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Date : January 06, 2015

MULTIPLE EFFECT EVAPORATORS


FOR
ZERO LIQUID EFFLUENT DISCHARGE
PRESENTED BY

SS TECHNO LIMITED, INDIA


TURNKEY ZERO LIQUID DISCHARGE SYSTEMS !
Shripad Khatav
Managing Director.

THE ART OF

ZERO LIQUID DISCHARGE


FOR INDUSTRIAL EFFLUENT
USING

THERMAL
EVAPORATORS
(Use of Thermal Energy)
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Zero Liquid Discharge Plant ( ZLD)

NOT A SINGLE DROP OF LIQUID


EFFLUENT TO DISCHARGE
OUT OF
INDUSTRIAL PREMISES
EVAPORATOR IS IMPERATIVE DEVIL FOR ZLD
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Spent Wash as Effluent


Raw Spent wash :
% Solids
COD
pH

12%
1 20 000 -1 50 000 ppm
4.0 Typical

Bio methanated Spent Wash


% Solids
COD
pH

SS Techno Pvt. Ltd.

4 -6 %
1 20 000 -1 50 000 ppm
7-7.5 Typical

MEE for ZLD - Advantages


Advantages :
1 Drastic Reduction in Spent wash quantity ( 50% to
92%) depending on scheme
2. Total water recycle for Process / useful
purposes for water conservation.
3

Saves contamination of large water bodies


out side the premises

4 Solids /slurry/ solutions are Disposed off as per the


nature of concentrate/solids
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SS Techno Pvt. Ltd.

MEE for ZLD-- Disadvantages

Evaporator is Investment Prone


Hence compromises on hardware

Operating cost is very high in


India ,due to thermal energy
requirement .

SS Techno Pvt. Ltd.

Field of Applications
- Chemicals

and Allied
- Pharmaceuticals
- Ethanol Distillery
- Brewery
- Engineering, Cement, Steel
- Tyre
- Vegetable Oil processing and chemicals
- Fish Processing
- Pulp and Paper
- Dyes and Paint
- Electronic Hardware
- Textile
- Agro Chemicals
- Power Plant
- Mineral Processing
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SS Techno Ltd.

Operating cost of MEE

- High Operating cost /Lit of Alcohol


Standalone Evaporator Upto Rs 2.5/lit
Integrated Evaporator upto Rs 0.4/lit
Compared to RO upto0.8 -1.0 /lit

SS Techno Ltd

Steps in Zero Liquid Discharge ( ZLD)


Pretreatment

THERMAL ENERGY

Concentration
through MEE/SST
DRYER
Final Treatment
& Disposal of
Solids

SS Techno Ltd.

Pretreatment

Effluent Treatment Plant for control of


pH, TSS , TDS, COD, BOD, Color,
Temperature ,Precipitation etc

- Reverse Osmosis , Biogas Etc


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SS Techno Ltd

Modes of Disposal

Effluent ..
Steam

MEE
/ SST Dryer

LAND FILL
SOLAR POND
SALE AS A PRODUCT
COMPOSTING
INCINERATION 1 2
FERTILIZER ..`

Condensate to Re-Use
After Treatment

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SS Techno Ltd

GASIFICATION
HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT

Performance of MEE with ZLD

Quantity Reduction of High TDS streams up to


92%

Condensate TDS Less than 250 ppm in distillery

effluents. 150 ppm and below in other industries.


Upto 100% Condensate can be reused after

secondary treatment
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( if required)

Performance of MEE with ZLD .contd


Steam Consumption can be as low as 0.18 Kg /Kg of
Evaporation
Capacities of waste water handling up to 5000 Cum/

day possible

COD of the condensate depends on the Effluent

Constitution Volatiles , solvents etc.

Final COD of condensate after Secondary Treatment


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if required can be below 100 ppm

Cost of Energy
Any form of Energy available can be used
- Steam
- Turbine Exhaust
- Alcohol vapours ( In distillery)
- Hot water
- Flue Gases
- Electric Power
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Cost of Steam Production

Fuel
1.Diesel
2.Furnace Oil
3.Natural Gas
4.Biomass
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S.S. Techno Ltd.

