Professional Documents
Culture Documents
1.
Subtracting Reverses
a. 3 digit or 4 digit (work in pairs): subtract first
and last digit/pair, then multiply by 100 and
subtract difference
i. 634-436 = 198 (6-4 = 2, 100x2 2 = 198)
ii. 1495-9514 = -8019 (95-14=81, 81x100-81 =
8019, make negative)
b. 4 digit number: subtract first and last digit,
then multiply by 1000 and subtract difference
i. 1668-8661 = -6993 (8-1=7, 7x1000-7 = 6993,
make neg)
2.
Adding fractions of form a/b + b/a
a. Find the difference of a and b and square it for
the numerator, the product of a and b is
denominator; write 2 for the whole number
b. 3/5 + 5/3 = 2 4/15 (5-3 = 2, 22 = 4; 5x3 = 15)
c.2/7 + 7/2 = 3 11/14 (7-2 = 5, 52 = 25; 7x2 = 14;
since 25/14 is improper, make it mixed and add
the 2)
3.
Multiply by 11
a. Write last digit, add backwards and write digit
one at a time until one digit left then write it; if
>10, carry 1 and add, dont write commas
b. 53 x 11 = 583 (write 3, add 5+3, write 8,
write 5)
c.57 x 11 = 627 (write 7, add 5+7, write 2, carry 1
and add 5, write 6)
28. Averages
a. Pick a middle # and add or subtract difference
from there; find mean of differences and add to
middle #
b. 84,92,89,100,90,79,97,97: Pick 90, so 6 +21+10+0-11+7=8 8/8#s = 1; 90 + 1 = 91
29. Comparing Fractions
a. Use cross products
b. Which is larger: 5/13 or 7/18? 5 x 18 = 90; 7 x
13 = 91; 91 is larger so 7/18 is larger
30. Roman Numerals
a. I = 1; V = 5; X = 10; L = 50; C = 100; D = 500;
M = 1000
31. GCF or GCD (Greatest Common Factor/Divisor)
a. List factors of smaller number largest to
smallest, stop when you get a factor of larger #
b. Double smallest number so bigger than other
#, then subtract, if not GCF divide by prime
factor or double and subtract again
c.12 & 20 = 4 (12x2 -20 = 4)
d. 20 & 72 = 4 (80 -72 = 8/2 = 4)
e. 126 & 198 = 18 (198-126=72, double 72,144126 = 18)
32. LCM (Least Common Multiple)
i. 3 + 5 + 7 + + 15 = 63 (3 + 15 = 18, 18/2
= 9; 15 3 = 12, 12 + 2 = 14, 14/2 = 7; 9 x 7
= 63)
b. Sum of numbers starting with 1 is n(n+1)/2
i. 1+2+3++10 = 10(11)/2 = 55
c.Sum of odd numbers starting with 1 is [(n+1)/2]2
i. 1+3+5++11 = (12/2)2 = 36
41. Squares & alternating patterns
a. Difference by 1: add numbers; Difference by
2,3, or 4: then multiply by sum 2,3 ,or 4
b. 232 222 + 212 -202 = 86 (23+22+21+20)
c.362 -342 +322 -302= 264 ( 36+34+32+30= 132,
132x2)
d. If numbers increase before alternating then
take opposite sign of sum
e. 512-522+532-542 = -210 (51+52+53+54 = 210,
then make neg)
42. Fibonacci (sum for 8 terms is 21a +33b or
3(7a+11b))
a. The sum of the first 8 terms in 1,1,2,3,5,8,..=54
( 21x1 + 33x1)
b. Sum of first 8 terms in 2,5,7,12,19, = 207
( 21x2 + 33x5)
43. Repeating Decimals as Fractions
a. Any repeating # as a fraction goes over 9; for
every digit that doesnt repeat, think of as
messed up mixed number with decimal # in
front, convert mixed number to fraction
disregarding decimal, multiply denom by 10
b. 27 x 54 = 23 x 24 x 54 = 23 x 104 = 80000
48. Geometry
a. Number of diagonals in a polygon is n(n-3)/2
i. Pentagon = 5 ( 5x2/2)
ii. Undecagaon = 44 (11x8/2)
b. Triangle inequality: subtract and add to find
possible range of third side exclusive
i. An obtuse triangle has integer sides 5, x, and
9. The smallest value of x is? 5
(4 < x < 14)
ii. A triangle has integer sides 8, x, and 17. The
largest value of x is? 24 (9 < x < 25)
c.Pythagorean triples
i. 3,4,5 (and multiples); 5,12,13; 7,24,25