Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Exercises
Chapter 1
Appendix
1.1-1
1.1-3
1.1-5
1.1-7
1.1-9
0.68.
(a) 12/52; (b) 2/52; (c) 16/52; (d) 1; (e) 0.
(a) 1/6; (b) 5/6; (c) 1.
0.63.
(a) 3(1/3) 3(1/3)2 + (1/3)3 ;
(b) P(A1 A2 A3 ) = 1 [1 3(1/3) + 3(1/3)2
(1/3)3 ] = 1 (1 1/3)3 .
1.1-11 (a) S = {00, 0, 1, 2, 3, . . . , 36};
(b) P(A) = 2/38;
(c) P(B) = 4/38;
(d) P(D) = 18/38.
1.1-13 2/3.
1.2-1 4096.
1.2-3 (a) 6,760,000; (b) 17,576,000.
1.2-5 (a) 24; (b) 256.
1.2-7 (a) 0.0024; (b) 0.0012; (c) 0.0006; (d) 0.0004.
1.2-9 (a) 2; (b) 8; (c) 20; (d) 40.
1.2-11 (a) 362,880; (b) 84; (c) 512.
1.2-13 (a) 0.00539; (b) 0.00882; (c) 0.00539; (d) Yes.
1.2-17 (a) 0.00024; (b) 0.00144; (c) 0.02113; (d) 0.04754;
(e) 0.42257.
1.3-1 (a) 5000/1,000,000; (b) 78,515/1,000,000;
(c) 73,630/995,000; (d) 4,885/78,515.
1.3-3 (a) 5/35; (b) 26/35; (c) 5/19; (d) 9/23; (e) Left.
1.3-5 (a) S = {(R, R), (R, W), (W, R), (W, W)}; (b) 1/3.
1.3-7 1/5.
1.3-9 (f) 1 1/e.
1.3-11 (a) 365r ; (b) 365 Pr ; (c) 1 365 Pr /365r ; (d) 23.
1.3-13 (b) 8/36; (c) 5/11; (e) 8/36 + 2[(5/36)(5/11) +
(4/36)(4/10) + (3/36)(3/9)] = 0.49293.
1.3-15 11.
1.4-1 (a) 0.14; (b) 0.76; (c) 0.86.
1.4-3 (a) 1/6; (b) 1/12; (c) 1/4; (d) 1/4; (e) 1/2.
Chapter 2
2.1-3 (a) 10; (b) 1/55; (c) 3; (d) 1/30; (e) n(n + 1)/2; (f) 1.
2.1-5 (b)
Relative
x
Frequency
Frequency
f (x)
1
2
3
4
38
27
21
14
0.38
0.27
0.21
0.14
0.40
0.30
0.20
0.10
13 2x
, x = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6;
36
6
12 2y
(b) g(0) =
, g(y) =
, y = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5.
36
36
2.1-11 0.416.
2.1-13 (a) 19/20; (b) 1/20; (c) 9/20.
2.1-7 (a) f (x) =
509
Frequency
Relative
Frequency
0
1
2
3
4
5
13
16
9
2
0
0
0.325
0.400
0.225
0.050
0.000
0.000
f (x)
0.2532
0.4220
0.2509
0.0660
0.0076
0.0003
2.1-17 78.
2.2-1 (a) 3; (b) 7; (c) 4/3; (d) 7/3; (e) (2n + 1)/3; (f) E(X) =
+, so does not exist.
2.2-3 $360.
2.2-5 (a) h(z) = (4 z1/3 )/6, z = 1, 8, 27; (b) 23/3 of a
dollar; (c) 7/3 of a dollar.
2.2-7 E(X) = 17/216 = $0.0787.
2.2-9 (a) $1/19; (b) $1/37.
2.2-11 $0.01414.
2.3-1 (a) 15; 50; (b) 5; 0; (c) 5/3; 5/9.
2.3-3 (a) 16; (b) 6; (c) 16.
2.3-5 = 7.
2.3-7 m = 7.
2.3-9 $1809.80.
2.3-11 = 2, 2 = 4/5,
2/5,
f (x) = 1/5,
2/5,
x = 1,
x = 2,
x = 3.
Chapter 3
3.1-3 (a) f (x) = 1/10, 0 < x < 10; (b) 0.2; (c) 0.6;
(d) = 5; (e) 2 = 25/3.
