ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

BY:
NAWAZ AHMAD
FIRST YR.(ECE)
 INTELLIGENCE....
• THE ABILITY TO LEARN,
CONTEMPLATE,THINK,AND
REASON .
• IT'S WHAT WE USE WHEN WE
DON'T KNOW WHAT TO DO.
 CHARACTERISTICS OF
INTELLIGENCE
AN ABILITY TO
• PERFORM COMPLEX TASKS
• RECOGNISE COMPLEX PATTERNS
• SOLVE UNSEEN PROBLEMS
• LEARN FROM EXPERIENCE
• USE NATURAL LANGUAGE
 ARTIFICIAL
INTELLIGENCE
CAPABILITY OF A DEVICE TO
PERFORM FUNCTIONS THAT
ARE NORMALLY ASSOCIATED
WITH HUMAN INTELLIGENCE
,SUCH AS REASONING &
OPTIMIZATION.
 ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

STRONG A.I. WEAK A.I.

MACHINE CAN THINK MACHINES CAN BE
AND ACT LIKE HUMAN MADE TO ACT AS IF
THEY WERE
INTELLIGENT
 INTELLIGENCE REFERS TO
PROCESSING CAPABILITY; HENCE
EVERY COMPUTER IS
INTELLIGENT.

HOWEVER, A.I. IMPLIES

HUMAN-LIKE INTELLIGENCE – AN
IRONIC TWIST IN TERMINOLOGY
How do we know if an artifact is intelligent?

The Turing Test

A user chats with two

unseen entities:
-Human
-A.I.

The user must identify

 HISTORY OF A.I.
• 1863-CELLARIUS WROTE “DARWIN
AMONG THE MACHINES”
• 1950-ALAN TURING PUBLISHED
“COMPUTING MACHINERY AND
INTELLIGENCE”
• 1956-TERM A.I. USED BY J McCARTHY
• 1957-ALLEN NEWELL & SIMON DEVISED
G.P.S. TO SOLVE LOGICAL PROBLEMS
• 1958-McCARTHY INVENTED LISP
 SCOPE OF A.I.
• Game playing
• Understanding Natural
Language
• Speech Recognition
• Automated Visual
Inspection
• Expert Systems-Forensic
science
• Heuristic Classification
PROBLEM SOLVING
TECHNIQUE
ALGORITHM FOR SOLVING STATE-SPACE PROBLEM
Begin
1.state: = initial-state;
existing-state:=state;
2.While state ≠ final state do
Begin
a. Apply operations from the
set {BL, BR, BU, BD} to each
state so as to generate new-
states;
b. If new-states ∩ the
existing-states ≠ φ

Then do
Begin state := new-states -
existing-states;
Existing-states := existing-
states - {states}
End;
End while;
 FUTURE
THE DAY IS NOT FAR WHEN YOU
WILL JUST SIT BACK IN YOUR COZY
LITTLE BEDS AND JUST COMMAND
YOUR PERSONAL ROBOTS TO
ENTIRELY DO YOUR NUTS.HE WILL
BE A PERFECT COMPANION FOR
YOU. JUST ENJOY THE
TECHNOLOGY.
 CONCLUSION
• IN IT’S SHORT EXISTENCE, A.I. HAS
PROVIDED AN IMPRESSIVE ARRAY OF
APPLICATION IN A WIDE RANGE OF
FIELDS.
• THE DAY IS NOT FAR WHEN WE WILL
SEE REALLY ‘INTELLIGENT’ SYSTEMS.
• EVEN THE TASKS SUCH AS
REASONING AND NATURAL LANGUAGE
PROCESSING ARE NOT BEYOND OUR
REACH.
THANK YOU