- Congruent segments have the same length.

- Congruent angles have equal measure.

- Congruent polygons have the same shape and size.
- Polygons are congruent if their corresponding angles and sides are congruent.
- Corresponding parts(sides and angles) are in the same place in different figures
3 rules used to tell when 2 triangles are congruent:
1) Side-Side-Side(SSS)_ If 3 sides of one triangle are congruent to 3 sides of another
triangle, then the triangles are congruent.
2) Side-Angle-Side(SAS)_ If 2 angles and the side between them(known as included
side) are congruent to 2 sides and the angle between them in another triangle, then the
triangles are congruent.
3) Angle-Side-Angle(ASA)_ If 2 angles and the side between them(known as included
side) in one triangle are congruent to two angles and the side between them in
another triangle, then the triangles are congruent.
A reflection creates a mirror image of each point of a figure.
The figure is reflected about a line called the line of reflection.
A transformation is a geometrical operation that changes a figure into another figure.
- Ex. of transformation: reflections, translations, rotations, dilations, etc.
- To reflect a figure about the x-axis, multiply all y-coordinates by -1.
- To reflect a figure about the y-axis, multiply all x-coordinates by -1.
{Symmetry is when you have two exact parts in a figure}
A figure has line symmetry if one half of the figure is a mirror image of the other half
folded over the line of symmetry. (Can have
more than one line of symmetry.
When a figure is transformed, the new figure is
labeled with prime symbols to indicate the new
figures vertices.
Pre-image is the figure you start with and image is the final figure you end with(new
figure created).
A translation(or a slide) moves each point of a figure the same distance up/down and
left/right.
- Moving diagonally is not a translation.
Coordinate notation: Describe the transformation in terms of changes to the coordinates
of the points in the figure.
- (x, y) ----> (x+4, y-3)
/
pre-image----> image
A rotation is a transformation that turns each point of a figure the same number of
degrees around a common point.
- Often rotate around the origin, b/c all of the equations/ formulas are easier.
90 clockwise rotation(about the origin)- Switch the coordinates and multiply the new ycoordinate by -1.
90 counterclockwise rotation(about the origin)- Switch the coordinates and multiply the
new x-coordinates by -1.

180 rotation(about the origin)- Multiply x and y coordinates by -1.

The angle through which a figure is rotated is called the angle of rotation.
The common point at the rotations center is called the center of rotation.
Similar polygons have the same shape, but are not necessarily the same size.
--> symbol for similar to: ~
- In similar polygons, corresponding angles are congruent.
- In similar polygons, corresponding sides are in proportion.
- It appears that all 3 ratios of side lengths are the same.
When 3 or more ratios of sides are equal to each other for a polygon, this forms a
proportion, or we simply say that the sides of the polygon are in proportion
Scale factor- The ratio of corresponding sides(saying that 2 polygons are similar)
A dilation stretches or shrinks a figure.
*arrow notation
*scale factor for similarity and dilations
*redraw a figure using vertex coordinates after a dilation
*recognize corresponding parts&
*changing coordinates
*translate a polygon
*rotate polygon
*reflect a figure
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