EFFECT OF SILICA FUME ASH ON BOND STRENGTH AND

COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF CONCRETE

A Dissertation work submitted to the

Faculty of Engineering of Kakatiya University, Warangal
In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the degree of
MASTER OF TECHNOLOGY
IN

STRUCTURAL & CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING

By

Under the Guidance of

Estd: 1980
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
KAKATIYA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY & SCIENCE
(Affiliated to Kakatiya University)
WARANGAL 506015

2014-2015

KAKATIYA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY & SCIENCE

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
(Affiliated to Kakatiya University)
WARANGAL 506015
2014-2015

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that this project work entitled EFFECT OF SILICA FUME ASH ON BOND
STRENGTH AND COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF CONCRETE. is the bonafied work
carried out by M.SRAVANTHI bearing Roll No.13016T6018 in partial fulfillment of the
requirements for the award of degree of the M.Tech Structural and Construction Engineering
from Kakatiya University, Warangal during the academic year 2014-2015.

Dissertation Guide

Head of the Department

DECLARATION
I declare that the work presented in this project report is original and carried out in the
Department of Civil Engineering, Kakatiya Institute of Technology & Science, Telangana State
and had not been submitted anywhere for any Post Graduate degree in part or full to the best of
my knowledge.

M.SRAVANTHI (13016T6018)

ACKNOWLEDGMENT
I highly obliged to express my deep felt thanks for the initiation of the project by
Dr. M. Veera Reddy Professor of Department of Civil Engineering, Kakatiya Institute
of Technology & Sciences Kakatiya University. It is with great pleasure that I express
my gratitude for their guidance & advice with which this study has been carried out. I
thank for their valuable suggestions and worthy counsel.
I sincerely thank the Faculty of Civil Engineering Department and
Sri. M. SRIKANTH, Associate Professor and Coordinator of M.Tech (Structural
and Construction Engineering).
I like to express sincere thanks to Prof. S. G. Narayana Reddy, Head of the
Department of Civil Engineering, for continuous help and support to me.
I wish to express my sincere thanks to Dr. K. ASHOKA REDDY, Principal,
Kakatiya Institute of Technology and Science, Warangal, for providing the necessary
infrastructure and good academic environment in an endeavor to complete the project
and special thanks for providing Department Library of Civil and Digital Library to
access journals.
It is my pleasure to acknowledge Sri. V. Krishna Murthy Mechanic, Concrete
Laboratory & Sri. S. Vidya Sagar Mechanic, Material Testing Laboratory who helped
in the completion of the work.
I offer my earnest gratitude to all the people who helped me directly or indirectly
in the completion of this Dissertation.

M.SRAVANTHI

CONTENTS
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
1.1. Silica Fume
1.2. Bond Strength
1.3. Scope of the project
1.4. Objective of the project
CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW
CHAPTER 3: EXPERIMENTAL PROGRAMME
3.1. General
3.2. Materials
3.3. Mix Design Proportions
3.4. Moulds & Equipment
3.5. Testing
Test for Compressive Strength Test (cubes)
Test for Bond Strength test (cylinders & cubes)
3.6. Development Length
CHAPTER 4: RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
4.1. General
4.2. Mix Proportioning of Silica Fume
and concrete
4.3. Strength characteristics of concrete
CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSIONS
CHAPTER 6: REFERENCES

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LIST OF TABLES
Sl no.

Name of the table

1. Properties of cement
2. Sieve analysis of fine aggregate
3. Sieve analysis of coarse aggregate
4. Physical Properties of Silica Fume
5. Reinforcing Bars Details
6. Experimental Programme
7. Mix proportion of concrete for every 5% replacement of Silica Fume
8. Compressive strength & Bond Strength of concrete in N/mm2
9. Comparison of Bond strength Pullout to push out
10. Comparison of bond Strength Twist bar to plain bar
11. Comparison of bond Strength by Orangun et al
12. Comparison of bond Strength by Australian standards 3600
13. Comparison of bond Strength by Esfahani and Rangun
14. Comparision of ratios of Orangun et al, Australian standards 3600 & Esfahani and
Rangun
15. Push out test on cubes
16. Pull out test on cubes
17. Push out test on cylinders
18. Pull out test on cylinders

