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Advanced Technical Skills (ATS) North America

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SVC DH8 and V7.3 Code Updates

Byron Grossnickle
N.A. Storage Specialty Team

2014 IBM Corporation

Advanced Technical Skills (ATS) North America

Agenda
New 2145-DH8 Hardware
Software Enhancements in SVC Version 7.3

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SAN Volume Controller

2145-DH8 HARDWARE

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Enhancements in SVC DH8


No separate node UPS required
Avoids mis-cabling issues; data center daisy-chained UPS concerns

Dual, redundant (n+1) PSUs


No external redundant AC power switch

Two boot drives


Boot data mirrored: node will still boot in presence of drive failure
Dump data striped for performance

Superior system set-up


Do not have to input IP addresses via front panel

Up to 12 Host I/O ports


Allows traffic separation
Variable types

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SVC DH8 Front View

Boot drives
2 300GB 10K SAS

System indicators

Battery 1
Battery 2

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SVC DH8 Internal View


PCIe Riser cards

PSUs

DIMMs
CPU

Fans

Boot drives
Batteries

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SVC DH8 Hardware Overview


8-core CPU with 32GB memory for SVC
Intel E5-2650V2 - 2.6 GHz Ivy Bridge processor

Minimum 1 HIC for I/O


Can add a 2nd I/O HIC, and SAS HIC on this CPU

2nd CPU is optional


Comes with extra 32GB memory

Required for RTC

system battery

CPU1

Boot / dump drives

QPI

CPU2

SVC

RTC

PCIe Gen3

PCIe Gen3

Required to access 3rd I/O HIC


At least 1 Compression Accelerator card
required for RTC

Note: PCI-E Gen3 is roughly double PCI-E Gen-2 used


in previous models, 985MB/s vs 500MB/s full duplex. 8
lanes per slot gives @ 8GB per slot

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SVC DH8 Rear View


PCIe expansion slots

Mgmt ports

Slot 1

Slot 4

Slot 2

Slot 5

Slot 3

Slot 6

1 Gb iSCSI ports

750W PSUs

4 USB ports

Technician Port

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SVC - Flexibility
Item

Min

Max in R1

CPU

1x 8-core Ivy Bridge

2x 8-core Ivy Bridge

Memory

32GB

64GB

FC / 10 Gbps Ethernet cards

3*

12 Gb SAS cards

Compression accelerator cards

Boot drives

Supported GA configurations 3 variants

Memory

CPU

No. I/O
cards

Number of Compression cards

Compression support

32GB

1x 8 core

1 to 2

NO

64GB

2x 8 core

1 to 3 *

NO

64GB

2x 8 core

1 to 3 *

1-2

YES

* Support 3 FC cards, but only one 10Gbps Ethernet card for R1


* Extra 32GB of RAM and the right hand card slot require a 2nd CPU to be installed. If 2nd CPU
is not installed the user cant use the extra memory or half the expansion cards
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SVC - Flexibility
Top of Node
CPU 1 attach

CPU 2 attach

1 I/O card (FC only)

4 Compression Accelerator
card

2 I/O card

5 I/O card

3 SAS (for expansion)

6 Compression Accelerator
card

There must be at least one Host I/O card but it does not have to be in a particular slot.
The 10 Gbps Ethernet card will not fit in PCIe expansion slot 1 or slot 4 but that will be fixed in
the future.

The SAS card should be in slot 3


It is harder to remove an SFP from slot 1 or slot 4, so if there is only one HIC and one
microprocessor it is best to put the HIC in slot 2
A compression card can be in any slot connected to the second microprocessor (i.e. in PCI
express riser card assembly 2 nearest the PSUs)

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10Gb Ethernet Card (FCoE and iSCSI)


The new 4x port 10GbE card will only be supported in the new SVC DH8 and in the Storwize V7000 2076 -524
The card is delivered with the SFPs fitted, unless it is a FRU.
In SVC 7.3.0 we will only support 1 x 10GbE adapter in each of the platforms (see above)
Only IBM supported 10Gb SFPs should be used
Each adapter port has amber and green coloured LED to indicate port status (fault LED is not used in 7.3.0.)