3.1-5 (a) G(w) = (w a)/(b a), a w b;
(b) U(a, b).
3.1-7 (a) (i) 3; (ii) F(x) = x4 , 0 x 1; (iv) = 4/5, 2 =
2/75;
(b) (i) 3/16; (ii) F(x) = (1/8)x3/2 , 0 x 4; (iv) =
12/5, 2 = 192/175;
(c) (i) 1/4; (ii) F(x) = x1/4 , 0 x 1; (iv) =
1/5, 2 = 16/225.
3.1-9 (b)
x < 0,
0,
F(x) = x(2 x),
0 x < 1,
1,
1 x.
(c) (i) 3/4, (ii) 1/2, (iii) 0, (iv) 1/16.
3.1-11 (a) d = 2; (b) E(Y) = 2; (c) E(Y 2 ) = +.
e2x
ex
ex
ex
3.1-13 f (x) =
=
=
=
x
2
x
2
2x
x
(1 + e )
(1 + e ) e
(e + 1)2
f (x).
3.1-15 (a) 1/e; (b) 1/e19/8 .
3.1-17 $740.74.
3.1-19 (a) = $28,571.43, = $15,971.91; (b) 0.6554.
k
k
3.1-21 (a)
i=1 ci fi (x) dx =
i=1 ci fi (x) dx =
k
i=1 ci = 1;
(b) = ki=1 ci i , 2 = ki=1 ci (i2 + 2i ) 2 .
0,
x < 0,
0 x < 1,
x/2,
1/2,
1 x < 2,
F(x) =
4/6,
2 x < 4,
5/6,
4 x < 6,
1,
6 x.
(b) $2.25.
Chapter 4
4.1-1 (a) 1/33; (b) 1/24; (c) 1/18; (d) 6.
4.1-3 (a) fX (x) = (2x + 5)/16, x = 1, 2;
(b) fY (y) = (2y + 3)/32, y = 1, 2, 3, 4;
(c) 3/32; (d) 9/32; (e) 3/16; (f) 1/4; (g) Dependent;
(h) X = 25/16; Y = 45/16; X2 = 63/256; Y2 =
295/256.
4.1-5 (b) f (x, y) = 1/16, x = 1, 2, 3, 4; y = x + 1, x + 2,
x + 3, x + 4;
(c) fX (x) = 1/4, x = 1, 2, 3, 4;
(d) fY (y) = (4 |y 5|)/16, y = 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8;
(e) Dependent because the space is not rectangular.
4.1-7 (b) b(6, 1/2), b(6, 1/2).
4.1-9 (a) f (x, y) =
4.2-1
4.2-3
4.2-5
4.2-7
4.2-9
x y 15xy
3
1
6
15!
,
x! y! (15 x y)! 10
10
10
0 x + y 15;
(b) No, because the space is not rectangular;
(c) 0.0735;
(d) X is b(15, 0.6);
(e) 0.9095.
X = 25/16; Y = 45/16; X2 = 63/256; Y2 =
295/256;
(h) = 79 12090/24180;
(i) y = 215/806 + (237/806)x.
y = 0, 9,
1/24,
fY (y) = 2/24,
y = 1, 8,
3/24,
y = 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7.
4.3-11 fX (x) = 1/5 and h(y | x) = 1/[5(x + 1)], for x =
0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and y = 0 . . . x; P(X + Y > 4) = 13/50.
4.4-1 (a) fX (x) = x/2, 0 x 2; fY (y) = 3y2 /8,
0 y 2;
(b) Yes, because fX (x)fY (y) = f (x, y);
(c) X = 4/3; Y = 3/2; X2 = 2/9; Y2 = 3/20;
(d) 3/5.
4.4-3 fX (x) = 2e2x , 0 < x < ; fY (y) = 2ey (1 ey ),
0 < y < ; no.
4.4-5 (a) c = 24; (b) c = 30/17; (c) c = 2/(e 2);
(d) c = 1/2.
4.4-7 (b) 1/3.
4.4-9 11/30.
4.4-11 (a) c = 8; (b) 29/93.
4.4-13 (a) fX (x) = 4x(1 x2 ), 0 x 1; fY (y) = 4y3 , 0
y 1;
(b) X = 8/15; Y = 4/5; X2 = 11/225; Y2 = 2/75;
Chapter 5
g(y) = 2y, 0 < y < 1.
