CL1 Syllabus 2015

UPDATED DRAFT*
Constitutional Law One

First Semester, 2015-2016
Atty. Edilwasif T. Baddiri
Required Textbook
Bernas S.J., Fr. Joaquin (2011) The 1987 Philippine Constitution: A Comprehensive
Reviewer, Manila: Rex Book Store, Inc.
Bernas S.J., Fr. Joaquin (2003) The 1987 Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines: A
Commentary, Manila: Rex Book Store, Inc.
Nachura, Antonio (2006) Outline Reviewer in Political Law, Quezon City: VJ Graphil Arts,
Inc.
Classroom Policies
Students are expected to have read the assigned materials for the class sessions and will be
called for recitation.
Attendance is checked. University rules governing absences are observed.
Cell phones and other electronic devices must be kept in silent mode. Students must refrain
from using these devices during classroom sessions.
Plagiarism and cheating are grave offenses of intellectual dishonesty and are punishable by
university rules.
Consultation and discussion is available upon request of the student. Email me:
ebaddiri@gmail.com
The 1987 Philippine Constitution

Definition
Classification
Essential Parts of the Philippine Constitution
Interpretation/Construction of the Philippine Constitution
Francisco v. House of Representatives, GR 160261, Nov. 10, 2003
Civil Liberties Union v. ES, 194 SCRA 317
Brief History
Malolos Constitution
1900 McKinleys Instructions
Spooner Amendment
1902 Philippine Bill
1916 Jones Law (Philippine Autonomy Act)
Tydings-McDuffie Act (Philippine Independence Act)
1935 Constitution
Japanese Occupation Order No. 1 (Philippine Executive Commission)
1973 Constitution
Freedom Constitution
1987 Philippine Constitution
Important Constitutional Principles
Hierarchy of Laws
Supremacy of the Constitution
Separation of Powers Principle
Belgica v. ES, GR 208566, November 19, 2013: The principle of separation of powers refers
to the constitutional demarcation of the three fundamental powers of government. The
Constitution has given to the legislative branch, through Congress, the power to make laws,
to the executive branch, through the President, the power to enforce laws, and to the judicial
branch, through the Court, the power to interpret laws. By constitutional design, each
department of government has exclusive cognizance of matters within its jurisdiction, and is
supreme within its own sphere.
Checks and Balances Principle
Belgica v. ES, GR 208566, November 19, 2013: The Constitution has also provided for an
elaborate system of checks and balances to secure coordination in the workings of the various
departments of the government.203
A prime example of a constitutional check and balance would be the Presidents power to
veto an item written into an appropriation, revenue or tariff bill submitted to him by Congress
for approval through a process known as "bill presentment."
Non-Delegation of Power
Belgica v. ES, GR 208566, November 19, 2013: (With respect to legislative power Congress,
acting as a bicameral body, and the people, through the process of initiative and referendum,
may constitutionally wield legislative power and no other. This premise embodies the
principle of non-delegability of legislative power, and the only recognized exceptions thereto
would be: (a) delegated legislative power to local governments which, by immemorial
practice, are allowed to legislate on purely local matters; and (b) constitutionally-grafted
exceptions such as the authority of the President to, by law, exercise powers necessary and
proper to carry out a declared national policy in times of war or other national emergency,or
fix within specified limits, and subject to such limitations and restrictions as Congress may
impose, tariff rates, import and export quotas, tonnage and wharfage dues, and other duties or
imposts within the framework of the national development program of the Government.1
Notably, the principle of non-delegability should not be confused as a restriction to delegate
rule-making authority to implementing agencies for the limited purpose of either filling up
the details of the law for its enforcement (supplementary rule-making) or ascertaining facts to
bring the law into actual operation (contingent rule-making).199
Preamble
Article I: The National Territory
R.A. 9255 or the New Baselines Law of 2009.
1982 UN Convention on the Law of the Sea
Reagan v. Commissioner, 30 SCRA 968
People v. Gozo, 53 SCRA 476
Magallona v. Ermita, 655 SCRA 476
Article II: Declaration of Principles and State Policies
Legal Value of Article II
Tondo Medical v. CA, 527 SCRA 746 (2007)
Bases Conversion and Development Authority v. Commission on Audit, 580 SCRA 295
Section 1. Philippines as a Democratic and Republican State
Functions of Government
Bacani v. NACOCO, 100 PHIL 468 (1956)
ACCFA v. CUGCO, 30 SCRA 649 (1969)
PVTA v. CIR, 65 SCRA 416 (1975)
PHHC v Court of Industrial Relations, 150 SCRA 296
Spouses Fontanilla v. Hon. Maliaman, GR Nos. 55963, February 27, 1991
VFP v. Reyes, 483 SCRA 526 (2006)
Ramiscal v. Sandiganbayan, 499 SCRA 375 (2006)
Alzaga v. Sandiganbayan, 505 SCRA 848 (2006)
Javier v. Sandiganbayan, 599 SCRA 324 (2009)
MIAA v. CA, 495 SCRA 591 (2006)
Philippine Society v. COA, 534 SCRA 112 (2007)
Serana v. Sandiganbayan, 542 SCRA 224 (2008)
De Jure and De Facto Government

Co Kim Cham v. Valdez Tan Keh, 75 PHIL 113 (1945)
In re Letter of Associate Justice Puno, 210 SCRA 588
Republic v. Sandiganbayan, GR No. 104768, July 21, 2003
Sovereignty
People v. Gozo, 53 SCRA 476 (1973)
Tanada v. Angara, 272 SCRA 18
Section 2. Generally Accepted Principles of International Law
Treaties and Agreeements
Agustin v. Edu, 88 SCRA 195
JBL Reyes v. Bagatsing, GR No. 65366, October 25, 1983
Tanada v. Angara, 272 SCRA 18 (1997)
Bayan v. Zamora, GR 138570, October 10, 2000
Bayan v. Romulo, GR 159618, Feb 1, 2011
Equal Standing of International Law and Municipal Law
Lim v. Executive Secretary, GR 151445, April 11, 2002
Shangri-La v. Developers, GR 159938, March 31, 2006
Philip Morris, Inc. v. Fortune Tobacco Corporation, GR 158589, June 27, 2006
Recognition of Foreign Judgments
Mijares v. Ranada, GR 139325, April 12, 2005
Soft Law
Pharmaceutical v. DOH, GR 173034, October 9, 2007
Section 3. Civilian Supremacy and AFP Role
IBP v. Zamora, 338 SCRA 81 (2000)
Kulayan v. Tan, 675 SCRA 482 (2012)
Section 4. Duty of Government to the People
Section 5. Maintenance of Peace and Order
Kilosbayan v. Morato, 246 SCRA 540 (1995) and MR 250 SCRA 130
Kulayan v. Tan, 675 SCRA 482 (2012)
Section 6. Separation of Church and State
United Church of Christ in the Philippines, Inc v. Bradford United Church of Christ, Inc 674
SCRA 92 (2012)
Section 7. Independent Foreign Policy
Lim v. Executive Secretary, GR 151445, April 11, 2002
Section 8. Freedom from Nuclear Weapons
Section 9. Social Order
Section 10. Social Justice

Section 11. Personal Dignity and Human Rights
Section 12. Family Life; Mother; Unborn
Roe v. Wade, 410 US 113 (1973)
Meyer v. Nebraska, 262 US 390 (1922)
Pierce v. Society of Sisters, 262 US 510 (1925)
Wisconsin v. Yoder 40 LW 4476 (1972)
Ginsberg v. New York, 390 US 629 (1968)
Orceo v. COMELEC, GR 190779 March 26, 2010
Imbong v. Ochoa, GR 204819, April 8, 2014
Section 13. Vital Role of Youth
Basco v. PAGCOR, 197 SCRA 252
Boy Scouts of the Philippines v. COA, GR 177131, June 7, 2011
Section 14. Role of Women and Equality of Men and Women
Section 15. Right to Health
Section 16. Right to a Balanced and Healthful Ecology
Oposa v. Factoran, 224 SCRA 792 (1993)
LLDA v. CA, 231 SCRA 292 (1994) and 251 SCRA 42 (1995)
MMDA v. Residents of Manila Bay, GR No. 171947, December 18, 2008
Boracay Foundation, Inc. v. The Province of Aklan, 674 SCRA 555 (2012)
Section 17. Education, Science and Technology, Arts, Culture and Sports
Section 18. Labor Protection
PNB v. Dan Padao, GR 180849, November 2011
Section 19. Self-Reliant and Independent National Economy
Garcia v. BOI, 191 SCRA 288 (1990)
Section 20. Role of Private Sector
Marine Radio Communications Association of the Philippines v. Reyes, 191 SCRA 205
Boracay Foundation, Inc. v. The Province of Aklan, 674 SCRA 555 (2012)
Section 21. Promotion of Comprehensive Rural and Agrarian Policy
Wilson P. Gamboa v. Finance Secretary Margarito Teves, et al GR 176579 June 28, 2011
(See Dissent of Abad- Section 21 is not self-executing, thus need for CARL)
Section 22. Promotion of Rights of Indigenous Cultural Communities
Section 23. Community-Based Private Organizations
Section 24. Vital Role of Communications

PLDT v. NTC, 190 SCRA 717
Section 25. Local Economy
Rodolfo G. Navarro, et al. v. Executive Secretary Eduardo Ermita, et al., GR 180050, 12
April 2011. (Section 25 as part of IRR of LGU provision on local autonomy)
Belgica v. ES 2013: With PDAF, a Congressman can simply bypass the local development
council and initiate projects on his own, and even take sole credit for its execution. Indeed,
this type of personality-driven project identification has not only contributed little to the
overall development of the district, but has even contributed to "further weakening
infrastructure planning and coordination efforts of the government."
Thus, insofar as individual legislators are authorized to intervene in purely local matters and
thereby subvert genuine local autonomy, the 2013 PDAF Article as well as all other similar
forms of Congressional Pork Barrel is deemed unconstitutional.
Section 26. Equal Access to Political Opportunities and Political Dynasties
Pamatong v. COMELEC, 427 SCRA 96 (2004)
Belgica v. ES 2013
Section 27. Honesty and Integrity in Public Service
Section 28. Full Public Disclosure
Neri v. Senate, GR 180643, March 25, 2008
Wilson P. Garcia v. Finance Secretary Teves
Briccio Pollo v. Chairperson Karina David, GR 181881
Philippine Savings Bank and Pascual Garcia III v. Senate Impeachment Court, GR 200238,
Feb 9, 2012
In Re: Production of Court Records, 14 February 2012
Article VI: The Legislative Department
Section 1. Legislative Power; Non-Delegation
Who may exercise legislative power?
1. Congress
2. Regional/Local legislative power
3. Peoples initiative on statutes
a) Initiative and referendum
4. The President under a martial law rule or in a revolutionary government
General Rule: Non-Delegation of Legislative Power
Exception;
Delegation to local governments and administrative bodies
Grant of Quasi-Legislative Power; In general: LGU and Administrative Bodies
Rubi v.Provincial Board of Mindoro 39 Phil. 660
Antipolo Realty Corp. v. NHA 153 SCRA 399
PITC v. Angales, GR 108461
Atitiw v. Zamora 471 SCRA 329
SEC v. Interport 567 SCRA 354

In instances allowed by the Constitution, e,g., Article VI, Section 23(2) and 28(2)
Issue on Delegation of Legislative Power
Valid delegation
Requisite of a valid delegation
Agustin v. Edu 88 SCRA 1
Free Telephone Workers v. Min. of Labor 108 SCRA 757
Guingona v. Carague 196 SCRA 221
Complete in Itself
Arena v. Gatmaitan 101 Phil 328
Marcos v. CA 278 SCRA 696
Social Justice Society v. Dangerous Drug Board 570 SCRA 410
Pacific Steam v. LLDA 608 SCRA 442
Fixes a Standard
People v. Rosenthal 68 Phil 628
Eastern Shipping Lines v. POEA 166 SCRA 533
Tablarin v. Gutierez 152 SCRA 730
Conference v. POEA 243 SCRA 666
Osmea v. Orbos 220 SCRA 703
Viola v. Alunan 277 SCRA 409
Abakada v. Ermita 469 SCRA 1
Beltran v. Secretary of Health 476 SCRA 168
Bayan v. Ermita 488 SCRA 226
Abakada v. Purisima, 562 SCRA 251 (2008)
Filling in the Details
Fernandez v. Sto. Tomas, 242 SCRA 192
Chiongbian v. Orbos, 245 SCRA 253
Rodrigo v. Sandiganbayan, 309 SCRA 661
Tondo Medical v. CA, 527 SCRA 746 (2007)
Pichay v. Office of the Deputy Executive Secretary, 677 SCRA 408 (2012)
Arroyo v. DOJ, 681 SCRA 181 (2012)
Undue Delegation
People v. Vera, 65 PHIL 56
US v. Barrias, 11 SCRA 327 (1908)
US v. Panlilio, 28 PHIL 608 (1914)
People v. Maceren, 79 SCRA 450 (1977)
People v. Dacuycuy, 173 SCRA 90 (1989)
Cebu Oxygen v. Drilon, 176 SCRA 24 (1989)
Ynot v. IAC, 148 SCRA 659 (1987)
Pharmaceutical v. DOH (2007)
Abakada v. Purisima
Philippine Coconut v. Republic, GR 178193, January 24, 2012
Belgica v. ES 2013: The Court agrees with petitioners that the phrase "and for such other
purposes as may be hereafter directed by the President" under Section 8 of PD 910 constitutes
an undue delegation of legislative power insofar as it does not lay down a sufficient standard
to adequately determine the limits of the Presidents authority with respect to the purpose for
which the Malampaya Funds may be used. As it reads, the said phrase gives the President
wide latitude to use the Malampaya Funds for any other purpose he may direct and, in effect,
allows him to unilaterally appropriate public funds beyond the purview of the law.
Executive Misapplication
Tatad v. Secretary DOE, 281 SCRA 330 (1997) and MR 282 SCRA 337 (1997)
Mere Directive
Dagan v. PRC, 578 SCRA 585 (2009)
Section 2. Senate Composition
Section 3. Qualifications of Senator
Section 4. Senator: Term of Office; Voluntary Renunciation
Section 5. Composition of the House of Representatives; Apportionment; Party List
Par. 2; Party-List Representation
Ang Bagong Bayani v. COMELEC GR 147589
Veterans Federation Party v. COMELEC GR 136781
AKLAT v. COMELEC 427 SCRA 712
Partido ng Manggagawa v. COMELEC 484 SCRA 671
Citizens v. COMELEC 521 SCRA 524
Bantay v. COMELEC 523 SCRA 1
Phil. Guardians v. COMELEC GR 190529
BANAT v. COMELEC 586 SCRA 210
Albayon v. COMELEC GR 189466
Ang Ladlad v. COMELEC GR 190582
Layug v. COMELEC 666 SCRA 321
Magdalo c. COMELEC 673 SCRA 651
Atong Paglaum et. al., GR 203766, April 12, 2013
Pars. 1,3, and 4; Rules on Apportionment
Reapportionment through Special Law
Tobias v. Abalos 239 SCRA 106
Mariano v. COMELEC 242 SCRA 211
Sema v. COMELEC 558 SCRA 700
Rules on Apportionment
(1) In accordance with the number of their respective inhabitants and on the basis of a
uniform and progressive ratio
Montejo v. COMELEC 242 SCRA 415
Herrera v. COMELEC GR 131499, November 17, 1999
(2) Contiguous, compact and adjacent territory

