Project in

mathematic
s
Submitted by:
Aljan Dada
Submitted to:
Mr.Jenifer Balisacan

LESSON 1:
PRODUCT
OF A
MONOMIAL

BY A
POLYNOMIAL
RULE:
IN MULTIPLYING A MONOMIAL BY A
POLYNOMIAL THE MULTIPLICATION
PROCESS CAN BE ILLUSTRATED
A(X+Y+Z)
=AX+AY+AZ
EXAMPLES 1:
Find (xy + y2)(2x + 9y).
Distribute (xy + y2) over (2x + 9y) to find

(xy + y2)(2x) + (xy + y2)(9y)

Distribute further to get
(xy)(2x) + (y2)(2x) + (xy)(9y) + (y2)(9y)
and then simplify for
2x2y + 2xy2 + 9xy2 + 9y3
which can be combined further to give us
2x2y + 11xy2 + 9y3.

EXAMPLE 2:
Find the product (4x2 + 10x)(2x + 3).
Let's FOIL it up.
The product of the first terms is
(4x2)(2x)=8x3
The product of the outer terms is
(4x2)(3)=12x2
The product of the inner terms is
(10x)(2x)=20x2
The product of the last terms is
(10x)(3)=30x
Adding the little products
8x3 + 12x2 + 20x2 + 30x

which simplifies to
8x3 + 32x2 + 30x.

Example 3:
Find the product (2xy - y)(3x2 + 7xy).
Using FOIL, we find
(2xy)(3x2) + (2xy)(7xy) + (-y)(3x2) + (-y)(7xy)
This simplifies to
6x3y + 14x2y2 - 3x2y - 7xy2

Lesson 2:

Product of
two
binomials
Say we want to find the product ( x 3)(2x + 1).
RULE:
Multiply the First terms in each bracket: x times
2x = 2x.
Multiply Outer terms: (x times +1) and Inner
terms (3 times 2x), then add = 5x.

 Multiply the Last terms in each bracket: 3 times

+1 = 3.
So, ( x 3) (2x + 1) = 2x 5x 3.

EXAMPLE1:
Example: can you work out which binomials to multiply to get

4x2 9

4x2 is (2x)2, and 9 is (3)2, so we have:

4x2 9 = (2x)2 (3)2

And that can be produced by the difference of squares formula:

(a+b)(ab) = a2 b2
Like this ("a" is 2x, and "b" is 3):

(2x+3)(2x3) = (2x)2 v (3)2 = 4x2 9

So the answer is that we can multiply (2x+3) and (2x3) to get 4x2 9

LESSON 3:

SQUARE OF
A BINOMIAL

Example 1.
Square the binomial (x + 6).
Solution.

(x + 6)2 = x2 + 12x + 36

x2 is the square of x.

12x is twice the product of x with 6.

(x 6 = 6x. Twice that is 12x.)
36 is the square of 6.
x2 + 12x + 36 is called a perfect square
trinomial. It is the square of a binomial.

EXAMPLE2:
Is this a perfect square trinomial: x2 +
14x + 49 ?
Answer. Yes. It is the square of (x + 7).
x2 is the square of x. 49 is the square of
7. And 14x is twice the product of x 7.
In other words, x2 + 14x + 49 could
be factored as
x2 + 14x + 49 = (x + 7)2
Note: If the coefficient of x had been
any number but 14, this would not have
been a perfect square trinomial.

LESSON 4:
PRODUCT OF SUM
AND DIFFERENCE
OF TWO THE
SAME TERMS

RULE:

TO FIND THE PRODUCT OF THE SUM AND

DIFFERENCEOF THE TWO TERMS.
1.MULTIPLYTHE FISST TERM;PLUS
2.MULTIPLY THE LAST TERM.
Example 1: (x 4)(x + 4)
You can use the shortcut to do these special distributions.
The second term will always be negative, and a perfect
square like the first term: (4)(+4) = 16.

Example 2: (ab 5)(ab + 5)

Try the same easy process multiplying the sum of two
terms with their difference with this slightly more
complicated, variable term.

The second term is negative, and a perfect square like the

first term: 5 = 25.

LESSON 5:

SQUARE OF A
TRINOMIAL

RULE:
1.SQUARE THE FIRST TERM;PLUS
2.SQUARE THE SECOND TERM;PLUS
3.SQUARE THE LAST TERM;PLUS
4.TWICE THE PRODUCT OF THE FIRSTAND LAST TERM
5.TWICE THE FIRST AND LAST TERM;PLUS
6.TWICE THE SECOND AND LAST TERM

EXAMPLES
.