Green LED

Meaning

On

Link established

Off

No link

iSCSI access to volumes is possible via the customers 10 Gbps Ethernet network.
FCoE frame routing should be done by FCoE Switch
SVC doesn't support multihop FCoE

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Compression accelerator adapter


Up to a total of 2 compression accelerator adapters can be installed, each additional
adapter installed will improve I/O performance when using compressed volumes
Intel QuickAssist technology is used. IBM is the first in the industry to integrate this technology into
our products

2nd CPU and extra 32 GB of memory are compulsory with the compression accelerator adapter

The use of compression accelerator adapters is compulsory (at least one) if users
wish to use compression on SVC DH8.
For an I/O group containing a SVC DH8 with no compression accelerator, an attempt to create first
compressed volume will fail.
The addnode command will also fail, if trying to add a SVC DH8 without a compression accelerator, to
an I/O group which has compressed volumes

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SVC DH8: Compression Support


Base hardware:

No RTC support

Add hardware option 1: 2nd CPU, 1x Compression Accelerator adapter + 32GB


memory:

8 cores dedicated to RTC

1 Compression Accelerator adapter

38GB memory for compression stack (32 additional + 6 from the SVC stack)

Additional hardware option 2: 2nd Compression Accelerator

8 cores dedicated to RTC (same as for option 1)

2 Compression Accelerator adapters (doubles bandwidth)

38GB memory for compression stack (32 additional + 6 from the SVC stack)

Note: The 2nd CPU is required to open the PCIe lanes as well as schedule traffic
into and out of the compression accelerator cards

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SVC DH8 Expansion Enclosure 2145 24F


With R1 and 730 support 2 expansion enclosures per I/O Group
Ports 1 and 3 of the 12 Gb SAS card can be used to attach 2U24 Expansion enclosures of
flash drives

Expansion enclosures are physically identical to the V7000 Gen2 expansion enclosures,
but will have a different product ID
SVC DH8 cannot use the V7000 Gen2 expansion enclosures, V7000 Gen2 cannot use the
SVC DH8 expansion enclosure

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Expansion Enclosures SAS Attach

Node 1

Node 2

IO Group

Expansion Enclosure 1

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Expansion Enclosure 2

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SVC CG8 vs DH8

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Attribute
(per node)

SVC CG8

SVC DH8

CPU

2X 6 cores Westmere

2x 8- cores Ivy Bridge

Controller memory

24GB to 48GB

32GB to 64GB

Host I/O

2x 1GbE
4x to 8x - 8Gb FC
2x 10GbE
(2 card max)

3x 1GbE
0 to 12x - 8Gb FC
0 to 4x 10GbE
(3 I/O card max)

Compression
resources

8 cores (with 2nd CPU fitted) 8 cores (with 2nd CPU fitted)
1 or 2 Compression Accelerator
Card

Drive expansion

4 flash drive local to node


(RAID 0,1,10 only)

48 flash drives shared by 2 nodes


(RAID 0,1,5,6,10)

SAS fabric

6Gb SAS

12Gb SAS

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Technician Port (1)


Technician port is marked with a T (Ethernet port 4)

Technician port is used for the Initialization of the system

As soon the system is installed and the user connects to the Technician Port he will be directed to the new Init tool welcome panel

This port will run a dedicated DHCP server in order to facilitate service/maintenance and out of box in lieu of the front panel
Service IP will NOT be associated with the Technician Port, but will continue to be assigned to Ethernet port 1 (lowest Ethernet
port for management)

* If the users laptop has DHCP configured, nearly all do, it will automatically configure to bring up Initization screen
* If they do not have DHCP they will need to set IP of their Ethernet adapter to 192.168.0.2 192.168.0.20
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Technician Port (2)

2) Waiting panel, while the


system initialization completes

1) Example if the enclosure has a


stored cluster ID, while attempting to
create a cluster

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Technician Port (3)

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SVC DH8: Hardware Upgrade (1)


The existing system software must be at a version that supports the new
node
If a node is being replaced by a 2145 DH8, the system software version must be v7.3.0 or later

If the node being replaced is a CG8, CF8 or 8A4 and the replacement node
is a DH8 then the replacement node must have a four port FC card in slot 1.
If the node being replaced has a second I/O card in addition to the required
FC card, then the replacement node must have the same card in slot 2
SVC DH8 will use the new 80c product ID, that provides the ability for a new
scheme of WWNN/WWPNs
Native 'WWPNs' follow:
500507680c <S><P> XXXX

