71

Chapter 5

SUMMARY, FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

This chapter presents the brief summary, finding, and recommendations of all the
chapters in this study.

Summary

The study determined Radio Berde as an environmental action in selected

barangays in Legazpi City.
Specifically, it sought to answer the following sub-problems:
1. How often do the audience tune in to Radio Berde?
2. What is the level of environmental awareness of the audience, based on the
program content along:
a. Solid Waste Management
b. Water Conservation
c. Biodiversity
d. Youths Role in the Protection of the Environment
e. Youth Causes for the Environment
3. How effective is Radio Berde as an environmental advocacy based on the
actions initiated by its listeners after the programs airing time?
4. What recommendations may be proposed to improve the program?

72
The descriptive survey method of research was adopted with questionnaires as
tool in gathering the primary data of this study. The statistical tools used in interpreting
data were frequency count, percentage, ranking and weighted mean.

Findings

From the data gathered the study revealed the following findings:

1. Level of listenership of Radio Berdes audience:

a. Listeners. 20 percent tuned in to Radio Berde and 80 percent did not
because most of them do not own radio sets and spent more time watching
television, some only listened to FM stations and some were not aware of
the existence of the program.

b. Frequency. Out of 64 listeners, only 13 of them always listened to Radio

Berde , 31 listened only once a month, 13 listened twice a month, and only
7 listen thrice a month.

2. Level of environmental awareness of the audience, based on the program

content along:
a. Solid Waste Management. Among the three topics discussed in the
program, proper waste disposal through segregation ranked first with a
weighted mean of 2.14. It showed that listeners of the Radio Berde were

73
very aware of the topic. Followed by Reduce, Reuse, Recycle with the
weighted mean of 2.17, and the topic Encourage others to segregate their
wastes got the lowest positive response with a weighted mean of 2.22

b. Water Conservation. Among the three topics discussed in the program,

maximize the use of household water ranked first with a weighted mean of
1.98. It showed that listeners of Radio Berde were very aware of the topic.
Followed by the topic plant more trees with a weighted mean of 2.02, and
the topic report broken pipes got the lowest positive response with a
weighted mean of 2.22.

c. Biodiversity. Among the three topics discussed in the program, promote

protection and preservation of flora and fauna species ranked first with a
weighted mean of 2.12. It showed that listeners of Radio Berde were very
aware of the topic. Followed by the topic report or apprehend violators
with a weighted mean of 2.17, and the topic get involved in groups with
the same cause got the lowest positive response with a weighted mean of
2.22.

d. Youths role in the protection of the environment. Among the three

topics discussed in the program, spearheading an environmental campaign
ranked first with a weighted mean of 2.02. It showed that listeners of
Radio Berde were very aware of the topic.

Followed by the topic

74
encourage others to participate in environmental causes with a weighted
mean of 2.05, and the topic joining environmental organizations got the
lowest positive response with a weighted mean of 2.06.

e. Youth causes for the environment. Among the three topics discussed in
the program, replicate existing initiatives ranked first with a weighted
mean of 2.06. It showed that listeners of Radio Berde were very aware of
the topic. Followed by the topic recognize the vital role of the youth in
environmental protection and encourage others to participate in
environmental causes, both with a weighted mean of 2.14.

3. Effectiveness of Radio Berde as an environmental advocacy based on the

actions initiated by its listeners.
a. Solid Waste Management. Among the three topics discussed in the
program, proper waste disposal through segregation was the most
practiced initiative by the respondents having a total number of 56 or 87.5
percent of the respondents. Its followed by Reduce, Reuse, Recycle with a
total of 46 or 71.9 percent of the respondents, and Encourage others to
segregate their wastes was the least practiced initiative by the respondents
with a total of 44 or 68.7 percent.

b. Water Conservation. Among the three topics discussed in the program,

maximizing the use of household water was the most practiced initiative

75
by the respondents having a total number of 52 or 81.2 percent of the
respondents. Its followed by report broken water pipes with a total
number of 39 or 60.9 percent of the respondents, and plant more trees was
the least practiced initiative by the respondents with a total of 36 or 56.2
percent.

