EXAMPLE 1

In the diagram, O is the centre of the circle and

AOB is a straight line.
Find the value of x.
Solution:

Find the value of x.

EXAMPLE 2

Solution:

3.3 CYCLIC QUADRILATERALS

A cyclic quadrilateral is a quadrilateral whose vertices lie on

the circumference of a circle.

The vertices are con-cyclic.

The four sides of a cyclic quadrilateral are chords of the circle.

The sum of its interior angles is 360 degrees.

The interior opposite angles are supplementary = 180

degrees.

The exterior angle is equal to its corresponding interior

opposite angle.

EXAMPLE 1

In the diagram, PQRS is a cyclic quadrilateral.

Find the value of x + y.
Solution:

PRS is a triangle.

Therefore, x + y

EXAMPLE 2

In the diagram, O is the centre of the circle.

ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral and ADE is a
straight line.
Find the value of x.
Solution:

CHAPTER 4
STATISTICS II

4.1 PIE CHART

Pie chart is a chart which using sectors of a circle to

represent the data.

In a pie chart, the angle of a sector is proportional to

the frequency of each data category.

Therefore, interpretation of data is based on the angle

of each sector.

A pie chart uses the area of each sector of a circle to

represent relative quantities.

EXAMPLE 1
Housing estate
Taman Merah

Number of
Workers
4

Taman Perpaduan

10

Taman UK Raya

Taman Sentosa

Taman Indah

12

Total

40

The table shows the distribution of

workers among the housing estates
where they live.
Represent the data in a pie chart.
Solution:
Taman Merah:

Taman Perpaduan:

Taman UK Raya:

Taman Sentosa:

Taman Indah:

Hence,

EXAMPLE 2

The pie chart shows the annual profits

of four companies, P, Q, R and S, in a
certain year.the profit earned by
company P is one million ringgit while
the profits earned by company S and
company Q are the same.
Calculate the profit earned by
company Q.

Solution:
Angle of sector S = Angle of sector Q
Let angle of sector Q = x
Therefore,

Profit earned by company P

= RM1 000 000
Angle of sector for P = 20 degrees

Hence, the profit earned by company Q

is RM4 000 000.

4.2 MEASURE OF CENTRAL TENDENCY

The most commonly used measures of central tendency

are mode, median or mean.

They are also called averages.

The mode is the value or item which occurs most

frequently in a set of data.

The median is the middle value of a set of data arranged

in an ascending or a descending order.

The mean of a set of data is the sum of all the values of

data divided by the number of data.

EXAMPLE 1

MODE

Score

Frequency

The frequency table shows the scores

obtained by a group of students.
The mode is 2 because its frequency is
the highest.

EXAMPLE 2

MODE

April

May

June

July

represents 5 computers
The pictogram shows the sales of
computers of a company in 4 months.
The mode is June because it has the
highest frequency.

Score
0
1
2
3
4
5

EXAMPLE 3

MEDIAN

Frequency
2
6
3
5
3
2

The frequency table shows the scores

obtained by a group of 21 participants
in a competition.
Find the median score.
Number of data = 21, an odd number
Therefore, the median score is the 11th
value in the set of data in ascending
order, that is 2.

Given a set of 8 numbers.

3, 5, 2, 5, 6, 4, 3, 8
Find the median. Arrange in ascending
order.

EXAMPLE 4

Solution:

MEDIAN
There are 2 values in the middle.
Therefore, median

Score
0
1
2
3
4
5

EXAMPLE 5

MEAN

Frequency
3
2
5
6
3
1

The frequency table shows the scores

obtained by a group of students in a
college.
Find the mean score.
Solution:
Sum of values of data

CHAPTER 5
INDICES

5.1 INDICES

In Form 2 syllabus, we learnt that

In the index notation of

the index or exponent.

In general,

, 5 is the base and 2 is

is read as 'a to the power of n'.

EXAMPLES

5.2 MULTIPLICATION INVOLVING INDEX NOTATIONS

Index notations with the same base.

EXAMPLES
Simplify the following.

Index notations with different bases.

EXAMPLES

5.3 DIVISION INVOLVING INDEX NOTATIONS

Index notations with the same base.

EXAMPLES

Index notations with different bases.

EXAMPLES