Where <S> is the PCIe slot number (1-6) and <P> is the port number in that slot (1-4)
XXXX is the sequence number of the SVC DH8 assigned at manufacturing which may be changed by
the user if needed for migration

WWNN has <S><P><0>

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SVC DH8: Hardware Upgrade (2)


New Scheme for SVC DH8

Upgrading to SVC DH8

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Best Practice Port Designations

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SVC - 2 Node (1IOG) Performance


SVC CG8

SVC DH8

Cache Read MB/s

6,050

17,000

Cache Write MB/s

3,500

7,000

Cache Read IOPs

800,000

1,150,000

Cache Write IOPs

300,000

500,000

Disk Read MB/s

5,380

14,000

Disk Write MB/s

2,800

4,000

Disk Read IOPs

365,000

700,000

Disk Write IOPs

115,000

200,000

70/30 Mixed IOPs

200,000

395,000

SUMMARY: DH8 is 2x IOPs and up to 3x MB/s of CG8


SVC tests use FlashSystem 840 and 820 backend storage controllers
DH8 includes all 3 FC I/O Cards scales linearly from 1, through 3 for bandwidth
Requires 2 cards for max IOPs 1 card approx half, or roughly CG8 equivalent

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SVC Compression Performance (One I/O Group)

Compressed

SVC CG8

New SVC DH8

Read Miss IOPS

2,600-50,000

71,000-175,000

Write Miss IOPS

1,200-16,000

28,000-115,000

DB-like

2,200-40,000

59,000-149,000

Compressed performance shows a range depending on I/O distribution


Compressed performance is better than uncompressed in some cases
because of fewer I/Os to drives and additional cache benefits
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Statements of Direction

IBM intends to enhance the new SVC engine and new Storwize V7000 to
support 16 Gb Fibre Channel connectivity
The second CPU with 32 GB memory feature on SVC Storage Engine Model
DH8 provides performance benefit only when Real-time Compression is
used. IBM intends to enhance IBM Storwize Family Software for SVC to
extend support of this feature to also benefit uncompressed workloads.

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SAN Volume Controller

V7.3 UPDATES

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Storwize Family Software Version 7.3


New Storwize V7000 Unit
2X performance
2X connectivity
Up to 1056 drives (clustered)
Can be clustered with Gen 1 models

New cache design


Easy Tier v3
Storage Pool Balancing

Miscellaneous Enhancements

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New cache design - why re-architect?


More scalable for the future
Required for supporting more volumes

Required for support more nodes in the cluster


Required for 64 bit user addressing beyond 28 GB
Required for larger memory sizes in nodes/canisters
Required for more CPU cores

Reduces # of IOPs copy services do directly to the back end storage


Most beneficial to Storwize systems

Minimizes FlashCopy prepare time to a second or less


RtC benefits from the cache underneath
Read-Only cache mode
In addition to the read/write or none available today

Switch preferred node of a volume with-in same I/O group

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Cache Architecture pre-V7.3.x


FWL = Forwarding Layer

Host I/O
Volume Mirror

FWL
Front End
TP/RtC

FWL

Remote Copy
FWL

Cache

FWL

TP/RtC

Virtualization

Virtualization

RAID 1/5/6/10

RAID 1/5/6/10

Backend

Backend

FlashCopy

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Cache Architecture V7.3.x


FWL = Forwarding Layer

Host I/O
Volume Mirror

FWL
Front End
TP/RtC

FWL

Remote Copy

Upper Cache

FWL

FWL

TP/RtC

Lower Cache

Lower Cache

Virtualization

Virtualization

RAID 1/5/6/10

RAID 1/5/6/10

Backend

Backend

FlashCopy

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Upper Cache
Simple 2-way write cache between node pair of the I/O group
This is its primary function
Receives write
Transfers to secondary node of the I/O group
Destages to lower cache

Very limited read cache


This is mainly provided by the lower cache

Same sub-millisecond response time


Partitioned the same way as the original cache

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Lower Cache
Advanced 2-way write between node pair of an I/O group
Primary read cache
Write caching for host i/o as well as advanced function i/o

Read/write caching is beneath copy servies for vastly


improved performance to FlashCopy, Thin Provisioning, RtC
and Volume Mirroring

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Upper Cache Allocation - Fixed


4GB V3700 128MB
All other Platforms 256MB

The rest of the cache is designated to the lower cache

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Changing preferred node in 7.3


In 7.3 the movevdisk command can be used to change the preferred node in the i/o
group
Prior to 7.3, this could not be done without using Non Disruptive Volume Move (NDVM) between i/o
groups
If no new i/o group is specified, the volume will stay in the same i/o group but will change to the
preferred node specified.