Example 1.
Square the binomial (x + 6).

Solution.

(x + 6)2 = x2 + 12x + 36

x2 is the square of x.
12x is twice the product of x with 6. (x 6 = 6x.
Twice that is 12x.)
36 is the square of 6.
x2 + 12x + 36 is called a perfect square
trinomial. It is the square of a binomial.

Example 2.
Is this a perfect square trinomial: x2 +
14x + 49 ?
Answer. Yes. It is the square of (x + 7).
x2 is the square of x. 49 is the square of
7. And 14x is twice the product of x 7.

In other words, x2 + 14x + 49 could

be factored as
x2 + 14x + 49 = (x + 7)2
Note: If the coefficient of x had been
any number but 14, this would not have
been a perfect square trinomial.

Example 2. Square the binomial (3x 4).

Solution.

(3x 4)2 = 9x2 24x + 16

9x2 is the square of 3x.

24x is twice the product of 3x 4.
(3x 4 = 12x. Twice that is 24x.)
16 is the square of 4.

LESSON 6:
PRODUCT OF SPECIAL
CASEOF A BINOMIAL
AND A TRINOMIAL

The square of a binomial is always the sum of:

1.
2.
3.

The first term squared,

2 times the product of the first and second terms, and
the second term squared.

When a binomial is squared, the resulting trinomial is called a

perfect square trinomial.

Examples:
1.(x + 5)2
=x 2 + 10x + 25
2.(100 - 1)2
2

= 10000 - 200 + 1

3.(2x - 3y)2
= (2x)2 +2(2x)(- 3y) + (- 3y)2
= 4x 2 -12xy + 9y 2

4.(2x - y)(2x + y)
= (2x)2 - y 2
= 4x 2 - y 2

LESSON 7:

CUBEOF A
BINOMIAL

RULE:
1.CUBE THE FIRST TERM OF A BINOMIAL;PLUS
2.TRICE THE PRODUCT OF THE SQUARE OF
THE FIRST TERM AND THE LAST TERM
3.TRICE THE PRODUCT OF THE FIRST TERM
AND SQUARE OF THE FIRST TERM.

4.CUBE THE LAST LAST OF THE BINOMIAL

Solution:
(a+ b)3 =(a)3+3(a)2 (b)+3(a) (b)2+b3
EXAMPLES
1.(3x+4)3
=(3x)3+3(3x)2 (4)+3(3x) (4)2+43
= 27x3+108x2+144x+64
2.(4x+ 6)3
=(4x)3+3(4x)2 (6)+3(4x) (6)2+63
= 64x3+288x2+432x+216
3.(3x-4)3
= (3x)3-3(3x)2 (4)+3(3x) (4)2-43
= 27x3-108x2+144x-64
.

LESSON 8:
APPLICATIONS OF
SPECIAL PRODUCT

EXAMPLE:
ONE CAT CARRIES HETEROZYGONS LONG
HAIRED TRAITS (SS)AND ITS MATE CARRIES
HETEROZYGONS LONG HAIRED TRAITS (Ss).

1.WHAT IS THE CHANCES THAT THE

OFFSPRINGS IS A LONG HAIRED CAT?SHORT
HAIRED CAT?

SOLVE.
LONG HAIRED CAT -75 OR75%
SHORTHAIRED CAT 25 OR 25%

LESSON 9:

FACTORING
POLYNIMIALS WITH
COMMON
MONOMIAL FACTOR

FACTORING= REVERSE PROCESS OF

MULTIPLICATION
=PROCESS OF GETTING FACTORS
OF A GIVEN EXPRESSION(POLYNOMIAL).

EXAMPLE:
1.2,4,8
SOL.
2 2,4,8
1,2,4
2.54,18
9 54,18
2 6,-2
3,-1

LESSON 10:

FACTORING
THE
DIFFERENCE
OF TWO
SQUARES
This expression is called a difference of two
squares.
(Notice the subtraction sign between the terms.)

You may remember seeing expressions like this one when you worked with
multiplying algebraic expressions. Do you remember ...

If you remember this fact, then you already know that:

The factors of
are

and

Example 1:
Factor: x2 - 9
Both x2 and 9 are perfect squares. Since subtraction is occurring between
these squares, this expression is the difference of two squares.

What times itself will give x2 ? The answer is x.

What times itself will give 9 ? The answer is 3.

The factors are (x + 3) and (x - 3).

Answer: (x + 3) (x - 3) or (x - 3) (x + 3)

These answers could also

be negative values, but
positive values will make
our work easier.

(order is not important)