ENGINEERING MATERIAL SPECIFICATION

FLUID, AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION

1.

WSS-M2C938-A

SCOPE
The material defined by this specification is for factory fill automatic transmission fluid (ATF) composed of
base oil and additives.

2.

APPLICATION

This specification is released for factory fill application (including top offs) of various automatic
transmissions.
3.

REQUIREMENTS

Material specification requirements are to be used for initial qualification of materials.

3.1

STANDARD REQUIREMENTS FOR PRODUCTION MATERIALS

Material suppliers and part producers must conform to the Company's Standard Requirements for
Production Materials (WSS-M99P1111-A).

3.2

COLOR
(ISO 2092)

3.3

VISCOSITY

Red

New/Fresh fluid
At 100 C
At -40 C

(ASTM D 445)
(ASTM D 2983)

Shear Stability (CEC L-45-T93)

After 20 hrs KRL, KV at 100 C
After 40 hrs KRL, KV at 100 C

3.4

3.5

6.2 mm2/sec (max.)

12000 mPas (max.)
5.5 mm2/s, min
5.0 mm2/s, min

Evaporation loss, 150 C, 2 hr, max.

(Modified NOACK Test)

10%

After NOACK Test, Viscosity at -40 C

2000 mPa.s max change

FLASH POINT
(ASTM D 92)

180 C (min)

DENSITY (at 15 C)

0.841 gm/cc +/- 0.005

Date
2007 12 18

Action
Revised

2007 04 19

Revised

2005 12 02

Activated

Printed copies are uncontrolled

Revisions
Revised 3.16

C. Ved

Revised 3.3, 3.5, 3.6, 3.9.1, 3.9.2, 3.9.3, 3.9.4, 3.9.5, 3.9.6, 3.9.7, 3.10,
3.12.1, 3.12.3, 3.12.4, 3.15.1 table, 3.15.2, 3.15.4 & 3.15.5
C. Ved
C. Ved
Copyright 2007 Ford Global Technologies, LLC

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ENGINEERING MATERIAL SPECIFICATION

WSS-M2C938-A
3.6

ANTI FOAMING PROPERTIES

(ASTM D 892)
Sequence I

50/0 ml (max)

Sequence II

50/0 ml (max)

Sequence III

50/0 ml (max)

Sequence IV (ASTM D 6082-01)

100/0 ml (max)

3.7

COPPER STRIP, max

(ISO 2160/ASTM D 130, 3 h at 150 C, no water added)

1b

3.8

NONCORROSION AND NONRUSTING PROPERTIES

(ASTM D 665, Procedure A, 24 h)

No visible rust

3.9

ELASTOMER COMPATIBILITY
3.9.1

ATRR-101 Nitrile after aging 168 h at 150 +/- 3 C per ASTM D 471, para 6.1, with
aluminum block, must be within the limits below:
.
.

3.9.2

Volume Change from original

Hardness, Durometer A
Change from original

0 to 6%
+/- 5

ATRR-300 Silicone after aging 240 h at 163 +/- 3 C per ASTM D 471, para 6.1, with
aluminum block must be within the limits below:
.
.

3.9.4

-3 to 4%
0 to 10

ATRR-201 Polyacrylic, after aging 70 h at 163 +/- 3 C in per ASTM D 471, para 6.1,
with aluminum block, must be within the limits below:
.
.

3.9.3

Volume Change from original

Hardness, Durometer A
Change from original

Volume Change from original

Hardness, Durometer A
Change from original

20 to 48%
-40 to -15

ATRR-400 Fluoroelastomer after aging 240 h at 163 +/- 3 C per ASTM D 471,
para 6.1, with aluminum block, must be within the limits below:
.
.

Printed copies are uncontrolled

Volume Change from original

Hardness, Durometer A
Change from original

Copyright 2007, Ford Global Technologies, LLC

0 to 4%
+/- 8

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ENGINEERING MATERIAL SPECIFICATION

WSS-M2C938-A
3.9.5

ATRR-500 Ethylene-Acrylic after aging 240 h at 163 +/- 3 C per ASTM D 471,
para 6.1, with aluminum block, must be within the limits below:
.
.

3.9.6

Volume Change from original

Hardness, Durometer A
Change from original

5 to 35%
-30 to 0

ATRR-700 Hydrogenated Nitrile after aging 240 hrs. in candidate fluid at 163 +/-1 C
per ASTM D 471, para 6.1, with aluminum block, must be within the limits below:
.
.

3.10

5 to 15%
+/- 5

ATRR-600 Hypalon after aging 240 hrs. in candidate fluid at 163 +/-1 C per ASTM
D 471, para 6.1, with aluminum block or fluid bath, must be within the limits below:
.
.

