DAR ES SALAAM INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY (DIT)

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND

TELECOMMUNICATION
ETU 07209: ANALOGUE COMMUNICATION
LABORATORY
LABORATORY TASK FOUR (a)
PULSE AMPLITUDE MODULATION &
DEMODULATION

PULSE AMPLITUDE MODULATION & DEMODULATION

Aim:
To generate the Pulse amplitude modulated and demodulated signals.
Tool provided
Simulation software
Pulse amplitude modulation & demodulation circuits
Theory
Pulse amplitude modulation is a scheme, which alters the amplitude of regularly spaced
rectangular pulses in accordance with the instantaneous values of a continuous message signal.
Then amplitude of the modulated pulses represents the amplitude of the intelligence.
A train of very short pulses of constant amplitude and fast repetition rate is chosen the amplitude
of these pulse is made to vary in accordance with that of a slower modulating signal the result is
that of multiplying the train by the modulating signal the envelope of the pulse height
corresponds to the modulating wave .the Pam wave contain upper and lower side band
frequencies .besides the modulating and pulse signals.
The demodulated PAM waves, the signal is passed through a low pass filter having a cut off
frequencies equal to the highest frequency in the modulating signal. At the output of the filter is
available the modulating signal along with the DC component PAM has the same signal to noise
ratio as AM and so it is not employed in practical circuits

Modulating signal

Carrier signal

PAM signal

Fig 1: PAM input and output signals

Circuit Diagram
Modulating
Signal

Carrier Signal

Fig 2: Pulse Amplitude Modulated Circuit

PAM input

Fig 3: Pulse Amplitude Demodulator circuit

Modulating signal
Output

Test Procedures
For Modulation
1. Connect the circuit as shown in circuit diagram of figure 2
2. Set carrier signal output to be 4Vpp at 1000Hz
3. Set modulating signal output at 2 Vpp 100Hz
4. Observe the output wave form on a CRO.
Discussion

What happen to the PAM signal when amplitude of modulating signal is increased or
decreased?
What happen to the PAM signal when frequency of modulating signal is increased or
decreased?

For Demodulation
1. Connect the circuit shown in figure 3 at the output of figure 2
2. Given the modulated output with modulating signal used to the input of the circuit.
3. Vary the potentiometer so that modulating signal is obtained.
4. Measure the amplitude of the signal and verify with that of the input.
Discussion

What happen to the Demodulator output signal when amplitude of modulating signal is
increased or decreased?
What happen to the Demodulator output signal when frequency of modulating signal is
increased or decreased?

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SUBMITTED.