2
g(y) = (1/8)y5 ey /2 , 0 < y < .
Exponential distribution with mean 2.
(a) F(x) = (ln x ln c 0.03)/0.04 and f (x) =
1/(0.04x), ce0.03 x ce0.07 , where c = 50,000;
(b) The interest for each of n equal parts is R/n. The
amount at the end of the year is 50,000(1+R/n)n ;
the limit as n is 50,000 eR .
5.1-9 (a) G(y) = P(Y y) = P(X ln y) = 1 ey ,
0 < y < ;
(b) G(y) = 1 exp[e(ln y1 )/2 ], 0 < y < ;
g(y) = exp[e(ln y1 )/2 ][e(ln y1 )/2 ][1/2 y],
0 < y < ;
(c) A Weibull distribution with G(y) = 1
1 arctan 5
(b)
= 0.0628;
2
1 arctan 10
(c)
= 0.0317.
2
r2
, r > 2;
r2 2 2
2r22 (r1 + r2 2)
r1 (r2 2)2 (r2 4)
, r2 > 4.
1/36,
y = 2,
4/36,
y = 3,
g(y) = 10/36,
y = 4,
12/36,
y
= 5,
9/36,
y = 6;
= 14/3, 2 = 10/9.
5.3-7 2/5.
5.3-9 (a) 729/4096; (b) = 3/2; 2 = 3/40.
5.3-11 (a) 0.0035; (b) 8; (c) Y = 6, Y2 = 4.
5.3-13 1 e3/100 0.03.
5.3-15 0.0384.
5.3-17 $21,816.
5.3-19 5.
5.3-21 (c) Using Maple, we obtain = 13,315,424/3,011,805 =
4.4211.
(d) E(Y) = 5.377 with 16 coins, E(Y) = 6.355 with
32 coins.
5.4-1 (a)
1/64,
y = 3, 12,
3/64,
y = 4, 11,
g(y) =
6/64,
y = 5, 10,
10/64,
y
= 6, 9,
12/64,
y = 7, 8.
5.4-3 (a) M(t) = e7(e 1) ; (b) Poisson, = 7; (c) 0.800.
5.4-5 0.925.
5.4-7 (a) M(t) = 1/(1 5t)21 , t < 1/5;
(b) gamma distribution, = 21, = 5.
t
1/36,
w1 = 0,
w1 = 1,
4/36,
h1 (w1 ) = 10/36,
w1 = 2,
12/36,
w1 = 3,
9/36,
w1 = 4;
(b) h2 (w) = h1 (w);
(c)
1/1296,
8/1296,
36/1296,
104/1296,
h(w) = 214/1296,
312/1296,
324/1296,
216/1296,
81/1296,
w=0
w = 1,
w = 2,
w = 3,
w = 4,
w = 5,
w = 6,
w = 7,
w = 8;
96/1024,
y = 4,
144/1024,
y = 5,
P(Y = y) =
150/1024,
y = 6,
135/1024,
y = 7.
5.4-17 Y X + 25 is b(50, 1/2);
50 50
50 1
P(Y X 2) =
= 0.3359.
2
k
k=27
Chapter 6
6.1-1 (a) x = 1.1; (b) s2 = 0.035; (c) s = 0.1871.
6.1-3 (a) x = 16.706, s = 1.852;
(b) Frequencies: [1, 1, 2, 14, 18, 16, 23, 10, 7, 2, 1, 1].
6.1-5 (a) x = 112.12; s = 231.3576;
(d) Half of the observations are less than 48.
6.1-7 (b) x = 7.275, s = 1.967; (c) 47, 61.
6.1-9 (a) With class boundaries 90.5, 108.5, 126.5, . . . , 306.5:
Frequencies: [8, 11, 4, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 12, 12, 3];
(b) x = 201;
(c) With class boundaries 47.5, 52.5, . . . , 107.5:
Frequencies: [4, 4, 9, 4, 4, 0, 3, 9, 7, 5, 4, 1];
(d) x = 76.35.
6.1-11 (a) 0.261, 0.196;
(b) 0.327, 0.315;
(c) 0.270, 0.273;
(d) Example of Simpsons paradox.