(3) Population size
Samson v. Aguirre 315 SCRA 53
Herrera v. COMELEC GR 131499, November 17, 1999
Aldaba v. COMELEC GR 188078, January 25, 2010
Aquino v. COMELEC GR 189793, April 17, 2010
Navarro v. Ermita GR 180050, April 12, 2011
(4) Following the return of every census, Congress shall make a reapportionment
Bagabuyo v. COMELEC GR 176970
Section 6. Qualifications of Representatives
Citizenship
Bengzon v. Cruz, GR 142840, May 7, 2001
Domicile and Residence
Aquino v. COMELEC, 243 SCRA 400 (1995)
Marcos v. COMELEC, 248 SCRA 300 (1995)
Domino v. COMELEC, GR 134015 (July 19, 1999)
Perez v. COMELEC, GR 133944, October 28, 1999
Fernandez v. HRET, 608 SCRA 733 (2009)
Additional Qualifications
Maquera v. Borra, 15 SCRA 7
Social Justice Society v. Dangerous Drugs Board, GR No. 157870, November 3, 2008
Section 7. Term of Representatives
Dimaporo v. Mitra, 202 SCRA 779
Farinas v. Executive Secretary, GR 147387 (Dec. 10, 2003)
Quinto v. COMELEC, GR No. 189698, December 1, 2009
Section 8.Regular Elections
Codilla v. De Venecia GR No. 150605, December 10, 2002
Section 9. Special Elections
Tolentino v. COMELEC, GR 148334, January 21, 2004
Section 10. Salaries
Philconsa v. Mathay, 18 SCRA 300 (1966)
Section 11. Privilege from Arrest; Parliamentary Freedom of Speech
Privilege from Arrest
People v. Jalosjos, 324 SCRA 689
Trillanes v. Pimentel, 556 SCRA 471
Parliamentary Freedom of Speech

Jimenez v. Cabangbang, 17 SCRA 876 (1966)
Antonino v. Valencia, 57 SCRA 70
Pobre v. Defensor Santiago, AC No. 7399, August 25, 2009
Section 12. Disclosure of Financial and Business Interests
Section 13. Prohibitions on Members of Congress
Liban v. Gordon, GR No. 175352, July 15, 2009
Section 14. Prohibitions Related to the Practice of Profession
Puyat v. De Guzman, 113 SCRA 31
Section 15. Regular Session; Special Session
Section 16. Officers of Congress; Quorom; Discipline; Journal/Records
Officers of Congress
Defensor-Santiago v. Guingona GR 134577 November 18, 1998
Meaning of a quorum to do business and compulsion to attend
Avelino v. Cuenco - 83 Phil. 17 [1949]
People v. Jalosjos - 324 SCRA 689
Datu Michael Abas Kida v. Senate of the Philippines, GR 196271, 18 October 2011
Internal Rules and Discipline
Arroyo v. De Venecia - 277 SCRA 268 [1997]
Osmea v. Pendatun- 109 Phil. 863 [1960]
Santiago v. Sandiganbayan 356 SCRA 636
Duty to Keep Journals and Records
US v. Pons 34 Phil. 729 [1916]
Casco Phil. Commercial Co. v. Gimenez - 7 SCRA 347 [1963]
Morales v. Subido 27 SCRA 131 [1969]
Astorga v. Villegas 56 SCRA 714 [1974]
Phil. Judges Assn. v. Prado -227 SCRA 703
Abakada v. Ermita 469 SCRA 1
Section 17. Electoral Tribunal
Jurisdiction of Electoral Tribunal
Nature and Power
Angara v. Electoral Commission 63 Phil. 134 [1936]
Pre-proclamation controversies v. Election Contests; Scope of inquiry ; When Proper Election
Contest
Vera v. Avelino 77 Phil. 192 [1946]
Roces v. HRET 469 SCRA 681 [2005]
Seneres v. COMELEC 585 SCRA 557 [2009]
Limkaichong v. COMELEC 594 SCRA 434 [2009]
Aquino v. COMELEC -243 SCRA 400 [1995]
10
Perez v. COMELEC GR 133944, October 28, 1999

Aggabao v. COMELEC 449 SCRA 400 [2005]
Barbers v. COMELEC 460 SCRA 569 [2005]
Rasul v. COMELEC GR 134142, August 24, 1999
Guerero v. COMELEC GR 137004, July 26, 2000
Villarosa v. HRET GR 143351, September 14, 2000
Abayon v. HRET GR 189466, February 11, 2010
Garcia v. HRET GR 134792, August 12, 1999
Pre-proclamation controversy
Chavez v. COMELEC 211 SCRA 315 [1991]
Composition
Abbas v. SET 166 SCRA 651 [1988]
Pimentel v. HRET GR 141489, November 29, 2002
Independence
Bondoc v. Pineda 201 SCRA 792 [1991]
Action/Decision
Robles v. HRET 181 SCRA 780 [1990]
Arroyo v. HRET 246 SCRA 384 [1995]
Lerias v. HRET 202 SCRA 808 [1991]
Sandoval v. HRET GR 149380, July 3, 2002
Lokin v. COMELEC GR 179431-32
Sema v. HRET GR 190734, March 26, 2010
Duenas v. HRET 593 SCRA 316 [2010]
Section 18. Commission on Appointments
Daza v. Singson, 180 SCRA 496 (1989)
Coseteng v. Mitra, 187 SCRA 377 (1990)
Guingona v. Gonzales, 214 SCRA 789 (1992); MR, 219 SCRA 326 (1993)
Drilon, et al v. Speaker, GR No. 180055, July 31, 2009
Section 19. Constitutions of the Electoral Tribunal and the Commission on Appointments
Section 20. Records and Books of Accounts
Section 21. Inquiries in Aid of Legislation
Power of Inquiry
Senate v. Ermita- 488 SCRA 1 [2006]
Gudani v. Senga- 498 SCRA 671 [2006]
Nature and Essence
Neg. O. II Elec. Coop. v. Sangguniang Panlungsod- 155 SCRA 421 [1991]
Requisites
Bengzon v. Senate Blue Ribbon Committee- 203 SCRA 767
11
1. In aid of legislation
Standard v. Senate- 541 SCRA 456 [2007]
De la Paz v. Senate- 579 SCRA 521 [2009]
Romero v. Estrada- 583 SCRA 396 [2009]
2. In Accordance with Duly Published Rules of Procedure
Garcillano v. House- GR 170338, December 23, 2008
3. Respect for the Rights of Persons Appearing In or Affected by Such Inquires
Neri v. Senate- 564 SCRA 152 [2008]
Power to Punish a Person Under Investigation
Arnault v. Nazareno- 87 PHIL. 25 [1950]
Sabio v. Gordon- 504 SCRA 704 [2006]
Sec. 22 Appearance of Heads of Departments in Congress
Belgica v. Executive Secretary 2013: (Quoting Abakada case) Any post-enactment
congressional measure x x x should be limited to scrutiny and investigation.1wphi1 In
particular, congressional oversight must be confined to the following:
(1) scrutiny based primarily on Congress power of appropriation and the budget hearings
conducted in connection with it, its power to ask heads of departments to appear before and
be heard by either of its Houses on any matter pertaining to their departments and its power
of confirmation; and
(2) investigation and monitoring of the implementation of laws pursuant to the power of
Congress to conduct inquiries in aid of legislation.
Any action or step beyond that will undermine the separation of powers guaranteed by the
Constitution.
Sec. 23. Declaration of a State of War; Emergency Powers
Delegation of Emergency Powers
SANLAKAS v. Executive Secretary, 421 SCRA 656 [2004]
Ampatuan v. Hon. DILG Sec. Puno, GR 190259, June 7, 2011
Sec. 24. Bills Originating in the House of Representatives
Guingona v. Carague- 196 SCRA 221 [1991]
Tolentino v. Secretary of Finance- 235 SCRA 630 [1994]
Alvarez v. Guingona- 292 SCRA 695 [1998]
Southern Cross Cement v. Phil. Cement, GR 158540, July 8, 2004
Appropriation of Public Revenue for Public Purpose
Pascual v. Secretary of Public Works- 110 PHIL. 331 [1960-1961]
Sec. 25. Rules on Appropriation
Limits on Power to Appropriate
12
Brillantes v. Comelec, GR 163193, June 15, 2004

Prohibition of Increase
Prohibition on riders in appropriation bills
Garcia v. Mata- 65 SCRA [1975]
Atitiw v. Zamora, GR 143374, Sept. 30, 2005
Farinas v. Executive Secretary, GR 147387, Dec. 10, 2003
Transfer of Funds
Demetria v. Alba- 148 SCRA 208 [1987]
Liga v. COMELEC- 232 SCRA 219 [1994]
Nazareth v. Villar, G.R. No. 188635, 29 January 2013, 689 SCRA 385
Pichay v. Office of the Deputy Executive Secretary, G.R. No. 196425, 24 July 2012, 677
SCRA 408
Philconsa v. Enriquez- 235 SCRA 506
Sanchez v. COA- 552 SCRA 471
Araullo v. President Aquino III, GR No. 209287, July 1, 2014
Sec. 26.Subject and Title of Bills; Three Readings
General Prohibition of Riders
Cordero v. Cabatuando- 6 SCRA 418 [1962]
Philconsa v. Gimenez- 15 SCRA 479 [1965]
Alalayan v. NPC- 24 SCRA 172 [1968]
Insular Lumber Company v. CTA- 104 SCRA 710 [1981]
Tio v. Vediogram Regulatory Board- 151 SCRA 208 [1987]
Phil. Judges Assn. v. Prado- 227 SCRA 703 [1993]
Tolentino v. Secretary of Finance- 235 SCRA 630 [1994]
Tobias v. Abalos- 239 SCRA 106 [1994]
Tatad v. Sec. of DOE- 281 SCRA 330 [1997]
De Guzman v. Comelec, GR 146319, October 26, 2001
Abakada v. Ermita- 469 SCRA 1 and MR [Sept. 1, 2005 & Oct. 18, 2005]
BANAT v. COMELEC- 595 SCR 477 [2009]
Datu Michael Abas Kida v. Senate of the Philippines, GR 196271, 18 October 2011
Sec. 27. Procedure in Passage of Bills; Item Veto
Passage of Bills
Arroyo v. De Venecia, 277 SCRA 268 [1997]
Abakada v. Ermita- 469 SCRA 1
Presidential Veto
CIR v .CTA- 185 SCRA 329 [1990]
Gonzales v. Macaraig- 191 SCRA 452 [1990]
Bengzon v. Drilon- 208 SCRA 133 [1992]
Philconsa v. Enriquez- 235 SCRA 506 [1994]
Item Veto
13
Belgica v. ES, 2013: For the President to exercise his item-veto power, it necessarily follows
that there exists a proper "item" which may be the object of the veto. An item of
appropriation must be an item characterized by singular correspondence meaning an
allocation of a specified singular amount for a specified singular purpose, otherwise known as
a "line-item."211 This treatment not only allows the item to be consistent with its definition as
a "specific appropriation of money" but also ensures that the President may discernibly veto
the same. what beckons constitutional infirmity are appropriations which merely provide for
a singular lump-sum amount to be tapped as a source of funding for multiple purposes. Since
such appropriation type necessitates the further determination of both the actual amount to be
expended and the actual purpose of the appropriation which must still be chosen from the
multiple purposes stated in the law, it cannot be said that the appropriation law already
indicates a "specific appropriation of money and hence, without a proper line-item which the
President may veto
Sec. 28. Taxation
Scope and Purpose
Planters v. Fertiphil- 548 SCRA 485
Limitations on the Power: Uniform and Equitable
CIR v. CA- 261 SCRA 236 [1996]
CIR v. Lingayen Gulf 164 SCRA 27
Tolentino v. Sec. of Finance- 235 SCRA 506
Tan v. Del Rosario- 237 SCRA 324 [1994]
Progressive System
Delegated Tax Legislation
Southern Cross Cement v. Phil. Cement, GR 158540, July 8, 2004
Abakada v. Ermita- 469 SCRA 1 [2005]
Spouses Constantino v. Cuisia, GR 106064, Oct. 13. 2005
Exemptions
Abra Valley College v. Aquino- 162 SCRA 106 [1988]
Bayan v. Zamora, GR 138570, October 10,2000
Republic v. City of Kidapawan- 477 SCRA 324 [2005]
John Hay Peoples Alternative Coalition v. Lim, GR 119775, Oct. 24, 2003
Lung Center v. QC, GR 144104, June 29, 2004
Sec. 29. Fiscal Powers of Congress; Limitations; Special Funds
Fiscal Powers of Congress
Pascual v. Secretary of Public Works- 110 PHIL. 331 [1960-1961]
MIAA v. Mabunay- GR 126151, January 20, 2000
Guingona v. Carague- 169 SCRA 221 [1991]
COMELEC v. Hon. Quijano- GR 151992, September 18, 2002
Araullo v. President Aquino III, GR No. 209287, July 1, 2014
Special Funds
Gaston v. Republic Planters Bank- 158 SCRA 626 [1988]
14
Osmena v. Orbos- 220 SCRA 703 [1993]

