Professional Documents
Culture Documents
By
Dr. Jorge Salgado Gomes
Lecture Outcome
History of
Formation Testers
FT
Formation
Tester
RFT
Repeat
Formation Tester
MDT Modular
Formation Dynamics
Tester
Electrical Power
Hydraulic Power
Probe
Dual-probe
Flow control
Optical Fluid Analyzer
Multisample
Sample
Sample
Pumpout
1955 - 1975
1975 - Present
1991 - Present
New Generation
Dual
Packer
Probe Configuration
Single Probe
Multi-Probe
Dual Packer
Different Configurations
Schematic Diagram
MDT in the wellbore
wireline
Borehole
wall
Observation
Probe. Measures
Vertical permeability
Hydraulic pistons to
push the tool
against the formation
Probe
Probes
KV
KH
Formation
fluids
enter the
tool
3/4/2013
Chap -1
Applications: Permeability
Applications
- Permeability determination
-Guard probe sampling
-Bulk Compressibility
(being developed)
KV
Horizontal Observation
Probe
KH
Flow
Pulse
Vertical Observation
Probe
+ 78 5/8"
+ 61 7/8", Top of
Packer Module
MRMU-BA
MRPACA & DA
MRML-BA
MRSECA & DA
Different Combinations
Layer 3
Layer 2
Layer 1
Pressure Recording
on RFT
Graphical representation
of fluids in the reservoir
from OH log interpretation
Graphical representation of
capillary pressure (Pc) versus
depth
Pressure in (psi)
3450
3500
3550
3600
3650
3700
gas
2300
gas
0.09 psi/ft
GOC
Depth in meters
2350
oil
oil
0.35 psi/ft
2400
Transition zone:
Water saturation
Increases with depth
OWC ?
2450
FWL
water
water
2500
3400
2250
0.45 psi/ft
Swi
FWL; difficult
to establish with
OH logs. MDT is
required.
Water Saturation
Separation OWC-FWL
Due to treshold
pressure
Reservoir Continuity
Effect of Depletion on
Pressure Profile
Courtesy of Schlumberger
RFT Gauges
Accuracy & Resolution
ACCURACY
Strain Gauge 0.41% FS
(TCO 0.13% = 13 psi)
HP gauge 0.5 psi (?)
CQG (MDT) 2 psi + 0.01% reading
RESOLUTION
Strain Gauge 1 psi
Quartz Gauge 0.01 psi
REPEATABILITY
Strain Gauge 0.06% FS
Quartz Gauge 0.1 psi
Sampling
Numerous Samples (over 30
possible!!)
Pump-out Capability
Cleanup prior to sampling
Flowline Resistivity
Optical Fluid Analysis
Real-time downhole fluid
differentiation
Transportable Sample Bottles
Flow Control capability
Dual Packer
Low Shock sampling
Single Phase sampling
Nitrogen gas charge to
maintain sample at downhole
pressure