6.2-1 (a)
Stems
Leaves
Frequency
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
9
3
67
11444678888999
001345566666788999
1111133556667789
01111122234446677888888
0001145899
0133478
28
5
1
1
1
2
14
18
16
23
10
7
2
1
1
Leaves
Frequency
8
8
589
8
2344557
2778
79
8
1
1
3
1
7
4
2
1
Leaves
Frequency
88
001
233
444
66777
88899
000001
22233
444455
677
88999
01
1
0
2
3
3
3
5
5
6
5
6
3
5
2
0
1
(b) 1/20.
n!
6.3-9 (a) gr (y) =
(1ey )r1 (ey )nr ey ,
(r 1)!(n r)!
0 < y < ;
(b) A beta pdf with = n r + 1, = r.
n!
(yn y1 )(n2) , 0 < y1 <
6.3-11 (a) g(y1 , yn ) =
(n 2)!
yn < 1;
n2 , 0 < w <
(b) h(w1 , w2 ) = n(n1)wn1
1
2 (1w1 )
1, 0 < w2 < 1;
h1 (w1 ) = (n 1)(1 w1 )n2 , 0 < w1 < 1;
h2 (w2 ) = nwn1
2 , 0 < w2 < 1;
(c) Yes.
6.3-13 Both could be normal because of the linearity of the
qq plots.
6.4-3 (b) x = 89/40 = 2.225.
= X/3; (c) 6
equals the sample
6.4-5 (a) 6
= X/2; (b) 6
median.
6.4-7 (c) (i) 6
= 0.5493, 5
= 0.5975, (ii) 6
= 2.2101,
5
6
= 2.4004, (iii) = 0.9588, 5
= 0.8646.
6.4-9 (c) x = 3.48.
6.4-13 (a) 5
= X; (b) Yes; (c) 7.382; (d) 7.485.
= v/x = 0.0658, 5
= x2 /v =
6.4-15 x = , v = 2 so 5
102.4991.
6.4-17 (b) 5
= 2X; (c) 0.74646.
n
n
yi /x2i 7
)2
1 (yi 6
6.4-19 6
= i=1
; 2 =
.
n
2
n
x2i
i=1 1/xi
i=1
6.5-3 (a) 6
y = 86.8 + (842/829)(x 74.5);
7
(c) 2 = 17.9998.
6.5-5 (a) 6
y = 10.6 0.015x;
(c) 6
y = 5.47 + 0.0004x;
(e) Horsepower.
6.5-7 (a) 6
y = 0.819x + 2.575;
72 = 3.294.
6 = 0.819;
(c) 6
= 10.083;
6.5-9 (a) 6
y = 46.59 + 1.085x.
6.6-1 (b) 2 /n; (c) 2/n.
6.6-3 (a) 2 2 /n; (b) N(, 2 2 /n); (c) 2 (n).
n
n
72 = 1
6.7-1 (a)
Xi2 ; (b)
Xi2 ; (c) Yes.
n
i=1
i=1
(b) X.
6.8-1 (a) k( | y) +y1 e(n+1/) .
Thus, the posterior pdf of is gamma with parameters + y and 1/(n + 1/);
(b) w(y) = E( | y) = ( + y)/(n + 1/);
y
n
1/
+ ()
.
(c) w(y) =
n n + 1/
n + 1/
6.8-3 (a) E[{w(Y) }2 ] = {E[w(Y) ]}2 + Var[w(Y)]
= (74 2 114 + 45)/500;
(b) = 0.569 to = 0.872.
6.8-5 The posterior median (or posterior mean), because
the posterior pdf is symmetric.
6.8-7 d = 2/n.
2
2 (2n)
1/2
(2n) /2
is the
,
6.9-5 (c) 2yz is 2 (2n);
2y
2y
interval
2y
for
z,
and the
interval
for
2y
.
,
2 (2n) 2
/2
(2n)
1/2
Chapter 7
7.1-1 [71.35, 76.25].
7.1-3 (a) x = 15.757; (b) s = 1.792; (c) [14.441, 17.073].
7.1-5 [48.467, 72.266] or [48.076, 72.657].
is
7.5-7 (a)
Stems
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
Leaves
Frequency
7
000
89
133667788
379
8
139
022
1
3
0
0
2
9
3
1
3
3
5 = 106.7, 5
(b) 5
0.25 = 106.0, m
0.75 = 108.95;
(c) (i) (102.0, 106.6), 89.66%; (ii) (106.3, 107.7),
89.22%; (iii) (107.3, 110.0), 89.66%;
(d) [106.3, 107.7], 89.22%; [105.87, 107.63], 90%.
