Tata Consultancy Services Limited (TCS) is an Indian multinational information

technology (IT) service, consulting and business solutions company headquartered

in Mumbai, Maharashtra.[2][3] TCS operates in 46 countries.[4] It is a subsidiary of the Tata Group and is
listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange and the National Stock Exchange of India. TCS is one of the
largest Indian companies by market capitalization ($80 billion)[5][6] and is the largest India-based IT
services company by 2013 revenues.[7][8] TCS is now placed among the Big 4 most valuable IT
services brands worldwide.[9] In 2013, TCS is ranked 57th overall in the Forbes World's Most
Innovative Companies ranking, making it both the highest-ranked IT services company and the first
Indian company.[10] It is the world's 10th largest IT services provider, measured by the revenues. [11]
Contents
[hide]

1 History
o

1.1 1968 to 2000

1.2 2000 to present

1.3 Acquisitions

2 Products and services

o

2.1 Service lines

3 Operations

3.1 Locations

3.2 TCS BPS

3.3 Tata Research Development and Design Centre

3.4 Innovation Labs

4 Employees

5 Awards

6 Sponsorships

7 Controversies
o

7.1 Class action lawsuit

7.2 Accusations of discrimination

8 See also

9 References

10 External links

History[edit]
1968 to 2000[edit]
Tata Consultancy Services Limited was founded in 1968 by a division of Tata Sons Limited.[12] Its
early contracts included providing punched card services to sister company TISCO (now Tata Steel),
fortune ranking 1 working on an Inter-Branch Reconciliation System for the Central Bank of India,
[13]

and providing bureau services to Unit Trust of India.

In 1975, TCS conducted its first campus interviews, held at IISc,Bangalore. The recruits comprised
12 Indian Institutes of Technology graduates and three IISc graduates, who became the first TCS
employees to enter a formal graduate trainee programme.[14]
In 1979, TCS delivered an electronic depository and trading system called SECOM for the Swiss
company SIS SegaInterSettle. TCS followed this up with System X for the Canadian Depository
System and automating the Johannesburg Stock Exchange.[15] TCS associated with a Swiss partner,
TKS Teknosoft, which it later acquired.[16]
In 1981, TCS established India's first dedicated software research and development centre, the Tata
Research Development and Design Centre (TRDDC) in Pune.[17]
In 1985, TCS established India's first client-dedicated offshore development centre, set up for
clients Tandem.
In early the Indian IT outsourcing industry grew rapidly due to the Y2K bug and the launch of a
unified European currency, Euro. TataConsultancyServices created the factory model for Y2K
conversion and developed software tools which automated the conversion process and enabled
third-party developer and client implementation.[18]

2000 to present[edit]
On 25 August 2004, TCS became a publicly listed company.[19]
In 2005, TCS became the first India-based IT services company to enter the bioinformatics market.[20]
In 2006, TCS designed an ERP system for the Indian Railway Catering and Tourism Corporation.[21]
In 2008, TCS's e-business activities were generating over US$500 million in annual revenues. [22]

In 2008, TCS undertook an internal restructuring exercise which aimed to increase the company's
agility.[23]
TCS entered the small and medium enterprises market for the first time in 2011, with cloud-based
offerings.[24] On the last trading day of 2011, TCS overtook RIL to achieve the highest market
capitalisation of any India-based company.[25]
In the 2011/12 fiscal year, TCS achieved annual revenues of over US$10 billion for the first time. [26]
In May 2013, TCS was awarded a six-year contract worth over 1100 crores to provide services to
the Indian Department of Posts.[27]
In 2013, TCS moved from the 13th position to 10th position in the League of top 10 global IT
services companies[28]
In July 2014, TCS became the first Indian company to cross the Rs 5 lakh crore mark in market
capitalization.[29][30]
In Jan 2015, TCS ends RIL's 23-year run as most profitable firm[31]

Acquisitions[edit]
Employe
Name

Acquisit

Activiti

ion date

es

Count
ry of
HQ

Pri
ce

es
(at

Notes

acquisiti

Refere
nce

on)

Access to
domestic
capability;
CMC

2001

IT

Limited

October

Services

India

$33.9
m

3,100

continues

[32][33][34]

to be a
separately
run
company.