3.9.7

Volume Change from original

Hardness, Durometer A
Change from original

Volume Change from original

Hardness, Durometer A
Change from original

-2 to 4%
0 to 5

ODOR
The fluid manufactured to this specification shall meet the Automatic Transmission Operations
Odor Test procedure. The fluids shall be found to be acceptable when it receives an
acceptability rating of 2 or less. The Automatic Transmission Engineering Operations odor test
procedure can be obtained by written request to:
Ford O H & S Department
Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences
20901 Oakwood Blvd
Dearborn, MI 48124
Tel:
(313) 845-4588

3.11

TOXICITY
The fluid manufactured and formulated to this specification must not contain skin sensitization
components. The entire formulation must be validated by testing, the following specific rigorous
protocol. MSDS must accompany all containers other than tank cars quantities and Ford
Toxicology Identification Number must be prominently displayed.
The protocol details can be obtained by written communication to:
Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences
Central Laboratory Building CPN
15000 Century Drive, Room S-120
Dearborn, MI 48120
Tel:
(313) 322-4113
Fax:
(313) 845-5578
And requesting the following procedure: "Decision Tree: Dermatotoxicology Assessment of
High Production Volume Vehicle Fluids such as Transmission Fluids"

Printed copies are uncontrolled

Copyright 2007, Ford Global Technologies, LLC

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ENGINEERING MATERIAL SPECIFICATION

WSS-M2C938-A
3.12

WEAR
3.12.1

3.12.2

VANE PUMP WEAR TEST, wt. loss, max

(ASTM D 6973 at 80 +/- 3 C, 6.9 mPa)
Four-Ball Wear Test, 40 Kg load, 2 hrs
(ASTM D 4172)
Average Wear Scar Diameter, mm max.
600 RPM, 100 C (Average of 2 tests)
600 RPM, 150 C (Average of 2 tests)

3.12.3

3.12.5

500 lbs, min.

500 lbs, min.

Timken Wear Test, burnish width, mm

(ASTM D 2782)
4.08 kg load, 100 C, 10 minutes
(Average of 2 tests)

0.8 max.
No Scoring

4.08 kg load. 150 C, 10 minutes

(Average of 2 tests)

0.8 max.
No Scoring

FZG Gear wear test, Load Stage Pass

(ASTM D 5182)
1450 RPM, 15 min at 100 C start temperature
1450 RPM, 15 min at 150 C start temperature

3.12.6

0.6
0.6

Falex EP test
(ASTM D 3233)
No seizure load at 100 C, 1 minute
No seizure load at 150 C, 1 minute

3.12.4

10 mg

11
11

Automatic Transmission Planetary Gear Fatigue Test

This dynamometer test procedure shows the fatigue life characteristics of an
automatic transmission gear train and its components. It is recommended for (but not
exclusive to) 1st, 2nd, Rev, and Final Drive gear sets. (Reference CETP: 07.01-L311)

3.12.7

Accelerated Overrunning One Way Clutch Test

No Trenching

Overrun test using clutches (AX4N Low-Intermediate OWC) built with

11 double springs and 3 triple springs.
The inner race rotation is 4500 RPM's and the outer cam is stationary.
Automatic Transmission Fluid is heated to 230 F at 6.5 ml/sec flow rate.
Duration of the test is 10 hours.
Contact: Delphi
Attn: David. Fox (419) 627-7055
3.13

MOISTURE, max
(ISO 3733/ASTM D 95)

Printed copies are uncontrolled

0.05%

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ENGINEERING MATERIAL SPECIFICATION

WSS-M2C938-A
3.14

3.15

OXIDATION TESTS
(FLTM BJ 110-04, 155 C +/- 1)
Lead Coupon Weight Loss, 100 hrs, max

0.5%

Pentane Insolubles, 300 hrs, max

0.35%

Differential Infrared Carbonyl Absorbance

300 hrs, max

15/cm

Total Acid Number Change, 300 hrs, max

1.5

% Viscosity Change at 40 C, 300 hrs, max

10%

Copper Strip Rating, 300 hrs, max

3B

Aluminum Strip Rating, 300 hrs, max.

No Varnish

Sludge, 300 hrs, max.

