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Design of
10 Story RC Building
(Equivalent Lateral Force)
Using ETABS
(Metric Units)
ACECOMS, AIT
Table of Content
Objective
Problem
Step by Step
12
12
17
19
32
37
38
43
46
9. Assign Supports
48
49
54
62
68
81
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Objective
To demonstrate and practice step-by-step on the
modeling, analysis and design of 10 story RC building
for seismic equivalent lateral force.
Problem
Carry out analysis, and design of 10 story RC building
as shown in following details using IBC2000
equivalent lateral force.
3D View
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6.00 m
6.00 m
6.00 m
6.00 m
6.00 m
6.00 m
BASE STORY 7
6.00 m
6.00 m
6.00 m
6.00 m
6.00 m
6.00 m
STORY 8 STORY 10
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Elevation View
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Section Properties
Member
Dimension
30 x 60 cm
Column
50 x 50 cm
Slab
Thickness = 15 cm
Shear wall
Thickness = 20 cm
Height
Typical Story
3.00 m
4.00 m
DEAD
LIVE
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Load Type
Dead Load
Reducible
Live Load
Details
Value
0.20 t/m2
0.50 t/m
0.25 t/m2
ACECOMS, AIT
Wind Direction
WINDX
WINDY
Wind Speed
90 mph
Exposure Type
B (Suburban area)
Importance Factor
Values
Remark
1.47
Equation 16-39
(Ct = 0.020)
Response Modification
Factor (R)
5.5
Table 1617.6
(Dual System: Ordinary RC
Shear Wall)
Seismic Group
Section 1616.2
Site Class
Table 1615.1.1
(Soft Clay)
Response Acceleration
at Short Period (Ss)
0.45
Response Acceleration
at 1 Second (S1)
0.18
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Direction and
Eccentricity
% Eccentricity
EQXA
X Dir + Eccen. Y
0.05
EQXB
X Dir - Eccen. Y
0.05
EQYA
Y Dir + Eccen. X
0.05
EQYB
Y Dir - Eccen. X
0.05
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Step by Step
1. Start Model with Template
Step 1-1: Select Working Unit and Start New Model using Template
Start up screen of ETABS, select working unit to be ton-m at drop-down menu on
the bottom-right of screen and click on New Model button to start new model
using template
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Note: Click the Default.edb button. This means that the definitions and
preferences will be initialized (get their initial values) from the Default.edb
file that is in the same directory as your ETABS.exe file. If the Default.edb
file does not exist in this directory then the definitions and preferences are
initialized using ETABS built-in defaults.
You should create your Default.edb file such that you most commonly click
this button.
In some cases you may want to click the Choose.edb button and specify a
different file from which the definitions and preferences are to be initialized.
For example, a certain client or project may require certain things in your
model to be done in a certain way that is different from your typical office
standards. You could have a specific .edb file set up for this client or project
which could then be used to initialize all models for the client or project. This
will allow setting of the repeatedly used preferences.
Click the No button if you just want to use the built-in ETABS defaults.
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Note: You may select N-mm or Kip-in or whatever unit to input material
properties.
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Cover to Rebar Center: This is the distance from the edge of the column to
the center of a longitudinal bar. In the special case of rectangular
reinforcement in a circular column the cover is taken to be the minimum
distance from the edge of the column to the center of a corner bar of the
rectangular reinforcement pattern.
Bar size: This is the specified size of reinforcing steel for the section. You can
only specify one bar size for a given concrete frame section property.
Cover to Rebar Center: This is the distance from the edge of the column to
the center of a longitudinal bar. In the special case of circular reinforcement in
a rectangular column the cover is taken to be the minimum distance from the
edge of the column to a circle drawn through the center of all the rebar in the
circular reinforcement pattern.
Bar size: This is the specified size of reinforcing steel for the section. You can
only specify one bar size for a given concrete frame section property.
Check/Design: In this area you specify that when a member with this frame section
property is run through the Concrete Frame Design postprocessor the reinforcement
is either to be checked or to be designed. If the reinforcement is to be checked then
all information in the Reinforcement Data dialog box is used. If the reinforcement is
to be designed then all information in the Reinforcement Data dialog box is used
except the bar size is ignored and the total required steel area is calculated. For
design the configuration of reinforcement, lateral reinforcement and cover is used.
If you specify reinforcing in a concrete column frame section property that is
specified using the section designer utility then the Concrete Frame Design
postprocessor either checks the column for the specified reinforcing or designs new
reinforcing depending on the option you selected when you specified the section.
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The membrane stiffness for full shell and pure membrane sections.
The element volume for element self-mass and self-weight
calculations.
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The bending thickness is used for calculating the plate-bending and transverseshearing stiffnesses for full shell and pure plate sections.
