SECTIONING OF A

MACHINE COMPONENT
BY ANY ONE SECTION
PLA NE ,OUT OF THREE
FOLLOWING MENTIONED
SECTION PLANES

(1)BY A VERTICAL SECTION PLANE

(PARALLEL TO PRINCIPLE V.P.)
Hence ,
(a)The real or true shape of the section is
observed in its F.V., known as SEC. F.V.
- AB
(b)Section plane will be seen as a cutting
plane line (similar to center line ,thick at ends)
with corresponding horizontal vision direction
arrows at the center of thick ends in its T.V. &

(2)BY A HORIZONTAL SECTION PLANE

Hence,
(a)The real or true shape of the section is observed in
its T.V., known as SEC. T.V. - AB
(b) The cutting or section plane will be observed as a
cutting plane line (similar to center line ,thick at
ends) with the corresponding vertically downward
vision direction arrows at the center of the thick
ends in its F.V. and in S.V.

(3) BY A SECTION PLANE , NORMAL TO

BOTH H.P. AND V.P.
(i.e. parallel to profile plane or side view plane)
Hence,
(a)The real or true shape of the section is
observed in its S.V., known as SEC. L.H.S.V
AB or SEC. R.H.S.V - AB
(b) The cutting or section plane will be observed
as a cutting plane line (similar to center line ,
thick at ends) with the corresponding vertically
downward vision direction arrows at the center
of the thick ends in its F.V. and in T.V.

Figure shows isometric view

of a machine component.
Draw its

40

30

15

.5
R12

15

50

10

(2)Sectional Front view, Top

view & L.H.S.V., using 3rd
angle
method
of
projections.

50

30

30

15

(1)Front view, Top view &

L.H.S View, using 3rd angle
method of projections.

60

X
50

Ortho. Views (No sectioning)

10

1.
40
60

30

15

25

30

50

50

15

50

Top View

L.H.S.View

Front View

It will be nearer to
V.P. in 1st angle
method & against the
vertical plane in 3rd
angle method.

Retained split of the

machine parts

2.

40
60

15

25

50
A

30

30

10

(With sectioning)

50

Top View

L.H.S. View

Sectional Front View -AB

Figure shows the pictorial view of a

machine component. Draw its
following views as per First angle
method of projections

28

(1) Front view from X direction.

(2) Sectional top view-AA

(3) L.H.S. View

60

20

14
0
12

20

0
2
30

28

Sketch shows the assumed cut model (retained part of

the machine component / split against the observer) due
to horizontal section plane passing through AB.

20

0
2
1
28

20

60

20

20

30, 7deep

14

28

120
F.V.

Sectional T.V.

L.H.S.V.

Figure shows the pictorial 30

view
of
a
machine
components.
Draw
its
following views, using 3rd
angle
method
of
projections.
(1) Front view from arrow X
(2) Top View
(3) Sectional R.H.S.V - AB
0

2
0

6
0

2
0
R1

Retained split, will be

nearer to V.P. in 1st
angle
method
&
against the vertical
plane in 3rd angle
method.

No hatching in
this area as not
contained in the
section plane

Retained split of the

machine parts

A
30

2
0

4
0

T.V.

2
0

9
0

6
0

F.V.

2
0

8
0

SEC.
R.H.S.V

SPECIAL
SECIONS
HALF SECTION

HALF SECTIONAL F.V.-AB

A
C

TOP VIEW

HALF SECTIONAL
LEFT S.V.-BC

In half section the hidden

line should be used only on
unsectioned
side of the
view, provided that they are
necessary for dimensioning
or for clarity.

SPECIAL SECTIONS

REMOVED & REVOLVED

SECTIONS

REVOLVED
SECTION

REMOVEDSECTION

REMOVED
SECTION

REVOLVED SECTION

REMOVED SECTION

REMOVED SECTIONS

NOTE:- (As per Previous I S 696 1972 Page 38)

When the cutting plane passes (contains) the
center line of such elements as,
Shafts,bolts,nuts,rods,rivets,keys,pins, pulley
arms, spokes, webs(ribs),screws,ball or roller
bearings or similar shapes - no section lining
or sectioning is needed for the objects , i.e. the
hatching should be eliminated.
(See

the

next

demonstrating

following the above rule)

exercises

Vertical Collared Shaft

(supported on webbed
and drilled flange) in
Conventional section in
F.V., along with
the T.V.
Note:- As a rule, all the hidden
lines should be omitted from a
sectional view. The only
exemption is where the hidden
lines are absolutely
Indispensable for clarification
or for dimensioning.
Actual or true projections are not preferred to draw

OFFSET SECTION: The path of the cutting plane is

bent to pass through features not located in a straight
line, i.e. it is offset to pass through both principle
features of the object. Example is shown below in Ex.
1 & Ex. 2.
Section lines are
to be staggered as
shown at R

Ex. 1.

