Detail Survey Report

Group 16
Team leader : Nicky Tay Min Yang
(16502)
Member

: Sherlinajit Kaur (16384)

Yeo Chui Ping (16204)
Yaseen Ahmad (15707)
Victor Midir (16531)

Detail Survey
Introduction
A detail survey is a survey for detail of selected features of a specific area. This type
of survey is regularly used when designing for roads, buildings, extensions and other
new infrastructure. The information gained by the Surveyor is captured using Total
Station (Electronic Theodolite), levels and GPS and drafted using CAD (computer
aided drafting) software. These drawings are of great importance to Engineers,
Building Designers and Architects.

Objective

To perform the details survey on a selected areas.

To produce large scale digital map from objects.

Equipment
Total Station 1
Tripod 1
Mini Prism 2
Nail 1
Compass 1
Wooden peg 1
Measuring tape 1

Procedure
1. Firstly the details of features at the assigned area need was sketched.
2. Occupied point and back sight points were identified.
3. The azimuth at the back sights point was found, primastic compass was used, all
was recorded into total station at occupied point.
4. Or if your coordinate at the back side point are known, they are input into the total
station.
5. Identified features to be surveyed and the code and point number of each of the
features were defined as example in the following table. The instrument height, back
sight points and reflector height are measured.

Item
Pond
Topography
Tree
Road
Building

Code
Pd
Topo
Tr
Rd
Bldg

No. of Point
75
100
37
63
35
310

6. The process measurements of the above detail was measured.

7. Once we completed field data measurement, data was downloaded into computer.
8. Data obtained was processed using AutoCAD Land Development to produce
Digital Map at our assigned study area.

Result Map
Sketch

Detail Survey Map

Geographical Map

Contour Map

Computed Data
1000

47484

68504

16.82 ROAD

1001
1002
1003
1004
1005
1006
1007
1008
1009
1010
1011
1012
1013
1014
1015
1016
1017
1018
1019
1020
1021
1022
1023
1024
1025
1026

7.9
47485
0.8
47484
8.6
47485
2.2
47484
8.1
47485
1.9
47484
7.8
47485
1.9
47484
7.1
47485
1.1
47484
4.4
47484
9.5
47484
3.7
47484
7.5
47484
2.7
47484
5.9
47484
1.5
47484
5.4
47484
0.5
47484
2.5
47483
9
47484
1.7
47483
8.2
47484
1
47483
7.8
47483
8
47483
8.1

9.8
68504
7.4
68505
3.2
68505
2
68505
8
68505
7.4
68505
9.8
68505
7.4
68506
2.2
68506
0.7
68506
7.9
68506
4.7
68506
9.5
68506
9.1
68507
2.2
68507
3
68507
4.6
68507
6.8
68507
6.7
68508
1.5
68508
0.7
68508
5.5
68508
3.7
68509
0.7
68509
0
68509
3.1
68509
5.1

9
16.76
9
16.86
1
16.78
7
16.87
6
16.82
8
16.93
7

ROAD
ROAD
ROAD
ROAD
ROAD
ROAD

16.82
16.94
4
16.84
9
16.95
6

ROAD

16.87
16.97
1
16.94
3
17.00
4
16.98
1
17.04
6
16.97
2
17.09
1
17.12
5

ROAD

17.12
17.17
6
17.10
8
17.31
6
17.22
9
17.33
9
17.38
2

ROAD

ROAD
ROAD
ROAD

ROAD
ROAD
ROAD
ROAD
ROAD
ROAD
ROAD
ROAD

ROAD
ROAD
ROAD
ROAD
ROAD
ROAD

1027
1028
1029
1030
1031
1032
1033
1034
1035
1036
1037
1038
1039
1040
1041
1042
1043
1044
1045
1046
1047
1048
1049
1050
1051
1052
1053

47483
7.9
47483
8.5
47483
8.2
47484
4.2
47484
7
47484
3
47484
5.3
47484
0.5
47484
3.8
47483
8.3
47483
9.8
47483
6.2
47483
7
47483
4.7
47483
4.6
47483
2.8
47483
1.7
47483
0
47482
9.3
47482
7.6
47482
6.5
47482
5.5
47482
4.4
47482
3.8
47482
2.3
47482
2.5
47481

