Categorising materials

Match the materials (1-7) with the descriptions (a - g):

1. Compounds

a. Materials that are not metal

2. Exotic

b. Iron and steel

3. Ferrous

c. Combinations of materials

4. Ceramics

d. Mixture of metals

5. Alloy

e. Plastic materials

6. Non-metallic

f. Minerals transformed by heat

7. Polymers

g. Rare or complex

8. Can you find those materials in your field? Give examples.

1. Compounds =
2. Exotic

water,salt ,etc

3. Ferrous
etc

carbon steel,mild steel, stainless steel,

4. Ceramics

bricks, pipes, floor and roof tiles

5. Alloy

bronze,brass, and steel

6. Non metallic

=
Quartz, diamond, fluorite, calcite,
hornblende, augite,
graphite
7. Polymers
=
silicone, plastic bag

9. Oil Refinery
10. An oil refinery or petroleum refinery is an industrial process
plant where crude oil is processed and refined into more useful products such
as petroleum naphtha, gasoline, diesel fuel, asphalt base, heating oil,
kerosene and liquefied petroleum gas.[1][2] Oil refineries are typically large,
sprawling industrial complexes with extensive piping running throughout,
carrying streams of fluids between large chemical processing units. In many
ways, oil refineries use much of the technology of, and can be thought of, as
types of chemical plants. The crude oil feedstock has typically been
processed by an oil production plant. There is usually an oil depot (tank farm)

at or near an oil refinery for the storage of incoming crude oil feedstock as
well as bulk liquid products.
11.
An oil refinery is considered an essential part of the downstream
side of the petroleum industry.
12.

Petroleum products

13.
Petroleum products are usually grouped into three categories:
light distillates (LPG, gasoline, naphtha), middle distillates (kerosene, diesel),
heavy distillates and residuum (heavy fuel oil, lubricating oils, wax, asphalt).
This classification is based on the way crude oil is distilled and separated into
fractions (called distillates and residuum) as in the above drawing.[2]

Liquified petroleum gas (LPG)

Fuel oils

Gasoline
petrol)

Lubricating oils

Paraffin wax

Asphalt and tar

Petroleum coke

Sulfur

(also

Naphtha

Kerosene and
aircraft fuels

Diesel fuel

known

related

as

jet

Answers these questions:

1. What plant processes crude oil feedstock? The crude oil feedstock has
typically been processed by an oil production plant.
2. What is near from an oil refinery? An oil depot
3. Mention five products of petroleum except petrol!
Naptha,sulfur,tar,wax,kerosene
4. What is crude oil? Explain with your own words! Mixture of naturally occurring
hydrocarbons that is refined into diesel, gasoline, heating oil, jet
fuel,kerosene, and literally thousands of other productss called
petrochemicals

5.
6.

To your own knowledge, answer these questions!

What kinds of material used for producing gasoline (petrol)? formed from the
remains of plants and animals that have been held under tremendous
pressure for millions of years
Mention the materials used in producing plastic! From crude oil ,also made
from Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen
Can shoe polish be produced from oil? Explain!
What is the main raw material in petroleum industry? The main raw material
is Crude oil
What are basic steps of oil refining? Distillation,cracking,treating,reforming
Mention as many products made from petroleum as you know.

Liquified petroleum gas (LPG)

Gasoline (also known as petrol)

Naphtha

Kerosene and related jet aircraft fuels

Diesel fuel

Fuel oils

Lubricating oils

Paraffin wax

Asphalt and tar

Petroleum coke

Sulfur

1.
2.
3.
4.