B
B

F.V (SECTION AA)

Off set
sectioning
Ex. 2.
A

Section lines are to be staggered as shown at P,Q

Partial (broken,
local or Zonal)
Section.

Tap bolt(fastener)
pulley
shaft

See Ex.
A,B & C

Shaft and pulley partly broken out to

show internal fastening

Ex. A

This is used to show only a desired features of the object .

No cutting plane lines are necessary , shown by wavy line

Partial (broken,
local or Zonal)
Section.

Ex. B

SPECIAL SECTION
SECTION IN TWO INTERSECTING PLANES
A

R.H.S.V.

SEC. F.V. - AB

SPECIAL SECTION
Cross hatching of adjacent parts See at (1) & (2)

(1)

SPECIAL SECTION
Hatching more than two adjacent components
at (2)
C

(hatched
at 60 )

45

B
A
45

(2)

hatched
at 30
on D

F.V.

SEC.T.V.

Two vertical plates ,fastened by a horizontal

rivet is shown in its F.V. & T.V., cut by horizontal
section plane. Note the rivet is shown in section in
T.V.

CONVENTIONAL REPRESENTATION
OF CYLINDER IN WHICH
CIRCULAR OR RECTANGULAR
HOLE CUT IN ITS F.V.
Note:- The actual shape of hole
or slot may be understood from
its side view.
For circular hole
ACTUAL
PROJECTIONS

For rectangular slot

AUXILARY SECTION

SECTION AA

AUXILIARY SECTION (as special

section)
It is the sectional view not in principal
planes. it may be full, half ,broken out ,
removed or revolved.The section should
be shown in its normal auxilary position
and clearly identified with a cutting plane
with letters

SUCCESSIVE SECTIONS (REMOVED

TYPE)
B
A

SECTION
AA

SECTION
BB

SECTION
DD
SECTION

SUCCESSIVE SECTIONS (REMOVED

TYPE)
B

SUCCESSIVE SECTIONS (REMOVED

TYPE)

SECTION
AA

SECTION

SECTION

SECTION

BB

CC

DD

(With sectioning)
2.

L.H.S. View

Top View

Sectional Front View -AB

13

70
15

15

26

30,2
HOLES

30

26

R20

30
45

15

13

30,2
HOLES

15

70

13

12

26

15

10

15
81

30

26

0
3

R20

L.H.S.V.

SCECTIONAL F.V.-AA

10

70

65

TOP VIEW

14

14

SOLUTION`

30

14

(3) L.H.S.V
R3
5

TOP VIEW

A
2
0

A
Approx.25

70

Aim:-Sketch-1, shows Isometric View of a

machine part. Draw its following
orthographic views using third angle
method of projections, giving
dimensions.
(1) Sectional F.V.-AA
(2) T.V.

36

30

35

8
20

14
14

65

2 HOLES,
14

100

3
6

65

34

14

14
`

14
10
0

70

Sketch-1

A
LEFT HAND SIDE VIEW

100
SECTIONAL FRONT VIEW AA

SCALE:- 1:1
SYMBOL OF PROJECTION METHOD, NOT SHOWN

30

14

TOP VIEW

2
0

14

36

35

8
R

R3
5

A
Approx.25

(3) L.H.S.V

14

14

SOLUTION`

70

Aim:-Sketch-1, shows Isometric View of a

machine part. Draw its following
orthographic views using third angle
method of projections, giving dimensions.
(1) Sectional F.V.-AA
(2) T.V.

20

100

3
6

2 HOLES,
14

14

65

34

A
LEFT HAND SIDE VIEW

Hatch (section) lines, to be kept at 1 to 1.5 mm apart,

at 45 normally, but depends on areas to be hatched.

100
SECTIONAL FRONT VIEW AA

SCALE:- 1:1
SYMBOL OF PROJECTION METHOD, NOT SHOWN

60

50

40,DEPTH 24

14
48

14

10

30

70

40

50

24

64

10

30

140

L.H.S.V

14

48

14

FRONT VIEW

70

TOP VIEW