Step 3-8: Define Wall Section Properties
Select WALL1, click on Modify/Show Section and specify wall section properties
as shown in figure below.
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Step 3-9: Select All Beams and Assign B30x60 Section Properties
Go to Select >> by Line Object Type, select Beam to select all beams in model.
Go to Assign >> Frame/Line >> Frame Section and select B30x60 from section
property list
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Step 3-10: Select All Columns and Assign C50x50 Section Properties
Go to Select >> by Line Object Type, select Column to select all columns.
Go to Assign >> Frame/Line >> Frame Section and select C50x50 from section
property list
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Step 3-11: Select All Slabs and Assign SLABTH15CM Section Properties
Go to Select >> by Area Object Type, select Floor to select all columns.
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4
3
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1
3
4
2
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Select All Stories at first drop-down menu, click on Draw Wall button
shear walls as shown in figure below.
2
5
4
6
7
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Note: For this example, all shear wall panels have been assigned in
same pier labels then ETABS will design all shear wall panels as
3D shear wall (3 panels combined together). Each shear wall
panel can be designed separately as 2D shear wall by assigning
difference pier labels.
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Go to Edit >> Mesh Area and select parameters as shown in figure below
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, select
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Note: Auto mesh side and location can be display by clicking on Set Building View
Options button
and selecting Auto Area Mesh to view auto area meshing
line.
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9. Assign Supports
Step 9-1: Change Plan View to BASE and Select All Nodes on BASE Floor
Click on Set Plan View button
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Uniform load on slab panels for DEAD and LIVE load have been
assigned from Step 1-2 then step 10-1 and 10-4 can be skipped.
Step 10-1: Assign DEAD Uniform Load on Slab Panels
Go to Select >> By Area Object Type and select Floor
Go to Assign >> shell/Area Loads >> Uniform and specify parameter as shown in
figure below.
Note: The load from slab will be transferred to beam and column automatically (for
one way, two way, flat slab)
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Go to Options >> Preferences >> Live Load Reduction and select Tributary
Area (UBC97) as shown in figure below.
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Note:
If this check box is checked, the tributary area live load reduction method based on
Section 1607.5 of the 1997 UBC is used. The basic formula is as follows:
RLLF = 1 - 0.0008(A - 150)
where,
RLLF = The reduced live load factor for an element, unitless. The RLLF is
multiplied times the unreduced live load to get the reduced live
load.
A
= Tributary area for the element, ft2. If A does not exceed 150 ft2, no
live load reduction is used. See Tributary Area for more
information.
The RLLF factor can not be less than the minimum factor described in the Minimum
Factor Area description.
Note that no check is done to limit the RLLF based on Equation 7-2 in Section
1607.5 of the 1997 UBC.
You may press F1 key to get more information about RLLF when you are on
the Live Load Reduction Factor dialogue.
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Go to Assign >> shell/Area Loads >> Uniform and specify parameter as shown in
figure below.
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Step 11-4: Draw Null Areas at Side of Building for Wind Pressure Coefficient
Click on Set Plan View button
and select STORY10 to change Plan view to
STORY10. From STORY10 plan view, select All Stories from first drop-down
menu, click on Create Walls at Regions or at Clicks button , select NONE and
draw rectangular cover all side of plan view one by one as shown in figure below.
Note: Dummy Area (Null Area) is shell element with no stiffness to represent curtain
wall or brick wall for wind pressure coefficient assignment. ETABS calculates
wind load by using area of dummy area and wind pressure coefficients
automatically based on selected code at step 10-1 and 10-2
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Step 11-5: Assign Windward Wind Coefficient to Null Areas for WINDX Load
Case
Click on Select Object button
, select null areas on the side of the building, go to
Assign >> Shell/Area Loads >> Wind Pressure Coefficient and specify
parameters as shown in figure.
Note: Positive Direction of wind pressure is same as positive direction of local area
axes 3. To check area local axes in shell area, go to View >> Set Building
View Options or click on Set Building View Options button
and select
Area Local Axes in Object View Options. ETABS will display 3 local axes in
3 color arrows (Red, white and blue to represent 1, 2 and 3 local axes).
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Step 11-6: Assign Leeward Wind Coefficient to Null Areas for WINDX Load
Case
Select null areas on the side of the building, go to Assign >> Shell/Area >> Wind
Pressure Coefficient and specify parameters as shown in figure.
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Step 11-7: Assign Windward Wind Coefficient to Null Areas for WINDY Load
Case
Select null areas on the side of the building, go to Assign >> Shell/Area >> Wind
Pressure Coefficient and specify parameters as shown in figure.
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Step 11-8: Assign Leeward Wind Coefficient to Null Areas for WINDY Load
Case
Select null areas on the side of the building, go to Assign >> Shell/Area >> Wind
Pressure Coefficient and specify parameters as shown in figure.