LIST OF FIGURES
Sl no.
Name of the figure
1. General details of free bar in the specimen
2. Compressive Testing Machine
3. Universal testing machine
4. Casting of specimens
5. Test specimens after 28 days curing
6. Specimen while testing in push out test and pull out test (Universal testing machines
7. Failure pattern of push out test of cube and cylinder specimens with 16mm diameter,
HYSD bars
8. Push out test on cubes
A. 0% Silica fume using Plain bars fig A1,A2
B. 0% Silica fume using Twist bars used fig B1,B2
C. 5% Silica fume using Twist bars used fig C1,C2
D. 10% Silica fume using Twist bars fig D1,D2
E. 15% Silica fume using Twist bars fig E1,E2
F. 20% Silica fume using Twist bars fig F1,F2
9. Pull out test on cubes
A. 0% Silica fume using Plain bars fig A3,A4
B. 0% Silica fume using Twist bars fig B3,B4
C. 5% Silica fume using Twist bars fig C3,C4
D. 10% Silica fume using Twist bars fig D3,D4
E. 15% Silica fume using Twist bars fig E3,E4
F. 20% Silica fume using Twist bars fig F3,F4
10. Push out test on cylinders
A. 0% Silica fume using Plain bars fig K1,K2
B. 0% Silica fume using Twist bars fig L1,L2
C. 5% Silica fume using Twist bars fig M1,M2
D. 10% Silica fume using Twist bars fig N1,N2
E. 15% Silica fume using Twist bars fig O1,O2
F. 20% Silica fume using Twist bars fig P1,P2
11. Pullout test on cylinders
A. 0% Silica fume using Plain bars fig K3,K4
B. 0% Silica fume using Twist bars fig L3,L4
C. 5% Silica fume using Twist bars fig M3,M4
D. 10% Silica fume using Twist bars fig N3,N4
E. 15% Silica fume using Twist bars fig O3,O4
F. 20% Silica fume using Twist bars fig P3,P4
12. Push Out test on Cube for various percentages of Silica fume
13. Pull Out test on Cube for various percentages of Silica fume.
14. Push Out test on Cylinder for various percentages of Silica fume.
15. Pull Out test on Cylinder used for various percentages of Silica fume.

ABSTRACT
Bond Strength can be considered from two different angles one is the bond
strength between paste and steel reinforcement and the other is the bond strength
between paste and aggregate. Bond Strength between paste and steel reinforcement is of

considerable importance. A perfect bond, existing between concrete and steel

reinforcement is one of the fundamental assumption of reinforced concrete Bond
Strength arises primarily from the friction and adhesion between concrete and steel the
roughness of steel surface is also one of the factors affecting bond strength. The bond
strength of concrete is approximately proportional to the compressive strength up to
about 20 MPa. For higher strength concrete, increase in bond strength becomes
progressively smaller.
Mineral additions which are also known as mineral admixtures have been used in
Portland cement for many years. There are two types of additions which are commonly
mixed into the Portland clinker or blended directly with cement these days. They are
crystalline, also known as hydraulically inactive additions and pozzolanic, which are
hydraulically active additions. Silica fume is very reactive pozzolan, while it is used in
concrete because of its fine particles, large surface area and high SiO2 content. Silica
fume is much fined separated silica obtained as a by-product in industry.
The main parameter investigated in this study is M25 grade concrete with partial
replacement of cement by silica fume by 0%, 5%, 10%, 15% and by 20% and using
16mm diameter plain and twist bars to determine the bond strength of concrete.
This project presents a detailed experimental study on Compressive strength,
Bond strength at age of 28 days. For different embedded lengths of steel bars were
considered in present tests namely 15cm and 30cm for push out test on cube and
cylinder, 15cm and 30cm for pullout test on cube and cylinder.
The Experimental values indicated that, the bond stress Increases 45.80% to
75.80%, when deformed bars are used in comparison of plain bars.