CHAPTER 11: COORDINATION AND

RESPONSE

1.

Diagram below shows a cross section of the spinal cord. Name the parts of the
spinal cord labelled as P, Q, R and S.

2.

Diagram below shows two types of neurones.

(a) Identify P and Q.

P :____________________________ Q :___________________________
(b) Label P with the following terms :
Receptor cell

cell body

axon

(c) Label Q with the following terms :

Dendrite

synaptic terminals

myelin sheath

(d) Show the direction of flow of an impulse in P and Q during the transmission of an
impulse from a receptor.

CHAPTER 11: COORDINATION AND

RESPONSE
3.

Diagram below shows a synapse.

(a)

(i)

What is the role of mitochondria in a synapse?

____________________________________________________

(ii)

State two neurodegenerative diseases that are associated with

the decrease in secretion of neurotransmitters.
____________________________________________________

(b)

Describe the transmission of information across a synapse.

__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________

4.

Match the following hormones to their functions.

Hormone
Antidiuretic
hormone (ADH)
Insulin
Androgens

Function
Stimulate development of male secondary sexual
characteristics and spermatogenesis.
Stimulates development of the uterine lining and
formation of the placenta.
Decreases blood glucose levels and promotes
conversion of glucose to glycogen.

CHAPTER 11: COORDINATION AND

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Prolactin
Growth hormone
Progesterone

Stimulates water reabsorption by kidneys.

Stimulates milk production and secretion from
mammary glands.
Stimulates growth, protein synthesis and fat
metabolism.

5.

Diagram above shows the position of the major endocrine organs in the human
body. Label the main glands of the endocrine system.

CHAPTER 11: COORDINATION AND

RESPONSE

Islet cells in
pancreas stimulated
to secrete insulin

Blood glucose
rises

Normal blood
glucose level

Normal blood
glucose level

Blood glucose
drops

Islet cells in
pancreas stimulated
to secrete glucagon

6. The schematic diagram above shows the regulation of blood glucose level.
Choose the correct answers for the empty boxes labelled as A, B, C, D and E.
Insulin also stimulates the conversion of glucose to glycogen in liver and muscle cells,
for storage.
Glucagon stimulates the liver to break down glycogen to glucose.
Glucagon also promotes lipid breakdown, which releases fatty acids that can be
metabolized for energy.
The adipose cells use the breakdown of glucose to form fats.
Insulin stimulates the uptake of glucose by liver, muscle and adipose cells, for
respiration.

CHAPTER 11: COORDINATION AND

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7.

Diagram above shows a part of nephron. Name the processes that occur in
parts P, Q and R
P :________________________________________
Q :________________________________________
R :________________________________________

8.

The diagram below shows the structure of a synapse.

(a)

Name the parts labelled P-U.

P : ____________________________________
Q : ____________________________________
R : ____________________________________
S : ____________________________________
T : ____________________________________
U : ____________________________________

CHAPTER 11: COORDINATION AND

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(b) Name the chemical substances found in Q

__________________________________________________________________
(c) State the importance of organelle R existing in large number in structure P.
__________________________________________________________________
(d) Describe briefly how a nerve impulse crosses a synaptic cleft.
__________________________________________________________________
(e) Explain why a nerve impulse is transmitted in only one direction from one
neurone to the next neurone.
__________________________________________________________________
9.

Diagram below shows the position of some endocrine glands in a human body.

(a)

Name the endocrine glands labelled L, M, N and O.

L : _______________________________________
M : _______________________________________
N : _______________________________________
O : _______________________________________

CHAPTER 11: COORDINATION AND

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(b)

Name an endocrine gland in the human male that controls his sexual
characteristics.
__________________________________________________________________

(c) (i) Name the main gland in the body that controls the activities of many other
endocrine glands.
__________________________________________________________
(ii) Name a hormone that is produced by the main gland that controls the secretion
of gland M.
__________________________________________________________
(d) (i) Name a hormone that is secreted by gland M.
__________________________________________________________
(ii) State two functions of hormone in (d)(i).
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
(e) Explain what would happen if a diet for a young child is deficient in iodine.
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
10.

Diagram below shows the structure of a kidney nephron.

(a)

Formation of urine involves three main processes. Name these processes.

(i) ___________________________________________

CHAPTER 11: COORDINATION AND

RESPONSE

(ii) ___________________________________________
(iii) ___________________________________________
(b)

(i)

Name the process that occurs between the glomerulus and the Bowmans
capsule.
__________________________________________________________

(ii)

Describe briefly how process in (b)(i) occurs.

__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________

(c) (i)

Name two blood components found in the glomerulus but not in the
filtrate.
__________________________________________________________

(ii)

Suggest a reason for the component difference in (c) (i).

__________________________________________________________

(d)

Why is there a difference in the chemical composition of the filtrate in the

Bowmans capsule and the filtrate in the loop of Henle? Explain your answer.
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

(e)

Name the organ in the human body where urea is produced.

__________________________________________________________________

CHAPTER 11: COORDINATION AND

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ESSAY QUESTIONS
1.

Diagram 1(a) shows a reflex arc and Diagram 1(b) shows the regulation of glucose
in the blood. Both figures illustrate coordination systems in the human body.

Diagram 1(a)

Diagram 1(b)
(i)

Describe the reflex action in Diagram 1(a)

(ii)

Compare the coordination system shown in Diagram1(a) and 1(b).

CHAPTER 11: COORDINATION AND

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10

2. Diagram 2 shows a ball and socket joint with tissues P, Q , R and S which are
responsible for locomotion in a human.

DIAGRAM 12

S
Diagram 2
Based on Diagram 2 discuss how the structure and organization of P,Q,R and
S produced movement at the joints.
3.

A doctor is going to do a test to examine a patients nervous system.

CHAPTER 11: COORDINATION AND

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11

Diagram 3
Based on Diagram 3, describe the pathway transmission of nerve impulses to
show whether the patients nervous system is normal or not.

4. Diagram 4 shows the organs and glands involved in regulating the human
temperature.

Diagram 4
A student skates on an ice skating.
Based on Diagram 4, explain how regulation of the students body temperature
occurs.