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Abstract
Indian construction industry is growing at a rate of 9.2% as against the world average of 5.5%.
Construction by nature is not an eco-friendly activity. Construction, renovation and demolition activities lead to the formation of waste.
Growth in construction activities generates construction waste which is fast becoming a serious environmental problem with deadly
consequences. Most of the construction and demolition, waste in our country are not recycled but end up in landfills occupying valuable land.
The promotion of environmental management and the mission of sustainable development have exerted the pressure demanding for
the adoption of proper methods to protect the environment across all industries including construction.
Construction waste recycling reduces the demand up on new resources. Cuts down the cost and effort of transport and production. Use
waste which would otherwise be lost to land fill sites.
Waste - Material by-product of human and industrial activity that has no residual value. Need for Comprehensive construction waste
management in every site. Every personnel from the management to the operational level should work for the goal of construction waste
management.
Recycled precast elements and cubes after testing (the aggregate could be relatively clean with only cement paste adhering to it). Demolished concrete building (aggregate could be contaminated with bricks and tiles, sand and dust, timber, plastics, cardboard and paper
and metals). Used as a subtitle for natural coarse aggregates in concrete.
*Corresponding Author:
Mohd Aslam,
Research Scholar, Department of Civil Engineering,
Aurora Scientific Technological and Research Academy,
Hyderabad India.
INTRODUCTION
GENERAL
Concrete is an artificial material in which the aggregates
are bonded together by the cement when mixed with water. With the advancement of technology and increased
field of application of concrete and motors, the strength,
workability, durability and other characteristics of the ordinary concrete can be made suitable for any situation.
For this, definite proportions of cement, water, fine aggregates, coarse aggregates, mineral admixtures and chemical admixtures are required.
INTRODUCTION TO RECYCLED AGGREGATE
In recent years certain countries have considered the reutilization of construction and demolition waster as a new
construction material as being one of the main objectives
with respect to sustainable construction activities. This
thesis focuses on recycling of concrete waste as an aggregate in structural concrete. From the mid 70s many
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4%) Iron Oxide (3-4%) Magnesia (0.1-3%) Sculpture (13%) and Alkalis (0.3-2%)
COARSE AGGREGATE
The aggregate like sand and brick and stone are inert materials. Their properties greatly influence the behaviour
of concrete since they occupy about 80% of the total value
of the concrete it is logical to us maximum, of aggregate
since they are less expensive than cement and are freely
are available in natural. They aggregates are classified as
fine aggregate and coarse aggregate and comply with the
requirements of IS 383-1970. Fine aggregates are material passing through as IS Sieve that is less than 4.75 mm
gauge beyond which, they are known as coarse aggregate.
For maximum strength and durability, the aggregate
should be packed and cemented as compactly as possible
for this reason the gradation of particle sizes in aggregate
to produce close packing is of considerable importance.
It is necessary that aggregate have good strength, durability and weather resistance, their surface is free from
impurities such as loam, silt and organic matter which
may weaken the bond with the cement paste and that no
unfavourable chemical reaction takes place between them
and cement.
CEMENT
Cement is a material that has cohesive and adhesive in
the properties in the presence of water. Natural cement
is obtained by burning and crushing the stones containing clay, carbonate of lime and some amount of carbonate of magnesia. Natural cements resemble very closely
hydraulic lime. It sets very quickly after addition of water.
It is not strong as artificial cement. The artificial cement
was invented by a mansion Joseph Aspidin of England it
is therefore, sometimes referred as Portland cement.
The two basic ingredients of cement are calcareous and
argillaceous products usually containing Lime (62-67%)
and Silica (17-25%) Alumna (3-8%) Calcium Sulphate (3146
FINE AGGREGATE
Concrete is a composite material, the workability and the
development of strength depend upon the age, the properties of the constituent materials and their combined action. The role of fine aggregate on strength and workability has to be deciphered before examining the possibility
of total replacement of fine aggregate.
The purpose of mix proportioning is to produce the required properties in both plastic and hardened concrete
by the most economical and practical combination of materials available they has been very little used reported of
vast quantities of wastes have generated by mixing and
quarrying industries only small amount of this waste are
used in road making and in manufacture of building materials such as light weight aggregate bricks and autoclaved bricks an attempt is made to study the affect of
rock dust as fine aggregate on the strength and workability aspects of concrete mixes.
It is evident that the concrete strength development depends upon the strength of the cement mortar and its
synergetic with coarse aggregate. Pebbles as coarse aggregate, due to smooth surface texture impart lower
mortar aggregate bond strength than that imparted by
crushed coarse aggregates. In the present work, fine aggregate consisting of natural sand conforming to grading
zone II of IS 383 1970 is used.
ROLE OF FLY ASH IN CEMENT
Fly Ash, known also as pulverized fuel ash is the ash precipitated electro statically or mechanically from the exhaust gases of coal fired power stations to generate electric power and is the most common artificial pozzolana.