c. Biodiversity. Among the three topics discussed in the program, promoting

protection and preservation of flora and fauna species was the most
practiced initiative by the respondents having a total number of 46 or 71.9
percent of the respondents. Its followed by report or apprehend violators
and get involved in groups with the same cause, both with a total number
of 40 or 62.5 percent of the respondents.

d. Youths role in the protection of the environment. Among the three

topics discussed in the program, joining environmental organizations was
the most practiced initiative by the respondents having a total number of
48 or 75 percent of the respondents. Its followed by spearheading an
environmental campaign with 38 or 59.4 percent of the total number of
respondents, and encourage others to participate in environmental causes
was the least practiced initiative by the respondents having a total of 37 or
57.8 percent.

e. Youth causes for the environment. Among the three topics discussed in
the program, replicate existing initiatives was the most practiced initiative

76
by the respondents having a total number of 44 or 68.7 percent of the
respondents. Its followed by recognize the vital role of the youth in
environmental protection and encourage others to participate in
environmental causes, both having a total of 39 or 60.9 percent of the total
respondents.

4. Recommendations from the respondents. A total number of 36 respondents or

56.2 percent recommended the increase of the frequency of Radio Berdes
broadcast. It was followed by 31 respondents or 48.4 percent who recommended
that the radio program be transferred to FM frequency. While 22 respondents or
34.4 percent recommended to lengthen the airtime of the radio program. Five
respondents or 7.8 percent raised other recommendations like conducting
meetings with barangays regarding the program, broaden the signal range of the
radio program, and give incentives to promote the program, conduct an evaluation
regarding the populations impact on the environment and further promote
advocacies in preserving the environment.

Conclusion

Based on the findings of this study, the following conclusions were drawn:
1. Urban and Rural barangays in Legazpi City were represented by the listeners
from barangays Bitano and San Joaquin respectively. Out of the 320 total
number of respondents, only 64 or 20 percent listen to Radio Berde and 256 or
80 percent did not. The researchers based their findings on the 20 percent total

77
number of listeners of the radio program because they were the primary
source of the findings of the study and they have the capability to practice the
environmental actions heard from the program.
2. Most of the listeners dont have radio sets and spent more time watching
television, some only listen to FM stations and some were not totally aware of
the existence of the program. From these findings, it can be surmised that
television is the most effective and accessible communication medium other
than radio.
3. The advocacies on proper waste disposal through segregation, maximizing the
use of household water, promoting protection and preservation of flora and
fauna species, joining environmental organization, and replicating existing
initiatives had the highest positive response regarding the actions practiced by
the listeners. From these findings, it can be deduced that these were the issues
that are usually initiated and advocated by the government and they must have
had previous knowledge about the issues prior to the airing of the program.
4. It can also be concluded that Radio Berde was a very effective environmental
advocacy in Legazpi City because of the high positive response of the
listeners regarding the actions they had practiced after listening to the
program.

78
Recommendations

From the findings the following recommendations are proposed by the

researchers:
1. The program Radio Berde should have a counterpart in local television
because majority of the listeners prefer watching television over listening to
the radio.
2. Radio Berde should consider transferring to a bigger and more prominent
station because a large percentage from the total number of respondents
answered that they do not tune in to Radyo Veritas rather to DZGB.
3. The radio program should give emphasis on the environmental initiatives of
the Local Government for it serves as a bridge to the citizenry especially on
matters regarding the environment.

79

BIBLIOGRAPHY

BOOKS

C.S. Colline Individual Media for Research (Rex Publishing Corp., 2000)

Fisher, Aubrey, Interact System Model of Decision Emergence, 1990

Gaudencio Aquino, Essentials of Research and Thesis Writing, (Quezon City,

Phoenix Publishing House, 1971)

Soriano, Broadcast Management, 1999

GENERAL REFERENCE
Random House Websters Dictionary Fourth Edition, The Random House
Publishing Company, Inc., 2001

UNDERGRADUATE THESIS

Bonos, et. al., The Effectiveness of AM Radio Broadcasts During Typhoons as

Perceived by Business Operators in the Central Business District of Legazpi City, 2008