Steam cost (Rs/Kg)


3.5
2.0
1.5
0.6 1.0

Multiple Effect Evaporator Mechanism

Vapors Next Effect

Steam

Vapors

STAGE I

STAGE II

Feed

Concentrate
Concentrate
Condensate

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SS Techno Ltd

Zero Liquid Discharge For Spent Wash


Steam

Distillery

Raw Spent Wash


@ 12 % Solids

Evaporation Plant

Spent Wash @ 30 % w/w solids


Volume reduction by 60%

Bio-Composting.

Scheme-I

Zero Liquid Discharge For Spent Wash


Alcohol vapours

Distillery

Raw Spent Wash


@ 12 % Solids

Evaporation Plant

Spent Wash @ 30 % w/w solids

Bio-Composting.

Scheme-I A

Zero Liquid Discharge For Spent Wash


Steam

Bio- Gas

Distillery

Raw Spent Wash


@ 12 % Solids

Biogas

Bio-Methanated Spent
wash @ 5 % Solids

Evaporation Plant
Spent Wash @ 30 % w/w
solids
Volume reduction by 83%

Bio-Composting.

Scheme-II

Zero Liquid Discharge For Spent Wash


alcohol vapours from
Distillery-

Bio- Gas

Distillery

Raw Spent Wash


@ 12 % Solids

Biogas

Bio-Methanated Spent
wash @ 5 % Solids

Evaporation Plant
Spent Wash @ 10-12 % w/
w solids
Volume reduction by 50 %
min

Bio-Composting.

Scheme-II A

Zero Liquid Discharge For Spent Wash


Steam

Distillery

Raw Spent Wash


@ 12 % Solids

Evaporation
Plant
Spent Wash @ 55 % w/
w solids
Volume reduction by 78%

20 % Supporting Fuel.

Incineration
Boiler.
Ash.

Scheme-III

Zero Liquid Discharge For Spent Wash


Bio- Gas

Distillery

Raw Spent Wash


@ 12 % Solids

Biogas

Steam

Bio-Methanated Spent
@ 5 % Solids

Evaporation
Plant
Spent Wash @ 50 % w/w
solids

Bagasse/ Wood Chips/


Bio Mass

On Line
Mixer

Spent Wash @ 70 % w/w


solids
Volume reduction by 92%

SST Dryer TM

Fuel Mix

Pulsating Grate/
Traveling Grate Boiler.

Scheme-IV

Ash.

Zero Liquid Discharge For Spent Wash


Steam

Bio- Gas

Distillery

Raw Spent Wash


@ 12 % Solids

Biogas

Bio-Methanated Spent
@ 5 % Solids

Evaporation Plant
Spent Wash @ 50 % w/w
solids

Potash Salt

Spent Wash

Pulsating Grate/
Traveling Grate Boiler.

Fuel Mix

On Line
Mixer

Scheme-V

Potash Separation Unit.

Evaporation System without TVR

Vapour to
condenser

Steam.

Feed
(Effluent )
Steam Condensate

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S.S. Techno Services Pvt. Ltd.

Process Condensate

Concentrated
Product

Evaporation System with TVR


Vapour to
condenser

TVR

Steam.

Vapours
Feed (Effluent )

Process Condensate

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S.S. Techno Services Pvt. Ltd.

Concentrated
Product

Integrated Evaporator

- No Steam required for Evaporation


Use of Latent Heat from Process
Vapours , otherwise going to Cooling
system

- In Distillery ,use of Ethanol /

Water vapours to reduce Effluent


volume by at least 50% w/w

Integrated Evaporation System :

Vapour to
condenser

Alcohol
/water
vapours

Feed
(Effluent ))
Alcohol solution in
water

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SS Techno. Ltd.

Process Condensate

Concentrated
Product

Some Aspects related to the Design


Maximum Liquid Temperature
Maximum Delta T across tube
Boiling Point Elevation
Solubility of Salts
Configuration
Presence of Dissolved Gases and Non condensables
Presence of Solvent in feed
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Presence of Suspended Solids

Thank you..!

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SS Techno Ltd.
.

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