68509
8.8
68510
2.5
68510
6.4
68504
5.1
68504
2.4
68504
3.8
68504
1.1
68504
2.1
68503
9.9
68504
1.3
68503
8.3
68504
1
68503
7.9
68504
0.9
68503
7.7
68504
0.7
68503
7.9
68504
0.7
68503
8
68504
0.7
68503
8.2
68504
0.9
68503
8.3
68504
1.2
68503
8.4
68504
1.3
68503

17.29
8
17.30
1
17.25
4
16.81
7
16.77
4
16.82
3
16.80
4
16.82
9
16.81
9
16.82
2
16.85
3
16.83
1
16.82
2

ROAD
ROAD
ROAD
ROAD
ROAD
ROAD
ROAD
ROAD
ROAD
ROAD
ROAD
ROAD
ROAD

16.81 ROAD
16.80
3 ROAD
16.77
4 ROAD
16.69
16.71
7
16.65
2
16.74
1
16.67
2

ROAD

16.75
16.66
7
16.73
7
16.65
5
16.73
6
16.69

ROAD

ROAD
ROAD
ROAD
ROAD

ROAD
ROAD
ROAD
ROAD
ROAD

1054
1055
1056
1057
1058
1059
1060
1061
1062
1063
1064
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014

9.9
47481
9.8
47481
7.7
47481
5.1
47480
8.2
47481
1.7
47480
4.3
47480
8
47480
0.9
47480
4.4
47479
3.8
47480
4.5
47485
0
47485
4
47486
1.8
47485
7
47484
7.8
47484
6.9
47486
0.3
47484
2
47484
2.6
47486
4.5
47484
8.1
47483
4.5
47483
6.8
47483
6.6
47484
1.2

8.6
68504
1.7
68503
8.9
68503
9.1
68504
3.6
68503
9.8
68504
4.1
68504
0
68504
4.1
68504
0.2
68504
8.9
68504
0.3
68503
9.4
68504
0.7
68504
0.2
68503
6.4
68505
4.7
68502
2.4
68502
3.1
68502
2
68501
7.3
68501
6.5
68501
6.8
68501
7.6
68502
9.3
68503
5.5
68504
6

9
16.76
3
16.67
8
16.62
6
16.81
2
16.66
7

ROAD
ROAD
ROAD
ROAD
ROAD

16.8
16.69
1
16.77
9
16.77
8
16.75
3
16.78
6
16.85
9
16.77
1
16.69
2

ROAD

16.86
16.83
4
16.80
7
16.53
8
16.83
5
16.71
2
16.39
1
16.66
5
16.75
8
16.68
9
16.88
6
16.80
2

TREE

ROAD
ROAD
ROAD
ROAD
ROAD
TREE
TREE
TREE

TREE
TREE
TREE
TREE
TREE
TREE
TREE
TREE
TREE
TREE
TREE

2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
2026
2027
2028
2029
2030
2031
2032
2033
2034
2035
2036
3000
3001
3002
3003
3004

47483
5.6
47481
9.2
47481
1.3
47480
4.1
47479
5.6
47479
4
47479
2.6
47484
7.4
47479
0.8
47484
7.1
47478
9.9
47484
3.6
47478
8.2
47486
7.8
47486
9.7
47479
9.5
47487
5.7
47480
4.1
47487
7.7
47481
0.2
47483
3.1
47484
2.9
47484
2.8
47484
2.1
47484
1.2
47484
0.2
47483

68504
2.7
68504
1.9
68504
3.9
68504
4.4
68504
9.4
68505
1.5
68505
5.2
68505
3.9
68505
8.9
68505
9.6
68506
5.8
68506
6.4
68507
2.3
68506
5
68507
3.6
68509
4.9
68507
5.2
68509
4.4
68506
5.4
68509
3.7
68509
0.4
68504
7.8
68504
7.3
68504
6.6
68504
5.6
68504
5
68504

16.76
2
16.79
4
16.62
9
16.82
8
16.67
2
16.68
5
16.81
2
16.79
3
16.85
4
16.87
4
16.81
1
16.82
6
16.73
4
16.87
7
16.91
6
16.70
9
16.86
8
16.79
7
16.72
2
16.78
4
16.9
16.80
3
16.77
5
16.79
8
16.78
3
16.79
1
16.84