Airline

2004

Financial

January

BPO

India

$5.1
m

400

BPO
expertise

Support

in Airline

Services

and

[35][36]

Employe
Name

Acquisit

Activiti

ion date

es

Count
ry of
HQ

es

Pri
ce

(at

Notes

acquisiti

Refere
nce

on)

Hospitality

India (AFS)

sector

Aviation
Software
Developme
nt

2004

IT

Consultanc

March

Services

India

$3.1
m

180

y
India(ASDC
)

Acquire
expertise

Phoenix
Global

2004 May

BPO

India

$13 m

400

Solutions

in

[37][38]

insurancedomain
consulting

Swedish
Indian IT

2005 May

IT
Services

Sweden

$4.8
m

n/a

Acquire
blue-chip

Resources

European

AB (SITAR)

customers
like
Ericsson,
IKEA,
Vattenfall
and

[39][40]

Employe
Name

Acquisit

Activiti

ion date

es

Count
ry of
HQ

Pri
ce

es
(at

Notes

acquisiti

Refere
nce

on)

Hutchison;
SITAR was
TCS
exclusive
partner in
Sweden
and a nonexclusive
partner in
Norway.

Acquired
life and
pension
outsourcin
g business
from Pearl
Pearl

2005

Group

October

Insurance

United

$94.7

Kingdom

950

Group;

[41][42]

Domain
knowledge
of life and
pension
underwritin
g
business.

Financial

2005

Core

Network

October

Banking

Services (F

Australia

$26 m

190

TCS
acquired
core

[43][44]

Employe
Name

Acquisit

Activiti

ion date

es

Count
ry of
HQ

Pri
ce

es
(at

Notes

acquisiti

Refere
nce

on)

banking
solution
product
(BANCS)
and
access to
NS)

116

Product

customers
in 35
countries;
FNS was
an existing
partner for
TCS.

Entry into
Latin
Comicrom

2005

Banking

November

BPO

America;
Chile

$23 m

1,257

Access to

[45][46]

payment
processing
platform.

Tata

2006

IT

Infotech

February

Services

India

$259.
2m

3,600

The
merger of
Tata
Infotech
added 15
new

[47][48][49]

Employe
Name

Acquisit

Activiti

ion date

es

Count
ry of
HQ

es

Pri
ce

(at

Notes

acquisiti

Refere
nce

on)

Fortune
500 clients
and
enhanced
TCS
systems
integration
and
infrastructu
re service
capabilities
.

TCS

Access to

2006

IT

November

Services

TKS-

2006

Banking

Switzerla

$80.4

Teknosoft

November

Product

nd

Manageme
nt

Australia

$13 m

35

Australian

[50][51]

clients

115

Expand
product
portfolio by
acquiring
rights to
Quartz and
ownership
of Alpha
and eportfolio,
enhanced
presence

[52]

Employe
Name

Acquisit

Activiti

ion date

es

Count
ry of
HQ

Pri
ce

es
(at

Notes

acquisiti

Refere
nce

on)

in
Switzerlan
d and
France

TCS
acquired
key
Citigroup

Banking

Captive

Global

2008

BPO

Services

December

ofCitigrou

Limited

India

$512
m

and
12,472

Financial

[53][54]

Services

p Inc.

(BFS)
domain
knowledge
.

Supervalu

2010

Captive

Services

September

IT/BPO

India

India

$100
m

600

TCS had a
deal with

unit of

Supervalu

Supervalu

to have

Inc. in

their

India

Software
Outsourcin
g to TCS
and
acquired
Supervalu

[55]

Employe
Name

Acquisit

Activiti

ion date

es

Count
ry of
HQ

es

Pri
ce

(at

Notes

acquisiti

Refere
nce

on)

India.

Acquire
expertise
in High
Computatio
nal
Research
Laboratorie

2012
August

High

Performan

Performa

ce

nce

India

$34 m

80

Computing

Computin

(HPC)

application

[56][57]

s and
Cloud
services

Access to
blue-chip
French
and
European
Alti SA

2013 April

IT
Services

France

$97.5
Mn

1,200

clients in
banking,
luxury,
manufactur
ing and
utilities
sectors

Products and services[edit]

[58]

TCS and its 67 subsidiaries[59] provide a wide range of information technology-related products and
services including application development, business process outsourcing, capacity planning,
consulting, enterprise software, hardware sizing, payment processing, software management and
technology education services.[60] Its established software products are TCS BaNCS and TCS
MasterCraft.[61]

Service lines[edit]
TCS' services are currently organised into the following service lines (percentage of total TCS
revenues in the 2012-13 fiscal year generated by each respective service line is shown in
parentheses):

