expert advice on formulating the structure of the proposed databases;
b) Expert advice on developing applications;
c) On-the-job-training on various aspects of database development and management.
PAPUA NEW GUINEA

- None -
Geo-Environment Sector: - None Geo-Information Sector:
- None -
PHILIPPINES
Mineral
Follow-up studies are proposed for the Aksitero Formation in Tarlac for Bentonite and
Zeolite, Northern Palawan for REE and Northern Panay for high-Ca limestone. A
recommendation to the DENR for the declaration of the North Davao as a copper and
gold mineral reservation should be prepared.

360
Under the RP-Korea Project, pending results of the most recent field survey in Surigao
del Norte, decision will be made on whether a follow-up survey in the area is warranted
or project activities will shift to another area.
Energy
Capacity-Building Project: Enhancement of Cooperation and Sharing of Geoscientific
Knowledge for the Sustainable Development of the Petroleum Resources in the CCOP
Region (Phase-I).
This project aims to achieve a regional understanding of the
petroleum potential of selected share basins in the region including the Sulu Sea
basin of the Philippines shared with the NE Sabah basin of Malaysia. The DOE
commits to provide manpower resources and declassified information on the basin in
support of the project, and would like to request the CCOP Technical Secretariat to
facilitate the immediate implementation of the above-proposed activity, as this project
will, in a large measure, complement the on-going petroleum-related activities of the
DOE.
Groundwater
The MGB will embark on an intensive water resource and vulnerability program
covering major urban and rural growth areas in the country, foremost of which are
areas that are being depleted and are currently experiencing groundwater contamination.
The Groundwater Resource Program will be focused on 800 identified LGU areas with
problems on finding viable water resources and on deteriorating water quality. The
program likewise includes another 310 LGUs currently experiencing acute water
problems.
In support of the Clean Water Act of 2004, the MGB, in coordination with other
government agencies, will undertake a groundwater vulnerability-mapping program (at
1:250,000 scale) in the entire country. Initially, the mapping program will target highly
populated urban areas, i.e., Cebu City, Davao City, Dagupan City, Legazpi City. This
major activity is expected to be implemented in 2005 and as a preparation, the MGB is
currently undertaking research on the methodologies and approaches to conduct
groundwater vulnerability mapping and monitoring, subject to the Implementing Rules
and Regulations of the Clean Water Act of 2004.
The CCOP proposal on Groundwater Management Program will considerably
contribute to the groundwater resource and vulnerability program of the Philippines,
and therefore, this country requests the CCOP to initiate the project.
Coastal Zone
A monitoring program for documenting shoreline changes along the west coast of
Luzon Island including coastal areas along Lingayen Gulf extending north to Ilocos
Norte is proposed using both quantitative and qualitative approaches. The quantitative
approach includes the use of conventional ground survey methods. Qualitative
approach comprises simple and immediate visual assessments of shore morphology,
supplemented by analysis of photographs and videos.
The program is divided into two phases. Phase 1 will comprise baseline profiling
activities to determine historical changes in coastal profiles and margins, and the
setting-up of benchmarks and transect lines for future regular monitoring. Under Phase
2, benchmarks and transects established during Phase 1 activity will be reoccupied and
re-surveyed at least once annually. Long-term annual rate of changes will be
determined and event-specific changes will be differentiated.
361
The monitoring program will require sustained and continuous monitoring for a period
of seven years (two years for Phase 1 and 5 years for Phase 2).
Geohazards
Collaborative project for the study of Flood and Flashflood modeling and analysis to be
implemented for the geohazard mapping assessment.
Assistance for the acquisition and training on the analysis, processing and interpretation
of satellite images for geohazard assessment.
In line with the flagship program of the National Government, MGB will provide the
LGUs technical assistance in finding suitable and environmentally safe sites for solid
waste disposal. The major program will cover 300 urban and rural areas which are
presently experiencing problems in finding suitable solid waste disposal sites, and 200
other areas that are experiencing critical problems on solid waste disposal.
Assistance for software acquisition to be used in the enhancement stage of webpage for
online searching of GEOBIBS.
Training for geo-information management for both software/hardware maintenance
within the Central and Regional offices of the MGB.
The MGB, with its vision to provide information and services to the mining public is
proposing to embark on an Integrated Strategic Mining Information System Project
(ISMIS). The plan is to adopt policies and industry practices on the use of information
technology in the mining sector. Forging partnerships with the industry, nongovernmental organizations, the academia and other government agencies will be
pursued to develop and manage the required computer and communication
infrastructure. A major component system development and maintenance for ISMIS
will include the technical information systems covering geological information and
services, mineral right management and mining economics and industry information
among several others.
THAILAND
Mineral
- None -
Energy
Seminar/Workshop on Marginal field development. To understand various factors
constituting marginal fields, it will be useful to have the same guidance to understand
marginal fields and the way to promote to be economical fields.
Seminar/Workshop on Petroleum reserve audit. To exchange the experiences of the
governing bodies among CCOP Member Countries in their petroleum reserves audit.
Seminar/Workshop on offshore petroleum platform decommissioning. To learn how to
minimize the effects of decommissioning platform activities.
Seminar/Workshop on Petroleum field unitized development. To learn the technique
how to manage and operate the petroleum resources, shared reservoirs and/or facilities.
362
Seminar/Workshop on Thin sand reservoir development. To gain new techniques that