Philippine Coconut v. Republic- 663 SCRA 514 [2012]
Sec. 30. Appellate Jurisdiction of the Supreme Court
First Lepanto Ceramics v. CA- 237 SCRA 519 [1994]
Diaz v. CA- 238 SCRA 785 [1994]
Fabian v. Desierto, GR 129742, September 16, 1998
Villavert v. Desierto, 326 SCRA 355 [2000]
Tirol v. COA, GR 133954, August 3, 2000
Cabrera v. Lapid- 510 SCRA 55 [2006]
Sec. 31. Titles of Royalty and Nobility
Sec. 32. Initiative and Referendum
Garcia v. COMELEC, 237 SCRA 279 (1994)
SBMA v. COMELEC- 262 SCRA 492 [1996]
Defensor- Santiago v. COMELEC- 270 SCRA 106 [1997]
Lambino v. COMELEC, GR 174153, GR 174299, October 25, 2006
Article VII: Executive Department
Section 1. Executive Power; Privileges; Immunities
Scope of Power
Marcos v. Manglapus- 177 SCRA 668 [1989]
Example of exercise
Valid Exercise
Webb v. de Leon- 247 SCRA 652
Djumantan v. Domingo- 240 SCRA 746 [1995]
Chavez v. PCGG- GR 130716, December 9, 1998
Pontejos v. Ombudsman- 483 SCRA 83 [2006]
Banda v. Ermita- 618 SCRA 499 [2010]
Invalid Exercise
Laurel v. Garcia- 187 SCRA 797 [1990]
Review Center v. Ermita- 583 SCRA 42 [2009]
Biraogo v. Truth Commission- 637 SCRA 78 [2010]
Executive Privilege
US v. Nixon- 418 US 683 [1974]
Almonte v .Vasquez- 244 SCRA 286 [1995]
Senate v. Ermita- GR 169659, April 20, 2006 [E.O. 464]
Neri v. Senate- GR 180643, March 25, 2008
Akbayan v. Aquino- GR 170516, July 16, 2008
Immunity from Suit
Soliven v. Makasiar 167 SCRA 393 [1988]
15
Harlow v. Fitzgerald 457 US 800 [1982]

Clinton v. Jones 520 US 681 [1997]
Gloria v. CA- GR 119903, August 15, 2000
Estrada v. Desierto- GR 146740-15 and GR 146738, March 2, 2001 and MR- April 3, 2001
David v. Arroyo- 289 SCRA 162 [2006]
The Cabinet
Constantino v. Cuisia- 472 SCRA 505 [2005]
Section 2. Qualifications of the President
Tecson v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 161434, March 3, 2004
Section 3. Vice President
Section 4. Election, Term Limits and Canvass
Anson-Roa v. Arroyo, GR 162384, March 24, 2004
Congress as National Board of Canvassers
Brillantes v. COMELEC- 432 SCRA [2005]
Pimentel v. Joint Committee- GR 163783, June 22, 2004
Lopez v. Senate- GR 163556, June 8, 2004
BANAT v. COMELEC, GR 177508, August 7, 2009
Breaking President or Vice-President Tie
Presidential or Vice- Presidential Controversies
Defensor- Santiago v. Ramos- 253 SCRA 559 [1996]
Tecson v. Lim- 424 SCRA 277 [2005]
Poe v. GMA, Pet Case No. 002, March 29, 2005
Macalintal v. PET- 635 SCRA 783 [2010]
Term Limit on the President
Pormento v. Estrada, GR 191988, August 31, 2010
Section 5. Oath
Section 6. Official Residence; Salary
Section 7. Vacancy at the Beginning of the Term of the Presidency
Section 8. Vacancy During the Term of the Presidency
Estrada v. Desierto, 353 SCRA 452, 2001; MR, 356 SCRA 108, 2001
Lozano, et al v. Macapagal-Arroyo, February 6, 2001
Section 9. Vacancy in the Vice Presidency
Section 10. Vacancies in Both the Presidency and the Vice Presidency
Section 11. Incapacity of the President
Estrada v. Desierto, 353 SCRA 452, 2001; MR, 356, SCRA 108, 2001
16
Section 12. Serious Illness of the President

Section 13. Prohibitions
Rafael v. Embroidery & Apparel Control Board- 21 SCRA 336 [1967]
CLU v. Exec. Secretary- 194 SCRA 317 [1991]
Flores v. Drilon, 223 SCRA 568, 1993
Bitonio v. COA, G.R. no. 147392, March 12, 2004
Public Interest Group v. Elma, GR No. 138965, June 30, 2006
De la Cruz v. COA, GR 138489, November 27, 2001
Funa v. Ermita- 612 SCRA 308 [2010]
Enrique U. Betoy v. The Board of Directors, National Power Corporation, GR 15655657, 04
October 2011
Other Prohibitions
Doromal v. Sandiganbayan- 177 SCRA 354 [1989]
Section 14. Appointments of Acting President
Section 15. Prohibited Appointments
In Re Appointments of Valenzuela and Vallarta, AM No. 98-5-01-SC, Nov. 9, 1998
De la Rama v. CA, G.R. No. 131136, Feb. 28, 2001
De Castro v. Judicial and Bar Council, GR No. 191002, April 20, 2010 and May 1, 2010
Section 16. Power to Appoint; Commission on Appointments
Nature of the Appointing Power
Government v. Springer- 50 PHIL 259 [1927]
Bermudez v. Exec, Secretary- GR 131429 [August 4, 1999]
Datu Michael Abas Kida v. Senate of the Philippines, reconsideration, GR 196271, February
2012
Kinds of Presidential Appointments
Pimentel v. Ermita- 471 SCRA 587 [2005]
Scope of the Power of the Commission on Appointments
Sarmiento III v. Mison- 156 SCRA 549 [1987]
Bautista v. Salonga- 172 SCRA 1260 [1989]
Quintos- Deles v. CA- 177 SCRA 259 [1989]
Pobre v. Mendieta- 224 738 [1993]
Flores v. Drilon- GR 104732, June 22, 1993
Rufino v. Endriga- 496 SCRA 13 [2006]
Congress Requiring Confirmation by the Commission on Appointments on Other
Appointments
Calderon v. Carale- 208 SCRA 254 [1992]
U-sing v. NLRC- 221 SCRA 680 [1993]
Tarrosa v. Singson- 232 SCRA 553 [1994]
Manolo v. Sistoza- 312 SCRA 239 [1999]
Soriano v. Lista, GR 153881, March 24, 2004
17
Recess or Ad- Intern Appointments and Temporary Appointments

Pimentel v. Ermita, GR 164978, October 13, 2005
Section 17. Power of Control
Lacson-Magallanes v. Pano 21 SCRA 395, 1967
Maceda v. Macaraig, Jr 197 SCRA 771
Roque v. Director of Lands, L-25373, July 1, 1976
Ang-Angco v. Castillo 9 SCRA 619, 1963
NAMARCO v. Arca 29 SCRA 648, 1969
Drilon v. Lim 235 SCRA 135, 1994
Joson v. Torres 290 SCRA 279, 1998
PASEI v. Torres-225 SCRA 417 [1993]
De Leon v. Carpio- 178 SCRA 457 [1989]
Hutchison v. SBMA- GR 131367, August 31, 2000
Dadole v. COA, GR No. 125350, Dec. 3, 2002
Domingo v. Zamora, GR 142283, Feb. 6, 2003
DENR v. DENR Employees, GR No. 149724, Aug. 19, 2003
Villaluz v. Zaldivar, 15 SCRA 710
Chavez v. Romulo- 431 SCRA 534 [2004]
KMU v. Dir.-Gen. of NEDA- 487 SCRA 623 [2006]
Tondo Medical Center Employees v. CA, GR No. 167324, July 17, 2007
Malaria Employees v. Executive Secretary, GR No. 160093, July 31, 2007
Orosa v. Roa, GR No. 14047, July 14, 2006
Phillips Seafood v. BOI, GR No. 175787, February 4, 2009
Biraogo v. Truth Commission, GR No. 192935, December 7, 2010
Angeles v. Gaite- 605 SCRA 409 [2009]
Boy Scouts of the Philippines v. Commission on Audit, GR 177131, 07 June 2011
Power of Supervision
Drilon v. Lim- 235 SCRA 135 [1994]
Faithful Execution Clause
PRA v. Bunag, GR 143784, Feb. 5, 2003
Romualdez v. Sandiganbayan, GR 152259, July 29, 2004
Section 18. Presidents Powers as Commander in Chief
Lansang vs. Garcia, 42 SCRA 448
Aberca v. Ver, 160 SCRA 590
IBP v. Zamora, GR 141284, August 15, 2000
Lacson v. Perez, GR 147780-81, 147799 and 1477810, May 10, 2001
Sanlakas v. Executive Secretary, GR No. 159085, February 3, 2004
David v. Macapagal-Arroyo, GR 171396, May 2006
David v. Ermita, GR No. 171409, May 3, 2006
Gudani v. Senga, GR No. 170165, April 15, 2006
Ampatuan v. Puno, 651 SCRA 228
Fortun v. Arroyo, GR 190293, March 20,2012
Section 19. Executive Clemency
18
Purpose of Executive Clemency

Cristobal v. Labrador 71 PHIL 34 [1940-1941]
Constitutional Limits on Executive Clemency
Llamas v. Orbos 202 SCRA 844 [1991]
People v. Salle- 250 SCRA 581 [1995]
People v. Bacang 260 SCRA 44 [1996]
Drilon v. CA 202 SCRA 378 [1991]
Torres v. Gonzales 152 SCRA 272 [1987]
People v. Casido 269 SCRA 360 [1997]
Pardon: Nature and Legal Effects
Monsanto v. Factoran 170 SCRA 190 [1989]
Garcia v. COA 226 SCRA 356 [1993]
Sabello v. Department of Education, GR No. 87687, December 26, 1989
People v. Salle, Jr GR No. 103567, December 4, 1995
Garcia v. COA, 226 SCRA 356, 1993
Echegaray v. Sec. of Justice, GR No. 132601, Jan 19, 1999
Section 20. Foreign Loans
Spouses Constantino v. Cuisia, GR 106064, October 13, 2005
Section 21. Foreign Relations: Senate Concurrence in International Agreements
USAFFE Veterans Association v. Treasurer, 105 PHIL 1030, 1959
Gonzales v. Hechanova- 9 SCRA 230 [1963]
World Health Organization v. Aquino, 48 SCRA 242
Bayan v. Executive Secretary Zamora, 343 SCRA 449, 2000
Pimentel v. Executive Secretary, 2005
Lim v. Executive Secretary, GR No. 151445, April 11, 2002
Secretary of Justice v. Judge Lantion, GR No. 139465, Oct. 17, 2000
Abaya v. Ebdane- 315 SCRA 720 (2007)
Pharmaceutical v. DOH- GR 173034, October 9, 2007
Vinuya v. Executive Secretary, GR No. 162230, April 28, 2010
Bayan Muna v. Romulo, 641 SCRA 244
Other Foreign Affairs Power
Vinuya v. Romulo- 619 SCRA 533 [2010]
Article VIII: Judicial Department
Section 1. Judicial Power
Definition and Scope
Marbury v. Madison Cranch 137 [1803]
Santiago v. Baustista 32 SCRA 188 [1970]
Radiowealth v. Agregado 86 Phil. 429 [1950]
In re Laureta 148 SCRA 382 [1987]
In re Borromeo 241 SCRA 405 [1995]
19
Echegaray v. Secretary of Justice GR 132601, January 19, 1999

Planters v. Fertiphil 548 SCRA 485 [2008]
RE: Letter to UP Law Faculty, A.M. No. 10-10-4-C, June 7, 2011
Pichay v. Office of the Deputy Executive Secretary - 677 SCRA 408 [2012]
Limits
Manila Electric Co. v. Pasay Transit Co. 57 Phil. 60 [1932-1933]
Noblejas v. Teehankee 23 SCRA 405 [1968]
Erdito Quarto v. Honorable Ombudsman Simeon Marcelo, et al., GR 169042, 05 October
2011
Principle of Judicial Restraint
Francisco Jr v. House of Representatives, G.R. No. 160261, 10 November 2003
Grave Abuse of Discretion
PCGG v. Desierto, GR 132120 , Feb. 10, 2003
Domingo v. Scheer 421 SCRA 468 [2004]
Presidential Ad Hoc v. Desierto 548 SCRA 295 [2008]
Reyes v. Belisario 596 SCRA 31 [2009]
Eloisa L. Tolentino v. Atty. Roy M. Loyola, et al., GR 153809, 27 July 2011
Advisory Opinions
Channie Tan v. Republic, 107 PHIL 632
Santiago, Jr v. Bautista, 32 SCRA 188
Felipe v. Leuterio, 91 PHIL 482
Director of Prisons v. Ang Cho Kio 33 SCRA 494 [1970]
Justiciable Controversy
Angara v. Electoral Commission, 63 Phil 134
US v. Nixon- 418 US 683 [1974]
Marcos v. Manglapus 177 SCRA 668 [1989]
Daza v, Singson 180 SCRA 496 [1989]
Garcia v. BOI 191 SCRA 288 [1990]
Djumantan v. Domingo 240 SCRA 746 [1995]
Mariano v. COMELEC 242 SCRA 211 [1995]
PPI v COMELEC -224 SCRA 272
SBMA v. COMELEC 262 SCRA 492 [1996]
Tanada v. Angara 272 SCRA 18 [1997]
Arroyo v. De Venecia -277 SCRA 268 [1997]
CIR v. Santos 277 SCRA 617 [1997]
Garcia-Rueda v. Pascasio 278 SCRA 769[1997]
Defensor-Santiago v. Guingona, GR 134577, November 18, 1997
Tatad v. DOE 281 SCRA 330 [1997]
Telecom v. COMELEC - 289 SCRA 337 [1998]
Miranda v. Aguirre GR 133064, September 16, 1999
Cutaran v. DENR 350 SCRA 697 [2001]
Estrada v. Desierto GR 146740-15, March 2, 2001 and MR April 3, 2001
Cawaling v. COMELEC GR 146319, October 23, 2001
Montesclaros v. COMELEC GR 152295, July 9, 2002
John Hay Peoples Alternative Coalition v. Lim, GR 119775, October 24, 2003
20
Velarde v. Social Justice Society, GR 159357, April 28, 2004