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SVC Enhanced Stretch Cluster Old Cache Design


Site1
Preferred Node

Site2
Non-Preferred Node

IO group Node Pair

Cache

Cache
Write Data

Destage
Data is replicated twice over ISL
Mirror

Copy2

Copy 1

Storage at Site 1

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Storage at Site 2

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SVC Enhanced Stretch Cluster New Cache Design (7.3)


Site1
Preferred Node

IO group Node Pair

Site2
Non-Preferred Node

Write Data with location


UC

UC

Destage

Reply with location


Data is replicated
once across ISL

Mirror

Copy 1
Preferred

Copy 2
Non preferred

LC_1

Copy 1 Non preferred


LC_1

LC_ 2

Token write data


message with
location

Destage

Storage at Site 1

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Copy 2
Preferred

LC_ 2
Destage

Storage at Site 2

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Stretch Clustered Old Cache with compression at both


Site1
Preferred Node

IO group Node Pair

Site2
Non-Preferred Node

Uncompressed Write Data


CA

CA

Destage
Mirror
Data is replicated twice over ISL.1 x compressed
1 x uncompressed
Cmp

Cmp

Mdisk FW

Compressed Write Data

Storage at Site 1
Storage at Site 2
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Enhanced Stretch Cluster with compression at both (7.3)


Site1
Preferred Node

IO group Node Pair

Site2
Non-Preferred Node

Uncompressed Write Data

UCA

UCA

Destage
Data is replicated three times over ISL.
1 x uncompressed, 2 x compressed
RtC changes buffer location, invalidates UCA location.

Mirror

Copy 1
Preferred

Copy 1 Non preferred

Copy 2
Non preferred

LCA1

LCA 2

Copy 2 Preferred
Cmp'd Write data Copy 1

LCA1
LCA 2

Cmp'd Write data Copy 2

Destage

Storage at Site 1
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Destage

Storage at Site 2
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Easy Tier v3: Support for up to 3 Tiers


Support any combination of 1-3 tiers
MDisks in SVC will always show up as Enterprise tier
Unless using SSD Expansion drawer, you must designate tier on SVC

On other members of the Storwize family the tier of internal disk is known
ENT is Enterprise 15K/10K SAS or FC and NL is NL-SAS 7.2K or SATA

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Tier 0

Tier 1

Tier2

Flash/SSD

ENT

NL

Flash/SSD

ENT

NONE

Flash/SSD

NL

NONE

NONE

ENT

NL

Flash/SSD

NONE

NONE

NONE

ENT

NONE

NONE

NONE

NL
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Easy Tier: Workload Skew Drives Benefits


100
90

50% of the extents do 10% of the MB and


virtually no random IOPS!

80

Percent of workload

70
60
50
40

58% of the random IOPS and 33% of the


MB from about 5% of the extents!

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20
10
0
0

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

75

80

85

90

95

100

Percent of extents
40

Percent of small Ios

Percent of MB

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Easy Tier v3: Planning


Deploy flash and enterprise disk for performance

Grow capacity with low cost disk

Flash Arrays

Moves data automatically between tiers


New volumes will use extents from Tier 1 initially

If no free Tier 1 capacity then Tier 2 will be used if available,


otherwise capacity comes from Tier 0

Less Active Data


Migrates Down

Active Data
Migrates Up

Best to keep some free extents in pool and Easy Tier


will attempt to keep some free per Tier

Plan for one extent times the number of MDisks in the storage pool
plus 16 as Easy Tier will try to keep some extents free in Tiers 0 and
1 if possible
E.G. 20 MDisks in an Easy Tier storage pool with either two or 3
MDisk tiers

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HDD Arrays

(20*1) + 16 = 36 extents free in the pool if possible

Note that as long as one extent free in the pool Easy Tier can
operate

If no free extents in the pool then nothing will change until more
capacity is added to the pool