can be applied to multi-layered thin sand reservoirs.
Groundwater
Find the best methods to assess the groundwater potential for groundwater management.
Give the guidance to study and research in groundwater resources conservation and
restoration.
Coastal Zone
In 2005, DMR will conduct a project on studying the causes of coastal erosion and
mitigation plan at the coastal area of Nakorn Sri Thammarat Songkhla province. This
project is expecting to provide the mitigation action plans for coastal erosion risk areas
with the view of local people and the database system of coastal change data for future
coastal management of the country.
The consultant experts from cooperating countries of CCOP are required to assist in
comprehensive strategy and management of the coastal zone, numerical model for
coastal erosion prediction and coastal engineering.
Geohazards
In 2005, DMR plans to set up warning networks for landslide in 5 provinces. The
consultant experts from cooperating countries of CCOP are requested to discuss the
contents of comprehensive strategy and management of landslide.
- None -
Migration of XML metadata document to suitable web-database platform. The SQL
database platform is selected whilst the ASP and ColdFusion are development tools to
construct web-based application for multi-tread accessibility. The data owners can
access, insert, update and delete the metadata by themselves.
Metadata search engine and Web Map Service (WMS). Search engine on the XML
document is, now, not common for use. Whenever the migration of the XML metadata
document to the SQL is successful, the search engine can operate completely. The
Minnesota Map Server (MMS), an open source application, is introduced to provide
map information as public utilities.
Establishment of multilingual national website. Promoting collaboration, sharing and
exchange data, and propagating activities are contributed to all users both the domestic
and international.
Establishment of Metadata Policy Champion. Principal of the BGS Metadata Policy
Champion will be studied and implemented for an effectively sustainable metadata
management.
Assistance Required from CCOP
A general guidance on the CCOP Metadata components. These components should be
agreed with the ISO 19115 standard. Application based on these is also a fast track to
encourage member countries to publish their metadata.

363
Special training/workshop on the open source application, particularly the Minnesota

Map Server or other Web Map Service. Specialists in WMS applications are urgently
required to conduct interactive map service. The commercial software is more powerful
but it needs more budgets to implement.
Special training/workshop and consulting on the metadata management. The
experienced BGS-KaR staffs are requested in order to practice in real situations.
VIETNAM
Mineral
Continue carrying out geological surveys and mineral assessment in the onshore and
offshore at various scales
Assistance required from CCOP to finding technical and financial support for 2
projects:
a) Capacity building in geological survey and mineral assessment of the Department
of Geology and Minerals of Vietnam, especially the capacity in mineral research
and prognostication;
b) Upgrading the geological laboratories of the Department of Geology and Minerals
of Vietnam, especially in isotope analysis for geological and mineral investigation.
Energy
Assistance required from CCOP to implement the following projects:
a) Petroleum Policy Management (PPM) Project with CCOP Member Countries;
b) ENRECA Project with GEUS for next phase;
c) Phase 2 of the VITRA Project.
Request the support from CCOP and Royal Danish Government for Project on Capacity
Building in the Petroleum Sector, Phase I.
Groundwater
- None -
Coastal Zone
- None -
Geohazards
Assistance required from CCOP to find the sources of technical and financial support
for three projects:a) Geohazard investigation and survey in the Northwest region of Vietnam;
b) Study on Groundwater resources environment management in the Red River Delta
(being submitted to the Government of Vietnam requesting support of the
Government of Japan (JICA);
c) Establishing groundwater monitoring network for water resources and environment
study and management within Southeast Central Vietnam Coastal Plains.
(Submitted to the Ministry of Planning and Investment of Vietnam to apply for
ODA fund from DANIDA).