Application development and maintenance (43.80%) value;

Asset leverage solutions (2.70%);

Assurance services (7.70%);

Business process outsourcing (12.50%);

Consulting (2.00%);

Engineering and Industrial services (4.60%);

Enterprise solutions (15.20%); and

IT infrastructure services (11.50%).[60]

Operations[edit]
TCS have 230 offices across 46 countries and 147 delivery centers in 21 countries. [4] At the same
date TCS had a total of 58 subsidiary companies.[60]

Locations[edit]
TCS has operations in the following locations:
India: Ahmedabad, Bangalore, Baroda, Bhubaneswar, Chennai, Coimbatore, Patna, Delhi, Gandhin
agar, Goa, Gurgaon, Guwahati, Hyderabad, Bhopal , Indore, Jamshedpur,Kochi, Kolkata, Lucknow,
Mumbai, Nagpur, Noida, Pune and Trivandrum[62][63]
Africa: South Africa, Morocco(closed down)[64][65]

Asia (excluding India): Bahrain, China, Israel, UAE, Hong

kong, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, Philippines, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South
Korea, Taiwan, Thailand, Qatar[66][67][68]
Australia: Australia
Europe: Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Iceland, Republic of
Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerlandand United
Kingdom.
North America: Canada, Mexico and United States.
South America: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Uruguay.[69]

Tata Consultancy
Services,Hyderabad

The Tata Consultancy Services

campus in Lucknow

Tata Consultancy Services

onGrosvenor Square, London

TCS BPS[edit]
TCS BPS (Business Process Services)is the third-largest India-based IT outsourcing company
(after capgemini).[70] The BPS division had revenues of US$1.44 billion in the FY 2012-13 which was
12.5% of the total revenue of TCS.[71] TCS BPS has more than 45,000 employees which serve over
225 million customers across 11 countries.[72] The rate of attrition in BPS division during the financial
year 2012-13 was 19.5%.[73]
In 2006, TCS won a $35 million contract from Eli Lilly and Company for providing data
management, biostatistics and medical writing services.[74][75]
In 2007, TCS won a major multi-year deal from Swiss pharmaceutical major Hoffmann-La Roche. As
per this deal, TCS will provide data management, biostatistics, clinical programming and drug
safety support to Hoffmann-La Roche's global pharmaceutical development efforts.[76][77][78]
Tata Consultancy Services has also opened a business process outsourcing facility in the
Philippines.[79]

Tata Research Development and Design Centre[edit]

Main article: Tata Research Development and Design Centre
TCS established the first software research center in India, the Tata Research Development and
Design Centre, in Pune, India in 1981. TRDDC undertakes research in Software
engineering, Process engineering and systems research. Researchers at TRDDC also
developed MasterCraft (now a suite of digitization and optimization tools)[80] a Model Driven
Development software that can automatically create code based on a model of a software, and
rewrite the code based on the user's needs.[81] Research at TRDDC has also resulted in the
development of Sujal, a low-cost water purifier that can be manufactured using locally available
resources. TCS deployed thousands of these filters in theIndian Ocean Tsunami disaster of 2004 as
part of its relief activities.[82] This product has been marketed in India as Tata swach, a low cost water
purifier.[83]

Innovation Labs[edit]
In 2007, TCS launched its co-innovation network, a network of innovation labs, start up alliances,
university research departments, and venture capitalists. [84][85] In addition, TCS has 19 innovation labs
based in three countries.[86] TCS' partners include Collabnet, Cassatt, academic institutions such
as IITs, Stanford, MIT and venture capitalists likeSequoia and Kleiner Perkins.[87]

Employees[edit]
TCS is one of the largest private sector employers in India,[88] and the second-largest employer
among listed Indian companies (after Coal India Limited).[89]
TCS had a total of over 300,000 employees as of March 2015, of which 31% were women. [60] The
number of non-Indian nationals was 21,282 as at March 31, 2013 (7.7%). [60][90]The employee costs for
the FY 2012-13 were US$4.38 billion, which was approx. 38% of the total revenue of the company
for that period.[1] In the fiscal year 2012-13, TCS recruited a total of 69,728 new staff, of whom
59,276 were based in India and 10,452 were based in the rest of the world. [60] In the same period, the
rate of attrition was 10.6%.[60] The average age of a TCS employee is 28 years.[60] The employee
utilisation rate, excluding trainees, for the FY 2012-13 was 82%. [60] TCS was the fifth-largest United
States visa recipient in 2008 (after Infosys, CTS, Wipro and Mahindra Satyam).[91][92] In 2012, the Tata
group companies, including TCS, were the second largest recipient of H-1B visas. [93][94]
Subramaniam Ramadorai, former CEO of TCS, has written an autobiographical book about his
experiences in the company called The TCS Story...and Beyond.[95]
As of June 2014, TCS has over 300,000 employees. It is world's third largest IT employer behind
IBM and HP.
Puspita Nath has been named "Employee of the Year - 2014" for her outstanding contribution in the
field of Application Testing.