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Step 12-3: Add EQXB Load Case and Specify Load Case Parameters
Repeat step 11-1 and 11-2 to add and specify EQXB load case parameters
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Step 12-4: Add EQYA Load Case and Specify Load Case Parameters
Repeat step 11-1 and 11-2 to add and specify EQYA load case parameters
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Step 12-5: Add EQYB Load Case and Specify Load Case Parameters
Repeat step 11-1 and 11-2 to add and specify EQYB load case parameters
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Note: ETABS will lock the model automatically from undesired changes. Model
will be unlocked by clicking on Unlock Model button
. ETABS will delete
all analysis and design results after unlock.
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Step 13-6: Create Elevation View for Display Analysis Results in Wall Panels
Click on Set Elevation View button
Specify Location at wall panels around elevators as shown in the following figure
and table.
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Elevation Name
X Ordinate
Y Ordinate
LIFT LEFT
LIFT RIGHT
10
LIFT BACK
10
ACECOMS, AIT
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Note: Same as frame element, move mouse cursor over this diagram and see
value at bottom of this window to check analysis results in particular location
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(Elevation
Change Plan View to Elevation View by clicking on Set Elevation View button
and selecting desired elevation for elevator location, go to Display >> Show
Member Forces/Stress Diagram >> Shell Stresses/Forces, select Load and
Component. Right click on desired wall panel to view particular analysis result.
Note: Analysis results at particular location will display at the bottom of window
when move mouse cursor over this diagram.
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Step 13-10: View Analysis Result Contour in Slab Panels (Plan View)
Change to Plan View by clicking on Set Plan View button
and selecting
desired floor, go to Display >> Show Member Forces/Stress Diagram >> Shell
Stresses/Forces and select Load and Component. Same as shear wall panel,
right click on desired wall panel to view particular analysis result.
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Note: This table can be copied to MS Excel by using Edit >> Copy menu in this
window (Not main menu).
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Note: ETABS will define load combination automatically based on selected design
from previous step.
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5. If you want to use any design load combinations other than the default
ones created by ETABS for your shear wall design then click the Design
menu > Shear Wall Design > Select Design Combo command. Note
that you must have already created your own design combos by clicking
the Define menu > Load Combinations command.
6. Click the Design menu > Shear Wall Design > Start Design/Check of
Structure command to run the shear wall design.
7. Review the shear wall design results. To do this you might do one of the
following:
a. Click the Design menu > Shear Wall Design > Display Design
Info command to display design information on the model.
b. Right click on a pier or spandrel while the design results are
displayed on it to enter the interactive wall design mode. Note
that while you are in this mode you can revise overwrites and
immediately see the new design results.
If you are not currently displaying design results you can click the
Design menu > Shear Wall Design > Interactive Wall Design
command and then right click a pier or spandrel to enter the interactive
design mode for that element.
1. Use the File menu > Print Tables > Shear Wall Design command to
print shear wall design data. If you select a few piers or spandrels before
using this command then data is printed only for the selected elements.
2. If desired, revise the wall pier and/or spandrel overwrites, rerun the shear
wall design, and review the results again. Repeat this step as many
times as needed.
3. If desired, create wall pier check sections with user-defined (actual)
reinforcing specified for the wall piers using the Section Designer utility.
Use the Design menu > Shear Wall Design > Define Pier Sections for
Checking command to define the sections in Section Designer. Be sure
to indicate that the reinforcing is to be checked. Use the Design menu >
Shear Wall Design > Assign Pier Sections for Checking command to
assign these sections to the piers. Rerun the design and verify that the
actual flexural reinforcing provided is adequate.
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4. Assign these check sections to the piers, change the pier mode from
Design to Check, and rerun the design. Verify that the actual flexural
reinforcing provided is adequate.
5. If necessary, revise the geometry or reinforcing and rerun the design.
6. Print or display selected shear wall design results if desired.
Note that shear wall design is performed as an iterative process. You
can change your wall design dimensions and reinforcing during the
design process without rerunning the analysis. However, you always
want to be sure that your final design is based on analysis properties
(wall dimensions) that are consistent with your design (actual) wall
dimensions.
Rigid
Beam
3
per rigid zone
Column
D: Beam-Column Model
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Note: ETABS will define load combination automatically based on selected design
from previous step.
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Step 15-5: Display Pier Design Information for Shear Wall Design
Go to Design >> Shear Wall Design >> Display Design Info, click on Design
Output and select Pier Longitudinal Reinforcing.
Note: Longitudinal reinforcing area displayed in above figure is for all 3 shear wall
panels because all of them have been assigned in same pier label (P1) as
specified in Step 4-5
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Step 15-6: Display Pier Design Details for Shear Wall Design
To see pier design in details, right mouse click on desired pier panel.
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