SUPPLEMENTARY QUESTIONS

IDEAL GASES: Ideal Gas Equation.

1.

A cylinder holds 140 dm3 of nitrogen at room temperature and

pressure. Moving slowly so that there is no change in temperature, a
piston is pushed to reduce the volume of the gas to 42 dm3.
a. Calculate the pressure of the nitrogen after compression.[3.37
105 Pa]
b. Explain the effect on the temperature and pressure of the
nitrogen if the piston were pushed in very quickly.

2.

A cylinder contains 40 dm3 of carbon dioxide at a pressure of 4.8 105

Pa at room temperature.
Calculate:
a. the number of moles of carbon dioxide, [7.69 mol]
b. the mass of carbon dioxide. (molar mass of carbon dioxide =
0.044 kg mol-1) [0.339 kg]

3.

A vessel of volume 200 dm3 contains 3.0 1026 molecules of gas at a

temperature of 127 C. Calculate the pressure exerted by the gas on
the vessel walls. [8.29 106 Pa]

4.

Estimate the number of molecules in a flask of volume 5 10-4 m3

containing oxygen at a pressure of 2 105 Pa and a temperature of 300
K. [(2 to 3) 1022]

5.

A rigid gas tight container holds 150 cm3 of air at a temperature of

100 C and a pressure of 1.00 105 Pa. The temperature of the air is
raised to 150 C. Calculate the new pressure. [1.13 105 Pa]

6.

A balloon has a volume 5.50 10-2 m3. It is filled with helium to a

pressure of 1.10 105 Pa at a temperature of 20 C. Calculate:
a. The number of moles of helium inside the balloon. [2.48 mol]
b. The number of helium atoms inside the balloon. [1.50 1025]
c. The net force acting on one square centimetre of the material of
the balloon if atmospheric pressure is 1.01 105 Pa. [0.90 N]

7.

Estimate the molar volume of a gas at 300 K and at a pressure of 1

105 Pa. The volume of a single molecule of the gas is estimated to be 2
10-29 m3. What percentage of the volume occupied by the gas is
empty space? [0.025 m3, 99.95 %]

8.

An experiment is carried out inside a vacuum system in which the

pressure is 1.0 107 Pa and the temperature is 20 C. Estimate the
number of gas molecules per cubic metre in the system. [(2 to 3)
1027]

9.

Some cars are fitted with bags packed into the steering column. In an
accident, gas is forced under pressure into the bag and the bag of gas
quickly acts as a cushion between the driver and the steering wheel.
In one such system, the volume of gas used in the bag is 0.037 m3
when the pressure is 1.8 105 Pa and the temperature of the gas is 6
C. Calculate the
a. the temperature of the gas in Kelvin, [279 K]
b. the amount of the gas used, in moles, [2.87 mol]
c. the pressure in the bag when the temperature rises to 18 C
assuming the volume to remain constant while the temperature
rises. [1.88 105 Pa]

10. A car tyre of volume 1.0 10-2 m3 contains air at a pressure of 300 kPa
and a temperature of 290 K. The mass of one mole of air is 2.9 10-2
kg.
Assuming that the air behaves as an ideal gas, calculate:
a. the amount, in mol, of air, [1.24 mol]
b. the mass of the air, [0.036 kg]
c. the density of the air. [3.6 kg m-3]
11. A flask of volume 9.0 10-4 m3 contains air. A vacuum pump reduces
the pressure in the flask to 150 Pa at a temperature of 300 K. For the
air remaining in the flask, calculate
a. its density, [1.74 10-3 kg m-3]
b. the number of molecules present. [3.18 1019]
Take the molar mass of air to be 0.029 kg mol-1.