No Sludge

FRICTIONAL PERFORMANCE TESTS

3.15.1

Clutch Friction Durability

Attachment I
(SAE # 2 machine, 30000 cycles, 135 C with SD1777 & D 530-31 friction material)

Test Criteria
Midpoint Dynamic Coefficients (M)
Low Speed Dynamic Coefficients (E)
Static Breakaway Coefficients
S/D (E/M)

3.15.2

3.15.3

3.15.4

SD-1777 material
0.140 0.165
0.135 0.160
0.110 0.140
0.950 1.100

D 530-31 material
0.14- 0.16
0.14 0.18
0.10 0.15
0.95 1.15

Squawk Performance Test

(GK test rig, BW 6510 friction material)

Attachment II

Fresh ATF
Used/Aged ATF (300 hrs at 150 C or 100 hrs at 170C)

0.6 N/mm2, min pressure

0.5 N/mm2, min pressure

Continuous Slip Evaluation (-V Characterization)

(SAE # 2 machine, SD 1777C friction material)
115 hrs

Attachment III
Pass

Low Speed Friction Evaluation

(LVFA, 0-300 rpm, 120 C, SD-1777, D 530-31 & MS 022 friction materials)
ATF used Fresh & Aged (300 hrs at 150 C or 100 hrs at 170C)
Friction Materials

Coefficient of Friction

SD 1777
D 530-31
MS 022

Printed copies are uncontrolled

0.11 0.14
0.13 0.16
0.10 0.13

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ENGINEERING MATERIAL SPECIFICATION

WSS-M2C938-A
3.15.5

Anti Shudder Durability Test

(SAE # 2 machine with ATF ageing apparatus, SD-1777 & D 531-70H friction
materials)
Test Hrs: 100 hrs

dMu/dV > -10 max.

3.16

CLEANLINESS LEVEL
- /18/15
(ISO 4406. At supplier manufacturing site prior to unloading into shipping containers)

3.17

QUALITY CONTROL/SUPPLIER TESTING

Annual validation required on production sample. Validation is to be completed by the first
week of the fifth month prior to a typical Job 1 date (Approximately 2 months prior to Job 1).
Test required for annual validation are 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6, 3.9, 3.12, 3.14, 3.15.4.
Supplier in-house friction test results are acceptable after concurrence with the Product
engineering design & release / materials section.
Attachment I
Clutch Friction Durability

SAE NO. 2 MACHINE SET-UP PARAMETERS

Temperature:
Pressure:
Velocity:
Energy:
Fill Volume:

135 +/- 3 C
275 +/- 5 kPa
3600 rpm
20740 +/- 100 J
305 mL +/- 5 mL

Total Cycles:

400 for each evaluation pack & 30000 for each durability pack
TEST SEQUENCE

Event Duration

Cumulative Time, s

Operation

10.0 (T1)*

0 to 10.0

High speed (HS) motor on (force released)

5.0 (T1 + T2)*

10.0 to 15.0

Motor off, force applied

5.0 (T4)*

15.0 to 20.0

Motor off, force released

0.5

20.0 to 20.5

Static Drive (SD) motor on to engage static drive

5.0

20.5 to 25.5

SD motor off, force released

0.5

25.5 to 26.0

SD motor off, force applied

5.0

26.0 to 31.0

SD motor on, force applied

5.0

31.0 to 36.0

SD motor off, force released

* = Reference SAE Friction Nomenclature Specification (SAE J1646)

Printed copies are uncontrolled

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ENGINEERING MATERIAL SPECIFICATION

WSS-M2C938-A
Attachment II
Squawk Performance
GK Rig Machine Setup Parameters
Apply Pressure:
Sampling Frequency:
Fill Volume:

4200 kPa/sec.
500 Hz (1000 Hz with 500 Hz filter)
700 mL +/- 5 mL
TEST DESCRIPTION
Test Conditions - Discrete Data Points
Sliding Speed (m/s) Speed (rpm) Pressures (kPa)
0.005
1
0.011
2
97
0.027
5
0.055
10
0.110
20
0.165
30
0.220
40
241
0.275
50
0.412
75
0.549
100
0.824
150
1.098
200
369
1.373
250
1.647
300

Temp F

40

90

120

Attachment III
Continuous Slip Evaluation (-V Characterization)
Test Setup
TEMPERATURE, BATH
APPLY PRESSURE
SLIDING SPEED
INTERVAL - HRS.
DATA ACQUISITION
TEMPERATURE, TEST HEAD

120 C
10 Kg/cm2
0 - 220
4 hrs
1.90 SEC WITHIN 2.0 SEC. WINDOW
120 C

Test Description

Break-in for 20 mins.

Slipping mode for 50 mins.
20 dynamic engagements.
Slipping mode for 50 mins.
20 Dynamic engagements.
Slipping mode for 50 mins.
20 Dynamic engagements.
vs. V data collection.
6 Dynamic engagements.
Repeat sequence.

Printed copies are uncontrolled

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