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Culture Documents
Hans Oersted
Michael Faraday
James Maxwell
Andre Ampere
Kamerlingh Onnes
Faradays Law
Faradays 1st Law
Faradays 2nd Law
Coulumbs 1st Law
Coulumbs 2nd Law
Childs Law
Wiedmann-Franz Law
Curies Law
Curie-Weiss Law
Ewings theory of
Ferromagnetism
Amperes Theorem
Relationship of magnetism and electricity that served as the foundation of theory for
electromagnets
Most important electrical effect is the magnetic effect
Theory of electromagnetic induction
Current Carrying conductor would move when placed in a magnetic field
Electromagnetic Theory of light
Demonstrated that there are magnetic effects around every current carrying conductor and
that these conductors act like a magnet
Superconductivity
Whenever a conductor cuts a magnetic flux, an emf is induced in it
The magnitude of induced emf is directly proportional to the rate of change of flux linkages
Whenever the flux linking a coil or current changes, an emf is induced in it
Force between 2 magnetic poles is directly proportional to their strengths
Force between 2 magnetic poles id inversely proportional to the distance between them
Current in a thermionic diode varies directly with the three halves power of anode voltage
and inversely with the square of distance between the electrodes
Ratio of the thermal conductivity to the electric conductivity is directly proportional to the
absolute temp for all metals
The magnetic susceptibilities of most paramagnetic materials are inversely proportional to
their absolute temperatures
Law relating the M and E susceptibilities and the absolute temperature
Theory of ferromagnetic phenomena which assumes each atom is a permanent magnet
which can turn freely about its center under the influence of applied fields and magnets
States that a current flowing in a circuit produces a magnetic field at external points
equivalent to that due to a magnetic shell whose bounding edge is the conductor and
whose strength is equal to the strength of current
Also called corkscrew rule
If looking at any one end of a solenoid, the direction of current is found to be clockwise
then the end under observation is a south pole
If a solenoid is held by the right hand with the fingers pointing to the direction of the
current flow, the outstretched thumb will point to the north pole
A pole which when placed in air from a similar and equal pole repels it with a force of 1/4pi
newtons
Point in a magnet where the intensity of the magnetic lines of force is max
Straight Line passing through 2 poles of a magnet
Ur<1 U<Uo ; air, H, bismuth, gold, antimony, copper, zinc, mercury, silver
Ur>1 U>Uo ; aluminum, platinum, manganese, chromium, oxygen
Domain
Toroid
Hall effect
Greatest % of materials
Ur>>1 U>>Uo ; cobalt
Diameter of atom
Diameter of atomic nucleus
Diameter of Hydrogen Atom
Reciprocal of Reluctance / Analogous to conductance
Amount of magnetizing force to counter balance the residual magnetism
Ratio of flux in iron to flux in air (iba iba yung tawag sa book at sa coaching)
The flux density produced in it due to its own magnetism
Lag between B and H
Non metallic materials that have ferromagnetic properties
Air space between magnets
Used to maintain the strength of magnetic field
Where all magnetic field originates from
Magnetic field does not interact with this
Magnetic field inside a solenoid
Resembles the magnetic field of a bar magnet
A current is flowing east along a power line. If the earths field is neglected, the direction
of the magnet below it is
When a wire loop is rotated in a magnetic field, the direction of the induced emf changes
every
Group of magnetically aligned atoms
Electromagnet with its core is in the form of a close magnetic ring
Small voltages generated by a conductor with current in an external magnetic field
Edison effect
Ferro
10^-10 m
10^-15 to 10^-16 m