Panganiban v. Philippine Shell, GR 131471, Jan. 22, 2003
SMART v. NTC, GR 151908, August 12, 2003
Buac v. COMELEC 421 SCRA 92
Information Technology v. COMELEC -460 SCRA 291
Senate v. Ermita, GR 169659, April 20, 2006
Garcia v. Executive Secretary 583 SCRA 119 [2009]
Distinguish from Declaration Relief
Macasiano v. NHA 224 SCRA 236 [1993]
Tano v. Socrates 278 SCRA 154 [1997]
Conclusive Character of Supreme Court Judgment
In re Subpoena Duces Tecum dated Jan. 11, 2011 614 SCRA 1
Plenary Judicial Power; Derivative; PET
Macalintal v. PET 635 SCRA 783 [2010]
Sec. 2. Power of Legislative Apportion Jurisdiction
Mantruste Systems v. CA -179 SCRA 136 [1989]
Malaga v. Penachos 213 SCRA 516 [1992]
Lupangco v. CA, 160 SCRA 848 (1988)
Sec. 3 Fiscal Autonomy
Radiowealth v. Agregado 86 Phil. 429 [1950]
Bengzon v. Drilon, 208 SCRA 133 (1992)
In re clarifying and strengthening the Philippine Judicial Academy 481 SCRA 1
RE: Petition for the recognition of the exemption of GSIS, A.M. No. 08-2-01-0, February 11,
2010
In re COA Opinion on Computation of Appraised Value of Properties -678 SCRA 1 [2012]
Sec. 4. Composition; En Banc and Division Cases
Filling-in Vacancy in Supreme Court; 90 days
De Castro v. JBC 615 SCRA 666 [2010]
Referral to En Banc; Par. 3; Case Only; Modification of Doctrine
Fortich v. Corona GR 131457, August 19, 1997
People v. Dy, GR 115326-37, Jan. 16, 2003
People v. Ebio, GR 147750, Sept 29, 2004
Firestone Ceramics v. CA, GR No. 127245, June 28, 2000
Republic v. Garcia 527 SCRA 495 [2007]
Apo Fruits Corporation and Hijo Plantation, Inc v. Land Bank of the Philippines, GR 164195,
05 April 2011.
In re; Letter of Atty. Estelito P. Mendoza Re: G.R. No. 178083 Flight Attendant and
Stewards Association of the Philippines (FASAP) v. Philippine Airlines, Inc (PAL), et al.,
A.M. No. 11-10-1-SC, 13 March 2012
21
Sec. 5. Powers of Supreme Court

Judicial Review
Requisites
Macasiano v. NHA 224 SCRA 236 [1993]
Liban v. Gordon 639 SCRA 709 [2011]
Belgica v. ES, GR 208566, November 19, 2013
Administrative Agencies; No Power
Serrano v. Gallant 582 SCRA 254 [2009]
First: Ripe for Adjudication
PACU v. Secretary of Education 97 Phil. 806 [1955]
Tan v. Macapagal 43 SCRA 678 [1972]
Solicitor General v. MMDA GR 102782, December 18, 1991
Militante
v.
CA,
GR
107040,
April
Pimentel v. HRET GR 14189, November 29, 2002
Constantino v. Cuisia 472 SCRA 505
Senate v. Ermita 488 SCRA 1 [2006]
David v. Arroyo 489 SCRA 162 [2006]
Suplico v. NEDA GR 178830, July 14, 2008
Province of North Cotabato v. GRP Panel
Lozano v. Nograles 589 SCRA 356 [2009]
Drilon v. De Venecia 594 SCRA 749 [2009]
De Castro v. JBC 615 SCRA 666 [2010]
LAMP v. Sec. of Budget and Management 670 SCRA 373 [2012]
Second: Standing
Legislators and Government Officials
Gonzales v. Macaraig, Jr.- 191 SCRA 452 [1990]
Del Mar v. PAGCOR, GR 138298, November 29, 2000
Sandoval v. PAGCOR- GR 138982, November 29, 2000
Jaworski v. PAGCOR- 419 SCRA 420
SANLAKAS v. Executive Secretary, GR 159085, Feb. 3, 2004
Farinas v. Executive Secretary, GR 147387, Dec. 10, 2003
Province of Batangas v. Romulo- 429 SCRA 736 [2004]
Disomangcop v. Datumanong-444 SCRA 203 [2004]
CHR- employees v. CHR- 444 SCRA 300 [2004]
Pimentel v. Executive Secretary- 462 SCRA 622
Pimentel v. Ermita- 495 SCRA 170 [2006]
Prov. Of North Cotabato v. GRP Peace Panel- 564 SCRA 402 [2008]
Concepcion v. COMELEC- 591 SCRA 420 [2009]
Drilon v. De Venecia- 594 SCRA 749 [2009]
Biraogo v. PTC- 637 SCRA 78 [2010]
Taxpayers
Pascual v. Secretary of Public Works- 110 PHIL 331 [1960-1961]
Gonzales v. Marcos- 65 SCRA 624 [1975]
22
12,
2000
Gonzales v. Narvasa, GR 140835, August 14, 2000

Information Technology Foundation v. Comelec, GR 159131, Jan. 13 2004.
Sanlakas v. Executive Secretary- 421 SCRA 656 [2004]
Velarde v. SJS- 428 SCRA 283 [2004]
Brillantes v. COMELEC- 432 SCRA 269 [2004]
Domingo v. Carague- 456 SCRA 450
Republic v. Nolasco- 457 SCRA 400
Constantino v. Cuisia- 472 SCRA 305
Abaya v. Ebdane- 515 SCRA 720 [2007]
Planters v. Fertiphil- 548 SCRA 485 [2008]
Roque v. COMELEC- 599 SCRA 62 [2009]
Mamba v. Lara, GR 165109, December 14, 2009
De la Llana v. Chairperson, COA- 665 SCRA 176 [2012]
Galicto v. Aquino-667 SCRA 150 [2012]
Initiatives for Dialogue v. PSALM- 682 SCRA 602 [2012]
Citizens and Associations; Transcendental Importance
Legaspi v. CSC- 150 SCRA 530 [1987]
Oposa v. Factoran- 224 SCRA 792 [1993]
PASEI v. Torres-225 SCRA 417 [1993]
Joya v. PCGG- 225 SCRA 540 [1995]
Kilosbayan v. Morato- 246 SCRA 436 [1995]
Tatad v. Garcia 243 SCRA 436 [1995]
Board of Optometry v. Colet- 260 SCRA 88 [1996]
Anti-Graft League of the Philippines- 260 SCRA 250 [1996]
Telecom v. COMELEC- 289 SCRA 337 [1998]
Chavez v. PCGG- GR 130716 [May 19,1999]
IBP v. Zamora- GR 141284 [August 15, 2000]
Bayan v. Zamora- GR 138570, October 10, 2000
Cruz v. Secretary of DENR- gr 135385, December 6, 2000
Lozano v. Macapagal-Arroyo GR 146579, February 6, 2001
Lim v. Exec. Secretary- GR 151445 April 11, 2002
Chavez v. PEA- GR 133250, July 9, 2002
Tolentino v. COMELEC- 420 SCRA 438 [2004]
Agan v. PIATCO- 420 SCRA 575 [2004]
Tichangco v. Enriquez- 433 SCRA 324 [2004]
Automotive Industry Workers Alliance v. Rumolo- 449 SCRA 1
Pimentel v. Office of the Executive Secretary- 462 SCRA 622
Purok v. Yuipco- 489 SCRA 382 [2006]
David v. Arroyo- 489 SCRA 162 [2006]
Holy Spirit v. Defensor- 497 SCRA 581 [2006]
Henares v. LTFRB- 505 SCRA 104 [2006]
Francisco v. Fernando- 507 SCRA [2006]
Public interest Center v. Roxas- 513 SCRA 457 [2007]
Garcia v. J.G. Summit- 516 SCRA 483 [2007]
Kilosbayan v. Ermita- 526 SCRA 353 [2007]
Tondo Medical v. CA- 527 SCRA 746 [2007]
Anak Mindanao v. Executive Secretary- 531 SCRA 583 [2007]
23
Pharmaceutical v. Duque- 535 SCRA 265

Chavez v. Gonzales-545 SCRA 441 [2008]
Akbayan v. Aquino- 558 SCRA 468 [2008]
SJS v. Dangerous Drugs Board- 570 SCRA 410 [2008]
Garcillano v. House- GR 170338, Dec. 23,2008
White Light v. City of Manila- 576 SCRA 416 [2009]
Chamber of Real Estete v. Romulo- 614 SCRA 605 [2010]
Chamber of Real Estate v. ERC- 624 SCRA 556 [2010]
Southern Hemisphere v. ATC- 632 SCRA 146 [2010]
Orlando A. Reyes v. City of Manila, GR 196063, 14 December 2011.
Jelbert B. Galicto v. H.E. President Benigno Simeon C. Aquino, III, GR 193978, 28 February
2012.
Bayan v. Romulo- 641 SCRA 244 [2011]
Magallona v. Ermita- 655 SCRA 476 [2011]
Other Rules: Raise at Earliest Opportunity and Constitutionality is the Very Lis Mota
People v. Vera- 65 PHIL. 56 [1937-1938]
Mirasol v. CA- 351 SCRA 44 [2001]
Matibag v. Benipayo- 380 SCRA 49 [2002]
La Bugal v. Ramos- 421 SCRA 148 [2004]
Estarja v. Ranada- 492 SCRA 652 [2006]
Moldex v. HLURB- 525 SCRA 198 [2007]
Gobenciong v. CA- 550 SCRA 502 [2008]
Heirs v. Marasigan- 548 SCRA 409 [2008]
Abakada v. Purisima- 562 SCRA 251 [2008]
ABS- CBN v. Phil. Multi-Media- 576 SCRA 262 [2009]
CSC v. Andal- 608 SCRA 370 [2009]
BPI v. Shemberg- 628 SCRA 70 [2010]
Macalintal v. PET- 635 SCRA 783 [2010]
Sergio I. Carbonilla, et al. v. Board of Airlines Representatives, GR 193247,
Office of the President v. Board of Airlines Representatives GR 194276, 14 September 2011
Reiterating Moldex v. HLURB
Hacienda Luisita v. PARC, GR 171101, November 22, 2011
Sana v. CESB, GR 192926, November 15, 2011
Gamboa v. Teves- 652 SCRA 690 [2011]
Moot Cases
David v. Arroyo, 489 SCRA 162 (2006)
Suplico v. NEDA, GR 178830, July 14, 2008
Mattel Inc. v. Francisco, GR No. 166886, July 30, 2008
Araullo, et al v. Aquino, et al, GR No. 209287, July 1, 2014 (p. 22)
Narra Nickel Mining v. Redmont Consolidated Mines Corp, GR 195580, April 21, 2014
Political Questions; Requisites
Baker v. Carr- 369 US 169 [1962]
Torrecampo v. Metropolitan- 649 SCRA 482 [2011]
24
Textually Demonstrable Commitment

Osmena v. Pendatun- 109 PHIL. 683 [1960]
Arroyo v. De Venecia- 277 SCRA 268 [1997]
Defensor-Santiago v. Guingona- GR 134577, November 18, 1998
ICMC v. Calleja- GR 85750, September 28, 1990
Tanada v. Angara, 272 SCRA 18 [1997]
Garcia v. Corona, GR 132451, Dec. 17, 1999
Judicially Discoverable and Manageable Standards
Liang v. People- GR 125865, March 26, 2001
Effect of Unconstitutionality; Par. 2(a); Operative Fact Doctrine
Article 7, New Civil Code
De Agbayani v. PNB- 38 SCRA 429 [1971]
Philippine Coconut v. Republic, supra.
Hacienda Luisita, Inc. v. Presidential Agrarian Reform Council, GR 171101, Nov. 22, 2011
(Operative Fact Doctrine applies to unconstitutional executive act)
CIR v. San Roque Power Corporation, GR 187485, Oct 8, 2013 (Operative Fact Doctrine
does not apply to a mere administrative practice; there must be a law or executive issuance)
Automatic Review; Paragraph 2 (d)
Garcia, et al. v. People- 318 SCRA 434
Pearson v. IAC, GR 74454, Sept. 3, 1998
People v. Mateo- 433 SCRA 640
People v. Duavis, GR 190681, 07 December 2011
Question of Law; Paragraph 2(e)
Cebu Womans Club v. De la Victoria- GR 120060 [March 9, 2000]
Change of Venue; Paragraph 4
People v. Gutierrez- 36 SCRA 172 [1970]
Power to Promulgate Rules; Paragraph 5
Enforcement of Constitutional Rights, Pleading, Practice, and Procedure in All Courts
First Lepanto v. CA- 231 SCRA 30 [1994]
Lina v. Purisima- 82 SCRA 344 [1978]
Santero v. CFI- Cavite- 153 SCRA 728 [1965]
Damasco v. Laqui- 166 SCRA 214 [1988]
Carpio v. Sulu Resources- GR 148267, August 8, 2002
Baguio Market Vendors v. Hon. Cortes- GR 165922, February 26, 2010
In re Petition for Recognition- 612 SCRA 193 [2010]
In re Exemption of NPC- 615 SCRA 1 [2010]
In re: in the matter of clarification of Exemption from payment of all Court Sheriffs Fees of
Cooperatives, A.M. 12-2-03-0,13 March 2012-668 SCRA 1 [2012]
Sto. Tomas v. Paneda- 685 SCRA 245 [2012]
Admission to the Practice of Law, the Integrated Bar, Disciplinary Powers, and Legal
Assistance to the Underprivileged
In re Cunanan- 94 PHIL. 534 [953-1954]
Javellana v. DILG 212 SCRA 475 [1992]
25
Velez v. De Vera- A.C. No. 6697, July 25, 2006

