DEN305 Exercise 2B: Drag and Power issue 4

The drag of this aircraft is estimated below at a given flight condition (see McCormick pp. 152-155 for full explanation)
Try to plot flight power verses flight velocity 0-40m/s and find the minimum drag and minimum power conditions
Flight conditions Oswald efficiency factor e
air density 1.054 kg/m3 (at 1500m) Cd0
air viscosity 1.639E-05 m2/s aircraft weight
Flight speed 20 m/s Umin drag
Dynamic pressure 210.8 Pa Umin power
Transistion Reynolds number 300000

McCormick Cd0 estimate

Wing drag estimate
Wing area 13.06 sq.m
Wing span 15.7 m
Aspect ratio 18.87
mean wing chord 0.83 m
Reynolds No. based on mean chord 1015067
approximate wetted area 26.12 sq.m
Turbulent Cf ? use notes
Drag (if all turbulent) #VALUE! N
transition point x 0.246 m fill out these boxes
laminar wetted area 7.72 sq.m
Cf (laminar portion) ? use notes
Cf (laminar portion if turbulent) 0.0057
Drag reduction laminar portion #VALUE! N
Drag #VALUE! N
Cd0 #VALUE! planform area

fin drag
fin Height 1.3 m
mean fin chord 0.6 m
fin wetted area 1.56 sq.m
Reynolds No. based on mean chord 7.322E+05
Turbulent Cf 0.00474
Drag(all turbulent) 1.56 N
transition point x 0.246 m
laminar wetted area 0.64 sq.m
Cf (laminar portion) 0.0024
Cf (laminar portion if turbulent) 0.0057
Drag reduction laminar portion 0.44 N
Drag 1.12 N
Cd0 0.0068 planform area

tailplane drag
tailplane span 2 m
tailplane mean chord 0.4 m
tailplane wetted area 1.6 sq.m
Reynolds No. based on mean chord 4.881E+05
Turbulent Cf 0.00513
Drag(all turbulent) 1.73 N
transition point x 0.246 m
laminar wetted area 0.98 sq.m
Cf (laminar portion) 0.0024
Cf (laminar portion if turbulent) 0.0057
Drag reduction laminar portion 0.67 N
Drag 1.06 N
Cd0 0.0063 planform area

fuselage drag
max. fuselage diameter 0.7 m
maximum fuselage length 6.95 m
 estimated wetted area 9.93 sq.m
Reynolds No. based on length 8.481E+06
Turbulent Cf 0.00308
Drag(all turbulent) 6.46 N
transition point x 0.246 m
laminar wetted area 0.11 sq.m
Cf (laminar portion) 0.0024
Cf (laminar portion if turbulent) 0.0057
Drag reduction laminar portion 0.08 N
Drag 6.64 N
Cd0 0.0032 wetted area

Total drag
Drag #VALUE!
Cd0 #VALUE! planform area
 0.9
#VALUE!
3200 N
? W from guide notes
? W from guide notes
DEN305 Exercise 2B: Drag and Power
See how this curve varies as you change input parameters in blue

Flight conditions Oswald efficiency factor e 0.9

air density 1.054 kg/m3 (at 1500m) Cd0 0.0112
air viscosity 1.639E-05 m2/s aircraft weight 3200
Flight speed 20 m/s Umin drag 24.5
Dynamic pressure 210.8 Pa Umin power 18.6
Transistion Reynolds number 300000 note effect of changing this parameter

McCormick Cd0 estimate

Wing drag estimate
Wing area 13.06 sq.m
Wing span 15.7 m
Aspect ratio 18.87
mean wing chord 0.83 m
Reynolds No. based on mean chord 1015067
approximate wetted area 26.12 sq.m
Turbulent Cf 0.00446
Drag (if all turbulent) 24.5 N
transition point x 0.246 m
laminar wetted area 7.72 sq.m
Cf (laminar portion) 0.0024
Cf (laminar portion if turbulent) 0.0057
Drag reduction laminar portion 5.3 N
Drag 19.3 N
Cd0 0.0070 planform area

fin drag
fin Height 1.3 m
mean fin chord 0.6 m
fin wetted area 1.56 sq.m
Reynolds No. based on mean chord 7.322E+05
Turbulent Cf 0.00474
Drag(all turbulent) 1.56 N
transition point x 0.246 m
laminar wetted area 0.64 sq.m
Cf (laminar portion) 0.0024
Cf (laminar portion if turbulent) 0.0057
Drag reduction laminar portion 0.44 N
Drag 1.12 N
Cd0 0.0068 planform area

tailplane drag
tailplane span 2 m
tailplane mean chord 0.4 m
tailplane wetted area 1.6 sq.m
Reynolds No. based on mean chord 4.881E+05
Turbulent Cf 0.00513
Drag(all turbulent) 1.73 N
transition point x 0.246 m
laminar wetted area 0.98 sq.m
Cf (laminar portion) 0.0024
Cf (laminar portion if turbulent) 0.0057
Drag reduction laminar portion 0.67 N
Drag 1.06 N
Cd0 0.0063 planform area

fuselage drag
max. fuselage diameter 0.7 m
maximum fuselage length 6.95 m
 estimated wetted area 9.93 sq.m
Reynolds No. based on length 8.481E+06
Turbulent Cf 0.00308
Drag(all turbulent) 6.46 N
transition point x 0.246 m
laminar wetted area 0.11 sq.m
Cf (laminar portion) 0.0024
Cf (laminar portion if turbulent) 0.0057
Drag reduction laminar portion 0.08 N
Drag 6.64 N
Cd0 0.0032 wetted area

Total drag
Drag 30.76
Cd0 0.0112 planform area
 Power curve: Constant Cd0
hange input parameters in blue U CL Cd P
15 2.07 0.091 2119
17 1.61 0.060 2018
19 1.29 0.042 1995
N 21 1.05 0.032 2040
m/s 23 0.88 0.026 2148
m/s 25 0.74 0.022 2317
27 0.64 0.019 2546
29 0.55 0.017 2837
31 0.48 0.016 3190
33 0.43 0.015 3608
35 0.38 0.014 4093
37 0.34 0.013 4648

0 0
24.5 0.77 0.022 2273
18.6 1.34 0.045 1994

Variation of Flight Power vs. Flight Velocity

5000
4500
4000
3500
flight power DU (W)

3000
2500
2273
2000 1994
1500
1000
500
0 0
0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40

velocity U (m/s)