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Primary Prevention of Chronic Diseases:

The Role of Nutrition


Public Health Nutrition Background Paper

Public Health Services


July 2003

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#HRONIC DISEASES SUCH AS DIABETES CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE AND CANCERS ARE LARGELY PREVENTABLE NON COMMUNICABLE
CONDITIONSASSOCIATEDWITHRISKFACTORSSUCHASPOORNUTRITION PHYSICALINACTIVITY TOBACCOUSE ANDINAPPROPRIATEINTAKEOF
ALCOHOL ASWELLASTHESOCIALDETERMINANTSOFILLHEALTH4HEBURDENOFCHRONICDISEASESISINCREASINGRAPIDLYWORLDWIDE AND
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DPVSTFPGBDUJPOUPDPQFXJUIUIJTFQJEFNJD #OLLABORATIVEEFFORTSANDPOLITICALWILLARENEEDEDTOMAKEMAJORSOCIETAL
CHANGES TOWARDS HEALTH PROMOTING ENVIRONMENTS THAT SUPPORT THE PROTECTIVE FACTORS OF HEALTHY EATING AND ADEQUATE
PHYSICAL ACTIVITY 3FEVDJOH QPQVMBUJPOXJEF JOUBLFT PG FOFSHZEFOTF  OVUSJFOUQPPS GPPET BOE ESJOLT XJMM NBLF B CJH
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OVERALL!USTRALIANBURDENOFDISEASEANDINJURYIN4HESEINCLUDEDTOBACCO PHYSICALINACTIVITY OBESITY
 INADEQUATECONSUMPTIONOFFRUITANDVEGETABLES HIGHSERUMCHOLESTEROL ANDTHENETIMPACTOFHARM
ANDBENEjTOFALCOHOL (OWEVERTHISIMPORTANTSTUDYDIDNOTATTEMPTTODETERMINESOMEOTHERRISKFACTORSINCLUDING
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v NUTRITIONALANAEMIAS
4HE TREATMENT OF THESE DISEASES REQUIRES EXTREMELY COSTLY MEDICAL INTERVENTIONS &UTURE HEALTH SPENDING ON THE
MANAGEMENTOFCHRONICDISEASESWILLACCOUNTFORANINCREASINGPROPORTIONOFTHE1UEENSLANDBUDGETDUETOTHEAGEINGOF
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4HE PREVALENCE OF OVERWEIGHT AND OBESITY HAS INCREASED RAPIDLY IN !USTRALIA AND GLOBALLY AND NOW CONSTITUTES A MAJOR
EPIDEMIC "ECAUSE OVERWEIGHT INCREASES THE RISK OF SEVERAL CHRONIC DISEASES THERE IS SIGNIjCANT OVERLAP BETWEEN THE
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