1.1 x 10^-8 cm
Permeance
Coercivity
Leakage Factor
Intensity Magnetism
Hysteresis
Ferrites
Air Gap
Keeper
Moving electrical charge
Stationary Electrical Charges
Uniform
Current Carrying Wire Loop
North
revolution
Wiegand effect
Wall Effect
Bridgman effect
Hydrogen
Germanium
Atomic Mass
Atomic Number
72.6
28.09
# of protons
Copper
Metallic bonding
Motor Action
Flux linkages
Electron Volt (eV)
Joule, Watt-sec, KW-h
KW-h
Ion
Thermionic emission
Amber
Plasma
Exclusion Principle
Pauli Exclusion Principle
Radio Freq
Ohms Law
Crystalline Solid
Amorphous
Permits mechanical
Clearance
Van der Waals Bond
Atomic Packing Factor
Madelung Constant
Creepage
Aurora
1.15 to 1.25
Astrionic
Air
Soft iron
Using material with narrow
hysteresis loop
Silicon steel
Unlimited
Ohm-m
Siemens / Mhos
Siemens/m
Resistivity Temperature
2 Wb/m^2
insulators
semiconductors
conductors
CHAPTER2
+ to - to +
W
VAR
VA
Power factor
Reactive factor
Voltage Magnification Factor
Current Magnification Factor
Voltage Resonance
Current Resonance
Ionization Current
ELI
ICE
ELI by exactly 90 deg
ICE by exactly 90 deg
ELI by less than 90 deg
ICE by less than 90 deg
Reactance = 0
0.707
Gang Capacitor
Trimmer Capacitor
55 ohm-cm
60 ohm-cm
55 ohm-cm
Leading or Lagging
Leading pf
Lagging pf
Separation of the half power
points
Effective Value
Faradic current
Stray Capacitance
1.73
Triangular Wave
Independent to each other
Appliances have different
current ratings
Sinusoidal
Square wave
Ideal Current Source
(parallel r)
Ideal Voltage Source
(series r)
Ideal Ammeter
(in series to the circuit)
Ideal Voltmeter
(in // to the circuit)
Resonance Curve
Reactance Chart
Edge Effect
The narrower the passband
Internal Heating
Phase
3.7K
It has a varying magnetic
Conventional Flow
Electron Flow
P true power
Q reactive power
S apparent power
Cos = P/S
Sin = Q/S
Q Factor of Series resonant circuit
Q factor of // Resonant Circuit
Series Resonance
Parallel Resonace
Results from free electrons
Series Resonace / Acceptor Circuit
Parallel Resonance / Rejector Circuit
Pure inductance
Pure capacitance
RL
RC
If I and V are in phase for an AC circuit
Current is ____ times the max current at half power points of a resonance curve
Variable Capacitor which the C is varied by varying the plate area
A variable capacitor in which C is varied by changing distance between plates
Specific resistance of pure Ge
Resistivity of pure Ge under standard conditions
Specific resistance of pure Si
Power factor of series RLC at its half power points
Capacitive Load
Inductive Load
Meaning of BW in series RLC
Most important value of a sinewave
An intermittent and non symmetrical alternating current like that obtained from the
secondary winding of an induction coil
Capacitance that exists not through design but because 2 conducting surfaces are
relatively close to each other
Peak factor of a triangular wave
Peakiest waveform
Reason for // connection of appliances in homes
Reason why not in series connection of appliances in homes
Most popular waveform
Most common non sinusoidal waveform
Infinite internal resistance
Zero internal conductance
Zero internal Resistance
Infinite internal conductance
R is 0
R is infinite
Frequency VS Current
Estimates the resonant freq and to find the reactance at any freq for any value of C or I
Refers to the outward curving distortion of the lines of force near the edges of 2 // metal
plates that form a capacitor
(For Series RLC), the higher the Q
Leakage resistance in a capacitor results to
The_____ of an alternating quantity is defined as the fractional part of a period or cycle
through w/c the quantity has advanced from a selected origin
Metal tin becomes a superconductor at this temp
Reason why AC can induce voltage
field
Exponential Law
Sinewaves
Joule
Breakdown Voltage
Blocks DC current
47 ohms
Electrolytic capacitor
Variable Capacitor
Barium Strontium Titanite
