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ABSTRACT
Water is very vital in sustaining life because no organism is independent of water for survival. Humans
need water in a daily basis. About an average of 3 liters is recommended for daily water intake.
Drinking water which comes from below the ground dissolves calcium and magnesium from rocks and
the soil which makes the water hard. Water hardness is simply the amount of calcium and magnesium
dissolved in water. Hard water can be beneficial since it contains minerals that the body needs but it
also has disadvantages such as clogging of pipes when it builds up. The experiment aims to determine
the total water hardness of a water sample by complexometric titration. It involves the formation of a
complex through the reaction of the titrant and the analyte. Water samples of commercialized mineral
water, specifically Hidden Spring, were titrated with EDTA using Eriochrome Black T indicator.
Endpoint is indicated with a color change from wine red to clear blue. Through experimentation, it
was found out that the average total hardness of the mineral water sample was 187.29 ppm with a
percent error of 9.33% based from the theoretical value of the total water hardness that is 206.57 ppm
and a relative standard deviation of 12.67ppt. The calculated total hardness states that the mineral
water sample is hard which means that it has a high calcium and magnesium content.
INTRODUCTION
When astronomers search for life outside the
earth, they would first try look at the
presence of water because when there is
water, there might, just possibly, be life.
Water is vital in sustaining life. This is
because there isnt an organism in this world
that does not depend on water. There are also
other uses of water in our lives. We grow
plants using water, keep livestock using
water, and drink water. Water is even a part
of us. The human body contains about 70
percent water. [1] A certain amount of water
intake is necessary for humans to survive or
at least be healthy. Eleven to fifteen glasses or
approximately 2.7-3.7 liters is recommended
Y4-
MgY2-
(6)
REFERENCES
APPENDIX
Sample Calculations:
Molarity of Working Solution of CaCO3:
Trial 2:
Trial 3:
Average M EDTA:
Sample Analysis:
Trial 1:
Trial 2:
Trial 3:
Confidence Interval:
Percent Error: