Code No: 36036 R05 Set No.

2
III B.Tech II Semester Supplimentary Examinations,February 2010
MEDICAL IMAGING TECHNIQUES
Bio-Medical Engineering
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
?????

1. (a) Define Axial and lateral resolution?

(b) Why a Transducer with narrow beam width has better lateral resolution. Ex-
plain with the help of diagrams. [8+8]

2. Explain the following in Detaii:

(a) Point spread function

(b) line spread function
(c) Edge spread function
(d) System transfer function [4×4]

3. What are the different types of Biological effects observed with the usage of ultra-
sound? Give examples. [16]

4. (a) Discuss different types of detectors used for X-ray plants.

(b) Explain various Imaging techniques which use Electromagnetic radiation.[8+8]

5. (a) Discuss the single-hole focused collimator and multi-hole focused collimator
in detail
(b) Explain the solid state detector with a neat sketch. [6+10]

6. What are the different imaging methods available in Magnetic Resonance Imag-
ing?Briefly describe them. [16]

7. (a) Discuss the limitations of CT in detail, and propose the possible solutions to
overcome them.
(b) Discuss the various generations of CT with neat diagrams. [10+6]

8. Write briefly about SINC Slice Selective Pulses and explain how this can be used
in medical imaging. [16]

?????

1
Code No: 36036 R05 Set No. 4
III B.Tech II Semester Supplimentary Examinations,February 2010
MEDICAL IMAGING TECHNIQUES
Bio-Medical Engineering
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
?????

1. Discuss the following in Detail:

(a) Projection function.

(b) Image artifacts
(c) Weighing factor [8+4+4]

2. Explain the generation and detection of NMR signal with schematic? [16]

3. (a) List the requirements of real time ultrasonic imaging system

(b) Explain one pulse echo system with block diagram. [8+8]

4. (a) Explain the Angiography and its applications

(b) Write short note on following:
i. mammography
ii. Xeroradiagraphy [8+4+4]

5. What are the Imaging Concepts used in MRI systems. [16]

6. (a) Explain the function of Film badge with a neat sketch.

(b) Describe SPECT scan with a neat sketch. [6+10]

7. (a) What are the fundamentals of acoustic propagation explain them in brief?
(b) Explain the physical meaning of stress and strain relation ship with respect
to acoustic propagation? [8+8]

8. Explain the role of the following in X-ray Technique?

(a) Grid
(b) Filters
(c) Rotating Anode [6+4+6]

?????

2
Code No: 36036 R05 Set No. 1
III B.Tech II Semester Supplimentary Examinations,February 2010
MEDICAL IMAGING TECHNIQUES
Bio-Medical Engineering
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
?????

1. (a) Give two examples of artificial piezo electric materials.

(b) Explain the relation between thickness and ultrasound wavelength?
(c) Compare natural and artificial piezo electric materials? [4+6+6]

2. (a) Discuss the biological effects of Ionizing Radiation.

(b) Explain the various diagnostic applications of X-Rays. [8+8]

3. Explain phase encoding procedure with pulse sequence during the preparation phase
of the imaging sequence. [16]

4. (a) Explain the limitations of Conventional X-ray Technique, how can CT over-
come such limitations.
(b) Explain the Computed Tomography technique with a neat sketch. [4+12]

5. (a) Describe about the cyclotron in detail.

(b) Describe the PET scan with a neat sketch. [8+8]

6. Define the following terms

(a) Ultrasonic wave distortion

(b) Transient Cavitation
(c) Stable cavitation. [4+6+6]

7. (a) Explain briefly about the Convolution Filters used for FID signal to suppress
the noise
(b) Explain briefly about the Convolution difference Filters used for solvent sup-
pression. [8+8]

8. (a) Explain the efficiency of X-ray machine with relevant equations.

(b) Electron has been accelerated between a cathode and anode held at a 120kV
potential difference. What is the speed of electron when it slams into the
anode?
(master of electron is 9.11×10−31 kg). [8+8]

?????

3
Code No: 36036 R05 Set No. 3
III B.Tech II Semester Supplimentary Examinations,February 2010
MEDICAL IMAGING TECHNIQUES
Bio-Medical Engineering
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
?????

1. (a) Explain the block diagram of detection of NMR signal

(b) Explain about “Free Induction Decay”
(c) State T1 and T2 relaxation times. [6+5+5]

2. (a) Describe Piezo electric effect effect.

(b) Explain the process of making artificial Piezo electric materials? [8+8]

3. (a) Explain frequency shift method in 3 steps

(b) Give Principles behind duplex imaging [8+8]

4. Explain spin echo experiment with necessary diagrams. [16]

5. (a) State the indications and contra indications of Computed tomography.

(b) Briefly explain the iterative reconstruction techniques for CT. [6+10]

6. (a) Explain the Rectilinear scanner with schematic diagram.

(b) Explain the Anger Camera with schematic diagram [8+8]

7. (a) What is the need of Image subtraction in the imaging of Soft tissues?
(b) Explain the various noise reduction techniques in X-ray imaging. [6+10]

8. (a) Compute the maximum photon energy of the radiated X-ray for tungsten
anode voltage of 100kV. Calculate the following parameters.
i. Efficiency
ii. Wavelength of X-ray
(Proportional constant is 1.4×10−9 V −1 , Atomic number(z)=74)
(b) Mention different applications of X-ray examination with suitable examples.
[8+8]

?????