Morphology

(Solved Exercises)
Jahanzeb Jahan (MS-AL)
100784-006
Ex. 1:
1. Estimation of the words in the mental lexicon:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.

Number of entries on a typical page of dictionary = 37

Multiply this number with pages of dictionary = 37 x 1780= 65860
4 random pages of dictionary and total words = 97
How many I know out of them = 47
Total percentage = Almost 50 %
Multiplying the percentage with all pages = 30, 000 almost

2. Making a separation between morphemes with +:

a. Retroactive
b. Befriended
c. Televise
d. Margin
e. Endearment
f. Psychology
g. Unpalatable
h. Holiday
i. Grandmother
j. Morphemic
k. Cursive
l. Wollongong
m. mistreatment
n. saltpetre
o. airsickness

re + tro + active
be + friend + ed
tele + vise
en + dear + ment
psycho + logy
un + palat + able
holi + day
grand + mother
morphe + mic
mis + treat + meant
salt + petre
air + sick + ness

3. Matching columns:
a. noisy crow
b. eat crow
c. scarecrow

Phrase containing adjective + noun

idiom
compound noun

d. the crow
e. crowlike
f. crows
4. Matching columns:
a.
b.
c.
d.

terrorized
uncivilized
terrorize
lukewarm

grammatical morpheme followed by lexical

root morpheme + derivational suffix
root morpheme + inflectional affix
inflectional suffix
derivational infix
derivational suffix
derivational prefix

5. (a) Considering words in Zulu:

a. What is morpheme meaning singular in Zulu?
= um
b. What is morpheme meaning plural in Zulu?= aba
c. List of the Zulu stems and their meanings:
(i).
(ii)
(iii).
(iv).
(v).
(vi).
(vii).
(viii).

Fazi
Fani
Zali
Fundisi
Bazi
Limi
Dlali
Fundi

Married Woman
Boy
Parent
Teacher
Carver
Farmer
Player
Reader

(b). Derivational suffix morpheme making a verb of Zulu: a

(c). Nominal suffix morpheme that forms a noun: i
(d). Morphological noun formation rule in Zulu:
um + noun + I (Singular)

aba + noun + I (Plural)

6. Words from Michoacan Aztec:

a.
b.
c.
d.

The morpheme meaning house in: kali

The morpheme meaning cornfields is: wahmili
The word meaning his dogs is: ipelomes
If the word meaning friend in this language is mahkwa, then the
word meaning my friends is? nomahkwames

e. The word meaning dog in this language is: pelo

7. Infinitive and past participles found in Dutch:
a. Forming an infinitive in Dutch: verb + en (wandelen) walk
b. Forming a Dutch past participle: ge + verb + d (gewandeld) walked
8. Pullet Surprises and reasons:
a. Stalemate

= Husband wife no longer interested

(Stale + Mate, stale means not fresh and mate means
friends so such a friendship or relation that doesnt
remain interested or fresh)

b. Effusive

c.
d.
e.

f.

= Able to be merged
(Ef + Fuse, Ef is prefix that means thoroughly and Fuse
means mixture or blend, so something that has ability to
be merged)
Tenet
= A group of ten singers
(Ten + et, ten means quantity and et/ete, a suffix, is used
to denote people, i.e athelete, so its group of ten people)
Dermatology= A study of derms
(Dermat + ology, derma or dermis means skin and ology
means study, so its its study)
Ingenious = Not very smart
(In + genious, in gives negative meanings i.e inanimate,
incapable etc, so they took is as a person not very
genious)
Finesse
= A female fish
(Fin + ess, fin means the arms/wings of a fish and ess in
used to make feminine of a noun)

9. Ten Acronyms:
a. LASER
b. AIDS
c. UNESCO
d. NASA
e. NATO
f. NIPA

Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation

Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural
Organization
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
North Atlantic Treaty Organization
National Institute of Pension Administrators

g.
h.
i.
j.

NAM
NUML
CIDA
LUMS

Non-Allied Movement
National University of Modern Languages
Canadian International Development Agency
Lahore University of Management and Sciences.

B. Ten Acronyms of My Own:

a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.

AMNA
FINE
PINO
AIL
NAM
RIA
FIC
POP
CUTE

A Member of National Assembly

Fawads International News and Entertainment
Pakistan and India Narcotics Organization
An Introduction to Language
Nazeer Ahmed Malik
Rana Imran Ali
First Information Cell
Petroleum of Pakistan
Central University of Technology

10. Swahili (Identification of Morphemes)

a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.

toto = child
-atoto = children
fika = arrived
m- = noun prefix attached with singular
a= prefix attached to verb when subject is singular noun
w= prefix attached to noun with plural
wam- = prefix attached to verb when subject is plural noun
wan- = prefix attached to verb in continuous tense when subject is
plural noun
i. wat- = prefix attached to verb in future tense
j. tu = man
k. lala = slept
l. isu = knife
m. anguka= fallen
n. k= prefix added with singular noun
o. v= prefix added with plural noun
p. kime- = prefix attached to verb when subject is singular
q. kina- = prefix attached to verb in continuous tense
r. kita- = prefix attached to verb in future tense
s. vime- = prefix attached to verb when subject is plural noun

t. vina- = prefix attached to verb in continuous tense when subject is

plural noun
u. vita- = prefix attached to a verb in future tense
v. kapu = basket
w. Ki- = prefix added with singular noun
11. Morphological Process of Reduplication in Samon:
a. What is Samon for following?
a. They weave
=
lagagao
b. They travel
=
savavali
c. He sings
=
pese
b. Morphological rule for making plural verb from singular one:
laga is singular verb which means weave, while making a plural verb
of it, we have to double the infix. For example la + ga + o, central infix
ga will be doubled.
12. Words & Non-Words
Non- Words

Words

a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.

nondescript
incognito
unbeknownst
Impeccable
impromptu
nonplussed
indominatable
innomer

Descript
Cognito
Beknownst
Peccable
Promptu
Plussed
Dominatable
Nomer