In re letter of UP Law Faculty- 644 SCRA 543 [2011]
Limits of Power
Simplified and Inexpensive Procedure for Speedy Disposition
Uniform for All Courts of the Same Grade
Not diminish, increase, or modify substantive rights
Bustos v. Lucero- 81 PHIL. 648 [1948]
PNB v. Asuncion- 80 SCRA 321 [1977]
Fabian v. Desierto, GR 129742, September 16, 1998
People v. Lacson- 400 SCRA 267 [2003]
Planters v. Fertiphil- 426 SCRA 414 [2004]
Tan v. Bausch- 478 SCRA 115 [2005]
Republic v. Gingoyon- 478 SCRA 474 [2005]
Camp John Hay v. BIR- GR 172457, December 24, 2008
Procedure of Special Sourts and Quasi-Judicial Bodies Effective Unless Disapproved by
SC
LBP v. De Leon- GR 143275, September 10, 2002
Tan v. COMELEC- 507 SCRA 352 [2006]
Supervision Over the Judiciary
Ampong v. CSC- 563 SCRA 293 [2008]
Sec. 6. Supervision of Courts
Maceda v. Vasquez- 221 SCRA 464 [1993]
De Vera v. Pelayo, GR 137354, July 6, 2000;
Caoibes v. Ombudsman, G.R. No. 132177, July 19,2001;
Fuentes v. OMB, GR 124295, October 23, 2001
Dolalas v. Office of the Ombudsman-265 SCRA 819 [1996]
Garcia v. De la Pena, 299 SCRA 776 [1994]
Maningas v. Barcenas, AM P-99-1315, Nov. 3, 1999
Gorospe v. Sandoval, AM RTJ-00-1534, Feb. 15, 2000
Caoibes v. Ombudsman, GR 132177, July 19, 2001
Fuentes v. Ombudsman, GR 124295, Oct. 23, 2001
Adajar v. Develos- 475 SCRA 361 [2005]
Garcia v. Miro- 582 SCRA 127 [2009]
Escalona v. Padillo, AM P-10-2785, September 21, 2010
Sec. 7. Qualifications of Members of Judiciary
In re JBC v. Judge Quitain, JBC No. 013, August 22, 2007
Kilosbayan v. Ermita, GR No. 177721, July 3, 2007
Topacio v. Ong, GR No. 179895, December 15, 2008
Sec. 8. Judicial and Bar Council
Composition
Chavez v. JBC-676 SCRA 579 [2012]
De Castro v. JBC- 615 SCRA 666 [2010]
Sec. 9. Appointment of Justices and Judges
26
Sec. 10. Diminution of Salary

Nitafan v. CIR- 152 SCRA 284 [1987]
Sec. 11. Security of Tenure; Power to Discipline
Vargas v. Rilloraza- 80 PHIL. 297 [1948]
De La Llana v. Alba- 112 SCRA 294 [1982]
People v. Gacott- 246 SCRA 52 [1995]
Lumpas v. Tamin, AM no. RTJ-99-1519
Sec. 12. Non-Judicial Assignments
In Re Judge Manzano, 166 SCRA 246
Macalintal v. Presidential Electoral Tribunal, 635 SCRA 783 [2010]
Sec. 13. Conclusions of the Supreme Court-How Reached?
Consing v. Court of Appeals, GR 78272, August 29, 1989
Sec. 14. Contents of Decision; Petition for Review; Motion for Reconsideration
Decision expressing clearly and distinctly the facts and the law on which it is based
Sufficient
Air France v. Carrascoso- 18 SCRA 155 [1966]
People v. Bravo- 227 SCRA 285 [1993]
Hernandez v. CA- 208 SCRA 429 [1993]
Francisco v. Permskul- 173 SCRA 324 [1989]
People v. Landicho- 285 SCRA 1 [1996]
People v. Co- 245 SCRA 733 [1995]
People v. Macoy- 275 SCRA 1 [1997]
ABD v. NLRC- 286 SCRA 454 [1998]
People v. Gastador, GR 123727 [April 14, 1999]
People v. Ordonez, GR 136591, July 10, 2000
People v. Orbita, GR 1365891, July 11, 2002
Lorbes v. CA, 351 SCRA 716
People v. Mendoza, GR 143702, Sept. 13, 2001
Asia Traders v. CA- 423 SCRA 114 [2004]
Tichangco v. Enriquez- 433 SCRA 324 [2004]
Ceferina Lopez Tan v. Spouses Antazo, GR 187208, 23 February 2011.
Donnina C. Halley v. Printwell, Inc. GR 157549, 30 May 2011.
Hon. Waldo Q. Flores v. Atty. Antonio F. Montemayor, GR 17046, 8 June 2011
Reiting Solid Homes v. Laserna. Art VIII, Section 14 applies only to the judiciary)
Insufficient
People v. Escober- 157 SCRA 541 [1988]
Nicos v. CA 206 SCRA 127 [1992]
People v. Viernas 262 SCRA 641 [1996]
People v. Bugarin 273 SCRA 384 [1997]
People v. Nadera 342 SCRA 490 [2000]
Madrid v. CA, GR 130683, May 31 2000
Yao v. CA, GR 132428, October 24, 2000
People v. Dumaging, GR 135516, September 20, 2000
Ong Chiu Kwan, GR 13006, November 23, 2000
27
Spouse Yu Eng Cho v. Pan America World Airways, Inc., GR 123560, March 27, 2000
Kao v. C.A., G.R. No. 105014, December 18,2001
People v. Pastor, 379 SCRA 181 (2002)
People v. Lizada, GR 143468, Jan 24, 2003
Consing v. CA-425 SCRA 192 [2004]
Velarde v. SJS-428 SCRA 283 [2004]
Report on the Judicial Audit (MTC of Tambulig)- 472 SCRA 419 [2005]
Lacurom v. Tienzo- 535 SCRA 252 [2007]
Salazar v. Marigomen- 537 SCRA 25 [2007]
De la Pena v. CA- 579 SCRA 396 [2009]
Office of the President and Presidential Anti- Graft Commission v. Calixto R. Cataquiz, GR
183445, 14 September 2011.
Republic of the Philippines (University of the Philippines) v. Legaspi, GR 177611, 18 April
2012
Legal basis must be stated if a petition for review or motion for reconsideration of a
decision shall be refused due course or denied
Borromeo v. CA- 186 SCRA 1 [1990]
JRB Realty v. CA-271 SCRA 229 [1997]
Komatsu v. CA-289 SCRA 604 [1998]
Martinez v. CA, GR 123547, May 21, 2001
Protacio v. Laya-582 SCRA 417 [2009]
Nationwide Security and Allied Services, Inc. v. Ronald P. Valderama, GR 186614, 23
February 2011. Reiterating Philippine Health care Providers, Inc. v. CIR.
Re: Verified Complaint of Engr. Oscar L. Ongjoco, A.M. OCA IPI No. 11-184-CA-J, 31
January 2012.
Agoy v. Araneta Center, GR 196358, 21 March 2012. Reiterating Borromeo v. CA
Sec. 15. Period for Making Decisions
Dizon v. Judge Lopez- 278 SCRA 483 [1997]
Mosquera v. Legaspi, AM RTJ-99-1511, July 10,2000
OCA v. Salva, AM RTJ-98-1412, July 19, 2000
Dela Cruz v. Bersamira, AM RTJ-00-1567, July 24, 2000
Heirs of Sucaldito v. Cruz, AM RTJ-991456, July 27, 2000
Sulla v. Ramos, AM-MTJ-00-1319, September 27, 2000
Seares v. Salazar, AM MTJ-98-1160, November 22, 2000
Gil v. Jonolo, AM RTJ-00-1602, December 5, 2000
Aslarona v. Echavez, AM RTJ-03-1803, Oct. 2, 2003
Unitrust Devt Bank v. Caoibes, AM RTJ-03-1745, Aug, 20, 2003
Re: Request of Judge Javellana, AM 01-6-314-RTC, June 19, 2003
Salud v. Alumbres, AM RTJ-00-1594, June 20,2003
Samson v. Mejia, AM RTJ-02-1710,June 17,2003
Supplemnent:
Sibayan-Joaquin v. Judge Javellana, A.M. No. RTJ-00-1601, Nov. 13,2001
Sec. 16. Report to the President and to Congress
Article IX: Constitutional Commissions
28
A. Common Provisions
Section 1. Independent Commissions
Macalintal v. COMELEC, GR 157013, July 10, 2003
Ombudsman v. Civil Service Commission, GR No. 159940, February 16, 2005
Section 2. Prohibition on Members
Section 3. Salary
Section 4. Power to Appoint
Section 5. Fiscal Autonomy
CSC v. DBM, 482 SCRA 233
Section 6. Promulgation of Rules
Macalintal v. COMELEC, GR No. 157013, July 10, 2003
Sabili v. COMELEC, GR 193261, April 24, 2012
Section 7. Decisions of the Commissions
Review of final orders, resolutions and decisions:
1. Rendered in the exercise of quasi-judicial functions
2. Rendered in the exercise of administrative functions
Filipinas Engineering and Machine Shop v. Ferrer, 135 SCRA 25
Saligumba v. CA, 117 SCRA 669
PTTC v. COA, 146 SCRA 190 (1986)
Cua v. COMELEC, 156 SCRA 582 (1987)
Estrella v. COMELEC, GR No. 160465, May 27, 2004
Mison v. COA, 187 SCRA 445 (1990)
Paredes v. COMELEC, 127 SCRA 653 (1984)
Ambil v. COMELEC, 344 SCRA 358 [2000]
Mateo v. CA, GR No. 113219, August 14, 1995
Reyes v. Regional Trial Court, GR No. 108886, May 5, 1995
ABS-CBN v. COMELEC, 323 SCRA 611
Salva v. Makalintal, GR 132603, September 18, 2000
Garces v. CA, GR. No. 114 795, July 17, 1996
Dumayas v. COMELEC, GR Nos. 141952-53, April 29, 2001
Aguilar v. COMELEC, GR No. 185140, June 30, 2009
Cayetano v. COMELEC, GR 193846, April 12, 2011
Dela Llana v. The Chairperson, COA, GR 180989, February 7, 2012
Cagas v. COMELEC, 663 SCRA 644 (2012)
Section 8. Other Functions
B. Civil Service Commission
Section 1. Composition; Qualifications; Term
29
Gaminde v. COA 347 SCRA 655 (2000)

Mathay Jr. v. CA, GR No. 124374, December 15, 1999
Section 2.Scope of the system
Cuevas v. Bacal, GR 139382, December 6 2000
Under Civil Service Law
PARAGRAPH 1
MWSS v. Hernandez 143 SCRA 602 [1986]
NSC v. NLRC 168 SCRA 122
UP v. Regino 221 SCRA 598 [1993]
Mateo v. CA 247 SCRA 284 [1995]
DOH v. NLRC 251 SCRA 700 [1995]
Juco v. NLRC 277 SCRA 528 [1997]
Feliciano v. Gison 629 SCRA 103 [2010]
GOCCs Under the Corporation Code
BLISS v. Calejo 237 SCRA 271 [1994]
Postigo v. Philippine Tuberculosis society 479 SCRA 628
LRTA v. Venus 485 SCRA 301
PARAGRAPH 2
Classifications and Appointments
HIGC v. CSC 220 SCRA 148 [1993]
Mauna v. CSC 232 SCRA 388 [1994]
Rimonte v. CSC 244 SCRA 498 [1995]
Gloria v. De Guzman 249 SCRA 126 [1995]
Atty. Ellas Omar A Sana v. Career Executive Service Board, GR 192926, 15 November 2011
Competitive
Samson v. CA 145 SCRA 654[1986]
Non-Competitive
Astraquillo v. Mangalupas 190 SCRA 280 [1990]
Office of the President v. Buenaobra 501 SCRA 302
Policy-Determining
Primarily Confidential
Borres v. CA 153 SCRA 120 [1987]
Grino v. CSC 194 SCRA 458 [1991]
Santos v. Macaraig 208 SCRA 74 [1992]
Hilario v. CSC 243 SCRA 206 [1995]
Rosete v. CA 264 SCRA 147 [1996]
CSC v. Salas 274 SCRA 414 [1997]
Acahacoso v. Macaraig 195 SCRA 235 [1991]
Felix v. Buenaseda 240 SCRA 139 [1995] (par.2)
Pamantasan ng Maynila v. CSC 241 SCRA 503 [1995]
Province of the Camarines Sur v. CA 246 SCRA 231 [1995]
PEZA v. Mercado 614 SCRA 683 [2010]
30
CSC v. CA 635 SCRA 749 [2010]

Permanent
Luego v. CSC 143 SCRA 327 [1986]
Pangilinan v. Maglaya 225 SCRA 511 [1993] (par.2)
Reorganization
Santiago v. CSC 178 SCRA 733 [1989]
Montecillo v. Civil Service Commission, GR NO. 131954. June 28, 2001
Gatmaitan v. Gonzales 492 SCRA 591
Nieves v. Blanco 673 SCRA 638 [2012]
Appointment vs. designation
Binamira v. Garucho 188 SCRA 154 [1990] (par.2) (designation by Dept. Sec.)
Removal for Cause/Security of Tenure
Cause for Removal: PARAGRAPH 3
1. Loss confidence
Hernandez v. Villegas 14 SCRA 544 [1965]
2. Abolition of Office
Briones v. Osmena 104 PHIL. 588 [1958]
Eugene v. CSC 243 SCRA 196 [1995]
3. Reorganization
Romualdez-Yap v. CSC 225 SCRA 285 [1993]
Fernandez v. Sto Tomas 242 SCRA 192 [1995]
Chato v. Natividad 244 SCRA 787 [1995]
Divinagracia v. Sto. Tomas 244 SCRA 595 [1995] (par.3)
Vinzon-Chato v. Zenarosa, GR 120539, October 20, 2000
De Guzman v. Comelec, GR 129118, July 19, 2000
Cuevas v. Bacal, GR 139382, December 6, 2000
4. Qualification for Eligibility
Mayor v. Macaraig 194 SCRA 672 [1991
5. Abandonment; Acceptance of Incompatible/Other Employment
Canonizado v. Aguirre, 323 SCRA 312 [2001]
Salvador v. CA, GR 127501, May 5, 2000
Due Process in Removal
Enrique v. CA 229 SCRA 180 [1994]
CSC v. Magnaye 619 SCRA 347 [2010]
Rubenecia v. CSC 244 SCRA 640 [1995]
Philippine Charity Sweepstakes Office Board Of Directors v. Marie Jean C. Lapid, GR
191940, 12 April 2011
Security of Tenure
Chua v. CSC 206 SCRA 65 [1992]
31
NLTD v. CSC 221 SCRA 145

