Professional Documents
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ASSIGNMENT
NICMAR / SODE OFFICE
Course No.
- NCP 27
Course Title
Assignment No.
-Two
- 30.11.2014
Module No.
- M12
Assignment
You have been selected as a project manager for a prestigious high rise building in
Mumbai, which will be housing very rich personalities from industry and film world.
Your company management has asked you to formalize Quality Management System
(QMS) for interior finishes, Plumbing and prevention of rainwater seepage so that the
overall quality standard and image of company is raised.
Introduction to Quality:
Dr.Joseph M Juran has defined quality as fitness for use.Quality is viewed as one
that requires every member of the organization to provide the next person in the
process with an acceptable product or service. This means that everyone is
responsible to perform a task in such a manner that the product can be used
immediately and in the most efficient manner possible.
As per ISO 9000 quality is the totality of feature and characteristics a product or
service that bears on its ability to safely stated or implied needs.
There is an urgent need for observance of quality in all aspects of construction via
quality of materials, quality of workmanship and proper balance in the quality attained
vis a vis the quality desired.
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It is well known fact that the quality cannot be constructed. It has to be designed in to
a project system. QMS therefore starts from the design stage itself.
STANDARDS AND SPECIFICATIONS FOR MAKING AND TRANSPORTING CONCRETE
The quality of construction depends upon right materials used, the correct methods
followed and produce end product of acceptable performance. The means of quality
control are tests, inspection, supervision and analysis of data etc. Quality tests are
conducted in laboratories and inspection & supervision are carried out on the site and
the data analysis is done by experts in office.
SPECIFICATIONS
The project authorities prepare the process of working out specifications of various
facilities where concrete will be used. However, the standards and specifications for
concrete and its various ingredients are universally standardized and they are required
to be in conformity with same. Indian Standards IS for concrete and its basic
ingredients viz cement, coarse and fine aggregates, water admixtures and various
aspects of concreting its placement and final acceptance should be as per IS
specifications.
The quality control of concrete comprises of the following four functions:
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
Acceptance
The responsibility of all the four functions is shared by contractor, the department
or client and the quality control staff.
Concrete Making:
Raw material for concrete is Cement, Aggregate & Water. Now all the standards and
specifications for making of a particular concrete are according to ASTM or BS or
IS.Testing is to be done at each level for quality control i.e. in the following order:
Cement test:
Setting time
Soundness
Strength
Fineness and grading
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Chemical composition
Specific Gravity
Heat evolution
Water retention
False set
Adulteration
Aggregate test:
Photographic Examination
Grading & surface area
Bulk unit weight
Specific gravity
Absorption and surface moisture
Chemical stability
Resistance to freeze and thaw
Abrasion resistance
Crushing
Impact value
Sampling aggregate
Water test ( for impurities):
Organic
Inorganic
Sulphates
Chlorides
Suspended matter
Hydrogen ion concentration
Seawater
sugar
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Concrete testing
The following European standard test methods for concrete have already been
published as BS ENs:-
SQC:
Statistical Quality Control is based on data calculated with all the specifications so
that to get the relevant workers either skilled in different works or unskilled to
transfer the load etc. Which in return would give quality in the project.
INSPECTION
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Inspection is the act of physical verification of the subject work on the site and
under normal day to day working conditions. The inspection for quality is done by
quality control inspectors who are posted at all active sites and who should be
persons at deputy engineer and above levels. They are member of the quality
control team and unrelated to the production process directly.
Once quality standards and other things are laid out inspection becomes a routine
matter. Inspection stages are as follow:
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.
vi.
vii.
viii.
ix.
Inspection of commissioning
x.
CHECKLIST
Following items must be checked by Quality control engineer.
1. PRELIMINARY
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.
2. PROPORTIONING
i.
Tests of aggregates
ii.
Proportioning of mix
iii.
Mix computations
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iv.
v.
Air content
3. MATERIALS
i.
ii.
iii.
Cement
iv.
v.
vi.
Aggregates
vii.
Acceptability tests
viii.
Gradation
,
organic
matter,
deleterious
substances,soundness,resistance to abrasion, other tests
ix.
Control test
x.
undesirable
4. STOCKPILING
i.
Water
ii.
Admixture
iii.
Reinforcing steel
iv.
v.
Accessories
vi.
Fixtures
vii.
Other materials
5. BEFORE CONCRETING
i.
ii.
6. FORMWORK
i.
ii.
Location
iii.
iv.
v.
Inspection of openings
vi.
Preparation of surfaces
vii.
Final clean up
ii.
iii.
iv.
ii.
iii.
For each batch, check the quantity of coarse aggregate, fine aggregate ,
cement and water, quantity of water being corrected from the viewpoints of
dry wet conditions of the coarse and the fine aggregate
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.
vi.
vii.
Checking the working of the mixer as per the rating of the mixer ,yielding
concrete of uniform colour and consistency
viii.
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ix.
Checking that concrete is placed and compacted before the expiry of initial
setting time of cement and left undisturbed afterwards
x.
Checking that concrete is placed in even layers, each layer being compacted
before placing the next layer
xi.
xii.
Ensuring that while concreting an old work, the surface is chipped, cleaned
with wire brush and wetted with a coat of cement slurry, before laying new
concrete
10.EMBEDDED PARTS
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
11.REINFORCEMENT IN PLACE
i.
ii.
iii.
Splicing
iv.
v.
vi.
vii.
viii.
ix.
x.
xi.
xii.
xiii.
12.CONCRETING
i.
Working conditions
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since
previous
Batching
Cement, aggregates, water, admixtures
Check batching devices
Check yield of concrete
iii.
Mixing
Minimum time, batches delayed in mixer, maximum time, loading, number
of revolutions of drum, water used, mixing capacity of drum, amount of
concrete
iv.
Control of consistency
a. Observations of concrete being placed,tests,adjustments of water or
admixtures in mix
b. Monitoring of air content
c. Concrete temperature check
d. Conveying
e. No segregation of materials, no excessive stiffening or drying out,
time limits
v.
vi.
Contraction joints
a. Location
b. Forming or tooling
c. Dowels of ties (if any ) in place and aligned
vii.
d. Joint
filler
material,location,alignment,stability,freedom
interference with subsequent movement
from
viii.
ix.
x.
Schedule of testing
13.AFTER CONCRETING
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.
Tests of concrete
vi.
QUALITY ASSURANCE
Quality assurance refers to the managerial process which determine the organisations
design, objectives and resources, the project team, funding agencies, performance
standards and feedback on the projects performance, appropriate actions to deal with
deviations and all steps necessary for promoting quality awareness at all levels and in
all parts of the project organisation.
A typical quality assurance programme addresses itself to the following:
i.
ii.
iii.
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iv.
v.
vi.
Quality circles
vii.
Training
viii.
ix.
x.
xi.
xii.
ii.
iii.
Appraising failures to these standard and acting when standards are not being
adhered to
iv.
Development of specifications
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.
QC of incoming materials
vi.
vii.
viii.
ix.
x.
BIBLIOGRAPHY / REFERENCE
1. Construction Quality Management, Published by NICMAR ,2008
2. Total Quality Management by Parag Diwan,Published by Golden Books Centre
Sdn.Bhd.Kuala lampur,1999
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