Dielectric
Surge Voltage
Voltage
It has reactance in radio freq
circuits
Manganin
Temp coef
Rate at which electrons pas
a given point
Q of 10
770V
Anticapacitance Switch
Bifilar Resistor
Alloy
Vpeak
Vrms
Maximum capacitance
Thevenins Theorem
Phasor
CHAPTER3
1
8 e32 p+
More slowly
Intrinsic semiconductor
Extrinsic semiconductor
2mV/C
Piecewise Linear Model
Diffusion and drift
Diffusion
Drift Current
Carrier Drift
Zener and Avalance Effects
Zener Breakdown
Avalanche Breakdown
Avalance effect
Diffusion or Storage
Capacitance
Lifetime
Recombination
Transit time
Reverse recovery time
Insulator
Compound Semicon
Increase electric
conductivity
Ptype semicon
Ntype semicon
Trivalent Atom
Pentavalent Atom
N type
P Type
PN crystal
Dipole
Barrier Potential
High field emission
Intensity of electric field
Forward current
Reverse Breakdown Voltage
Esaki Diode
Schotty Diode
Shocklet Diode
Bulk resistance
VAristors
Varactor Diode
Point Contact diode
PIN diode
Bulk resistance decreases in
semiconductors
High Resistance
Less than 1 ohm
Transition region capacitance
LED
LAD
IR emitters
Optocoupler
Second approximation
Third approximation
Negative voltage supplies
16.7 ms
8.33 ms
40.6%
81.2
MOSFET
FET
uA
Ohms
Derating Factor
Dember Effect
Bulk Effect
Skin Effect
Anotron Diode
BARITT Diode
Spacistor
Zener Diode
Voltage multiplier
Photoconductive Cell
Emitter Resistor
Silicon
% Ripple
Ripple Voltage
Holes
Isotopes
Series Capacitors
Emitter Follower Circuit
BJT / transistors
FET
Transistors
Power Transistors
Power amplifiers
Oscillators
Ohmic
IGFET
CMOS
Saturation region
Triode region and Saturation
Region
10uF
Qpoint / OperatingPoint
Luminous Efficacy
Scale Current
Input Char Curve
Output Char Curve
RC coupling
Transformer Coupling
1.12eV(Si) and 0.72eV(Ge)
0.135 m2/V-s
Harold Black
Always points to N and away
from P
CE circuit
Junction and Point Contact
Threshold Voltage
DMOSFET
EMOSFET
Heat dissipation
Collector Efficiency
Drift transistor
Poor frequency response
Fission
Neutrino
EG => 5eV
EG = 1.1eV
EG => 0.67eV
Bound Electrons
25mV
8.62 x 10^-5 eV/K
Voltage divider Bias
VGS(OFF) = VGS(ON)
Beta
Alpha
Turns on an enhancement-device
Acts mostly as a FET;
Can operate in D and E
Can only operate in E
Most important factor of a power transistor
Most important consideration in power amplifiers
Has a high frequency cut off due to its low inherent internal capacitance and low electron
transit time
Results when transistors are used as video amplifiers
Break up of nuclei into nuclear fragments that are nuclei themselves
Zero charge and zero mass
Energy gap for insulators
Energy gap for Si semiconductors
Energy gap for Ge semiconductors
Tightly holds the 8 eThermal Voltage at room temp;
Thermal voltage causes holes in intrinsic semiconsuctors
Boltzman constant
Preferred form of biasing a FET
For N-channel EMOSFET
CE gain
= IC/IB
CB gain
= IC/IE
CHAPTER5
Collector has reverse bias
Gain-BW product
Logic probe
Logic analyzer
Oscillators
Biasing
AF transformer
Amplitude Distortion
Frequency
RC coupling
Transformer coupling
DC coupling
Klystron Oscillator
Step Down Transformer
Gives distorted output
Campbell and Wagner
10Khz
Coupling Capacitor
Bigger
At least 2 transistors
Generator Output level is kept
constant
Relaxation oscillator
GPS
1/( 4(LC) )
The smaller the %VR
Thin base
Darlington Pair
Independent
Feedback Networks
Positive Feedback
Negative Feedback
Feedback factor ()
Armstrong circuit
10uF
50uF
Re, re and
Out of phase (180 deg)
Zero
Increase Av
LC oscillator
RC Oscillator
Sine wave oscillator
Hartley Oscillator
Crystal Oscillator
Tuned Amplifier
Wien Bridge Oscillator
Y axis
+ temp coef
- temp coef
Zero temp coef
More battery consumption
Buffer Amplifier
Hand capacitance
Ic becomes maximum
Maximum voltage appears
across transistor
At minimum
AC load line
Power stage
DC
Sum of AC and DC
CMRR = infinity
To set up an operating point