Cabagnot v. CSC 223 SCRA 59 (
Marohombsar v. CA, GR 126481, February 18, 2000
Ong v. OP 664 SCRA 413 [2012]
Electioneering or Partisan Political Activity
Santos v. Yatco 106 PHIL 21
People v. De Venecia 14 SCRA 864 [1965]
Right to Self-Organization and Right to Strike
SSS Employees v. CA 175 SCRA 686 [1989]
Balingasan v. CA 276 SCRA 557 [1997]
Jacinto v. CA 281 SCRA 557 [1997]
De la Cruz v. CA 305 SCRA 303
GSIS v. Kapisanan 510 SCRA 622
Temporary Employees
Gloria v. CA, GR 119903, August 15, 2000
Section 3. Purpose of a Civil Service System
Lazo v. CSC, 236 SCRA 469
Section 4. Oath or Affirmation
Section 5. Standardization of Compensation
Section 6. Prohibition of Appointment of Lame Ducks
People v. Sandiganbayan, GR No. 164185, July 23, 2008
Section 7. Prohibitions; Appointments; Office; Employment
Flores v. Drilon 223 SCRA 568 (1993)
In re Eduardo Escala, 653 SCRA 141
La Carlota City v. Rojo , GR 181367, 24 April 2012
Sec. 8 Prohibitions; Compensation; Foreign Gift/Office/Title
Sedusasta v. Municipality of Surigao 72 PHIL. 482 [1941]
Peralta v. Mathay 38 SCRA 296 (1971)
Santos v. CA GR No. 139792, Nov. 22, 2000
Cabili v. CSC, GR No. 156503, June 22, 2006
Benguet State University v. Colting, GR No. 169637, June 8, 2007
Herrera, et al v. NPC, GR No. 166570, December 18, 2009
NEA v. CSC 611 SCRA 14 [2010]
Yap v. COA 619 SCRA 154 [2010]
Sergio I. Carbonilla, et al v. Board of Airlines, GR 193247
Office of the President v. Board of Airlines, GR 194276, 14 September 2011
PEZA V. COA 675 SCRA 513[2012]
Dimagiba v. Espartero 676 SCRA 420 [2012]
C. Commission on Elections
32
Section 1. Composition; Qualifications; Term

Cayetano v. Monsod, 201 SCRA 210 (1991)
Brillantes v. Yorac, 192 SCRA 358 (1990)
Matibag v. Benipayo, 380 SCRA 49
Section 2. Powers and Functions
Administrative Power
Alfiado v. Comelec, GR 141787, September 18, 2000
Columbres v. Comelec, GR 142038,September 18, 2000
Sahali v. Comelec, GR 134169, February 2, 2000
Claudio v. Comelec, GR 140560, May 4, 2000
De Guzman v. Comelec, GR 129118, July 19, 2000
Social Weather Station, Inc v. COMELEC, GR NO. 147571, May 5, 2001
Information Technology Foundation v. Comelec, GR 159139, Jan 13, 2004
Buac v. Comelec, 421 SCRA 92
Capalla v. COMELEC 673 SCRA 1 [2012]
Election Contests
Flores v. COMELEC 184 SCRA 484 [1990]
Galido v. COMELEC 193 SCRA 78 [1991]
Mercado v. BES 243 SCRA 422 [1995]
Relampagos v. Cumba 243 SCRA 690 [1995]
People v. Delgado 189 SCRA 715 [1990]
Garces v. CA 259 SCRA 99 [1996]
Zarate v. Comelec and Lallave GR 129096, November 19, 1999
Regalado v. CA, GR 115962, February 15, 2000
Faelnar v. People,GR 140850-51, May 4, 2000
Tan v. Comelec, GR 148575, Dec. 10, 2003
Alauya v. Comelec, GR 158830, August 10, 2004
Powers Not Given
Deputizing Law Enforcement Agencies
People v. Basilla 179 SCRA 87[1989]
Registration of Parties and Organization
LDP v. Comelec, GR 161265, February 24, 2004
Atienza v. COMELEC 612 SCRA 761 [2010]
Lokin v. COMELEC 674 SCRA 538[2012]
Prosecution of Election Offenses
People v. Inting 187 SCRA 788 [1990]
Corpus v. Tanodbayan 149 SCRA 281[1987]
COMELEC v. Silva 286 SCRA 177[1998]
Comelec v. Hon. Espanol, GR 149164, Dec. 10, 2003
Arroyo v. DOJ 681 SCRA 181[2012]
Recommendatory Powers
33
Section 3. Decisions
Pangilinan v. COMELEC 228 SCRA 36[1993]
Sarmiento v. Comelec 212 SCRA 307[1992]
Carnicosa v. COMELEC 282 SCRA 512[1997]
Ramas v. COMELEC 286 SCRA 189[1998]
Garvida v. Sales 271 SCRA 767[1997]
Velayo v. Comelec, GR 135613, March 9, 2000
Sebastian v. Comelec, GR 139573, Mach 7, 2000
Soller v. Comelec, GR 139853, September 5, 2000
Barroso v. Ampig et al, GR138218, March 17, 2000
Maruhon v. Comelec, GR 139357, May 5,2000
Balindong v. Comelec, GR 153991, Oct. 16, 2003
Jaramilla v. Comelec, GR 155717, Oct. 23, 2003
Bautista v. Comelec, GR 154796-97, Oct. 23, 2003
De Llana v. Comelec, GR 152080, Nov. 28, 2003
Repol v. Comelec, GR 151418, Apr. 28, 2004
Pedragoza v. COMELEC 496 SCRA 513
Cayetano v. COMELEC 479 SCRA 514
Munoz v. COMELEC 495 SCRA 407
Tan v. COMELEC 507 SCRA 352
Enriquel v. COMELEC 613 SCRA 809
Mendoza v. COMELEC 616 SCRA 443
Maria Laarni L Cayetano v. Comelec, GR 193846, 12 April 2011 (also in Sec. 7, Art IX-A)
Section 4. Supervision/Regulation of Public Utilities, Media Grants, Privileges
Unido v. COMELEC, 104 SCRA 17
Sanidad v. COMELEC, 181 SCRA 529 (1990)
Osmena v. COMELEC 199 SCRA 750 [1991]
Philippine Press Institute v. COMELEC, GR No. 119654, May 22, 1995
Telecom v. COMELEC 289 SCRA 337 [1998]
ABS-CBN v. COMELEC, GR No. 133486, Jan. 28, 2000
SWS v. COMELEC, GR No. 147571, May 5, 2001
Section 5. Favorable Recommendation for Pardon, Amnesty, Parole or Suspension of
Sentence
Section 6. Free and Open Party System
Liberal Party v. COMELEC, GR No. 191771, May 6, 2010
Section 7. No Block-Voting
Section 8. Prohibition on Political Parties
Section 9. Election Period
Section 10. No Harassment and Discrimination
Section 11. Funds
34
D. Commission of Audit
Section 1. Qualifications; Term
Mison v. COA, 187 SCRA 445
Section 2. General Function; Powers
Sec. 2 Powers and Functions
Examine and Audit: Government revenues and Government expenditures
Blue Bar Coconut Phil. Tantuico 163 SCRA 716 [1988]
DBP v. COA 231 SCRA 202 [1994]
Eslao v. COA 236 SCRA 161 [1994]
J.F.F. Manacop v. CA 266 SCRA 235 [1997]
Polloso v. Gangan, GR 140563, July 14, 2000
Uy v. COA, GR 130685, March 21, 2000
Aguinaldo v. Sandiganbayan 265 SCRA 121 [1996]
DBP v. COA, 422 SCRA 459 [2004]
Home Development Mutual Fund v. COA, GR 142297, June 15, 2004
DBP v. COA 498 SCRA 537 [2006]
Nava v. Palattao 499 SCRA 745 [2006]
Gualberto De Llana v. COA, GR 180989, 7 Feb. 2012
Candelario L. Versoza Jr. v. Guillermo N Carague, GR 157838, 7 February 2012
Philippine Coconut v. Republic 663 SCRA 514 [2012]
Audit Jurisdiction
Caltex v. COA 208 SCRA 726 [1992]
Mamaril v. Domingo 227 SCRA 206[1993]
Philippine Airlines v. COA 245 SCRA 39 [1995]
CIR v. COA 218 SCRA 203 [1993]
CSC v. Pobre, GR 160568, Sept. 15, 2004
Luciano Velos, et al. v. Commission On Audit, GR 193677,6 Sept. 20011
Boy Scout of the Philippines v. COA, GR 177131, 7 June 2011
Dela Llana v. COA 665 SCRA 176 [2012]
Settle Government Account
Philippine Operations, Inc. v. Auditor General, 94 Phil 868 [1953-1954]
ICNA v. Republic, 21 SCRA 40 [1967]
Dingcong v. Guingona, 162 SCRA 782 [1988]
NHC v. COA 226 SCRA 55 [1993]
Euro-Med v. Province of Batangas, 495 SCRA 30 [2006]
Define Scope and Techniques of Auditing Procedures
Danville Maritime v. COA,175 SCRA 701 [1989]
Promulgate Accounting and Auditing Rules
Leycano v. COA, 482 SCRA 215
Decide Administrative Cases Involving Expenditures of Public Funds
NCMH v. COA, 265 SCRA 390 [1996]
Ramos v. Aquino, 39 SCRA 256 [1971]
35
Salva v. Carague, 511 SCRA 258

City of Basilan v. Hechanova, 58 SCRA 711 [1974]
Section 3. COA Jurisdiction
Luciano Veloso v. Commisssion on Audit, GR 193677, 6 September 2011
Section 4. Annual Report to the President and to Congress
Article X. Local Government

Section 1. Territorial and Political Subdivisions of the Philippines
Cordillera Broad Coalition v. COA, GR No. 79956, January 26, 1990
Section 2. Local Autonomy
Limbona v. Conte Mangelin, et al, GR No. 80391, February 28, 1989
San Juan v. CSC, 196 SCRA 69 (1991)
Drilon v. Lim 235 SCRA 135 [1994]
Magtajas v. Pryce Properties, GR No. 111097, July 20, 1994
Judge Leynes v. COA, GR No. 143596, Dec. 11, 2003
Batangas CATV v. CA and Batangas City, GR No. 138810, September 29, 2004
CREBA v. Secretary of DAR, GR 183409, June 18, 2010
Section 3. Local Government Code
Garcia v. COMELEC, 227 SCRA 100 (1993)
Malonzo v. COMELEC, 269 SCRA 380 (1997)
Malonzo v. Zamora 323 SCRA 875
Section 4. Supervision by the President
Ganzon v. CA, 200 SCRA 271
Joson v. Torres, 290 SCRA 279
Drilon v. Lim, 235 SCRA 135 (1994)
Bito-onon v. Fernandez 350 SCRA 732
National Liga v. Paredes 439 130 [2004]
SJS v. Atienza 545 SCRA 92 [2009]
Province of Negros v. COA, GR No. 182574, September 28, 2010
Section 5. Taxation Power of Local Government
LTO v. City of Butuan, 322 SCRA 805
Lina v. Pano, 364 SCRA 76 (2001)
Petron v. Mayor, GR No. 158881, April 16, 2008
Yamane v. BA Lepanto Condominium, GR No. 154993, October 25, 2005
Philippine Petroleum v. Municipality of Pililla, GR No. 90773, June 3, 1991
Acebedo Optical v. CA, GR 100152, March 21, 2000
PLDT v. City of Davao, GR 143867, March 25, 2003
John Hay Peoples Alternative Coalition v. Lim, GR No. 119775, October 24, 2003
Manila Electric v. Province of Laguna, GR No. 131359, May 5, 1999
Batangas Power v. Batangas City, GR No. 152675, April 28, 2004
36
Smart Communications v. City of Davao, GR No. 155491, September 16, 2008

Section 6. Share in National Taxes
Pimentel v. Aguirre, 336 SCRA 201 (2000)
Province of Batangas v. Executive Secretary, GR No. 152774, May 27, 2004
Alternative Center v. Zamora, GR No. 144256, June 8, 2005
League of Cities v. COMELEC August 24, 2010
Section 7. Equitable Share in the National Wealth
Section 8. Term of Local Officials
Borja v. COMELEC, 295 SCRA 157
Lozanida v. COMELEC, GR No. 135150, July 28, 1999
Adormeo v. COMELEC, GR No. 147927, February 4, 2002
Socrates v. COMELEC, 391 SCRA 457 (2002)
Latasa v. COMELEC, GR No. 154829, Dec. 10, 2003
David v. COMELEC, 271 SCRA 90 (1997)
Rivera v. COMELEC 523 SCRA 41
Montebon v. COMELEC, 551 SCRA 50
Ong v. Alegre, GR No. 163295, January 23, 2006
Laceda v. Lumena GR 182867, November 25, 2008
Dizon v. COMELEC, GR No. 182088, January 30, 2009
Alboin v. COMELEC, GR No. 184836, December 23, 2009
Bolos v. COMELEC 581 SCRA 786 [2009]
Aldovino v. COMELEC 609 SCRA 234 [2009]
Datu Michel Abas Kida v. Senate of the Philippines, GR 196271, February 2012
(reconsideration; holdover provision in RA 9054 Unconstitutional as Congress in passing RA
10153 has made clear)
Section 9. Sectoral Representatives
Supangan Jr. v. Santos, GR No. 84662, August 24, 1990
Section 10. Creation, Abolition, Change of Boundaries
Tan v. COMELEC, 142 SCRA 727 (1986)
Tobias v. Abalos 239 SCRA 106 [1994] (metes and bounds)
Mun. of Jimenez v. Judge Baz 265 SCRA 182 [1996](de jure corporation)
Cawaling v. COMELEC GR146319, October 26, 2001
League of Cities of the Philippines v. COMELEC, GR 176951, Nov. 29, 2008
Sema v. COMELEC, 558 SCRA 700
Camid v. Office of the President, GR No. 161414, January 17, 2005
Navarro v. Executive Secretary, GR No. 180050, February 10, 2010
Section 11. Metropolitan Political Subdivisions
MMDA v. Bel-Air Village Association Assoc., GR No. 135962, March 27, 2000
MMDA v. Garin, GR No. 130230, April 15, 2005
Gancayco v. City Government of Quezon City, 658 SCRA 853
Section 12. Highly Urbanized Cities, Component Cities
Abella v. COMELEC, GR No. 100710, September 3, 1991
37
Section 13. Local Government Units Grouping Themselves