5 = 0.92;
7.5-9 (a) 5
0.50 = m
(b) (y41 , y60 ) = (0.91, 0.93); 0.9426 using normal
approximation, 0.9431 using binomial;
(c) 5
0.25 = 0.89;
(d) (y17 , y34 ) = (0.88, 0.90); 0.9504 using normal
approximation, 0.9513 using binomial;
(e) 5
0.75 = 0.97;
(f) (y67 , y84 ) = (0.95, 0.98); 0.9504 using normal
approximation, 0.9513 using binomial.
7.5-11 y4 = 5.08 < 0.25 < y15 = 5.27, y14 = 5.27 < 0.5 <
y26 = 5.31, y24 = 5.30 < 0.75 < y35 = 5.35. The corresponding exact confidence coefficients are 0.9503,
0.9467, and 0.9602, respectively.
7.6-1 (a) Normal
with mean 1 and
variance
2
1
x
+ n
2
;
2
n
i=1 (xi x)
(b) 6
1 ht /2 (n2), where
1
2
n 2
x2
31 +
.
h=6
n
2
n2 n
i=1 (xi x)
7.6-3 (a) [75.283, 85.113], [83.838, 90.777], [89.107, 99.728];
(b) [68.206, 92.190], [75.833, 98.783], [82.258, 106.577].
7.6-5 (a) [4.897, 8.444], [9.464, 12.068], [12.718, 17.004];
(b) [1.899, 11.442], [6.149, 15.383], [9.940, 19.782].
7.6-7 (a) [19.669, 26.856], [22.122, 27.441], [24.048, 28.551],
[25.191, 30.445], [25.791, 32.882];
(b) [15.530, 30.996], [17.306, 32.256], [18.915, 33.684],
[20.351, 35.285], [21.618, 37.055].
Chapter 8
8.1-1 (a) 1.4 < 1.645, do not reject H0 ;
(b) 1.4 > 1.282, reject H0 .
(c) p-value = 0.0808.
8.1-3 (a) z = (x 170)/2, z 1.645;
(b) 1.260 < 1.645, do not reject H0 ;
(c) 0.1038.
= 0.259.
1
52
52
8.4-1 (a) 55 < 47.08, reject H0 ; (b) 0.0296;
(c) 9 < 10, do not reject H0 ; (d) p-value = 0.1334.
8.4-3 (a) y = 17, p-value = 0.0539;
(b) w = 171, p-value = 0.0111;
(c) t = 2.608, p-value = 0.0077.
8.4-5 w = 54, z = 1.533, p-value = 0.0626 for a one-sided
alternative, do not reject H0 .
8.4-7 (a) z 1.282;
(b) w = 66, reject H0 ;
(c) p-value = 0.0207, making a unit correction for
continuity.
8.4-9 (a) w = 145 > 130.9 or z = 3.024 > 1.96, reject H0 ;
p-value 0.0025.
8.4-11 (a) C = {w : w 79 or w 131}, 0.0539, w =
95, do not reject H0 .
8.4-13 (a) C = {w : w 79 or w 131}, 0.0539, w =
107.5, p-value = 0.8798, do not reject H0 .
8.4-15 C = {w : w 184 or w 280}, 0.0489, w = 241,
do not reject H0 .
8.4-17 (a) w = 71, reject H0 , p-value = 0.0057;
(b) w = 101, do not reject H0 , p-value = 0.7913;
(c) w = 108, do not reject H0 , p-value = 0.8501.
8.4-19 (b) w = 223.5 < 224.25, reject H0 ;
(c) p-value 0.01;
(d) Reject H0 ;
(e) The p-values are approximately equal.
22.5
; = 0.0478;
8.5-1 (a) K() =
3/2
(b) x = 24.1225 > 22.5, do not reject H0 ;
(c) 0.2793.
510.77
;
15
72 =
(b) = 0.10;
(c) 0.5000;
(d) (i) 0.0655, (ii) 0.0150.
8.5-5 n = 25, c = 1.6.
8.5-7 n = 40, c = 678.38.