TREE
TREE
TREE
TREE
TREE
TREE
TREE
TREE
TREE
TREE
TREE
TREE
TREE
TREE
TREE
TREE
TREE
TREE
TREE
TREE
TREE
TREE
POND
POND
POND
POND
POND

3005
3006
3007
3008
3009
3010
3011
3012
3013
3014
3015
3016
3017
3018
3019
3020
3021
3022
3023
3024
3025
3026
3027
3028
3029
3030

8.8
47483
7.6
47483
5.9
47483
4.8
47483
2.9
47483
1.6
47482
9.1
47482
7.9
47482
6.3
47482
4.3
47482
3
47482
1.1
47481
9.8
47481
8.4
47481
6.6
47481
5.5
47481
3.6
47481
2.3
47480
8.5
47480
6.1
47480
4.5
47480
2.5
47480
0.6
47479
8.4
47479
7.7
47479
6
47479
5.3

4
68504
3.7
68504
2.6
68504
2.4
68504
2.1
68504
2.3
68504
2.3
68504
2.4
68504
2.3
68504
2
68504
2.2
68504
3.1
68504
3.5
68504
4.2
68504
4.3
68504
4.6
68504
5
68504
4.1
68504
4.1
68504
4.2
68504
4.4
68504
4.5
68504
4.1
68504
7.2
68504
7.8
68504
9.2
68504
9.8

16.77
2
16.83
1
16.85
9
16.80
2
16.75
1

POND
POND
POND
POND
POND

16.79
16.76
3
16.84
5
16.86
5
16.87
5
16.86
8
16.86
6
16.84
4

POND

16.81
16.80
2
16.83
9
16.86
2
16.89
5
16.85
2
16.84
6
16.83
5
16.83
2
16.77
4

POND

POND
POND
POND
POND
POND
POND
POND

POND
POND
POND
POND
POND
POND
POND
POND
POND

16.78 POND
16.72
9 POND
16.76
2 POND

3031
3032
3033
3034
3035
3036
3037
3038
3039
3040
3041
3042
3043
3044
3045
3046
3047
3048
3049
3050
3051
3052
3053
3054
3055
3056
3057

47479
3.4
47479
4.3
47479
2.4
47479
2.5
47479
2.2
47479
1.6
47479
1
47479
0.8
47479
0.5
47479
0
47478
9.3
47478
9.3
47478
8.4
47478
8.4
47478
7.9
47478
7.7
47478
7.3
47479
0.3
47479
1.7
47479
3.1
47479
4.3
47479
5.4
47479
6.6
47479
9.4
47480
0.7
47480
3.8
47480

68504
9.7
68505
1.4
68505
3.3
68505
4.3
68505
6.7
68505
7.9
68505
9
68505
9.8
68506
3.1
68506
5.9
68506
7.6
68506
8.6
68507
1.6
68507
3
68507
4.6
68507
5.5
68507
7.6
68509
5.3
68509
5.2
68509
4.7
68509
4.9
68509
4.6
68509
4.8
68509
4.1
68509
4.3
68509
3.7
68509

16.79
5
16.71
3
16.82
5
16.82
6
16.83
1
16.83
9
16.84
8
16.85
3
16.84
5
16.82
5
16.81
4
16.84
5
16.97
3
16.79
1
16.79
8
16.80
4
16.81
3
16.76
4
16.91
9
16.88
8
16.88
1
16.82
4
16.82
2
16.73
16.76
1
16.77
3
16.81

POND
POND
POND
POND
POND
POND
POND
POND
POND
POND
POND
POND
POND
POND
POND
POND
POND
POND
POND
POND
POND
POND
POND
POND
POND
POND
POND

3058
3059
3060
3061
3062
3063
3064
3065
3066
3067
3068
3069
3070
3071
3072
3073
3074
3075
4000
4001
4002
4003
4004
4005
4006
4007

5.3
47480
6.4
47480
7.6
47480
8.7
47481
0.3
47481
1.3
47481
2.5
47481
3.6
47481
5.8
47481
6.9
47481
8.3
47482
0.6
47482
3.3
47482
5.8
47482
8.1
47482
9.3
47483
0.8
47483
1.6
47483
2.2
47487
4.1
47487
3.1
47487
3.3
47487
9
47488
1.4
47488
1.7
47488
2.7
47485
2.9