80
Bruto, et al., Media Dependency of the Residents of San Miguel Island of Tabaco
City, 2007
Cabarles, et. al., The Effectiveness of Basta Bikolano Aprubado in Legazpi City
as a Community Development Broadcasting Radio Program on Good Governance, 2009

DISSERTATIONS

Altabano, Carlo Henrick, The Contributions Radio Broadcasting Industry in the

New Millenium, 2000

Dedicatoria, Noemi, The Contributions of AM Radio Broadcasts on Delivery of

Basic Government Services to the Residents of Barangay Cagbacong, Legazpi City, 2003

Lugo, Antonio, The Radio Broadcast Industry in the City of Legazpi: Its Profile,
Operational Problems and Development Prospects, 1994

Madrilejos, Marlon et al., The Broadcast Media Preferences and Level of

Awareness of Bicol University Student Leaders on Selected Major National Issues, 1999

Mandreza, et al., The Role of Mass Media in Creating Awareness and Advocating
Public Concerns for Environment as Perceived by Legazpi City, 2002

81
ONLINE SOURCES
Albay

in

Action

on

Climate

Change,

Province

of

Albay,

http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/trofcca/attachment/umea/Presentations/09%20PP%20S-09Lasco_Albay.pdf, October 18, 2010.

Center for Environmental Concerns Philippines, About CEC Philippines,

http://www.cecphils.org/about.php, August 8, 2010.

Center

for

Initiatives

and

Research

on

Climate

Adaptation,

and

Policy

Research,

http://www.albaycirca.org/focus.html/, October 17, 2010.

Center

for

Youth

Development

http://cyd.aed.org/whatis.html, October 18, 2010.

Environmental Advocacy: Academic Requirements, Professional Outlook of the

EnvironmentalPrograms.Net,

http://www.environmentalprograms.net/guidance/env-

advocacy/, October 17, 2010.

Escote,

Alixander,

History

of

Broadcasting

in

the

Philippines,

http://socyberty.com/history/a-history-of-broadcasting-in-the-philippines-from-worldwar-ii-to-the-birth-of-philippine-television/, October 18, 2010.

82
Dr. Lawrence Wallack, Katie Woodruff, Dr. Lori Elizabeth Dorfman, Dr. Iris Diaz,
Iris Diaz, News for a Change: An Advocate's Guide to Working with the Media, Sage
Publications,

Inc.,

1999

http://www.amazon.com/News-Change-Advocates-Guide-

Working/dp/0761919244, August 8, 2010.

Nick Bingham, Andrew Blowers, Chris Belshaw, Contested Environment (OUWiley

Environment

Series),

Wiley-Blackwell,

United

Kingdom,

2003,

http://www.amazon.co.uk/Contested-Environments-OU-Wiley-EnvironmentBingham/dp/0470850000, August 8, 2010.

Slovins

Formula

Sampling

Techniques,

http://www.ehow.com/way_5475547_slovins-formula-sampling-techniques.html,
February 7, 2011.

http://www.thefreedictionary.com/broadcast, October 1, 2010.

83

APPENDIXES

APPENDIX A
LETTER TO THE STATISTICIAN

84

Bicol University
COLLEGE OF ARTS AND LETTERS
Department of Print and Broadcast Media
Legazpi City
January 5, 2011
MR. RUBEN B. CENITA
Aquinas Universtiy of Legazpi Science High School
Legazpi City
Sir:
The undersigned are conducting a thesis entitled, Radio Berde as an Environmental
Action for Development in Selected Barangays in Legazpi City, as partial fulfillment for
the degree Bachelor of Arts in Journalism.
In line with this, we would like to request your assistance as statistician in determining
the total number of respondents needed in the study.
Your positive response regarding the matter is highly appreciated.
Thank you and God Bless!
Sincerely,
(Sgd.) JYREVI MAE A. FERNANDEZ
(Sgd.) SHEENA P. FERRER
(Sgd.) MARIA KAREN E. OFALSA
(Sgd.) JOVIC MAURICE L. YEE
Researchers
Noted:
(Sgd.) FELIPE JOSE PERALTA
Thesis Adviser
APPENDIX B
LETTER TO THE BARANGAY CAPTAINS