364
- None -
Project on Geological and Mineral Database Development under the IT program 112
of the Government: DGMV will take the lead in the implementation of this project after
its approval.
Digitizing data: Continue digitizing maps and reports.
SANGIS Program: Complete the conversion of the existing bibliography database of
Vietnam to the SANGIS system.
Continue the translation of the existing data from English into Vietnamese and vice
versa, continue cooperation with CIFEG for perfecting SANGIS.
Digital Geological Map Database: Complete the input to CCOP; study the digital
geological map standard of CCOP to apply in Vietnam.
CCOP is requested to organize training courses for the technical and IT staffs in the
fields of GIS, remote sensing, etc.
In the future, CCOP is requested to assist Vietnam in establishing a satellite image
database of the Vietnam territory and the adjacent regions to serve the investigations of
geological changes and geohazards.

365

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COORDINATING COMMITTEE FOR GEOSCIENCE

PROGRAMMES IN EAST AND SOUTHEAST ASIA

CCOP Technical Secretariat

24 Floor, Suite 244-245, Thai CC Tower

OPENING CEREMONY OF THE 41 ANNUAL SESSION

2. CCOP Progress Report

3. Member Countries Reports

4. Draft CCOP Workplan for 2005

5. Advisory Group Meeting

6. Cooperating Countries and Organizations Reports

6.1. Cooperating Countries Reports

6.2. Cooperating Organizations Reports

7. General Consultative Meeting

8. Date and Venue for the Next Annual Session

10. General Remarks from the Delegations

11. Adoption of the Report

ANNEX III : AGENDA

ANNEX IV : CCOP PROGRESS REPORT

: MEMBER COUNTRIES REPORTS

Country Report of CAMBODIA

Country Report of CHINA

Country Report of INDONESIA

Country Report of JAPAN

Country Report of THE REPUBLIC OF KOREA

Proceedings of the 41st CCOP Annual Session

CCOP Technical Secretariat

Country Report of MALAYSIA

Country Report of PAPUA NEW GUINEA

Country Report of THE PHILIPPINES

Country Report of THAILAND

Country Report of VIETNAM

: DRAFT CCOP WORKPLAN FOR 2005

: COOPERATING COUNTRIES AND

Country Report of BELGIUM

Country Report of CANADA

Country Report of DENMARK

Country Report of GERMANY

Country Report of THE NETHERLANDS

Country Report of NORWAY

Country Report of RUSSIAN FEDERATION

Country Report of SWEDEN

Country Report of UNITED KINGDOM

Country Report of UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Organization Report of ASCOPE

Organization Report of CIFEG

Organization Report of CPC

Organization Report of UN-ESCAP

Organization Report of GETECH

Organization Report of NOAA-Sea Grant

Organization Report of PETRAD

ANNEX VIII : REPORT OF THE ADVISORY GROUP

: ASSISTANCE REQUESTED BY CCOP

Proceedings of the 41st CCOP Annual Session

CCOP Technical Secretariat

PROCEEDINGS OF THE 41st CCOP ANNUAL SESSION

Proceedings of the 41st CCOP Annual Session

CCOP Technical Secretariat

OPENING CEREMONY OF THE 41st ANNUAL SESSION

2. CCOP PROGRESS REPORT

3. MEMBER COUNTRIES REPORTS

Proceedings of the 41st CCOP Annual Session

CCOP Technical Secretariat

Proceedings of the 41st CCOP Annual Session