25
25 y
p (1 p)25y , 0.40 p 1.0;
8.5-9 (a) K(p) =
y
y=14
72 =
i=1
n
6
=
i=1 xi +
m
n+m
i=1 yi ,
n
2
i=1 (xi x) +
m
2
i=1 (yi y) .
xy
;
m
2
2
i=1 (xi x) +
i=1 (yi y)
t = c
n
.
n+m
X = x, 6
Y = y,
When H1 is true, 6
n
m
1
1
7
7
(xi x)2 , Y2 =
(yi y)2 .
X2 =
n
m
i=1
8.6-9 K( ) = P(Y 1) = (1 )5 + 5 (1 )4 =
(1 )4 (1 + 4), 0 < 1/2.
8.7-1 (a) |1.80| > 1.645, reject H0 ;
(b) |1.80| < 1.96, do not reject H0 ;
(c) p-value = 0.0718.
x 230
8.7-3 (a) x 230 + 10z / n or
z ;
10/ n
(b) Yes; (c) 1.04 < 1.282, do not reject H0 ; (d)
p-value = 0.1492.
8.7-5 (a) |2.10| < 2.306, do not reject H0 ; 0.05 < p-value
< 0.10.
8.7-7 2.20 > 1.282, reject H0 ; p-value = 0.0139.
8.7-9 (a) When X = Y = and X2 = Y2 = 2 ,
n+m
)2
i=1 (yi 6
.
i=1
i=1
m
n+m
1
=
,
2 (n+m)/2
{1 + (x y)2 /[ ni=1 (xi x)2 + m
i=1 (yi y) ]}
x c;
(b) n = 43, c = 78.
n
L(3)
k if and only if
xi (15/2)[ln(k)
8.6-3 (a)
L(5)
ln(k) + n(0.05 )
= c;
ln(0.5/)
10
xi 9.
(b)
)2 +
i=1 (xi 6
When X = Y and X2 = Y2 = 2 ,
Y = y,
6
X = x, 6
(b) = 0.0778;
(c) 0.1827, 0.3450, 0.7323, 0.9558, 0.9985, 1.0000;
(e) Yes;
(f) 0.0344.
8.5-11 With n = 130, c =
8.5, 0.055, 0.094.
n
6
624n
L(80)
= exp
xi
8.6-1 (a)
k or
L(76)
128
128
ln(5/3)n ] = c;
(b) x 4.15;
(c) x 4.15;
(d) Yes.
L(50)
(72) ln(k)
8.6-5 (a)
k if and only if x
+
L(1 )
2n(1 50)
50 + 1
= c.
2
n
L(0.5)
xi
k if and only if
8.6-7 (a)
L()
n
i=1
(n + m)(n+m)/2
nn/2 mm/2
i=1
$
%
m (y y)2 / n (x x)2 m/2
i=1 i
i=1 i
.
n
2
2 (n+m)/2
1+ m
i=1 (yi y) / i=1 (xi x)
=
(yi
n
2
n
i=1 xi
i=1
#n/2
"
1
.
=
62 n x2 / n (yi
6xi )2
1+
i=1 i
i=1
n
2
6
i=1 xi
(b) is a function T = c
,
n
6 2
i=1 (yi xi )
a t random variable with n 1 degrees of freedom.
Chapter 9
9.1-1 6.25 < 7.815, do not reject if = 0.05; p-value
0.10.
9.1-3 7.60 < 16.92, do not reject H0 .
9.1-5 (a) q3 7.815;
(b) q3 = 1.744 < 7.815, do not reject H0 .
(b)
Source
SS
DF
Treatment 1.6092
MS
p-value
Error
3.0470 24 0.1270
Total
4.6562 26
9.3-5 (a)
Source
SS
DF
Treatment 31.112
MS
2 15.556 22.33
Error
29.261 42
Total
60.372 44
Test
0.697
DF
MS
p-value
Treatment 3214.9
Error
2088.0
Total
5302.9 11
261.0
DF
84.899
298.072
Interaction
SS
Smoking History
0.000
Source
Source
p-value
2.815
MS
p-value
42.449 12.90
0.000
2 149.036 45.28
0.000
0.704
0.927
3.291
Error
59.247
18
Total
445.032
26
0.21
22 Design
9.5-1
Run
AB
Observations
X1
X2
X3
X4
(a)
9.7-5 (b) E( Y ) =
n
2
2;
n1
2
Y
so E(S) =
(c) S =
n1
n
2
.
2
n1
n 1
2