Professional Documents
Culture Documents
WWT
3- Secondary Clarifier
Dr. Abdel Fattah Hasan
1
Secondary Clarifier
3/8/2011
Secondary Clarifier
Objectives
To separate biomass from liquid and then return
biomass to the activated sludge process so that
SRT >> HRT
To meet total suspended solids discharge limit
To thicken sludge in the underflow (less volume to
pump for removal)
Tank shape
Circular: small to medium/large size plants (up to
200 MGD)
Rectangular: huge plants (> 200 MGD)
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Rectangular clarifier
3/8/2011
Collector Bridge
Influent
Sludge
concentrator
Collector
3/8/2011
Design
Considerations
Overflow rates
Typical Design
Values
Solids loadings
Average flows
Peak design flows: 49~144 and 100~220 kg/m2day
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Design Based
on Solids Flux
TSS
Better settling
Gg = VgCi
Gu = VuCi
Gt = Gg + Gu
where:
Gg = solids flux caused
by gravity, kg/m2h;
Gu = solids flux caused
by underflow, kg/m2hr;
Gt = combined flux
caused by gravity and
underflow, kg/m2hr;
Ci = concentration of
solids, mg/L;
Vg = hindered settling
velocity, m/hr; and
Vu = downward velocity
due to underflow, m/hr.
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1,296 m 2 4
= 40.7 m (134 ft)
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316 SS 90 V-notchs
around the weir
plate @ 39.5 cm c/c
40.7 m diam.
Scum baffle
Walkway.
Outer sewer
Effluent box
2m2m
Scum trough
Scum line.
Rake arm
Effluent launder
Influent pipe
Influent pipe
Sludge pipe
Scum line
Scum trough
Drive
Water level
Skimmer assembly
Scraper arm
Sludge
line
Center
shaft
Influent baffle
Effluent
pipe
Concrete tank
Center scraper
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H=
8/15 C 2g tan
d
2
= 0.037 m = 3.7 cm 4 cm
( )
0.00038 m 2 /sec
=
8/15 0.584 2 9.8 m/sec 2 tan 90
2
( )
2/5
23
6 cm
4 cm
88 cm
84 cm
80 cm
Water surface at
average design flow
Effluent box
0.84 m
Effluent box
0.31 m
0.61 m
0.84 m 0.88 m
0.3 m
2m
Section AA showing V-notches, effluent launder
on both sides, and effluent box
Average side
Invert of effluent box 3.36 m
water depth 4.5 m
4.52 m
Invert of effluent launder 3.66 m
Influent well
Top of weir 4.54 m
3.97 m
0.61 m
0.3 m
0.5 m
Section BB showing outlet pipe, effluent box,
effluent launder and water depth at average design flow
0.00
Outlet
pressure
pipe
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Q
H =
8/15 C 2g tan
d
( )
2/5
0.00139 m 2 /sec
=
8/15 0.584 2 9.8 m/sec 2 tan 90
2
( )
2/5
= 0.063 m
2 (0.17) 2
9.81 m/sec 2 (0.5 m) 2 0.31 m
= 0.42 m
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