The Fly Ash particles are spherical and its fineness is very
high. Fly Ash is available in large quantities in the country as a waste product from a number of thermal power
stations and industrial plants using pulverized bituminous/sub-bituminous coal as fuel for the boilers.
Fly ash also makes substantial contributions to workability, chemical resistance and the environment. To
fully appreciate the benefits of fly ash in concrete must
be understood. Concrete is a composite material, which
essentially consists of two components: aggregates and
cementitious paste.
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fly ash were spread out on the aggregate and mixed thoroughly in dry state turning the mixtures over and over
until uniformity of colour was achieved, as shown in
plates. Water was measured exactly by weight and thoroughly mixed to obtain homogeneous concrete. The time
of mixing shall be 10-15 minutes.
EXPERIMENTAL PROGRAMME
INTRODUCTION
This experimental programme describes the manufacture
of test specimens, and presents the detail of the test program. The experimental program was designed to complete the mechanical properties i.e., compressive strength
and flexural strength of concrete with M25 grade of Recycled and Natural aggregate. Subsequently a part of cement was replaced by fly ash and Recron-3S fibres that
cause the variations in strength were studied.
3.2 STUDY OF MATERIALS
The material that are used for the current experimental
are
Cement
Fine Aggregate
Natural Coarse Aggregate
Recycled Coarse Aggregate
Water
Recron-3s Fibre
Fly Ash
PLACING OF CUBES
SEQUENCE OF OPERATION
The cube moulds and beam moulds are cleaned and all
care was taken to avoid any irregular dimensions. The
joints between the sections of moulds were coated with
CURING
The test specimens cubes and beams were stored in place
from vibration in moist air at 90% relative humidity. After 24 hours the specimens were demoulded and immediately immersed in clean, fresh water tank for a period of
28days. Curing of Beams were done by placing mats on
them and watering was done in regular intervals keeping
in view that no loss of moisture content from the beams
is lost
The specimens of standard cubes (150mmx150mmx150mm) thirty in numbers were caste and standard
beam (1500mmx150mmx230mm) ten in numbers were
caste. Cement was replaced by fly ash by 25% by weight
of cement and they were caste.
MIXING
Measured quantities of coarse aggregate and fine aggregate were spread out over an impervious concrete floor.
The dry ordinary Portland cement (coromandel king) and
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TESTING PROCEDURE
149
SPECIFIC GRAVITY
The specific gravity of the fine aggregate was 2.63 and
coarse aggregate natural was 2.74 and recycled was 2.62
respectively.
WATER ABSORPTION
The water absorption of the fine aggregate was 1.0% and
coarse aggregate natural was 0.826% and recycled was
28.6% respectively.
FINENESS MODULUS
The fineness modulus of the fine aggregate was 3.57 and
coarse aggregate natural was 7.454 and recycled was
7.535 respectively.
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF AGGREGATE
SI.NO
Property
Fine
Aggregate
2.55
Natural
Coarse
Aggregate
Recycled
Coarse
Aggregate
2.7
2.71
Specific
gravity
Fineness
modulus
3.57
7.454
7.535
Water absorption
1.0%
0.826%
3.67%
Bulk density
1.80 kg/lt
1498kg/m3
1710kg/m3
1492kg/m3
1712kg/m3
a)loose
b)compacted
SL.NO
MIX
FIBRE (%)
SLUMP(MM)
COMPACTION
FACTOR
1.
M25
80
0.86
MIX
COMPRESSIVE
STRENGTH(MPA)
FIBRE (gm/
cu.m)
1.
M25
30.00
MIX
COMPRESSIVE
STRENGTH(MPA)
FIBRE (gm/
cu.m)
1.
M25
21.67
MIX
COMPRESSIVE
STRENGTH(MPA)
FIBRE (gm/
cu.m)
1.
M25
28.33
900
SL.NO
MIX
FIBRE (gm/
cu. m)
SLUMP(MM)
COMPACTION
FACTOR
1.
M25
900
60
0.88
BEAM DEFLECTION(A)
The load versus mid-span deflection curve of the test
beams of natural aggregate without fiber
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MOMENT CURVATURE(A)
CONCLUSION
BEAM DEFLECTION(B)
The load versus mid-span deflection curve of the test
beams of recycled aggregate with 0.25% of fiber
REFERENCES
AUTHOR
BEAM DEFLECTION(C)
The load versus mid-span deflection curve of the test
beams of recycled aggregate with 0.50% of fiber
MOMENT CURVATURE(C)
The moment versus curvature curve of the test beams of
Mohd Aslam ,
Research Scholar,
Department of Civil Engineering,
Aurora Scientific Technological and Research Academy,
Hyderabad India.
Ketepalli Sravani,
Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering,
Aurora Scientific Technological and Research Academy,
Hyderabad India.
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