85

Bicol University
COLLEGE OF ARTS AND LETTERS
Department of Print and Broadcast Media
Legazpi City
January 25, 2011
TO THE BARANGAY CAPTAIN:
Greetings!
The undersigned are conducting a thesis entitled, Radio Berde as an Environmental
Action for Development in Selected Barangays in Legazpi City, as partial fulfillment for
the degree Bachelor of Arts in Journalism.
In line with this, we would like to ask for your permission, as head of this barangay, to
allow us to conduct a survey in your area.
Your positive response regarding the matter is highly appreciated.
Thank you and God Bless!
Sincerely,
(Sgd.) JYREVI MAE A. FERNANDEZ
(Sgd.) SHEENA P. FERRER
(Sgd.) MARIA KAREN E. OFALSA
(Sgd.) JOVIC MAURICE L. YEE
Researchers
Noted:
(Sgd.) FELIPE JOSE PERALTA
Thesis Adviser
APPENDIX C
SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE

86
(for the respondents)
QUESTIONNAIRE
This undergraduate thesis pertains to Radio Berde as an environmental
action for development in selected barangays in Legazpi City aired in Radyo
Veritas Legazpi 1008 kHz as well as its online counterpart available at its
Facebook Fan Page.
As part of the locale of this research, we, the researchers, would like to
seek help from you in answering this questionnaire for our study to gather
accurate data. The listeners would serve as an important part of the study, thus,
this document is presented to the respondents to be answered honestly. The
result of which will help improve Radio Berde in its cause for the environment.
DIRECTIONS: Please answer the following questions and kindly check (
the option that corresponds to your answer.
I.

) on

Respondents Profile

Name (optional): _______________________________________ Age: ______

Address: _________________________________________________________
Are you aware of the program Radio Berde?
How frequent do you tune in to the program
Always ( )
Bi-monthly ( )
Through what medium?

Yes (

No (

Once a month ( )
Thrice a month ( )
Radio ( ) Online (

II.

Audience awareness, perception and recommendation

Please put a check ( ) on the topic that you have acquired knowledge
from Radio Berde. Afterwards, rate whether or not you were motivated by the
aforementioned topic into creating such initiatives.
Legend:
1 Highly informed
2 Very informed
3 Informed
4 Slightly informed
5 Not informed
Issues/Concerns/Initiative
s
Solid Waste Management
Proper waste disposal
through segregation
Reduce, Reuse, Recycle
Encourage others to

87
segregate their wastes
Water Conservation
Maximize the use of
household water
Report broken water
pipes
Plant more trees
Biodiversity
Promote protection and
preservation of flora and
fauna species
Report or apprehend
violators
Get involved in groups
with the same cause
Youths role in the protection
of the Environment
Joining
environmental
organizations
Spearheading
an
environmental campaign
Encourage others to
participate
in
environmental causes
Youth causes for the
Environment
Replicate
existing
initiatives
Recognize the vital role
of
the
youth
in
environmental protection
Encourage others to
participate
in
environmental causes
Please put a check ( ) on the blank before the practices you initiated because of
the issues heard from Radio Berde.
1. Solid Waste Management
____ Proper waste disposal through segregation
____ Reduce, Reuse, Recycle
____ Encourage others to segregate their wastes
____ Others

88
2. Water Conservation
____ Maximize the use of household water
____ Report broken water pipes
____ Plant more trees
____ Others
3. Biodiversity
____ Promote protection and preservation of flora and fauna species
____ Report or apprehend violators
____ Get involved in groups with the same cause
____ Others
4. Youths Role in the Protection of the Environment
____ Joining environmental organizations
____ Spearheading an environmental campaign
____ Encourage others to participate in environmental causes
____ Others
5. Youth Causes for the Environment
____ Replicate existing initiatives
____ Recognize the vital role of the youth in environmental protection
____ Encourage others to participate in environmental causes
____ Others
III. What would you recommend to the researchers in order to help make Radio
Berde a better environmental advocacy?
( ) Lengthen airtime of Radio Berde
( ) Increase frequency of Radio Berdes broadcast
( ) Move to FM frequency
( ) Others. Specify
________________________________________________________________