Section 14. Regional Development Councils and Other Similar Bodies
Pimentel v. Ochoa 676 SCRA 551 [2012]
Sec. 15 Purpose, and how many Autonomous Regions
Section 15. Autonomous Regions
Disomangcop v. Sec. of DPWH,GR 149848, Nov. 25, 2004
Abas Kida v. Senate of the Philippines, GR No. 196271, October 18, 2011
Section 16. General Supervision of the President
Ampatuan v. Hon Ronaldo Puno, GR 190259. 17 June 2011 (Proclamation 1946 and AOs and
273 A do not violate the principle of local autonomy under Section 16, Article X of the
Constitution, and Section 1 Article V of the Expanded ARMM Organic Act)
Kulayan v. Tan 675 SCRA 482 [2012]
Section 17. Powers Not Vested to the ARMM
Datu Michel Abas Kida v. Senate of the Philippines, GR 196271, 18 October 2011. (The
framers decided to reinstate the provision in order to make it clear, once and for all, that these
are the limits of the powers to the autonomous government; those not enumerated are actually
to be exercised by the national government; the autonomy granted to the ARMM cannot be
invoked to defeat national policies and concerns Since the synchronization of elections not
just a regional concerns but a national one, the ARMM is subject to it; the regional autonomy
granted to the ARMM cannot be used to exempt the region from having act in accordance
with national policy mandated by no less than the Constitution)
Sections 18 and19. Organic Act for Autonomous Regions
Abbas v. COMELEC, 179 SCRA 287 (1989)
Ordillos v. COMELEC, 192 SCRA 100 (1990)
Badua v. CBA, 194 SCRA 101 (1991)
Atitiw v. Zamora, 471 SCRA 329
Cordillera Broad Coalition v. COA, GR No. 82217, Jan. 29, 1990
Pandi v. CA, GR No. 116850, April 11, 2002
Sema v. COMELEC, GR No. 177597, July 16, 2008
Province of North Cotabato v. GRP Panel
Datu Michael Abas Kida v. Senate of the Philippines, February 2012 (means that only
amendments to, or revisions of, the organic Act Constitutionally-essential to creation of
autonomous regions i.e. , those aspects specially mentioned in the Constitution which
Congress must provide for the Organic Act require ratification through a plebiscite)
Section 20. Legislative Powers of the Autonomous Regions
Province of North Cotabato v. Government of the Philippines Peace Panel, 568 SCRA 492
Section 21. Preservation of Peace and Order
Article XI. Accountability of Public Officers
Section 1. Public Office
Hipolito v. Mergas 195 SCRA 6 [1991]
38
Bornasal, Jr. v. Montes 280 SCRA 181 [1997]

Almario v. Resus AM NO. P941076, [November 22, 1999]
Juan v. People, GR 132378, January 18, 2000
Re; AWOL of Antonio Makalintal, AM 99-11-06-SC, February 15, 2000
Estrella v. Sandiganbayan, GR 125160, June 20, 2000
Malbas v. Blanco, A.M P99-1350, December 12, 2001
Manaois v. Lemeo, AM MTJ-03-1492, Aug. 26, 2003
Re; Gideon Alibang, AM 2003-11-SC June 15, 2004
ABAKADA v. Purisima 562 SCRA 251[2008]
Salumbides v. OMB, GR 180917, April 23, 2010
Section 2. Officers Subject to Removal by Impeachment
Ombudsman v. CA 452 SCRA 714 [2005] (exclusive list)
Section 3. Procedure for Impeachment
In re Gonzales, 160 SCRA 771 (1988)
Marcoleta v. Brawner 582 SCRA 474 [2009])
Romulo v. Yniguez, 141 SCRA 260 (1986)
Francisco v. House of Representatives, 415 SCRA 44
Estrada v. Desierto, 353 SCRA 452 (2001); MR, 356 SCRA 108 (2001)
Gutierrez v. Committee on Justice, 643 SCRA 198
Section 4. Sandiganbayan
Nunez v. Sandiganbayan 111 SCRA 433 [1982] (creation of Sandiganbayan)
Lecaros v. Sandiganbayan 128 SCRA 324 [1984] (crimes in relation to public office)
Cunanan v. Arceo 242 SCRA 88 [1995] (averment of the nature of the crime committed)
Balmadrid v. Sandiganbayan, GR No. 58327, March 22, 1991
Azarcon v. Sandiganbanyan, GR No. 116033, February 26, 1997
Binay v. Sandiganbayan GR NO. 120681-83 [October 1, 1999]
Mayor Layus v. Sandiganbayan GR 134272, December 8, 1999
Abbot v. Mapayo, GR 134102, July 6, 2000
Defensor-Santiago v. Sandiganbayan, 356 SCRA 636 (2001)
Section 5. Ombudsman
Baluyot v. Holganza, GR 136374, February 2000
Garcia v. Ombudsman, GR 127710, February 16, 2000
Lapid v. CA, GR 142261, June 29, 2000
Tirol v. COA, GR 133954, August 3, 2000
Mamburao v. Desierto, 429 SCRA 76
Carandang v. Desierto, 639 SCRA 293
Lacson v. ES, 649 SCRA 142
People v. Morales, 649 SCRA 182
Quarto v. Marcelo, 658 SCRA 580
Section 6. Appointments
Ombudsman v. CSC, GR No. 162215, July 20, 2007
Section 7. Tanodbayan as Special Prosecutor
Quimpo v. Tanodbayan 146 SCRA 137 [1986]
Zaldivar v. Sandiganbayan, 160 SCRA 843 (1988)
39
Acop v. Ombudsman, GR No. 120422, September 27, 1995

Deloso v. Domingo, 191 SCRA 545
Almonte v. Vasquez, GR No. 95367, May 22, 1995
Azarcon v. Guerrero, GR No. 121017, Feb 17, 1997
Azarcon v. Guerrero , GR No. 116033, Feb 26, 1997
Camanag v. Hon Guerrero 286 SCRA 473 [1997]
Buenasada v. Flavier, 226 SCRA 645
Macalino v. Sandiganbayan, 376 SCRA 452
BIR v. Ombudsman, GR No. 115103, April 11, 2002
Laurel v. Desierto, GR No. 145368, April 12, 2002
Office of the Ombudsman v. Valera 471 SCRA 715 [2005]
Perez v. Sandiganbayan 503 SCRA 252
Calingin v. Desierto 529 SCRA 720 [2007]
Lazatin v. Desierto 588 SCRA 285 [2009]
Section 8. Qualifications
Section 9. Appointments
Section 10. Rank
Section 11. Term
Section 12. Prompt Action on Complaints
Laurel v. Desierto, GR No. 145368, April 12, 2002
Almonte v. Vasquez, 244 SCRA 286 (1995)
Uy v. Sandiganbayan, GR No. 105965, March 20, 2001
Raro v. Sandiganbayan, GR 108431, July 14, 2000
Bautista v. Sandiganbayan, GR 136082, May 12, 2000
Roxas v. Vasquez, GR NO. 114944, June 19, 2001
Kara-an v. Ombudsman, GR 119990, June 21, 2004
People v. Sandiganbayan 451 SCRA 413 [2005]
Laxina v. Ombudsman 471 SCRA 542 [2005]
Gemma P. Cabalit v. Commission On Audit-Region VII, Gr 180236, 17 January 2012 (power
of the Ombudsman to determine and impose administrative liability is mandatory)
Gonzales III v. OP 679 SCRA 614 [2012]
Section 13. Powers; Functions; Duties
In General
Cruz v. Sandiganbayan 194 SCRA 474 [1991]
Maceda v. Vasquez 221 SCRA 464 [1993]
Macalino v. Sandiganbayan 376 SCRA 452
Garcia v. Miro, GR No. 148944, Feb 5, 2003
Honasan II v. Panel of Investigating Prosecutors GR No. 159747, April 13, 2004
Samson v. OMB, GR 117741, Sept 29, 2004
Corpuz v. Sandiganbayan, GR 162214, Nov. 11, 2004
Khan, Jr. v. Ombudsman, GR No. 125296, July 20, 2006
Ombudsman v. Estandarte, GR No. 168670, April 13, 2007
Ombudsman v. Lucero, November 24, 2006
40
Ombudsman v. CA, GR No. 169079, July 17, 2007

Sangguniang Barangay v. Punong Barangay, GR No. 170626, March 3, 2008
Perez v. Sandiganbayan, GR No. 166062, September 26, 2006
Buencamino v. CA, GR No. 175895, April 4, 2007
Medina v. COA, GR No. 176478, February 4, 2008
Villas Nor v. Sandiganbayan, GR No. 180700, March 4, 2008
Ombudsman v. Rodriguez, GR No. 172700, July 23, 2010
OMB v. Estendarte 521 SCRA 155 [2007]
Salvador v. Mapa 539 SCRA 34 [2000]
OMB v. Masing 542 SCRA 253 [2008]
Medina v. COA 543 SCRA 684[2008]
Borja v. People 553 SCRA 250 [2008]
Preventive Suspension and Imposition of Penalties
Buennaseda v. Favier 226 SCRA 645 [1993](when to suspension)
Hagad v. Gozo-Dadole 251 SCRA 243 [1995] (nature)
Vasquez v. Hobilla-Alinio 271 SCRA 67 [1997] (not in relation to duties)
OMB v. CA 491 SCRA 92
OMB v. Madriaga 503 SCRA 631
OMB v. CA 507 SCRA 593
Estorja v. Ranada 492 SCRA 652
OMB v. Lucero 508 SCRA 593
Balbastro v. Junio 527 SCRA 680 [2007]
OMB v. CA 527 SCRA 798 [2007]
COA v. CA 529 SCRA 245 [2007
OMB v. Santiago 533 SCRA 305 [2007]
Govenciong v. CA 550 SCRA 502 [2008]
Marohomsalic v. Cole 547 SCRA 98
OMB v. Lisondra 548 SCRA 83
Miro v. Abugan 549 SCRA 34
Cesa v. OMB 553 SCRA 357
OMB v. De Sahagun 562 SCRA 122
OMB v. Samaniego 564 SCRA 502
Boncalon v. OMB GR 171812, December 24, 2008
OMB v. Beltran 588 SCRA 574 [2009]
OMB v. Apolonio, GR 165132, 07 March 2012 (power to directly impose administrative
penalties, including removal from office)
Jurisdiction over Criminal Cases
Natividad v. Felix 229 SCRA 680 [1994] (amount)
Lastimosa v. Vasquez 243 SCRA 497 [1995] (prosecutors assistance)
Presidential v. desierto 528 SCRA 20 [2007]
Fact-finding distinguished from Preliminary Investigation
Raro v. Sandiganbayan, GR 108431, July 14, 2000
Serapio v. Sandiganbayan, GR 148468, Jan 28, 2003
Section 14. Fiscal Autonomy
Section 15. Right to Recover Properties Unlawfully Acquired
41
Heirs of Gregorio Licaros v. SB, GR 157438, October 18, 2004

Presidential Ad Hoc Fact-finding Committee on Behest Loans v. OMB Desierto, GR 135715,
13 April 2011. (reiterating Presidential Ad Hoc Fact-Finding Committee on Behest Loans v.
Desierto, GR 130140; provision applies only to civil actions for recovery of ill-gotten wealth,
and not to criminal cases)
Section 16. Loan, Guaranty or Other Form of Financial Accommodation
Section 17. Declaration of Assets and Liabilities
Section 18. Allegiance of Public Officers
Caasi v. CA, 191 SCRA 229 (1990)
Sampayan v. Daza 213 SCRA 807 (1992)
Article XII. National Economy and Patrimony
Section 1. Threefold Goal of the National Economy
Section 2. Regalian Doctrine
Public Domain and Regalian Doctrine
Lee Hong Kok v. David, 48 SCRA 372
Carino v. Insurer Government, 41 PHIL 935
Laurel v. Garcia, 187 SCRA 797 (1990)
Almeda v. Court of Appeals, GR No. 85322, April 30, 1991
Director of Lands v. Kalahi Investments, Inc, GR No. 48066, January 31, 1989
Land Mgt. Bureau v. CA, GR 112567, February 7, 2000
Republic v. De Guzman, GR 105630, February 23, 2000
Pua v. CA, GR 134992, November 20, 2000
Cruz v. Sec. of DENR, GR 135385, December 6, 2000
Chavez v. PEA, GR 133250, July 9, 2002
La Bugal-Blaan v. Ramos, GR 127872, Dec. 1, 2004
Dipido v. Gozun 485 SCRA 586
Chavez v. NHA 530 SCRA 235 [2007]
Republic v. Enciso, GR No. 160145, November 11, 2005
Philippine Geothermal v. Napocor, GR No. 144302, May 27, 2004
JG Summit v. CA, GR No. 124293, January 31, 2005
Alienation
Sta. Rosa Mining v. Lledo, 156 SCRA 1 [1987] (mining claims)
San Miguel Corporation v. CA, 185 SCRA 722 [1990] (possession in the concept of an
owner)
Republic v. Bantigue Point development Corporation, GR 162322, 14 March 2012
(burden on applicant to prove land sought to be registered is alienable or disposable on a
positive act the government)
Utilization
Miners v. Factoran 240 SCRA 100[1995] (jura regalia)
Tano v. Socrates 278 SCRA 154 [1997] (Subsistence fisherman)
Villaflor v. CA - 280 SCRA 297 [1997] (private ownership)
42
Republic v. CA and PREC GR 103882, [November 25, 1998] 299 SCRA 199
Republic v. Rosemoor Mining and Devt Corp. , GR 149927, Mar 30, 2004
Alvarez v. PICOP 606 SCRA 444 [2009]
IID v. PSALM 682 SCRA 602 [2012]
Narra Nickel Mining v. Redmont Consolidated Mines Corp, GR 195580, April 21, 2014
Section 3. Lands of the Public Domain
Director of Lands v. Aquino, 192 SCRA 296 (1990)
Republic v. CA, 160 SCRA 228 (1988)
Apex Mining v. Southeast Mindanao Gold, Inc, GR No. 152613, June 23, 2006
Dir. of Lands v. IAC, 146 SCRA 509 (1986)
Ten Forty Realty v. Lorenzana, GR No. 151212, Sept. 10, 2003
Chavez v. PEA, GR No. 133250, July 9, 2002
Republic v. Southside, 502 SCRA 587
Republic v. T.A.N., 555 SCRA 477
Section 4. Specific Limits of Forest Lands and National Parks
La Bugal-Blaan Tribal Assn. v. DENR, GR127872, Jan 27, 2004, MR GR 127882, Dec. 1,
2004
Section 5. Ancestral Lands and Domain
Cruz v. Sec. of DENR, 347 SCRA 128 (2000)
Section 6. Common Good
Telecom v. COMELEC, 289 SCRA 337 (1998)
Section 7. Private Lands
Republic v. CA, 235 SCRA 567
Zaragosa v. CA, GR No. 106401, September 29, 2000
Ramirez v. Vda. De Ramirez, 111 SCRA 704 (1982)
Halili v. CA, 287 SCRA 465 (1998)
Lee v. Republic, 366 SCRA (2001)
Frenzel v. Catito, GR No. 143958, July 11, 2003
Lentfer v. Wolff 441 SCRA 584 [2004]
Muller v. Muller 500 SCRA 65
Mulller v. Muller, GR No. 149615, August 29, 2006
Matthews v. Taylor Spouses, GR No. 164584, June 22, 2009
Hulst v. PR Builders, GR No. 156364, September 25, 2008
Ting Ho v. Teng 558 SCRA 421 [2008]
Hulst v. PR Builders 566 SCRA 333[2008]
Osmena v. Osmena 611 SCRA 164 [2010]
Beurmer v. Amores 686 SCRA 770 [2012]
Section 8. Exception for Former Filipino Citizens
Republic v. CA, 235 SCRA 567 (1994)
Section 9. Independent Economic and Planning Agency
Section 10. Filipinization
Manila Prince Hotel v. GSIS, 267 SCRA 408 (1997)
43
Army and Navy Club v. CA, 271 SCRA 36 (1997)