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Easy Tier v3: Automated Storage Pool Balancing


Any storage medium
has a performance
threshold:
Performance threshold means
once IOPS on a MDisk exceed this
threshold, IO response time will
increase significantly

Knowing the
performance threshold
we could:
Avoid overloading MDisks by
migrating extents
Protect upper tier's performance
by demoting extents when upper
tier's MDisks are overloaded
Balance workload within tiers
based on utilization
Use xml file to record the MDisks
threshold and make intelligent
migration decisions automatically

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Easy Tier v3: Automated Storage Pool Balancing


XML files have stanzas for various drive classes, RAID types/widths and workload
characteristics to determine MDisk thresholds
Internal drives on Storwize systems we are aware of so more stanzas for them
Externally virtualized LUNs we dont know what is behind them so based on controller

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SVC Requires Hints


SVC knows what storage array a particular MDisk is coming
from, but that is all
SVC does NOT own the disks and therefore does not definitively know
the performance characteristics
Unlike the other members of the Storwize family that own their drives

By default, all MDisks will be marked as Enterprise. You must


manually designate the tier to which each MDisk belongs.
Flash
Enterprise
Near Line

From these 2 things ET will use the XML file to know how
hard to drive a particular MDisk

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Easy Tier Adjustments


If Easy Tier happens to guess wrong, the workload of a
particular MDisk can be adjusted with the chmdisk command
from the command line

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Easy Tier v3: Automated Storage Pool Balancing


Configuration:

Drive

MDisk

Volume

Comments

24 - 300GB 15K RPM Drives

3 - RAID-5 arrays

Vol_0, Vol_1, Vol_2, Vol_3


each 32GB capacity

Total MDisk size 5.44TB


Total Volume size 128GB
All Volumes are created on MDisk0
initially

Performance improved by balancing workload across all 3 MDisks:

Provided as basic storage functionality, no requirement for an Easy Tier license


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Easy Tier v3: STAT Tool

Provides recommendations on adding additional tier capacity and performance impact

Tier 0: Flash
Tier 1: Enterprise disk (15K and 10K)
Tier 2: Near-line disk (7.2K)

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Easy Tier v3: Workload Skew Curve


Generate the skew report of the workload
The workload skew report can be directly read by Disk Magic

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0x0001 0x00040x0005

1
1
2
1
0

0x0000

Pool and Tier

Easy Tier v3: Workload Categorization

2
1
0
0

5000

49

10000

15000
Active

20000
ActiveLG

Extents
Low

25000

Inactive

30000
Unallocated

35000

40000
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EasyTier v3: Data Movement Daily Report


Generate a daily (24hours) CSV formatted report of Easy Tier data movements

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Miscellaneous Enhancements
All pool settings can now be changed from the GUI
Read only cache mode on volumes
512 compressed volumes per i/o group now allowed with the 2145DH8

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Notes:
Performance is in Internal Throughput Rate (ITR) ratio based on measurements and projections using standard IBM benchmarks in a controlled environment. The actual throughput that any user will
experience will vary depending upon considerations such as the amount of multiprogramming in the user's job stream, the I/O configuration, the storage configuration, and the workload processed.
Therefore, no assurance can be given that an individual user will achieve throughput improvements equivalent to the performance ratios stated here.
IBM hardware products are manufactured from new parts, or new and serviceable used parts. Regardless, our warranty terms apply.
All customer examples cited or described in this presentation are presented as illustrations of the manner in which some customers have used IBM products and the results they may have achieved. Actual
environmental costs and performance characteristics will vary depending on individual customer configurations and conditions.
This publication was produced in the United States. IBM may not offer the products, services or features discussed in this document in other countries, and the information may be subject to change without
notice. Consult your local IBM business contact for information on the product or services available in your area.
All statements regarding IBM's future direction and intent are subject to change or withdrawal without notice, and represent goals and objectives only.
Information about non-IBM products is obtained from the manufacturers of those products or their published announcements. IBM has not tested those products and cannot confirm the performance,
compatibility, or any other claims related to non-IBM products. Questions on the capabilities of non-IBM products should be addressed to the suppliers of those products.
Prices subject to change without notice. Contact your IBM representative or Business Partner for the most current pricing in your geography.

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