Awards[edit]

TCS ranked #1 for customer satisfaction in the UK.[96]

TCS was awarded the Business Standard's Company of the Year award for 2012.[97]

In 2012, the company won Gold Shield award for excellence in financial reporting from the
Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI).[71][98]

The company won 'Recruiting and Staffing Industry Leader of the Year' and Best Employer
Brand awards at the World HRD Congress' annual meet in 2012. [71]

TCS was ranked #1 IT service provider for the Manufacturing in Europe, Middle East and
Africa (EMEA) by International Data Corporation in 2014.[99]

Sponsorships[edit]
TCS is the title sponsor for Amsterdam Marathon and New York City Marathon[100] and one of the
sponsors of Berlin Marathon, Chicago Marathon, Boston Marathon, Mumbai Marathon.[101] In India, it
is the title sponsor of World 10K held in Bangalore every year.[102] TCS is a sponsor of Indian Premier
League team Rajasthan Royals since 2009.[103] In addition, TCS provides Rajasthan Royals with
technology to help in analysis of player performance, simulation and use of RFID tags for tracking
the players fitness levels and for security purposes in the stadiums.[104][105] TCS sponsors an annual IT
quiz for high school students called TCS IT Wiz.[106]

Controversies[edit]
Class action lawsuit[edit]
On 14 February 2006, U.S. law firm Lieff Cabraser Heimann & Bernstein, LLP filed a nationwide
class action lawsuit against Tata.[107] In July 2013, judge Claudia Wilken of theU.S. District Court,
Northern District of California in Oakland, California, granted final approval to the settlement of the
lawsuit on behalf of all non-U.S. citizens employed by TCS within the state of California from 14
February 2002 to 30 June 2005. The workers claimed that they were forced to sign over their federal
and state tax refunds to their employer, as well as stating their Indian salaries were wrongfully
deducted from their U.S. pay.[108] On February 22, 2013, the Company entered into an agreement to
settle for a sum of INR 16,163 lakhs ($29.75 million), this class action suit filed in a United States
Court relating to payment to employees on deputation. [60]
Charleston County in South Carolina sued Tata Consultancy Services for delivering botched
software. TCS won the contract to create an online tax system (digiTax) for a $1.2 million. The
system was supposed to go live in July 2004 but was plagued by several delays. Tata developed the
software at its offshore development center in Chennai, India. The software was rejected by
Charleston County during user acceptance testing where it failed to meet even the basic
requirements. County sued Tata and it agreed to pay back $1 million in out of court settlement.
County finally bought an off the shelf solution.[109]

Accusations of discrimination[edit]
In May 2013, the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation, in its extensive coverage of the hiring of
temporary foreign workers in Canada and the unemployment issues faced by Canadians, reported
that TCS rarely hires skilled experienced Canadians while advertising open positions in Canada.
TCS responded that the company hired more than 125 Canadian workers in 2013 who make less
than 1.2% of the 10,452 workers the company has outside of India.[60][110]

In April 2015, a class-action lawsuit against TCS was filed in a San Francisco federal court by a U.S.
information technology worker and ex-employee, who accused the company of discriminating
against American workers by favoring South Asians in hiring and promotion. The lawsuit claimed that
South Asians comprise 95% of the company's 14,000-person U.S. workforce, and that TCS engaged
in discriminatory practices by sourcing most of its workforce through the H-1B visa programme, by
focusing its U.S.-based hiring disproportionately on South Asians and by favoring South Asian
employees in its human resources practices. In response, TCS refuted the plaintiff's claims, assuring
that it is an equal opportunity employer and bases its employment practices on non-discriminatory
reasons. A spokesperson said that in 2014 alone the company had recruited over 2,600 U.S. hires. [111]

See also[edit]

List of Indian IT companies

List of companies of India

Companies portal

Information technology portal

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External links[edit]