Republic v. CA 299 SCRA 199
J.G. Summit Holdings v. CA, GR 124293, November 20, 2000
Section 11. Public Utilities
Bagatsing v. Committee, 246 SCRA 344 (1995)
Albano v. Reyes, 175 SCRA 36 (1997)
Tatad v. Garcia, 243 SCRA 436 (1995)
Telecom v. COMELEC, 289 SCRA 337 (1998)
JG Summit Holdings v. CA, 345 SCRA 143 (2000)
Republic v. Express Telecom 373 SCRA 316
Del Mar v. Pagcor [2001]
PTC v. NTC, GR 138295, Aug. 28, 2003
Associated Communications v. NTC, GR No. 144109, February 17, 2003
Eastern Telecom v. Telecom Technologies, GR No. 135992, July 23, 2004
Royal Cargo Corp. v. CAB 421 SCRA 21
Metropolitan v. Adala 526 SCRA 465 [2007]
PAGCOR v. BIR, 645 SCRA 338
Francisco v. TRB 633 SCRA 470 [2010]
Wilson P. Gamboa v. Finance Secretary Malgarito B Tebes, GR 176579, 28 June 2011.
Definition of capital refers only to share of stock entitled to vote in the election of directors,
and thus in the present case only to common share, and not the total outstanding capital stock
comprising
Express Investment v. Bayantel 687 SCRA 50 [2012]
Section 12. Filipino First Policy
Section 13. Trade Policy
Espina v. Zamora, 631 SCRA 17
Section 14. Development and Practice of Professions
Section 15. Agency to Promote Cooperatives
Section 16. Corporations
NDC v. PVB, 192 SCRA 257 (1990)
Boy Scouts of the Philippines v. COA, GR 177131, 07 June 2011.
Section 16, Article XII should not be construed so as to prohibit Congress from creating
public corporation. In fact, Congress has enacted numerous laws creating public corporations
or government agencies or instrumentalities vested with corporate powers. Moreover, Section
16, Article XII, which relates to National Economy and Patrimony, could not have tied the
hands of Congress in creating public corporation to serve any of the constitutional policies or
objective.
Section 17. Temporary Take-Over
Agan v. PIATCO, 420 SCRA 575
David v. Macapagal-Arroyo, GR No. 171396, May 2006
44
Section 18. Nationalization

Republic v. PLDT, 26 SCRA 620 (1968)
PLDT v. NTC, 190 SCRA 717 (1990)
PLDT v. Eastern Telecom, 213 SCRA 16 (1992)
Section 19. Monopolies and Combinations
Energy Regulatory Board v. CA, GR No. 113079, April 20, 2001
Garcia v. Executive Secretary, GR No. 132451, December 17, 1999
Tatad v. Secretary of Energy, 281 SCRA 330
Eastern Assurance v. LTFRB, GR No. 149717, Oct. 7, 2003
Avon v. Luna, GR No. 153674, December 20, 2006
Section 21. Foreign Loans
Section 22. Acts Inimical to the National Interest
Article XVI. General Provisions
Section 1. Flag of the Philippines
Section 2. Name, National Anthem or a National Seal
Section 3. Immunity From Suit
Liang v. People GR 125865, January 28, 2000
Calub v. CA, GR 115634, April 27, 2000
Lansang v. CA, GR 102667 February 23, 2000
Mancenido v. CA, GR 118605, April 12, 2000
Shell v. Jalos 630 SCRA 399(2010)
China National Machinery & Equipment Corp. (Group) v. Hon. Cesar D. Santamaria,
Gr 185572, 07 February 2012, 665 SCRA 189 (2012) (Revisits and reiterates several
Cases : GTZ v. CA, Holy See v. Rosario, DFA v. NLRC)
Foundation of the Rule: A Suit Against the State
Santos v. Santos, 92 PHIL. 281 (1952-1953)
Republic v. Feliciano,148 SCRA 424) 1887
Republic of Indonesia v. Vinzons (2005)
Unincorporated Agencies
Mentran v. Paredes, 79 PHIL. 819 (1947-1948 )
NAC v. Teodoro, 91 PHIL. 203 (1952)
Mobil Philippines v. Customs Arrestre, 18 SCRA 1120 (1966)
Del Mar v. PVA 51 SCRA 340 (1973)
CAA v. CA 167 SCRA 28 (1988)
Farolan v. CTA 217 SCRA 340 (1993)
PNR v. IAC 217 SCRA 401 (1993)
Republic v. Nolasco 457 SCRA 460 (2005)
Republic v. Unimex 518 SCRA 20 (2007)
Professional Video v. TESDA 591 SCRA 83 (2009)
Government Officers
45
Ministero v. CFI 40 SCRA 464 (1971

Syquia v. Almeda-Lopez 84SCRA 312 [1978]
Festejo v. Fernando 94 SCRA 54 [1979]
Aberca v. Ver 160 SCRA 590 [1988]
Shauf v. CA 191 SCRA 713 [1990]
Vidad v. RTC 271 [1993]
Regional Director v. CA 229 SCRA 557 [1994]
Africa v. PCGG/Villanueva v. Sandiganbayan [January 1992]
DOH v. Phil. Pharmawealth 518 SCRA 240 [2007]
Foreign Government
Baer v. Tizon 57 SCRA 1 [1974]
US v. Ruiz 136 SCRA 487 [1985]
Sanders v. Veridiano 162 SCRA 88 [1988]
U.S v. Reyes 219 SCRA 192 [1993]
The Holy See v. Rosario 238 SCRA 524 [1994]
JUSMAG v. NLRC 239 SCRA 224 [1994]
Larkins v. NLRC 241 SCRA 598 [1995]
Minucher v. CA GR 142396, Feb, 11, 2003
Consent by Law
Carabao v. Agricultural product Com. 35 SCRA 224 [1970]
Arcega v. CA 66 SCRA 230 [1975]
Rayo v. CFI 110 SCRA 456 [1981]
Municipality of San Fernando v. Firme 195 SCRA 692 [1991]
Republic v. NLRC 263 SCRA 290 [1996]
Exceptional Circumstance to avoid injustice
DOH v. Canchela 475 SCRA 218 [2005]
Agency Propriety
United States v. Guinto 182 SCRA 644 [ 1990]
Fontanilla v. Maliaman 194 SCRA 486 [1991]
PRC v. CA 256 SCRA 667 [1996]
Waiver
Republic v. Purisima 78 SCRA 470 [1977]
Santiago v. Republic 87 SCRA 294 [1978]
Traders Royal Bank v. IAC 192 SCRA 305 [1990]
Republic v. Sandoval 220 SCRA 124 [1993]
Delos Santos v. IAC 223 SCRA 11 [1993]
DA v. NLRC 227 SCRA 693 [1993]
EPG v. Sec. of DPWH 354 SCRA 566 [2001]
Resulting Liability
Philrock v. Board of Liquidators 180 SCRA 171 [1989]
Liang v. People GR 125865 [January 28, 2000] ADB immunity)
Republic v. Hidalgo 477 SCRA 12 [2005] (writ execution)
Philippine Agila v. Lichauco 489 SCRA 22 [2006]
46
Curato v. PPA 590 SCRA 215 [2009]

U.P. v. Dizon 679 SCRA 54 [2012]
Section 4. AFP
Section 5. AFP Requirement and Goals
Section 6. Police Force
Quilonia v. The General Court Martial GR No. 9660, March 4, 1992
Carpio v. Executive Secretary 206 SCRA 290 (1992)
Department of Budget v. Manilas Finest, GR No. 169466, May 9, 2007
Mendoza v. PNP, GR No. 139658, June 21, 2005
Section 7. War Veterans
Section 8. Pensions and Benefits for Retirees
Section 9. Protection of Consumers from Trade Malpractices
Section 10. Development of Filipino Capability and Communication Structures
Section 11. Ownership and Management: Mass Media and Advertising
Section 12. Consultative Body for Indigenous Cultural Communities
Article XVII. Amendments or Revisions
Section 1. Amendment or Revision
Imbong v. COMELEC, 35 SCRA 28 (1970)
Lambino v. COMELEC, 505 SCRA 160
Section 2. Initiative
Defensor-Santiago v. COMELEC, 270 SCRA 106 (1997); MR (1997)
Lambino v. COMELEC, 505 SCRA 160 (2006)
Section 3. Constitutional Convention
Section 4. Ratification
Gonzales v. COMELEC, 21 SCRA 774 (1967)
Tolentino v. COMELEC, 41 SCRA 702 (1971)
Article XVIII Transitory Provisions
Sec. 1 First Election Under the New Constitution
Sec. 2 Term of First House Members and Local Officials
Sec. 3 Status of Laws and other Legislation Passes Prior to the Constitution
Sec. 4 Status of Treaties and International Agreements
Sec. 5 Presidential Term and Synchronization
Sec. 6 President Legislative
47
Sec. 7 Sectorial Representation

Sec. 8 Metropolitan Authority
MMDA v. Bel-Air Village Association, GR 135962, March 27, 2000
Sec. 9 Sub-Provinces
Sec. 10-11 Security of Tenure Judges
Sec. 12-14 Cases Filed Prior to Effectivity of New Constitution
Sec. 15 Term of Carry-over Commission
Sec. 16 Career Civil Service Officers
Dario v. Mison 176 SCRA 84 [1989] (reorganization)
Mendoza v. Quisumbing 186 SCRA 108 [1990]
Ontiveros v. CA. G.R. No. 145401 May 7, 2001
Sec. 17-18 Readjustment of salary
Sec. 19-21 Reversion of lands and real rights illegally acquired
Sec. 22 Idle/Abandoned lands
Sec. 23 Advertising Entities
Sec. 24 Private Armies
Sec. 25 Foreign Military Bases, Troops or Facilities
Sec. 26 Sequestration Orders
Joya v. PCGG 225 SCRA 568 [1993]
Republic v. Sandiganbayan 221 SCRA 189 [1993] (powers of PCGG)
Cojuangco v. Roxas 195 SCRA 797 [1991] (vote of sequestered shares )
Araneta v. Sandiganbayan 242 SCRA 482 [1995] (investigate/prosecutory powers)
Rumualdez v. Sandiganbayan 244 SCRA 152 [1995] (authority over ill-gotten wealth)
Republic v. Sandiganbayan 240 SCRA 376 [1995] judicial action)
Section 27. Effectivity
De Leon v. Esguerra, 152 SCRA 602 (1987)
Section 26. Ill-Gotten Wealth; Sequestration/Freeze Orders
Cojuangco v. Roxas, 195 SCRA 797 (1991)
Section 27. Effectivity
De Leon v. Esquerra, 152 SCRA 602 (1987)
48

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UPDATED DRAFT*

Constitutional Law One

Atty. Edilwasif T. Baddiri

The 1987 Philippine Constitution

De Jure and De Facto Government

Section 10. Social Justice

Section 24. Vital Role of Communications

SEC v. Interport 567 SCRA 354

(2) Contiguous, compact and adjacent territory

Parliamentary Freedom of Speech

Perez v. COMELEC GR 133944, October 28, 1999

Brillantes v. Comelec, GR 163193, June 15, 2004

Osmena v. Orbos- 220 SCRA 703 [1993]

Harlow v. Fitzgerald 457 US 800 [1982]

Section 12. Serious Illness of the President

Recess or Ad- Intern Appointments and Temporary Appointments

Purpose of Executive Clemency

Echegaray v. Secretary of Justice GR 132601, January 19, 1999

Velarde v. Social Justice Society, GR 159357, April 28, 2004

Sec. 5. Powers of Supreme Court

Gonzales v. Narvasa, GR 140835, August 14, 2000

Pharmaceutical v. Duque- 535 SCRA 265

Textually Demonstrable Commitment

Velez v. De Vera- A.C. No. 6697, July 25, 2006

Sec. 10. Diminution of Salary

Gaminde v. COA 347 SCRA 655 (2000)

CSC v. CA 635 SCRA 749 [2010]

NLTD v. CSC 221 SCRA 145

Section 1. Composition; Qualifications; Term

Salva v. Carague, 511 SCRA 258

Article X. Local Government

Smart Communications v. City of Davao, GR No. 155491, September 16, 2008

Section 13. Local Government Units Grouping Themselves

Bornasal, Jr. v. Montes 280 SCRA 181 [1997]

Acop v. Ombudsman, GR No. 120422, September 27, 1995

Ombudsman v. CA, GR No. 169079, July 17, 2007

Heirs of Gregorio Licaros v. SB, GR 157438, October 18, 2004

Army and Navy Club v. CA, 271 SCRA 36 (1997)

Section 18. Nationalization

Ministero v. CFI 40 SCRA 464 (1971

Curato v. PPA 590 SCRA 215 [2009]

Sec. 7 Sectorial Representation

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