3.8
68509
3.2
68509
3.4
68509
2.8
68509
3
68509
2.4
68509
2.5
68509
2
68509
2.5
68509
1.9
68509
2.9
68509
2.3
68509
2.1
68508
9.8
68509
1.1
68508
8.6
68508
7.6
68508
3.3
68508
2.1
68504
1.5
68504
5.7
68505
5.9
68504
1.4
68503
7.2
68502
0.7
68503
9.6
68503
7.6

16.79
9
16.79
4
16.78
4
16.77
7
16.78
1
16.80
7
16.74
4
16.80
8
16.79
6
16.74
3
16.86
5
16.81
1

POND
POND
POND
POND
POND
POND
POND
POND
POND
POND
POND
POND

16.92
16.82
9
16.78
9
16.83
2
16.84
7
16.87
6
16.61
3

POND

16.68
16.72
7
16.60
5
16.63
9

BLDG

POND
POND
POND
POND
POND
BLDG

BLDG
BLDG
BLDG

16.69 BLDG
16.58 BLDG
16.88
2 BLDG

4008
4009
4010
4011
4012
4013
4014
4015
4016
4017
4018
4019
4020
4021
4022
4023
4024
4025
4026
4027
4028
4029
4030
4031
4032
4033
4034

47485
0.2
47485
2.8
47482
5
47482
1.4
47481
5.6
47483
3.5
47483
0.6
47486
8.2
47485
9.5
47486
7.9
47485
9.9
47485
8.8
47485
1.3
47485
1.3
47484
5.9
47484
4.3
47484
4.3
47488
8.6
47488
7.1
47488
8.1
47483
9.8
47483
9
47483
5.9
47483
5.9
47479
5
47478
5.5
47478

68503
7.2
68503
6.8
68503
7.9
68503
8.4
68503
8.4
68503
0.4
68503
0.2
68507
8.7
68507
9.8
68508
3.4
68508
4.3
68508
1.1
68508
1.4
68508
1.4
68508
1.5
68508
5.4
68508
5.5
68505
9.9
68507
6.5
68506
6.8
68505
9.5
68506
3
68506
2.1
68506
2.1
68510
2.3
68510
4
68510

16.91
5
16.80
1
16.77
1
16.67
8
16.66
7
16.77
7
16.74
5

BLDG
BLDG
BLDG
BLDG
BLDG
BLDG
BLDG

16.96 BLDG
17.03
17.14
8
17.13
3
17.06
5

BLDG
BLDG
BLDG
BLDG

17.24 BLDG
17.24
17.06
5
17.21
6
17.21
6
16.70
4
16.83
3
16.72
5
16.27
2
16.54
9
16.64
2
16.66
8
16.61
7

BLDG
BLDG
BLDG
BLDG
BLDG
BLDG
BLDG
BLDG
BLDG
BLDG
BLDG
BLDG

16.58 BLDG
16.57 BLDG

5000
5001
5002
5003
5004
5005
5006
5007
5008
5009
5010
5011
5012
5013
5014
5015
5016
5017
5018
5019
5020
5021
5022
5023
5024
5025

8.6
47486
4.3
47485
7.2
47484
5.7
47483
8.9
47486
3.9
47485
7.1
47484
6.2
47483
9.7
47486
3.5
47485
7
47484
7.1
47484
0.4
47486
3.2
47485
7
47484
7.8
47484
1.1
47486
3
47485
6.9
47485
6.9
47484
8.8
47484
2.4
47486
2.8
47485
6.5
47484
9.7
47484
3.4
47486
2.6

3.5
68507
7.9
68507
8.7
68507
8.6
68507
8.1
68507
5.8
68507
7.1
68507
6.9
68507
6.6
68507
4.6
68507
5.7
68507
5.1
68507
5.3
68507
3
68507
4
68507
3.4
68507
3.8
68507
1.7
68507
2.2
68507
2.2
68507
1.7
68507
1.7
68507
0.3
68507
0.5
68506
9.9
68506
9.8
68506
8.8

17.02
2 TOPO
17.02
2 TOPO
16.99
9 TOPO
16.96
16.95
8
16.96
4
16.96
9
16.98
7
16.92
4
16.94
8
16.95
9
16.99
8
16.93
4
16.93
1
16.88
8
16.98
7
16.90
8
16.86
7
16.86
7
16.89
8
16.94
7
16.89
9

TOPO

16.85
16.90
5
16.96
1
16.85
9

TOPO

TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO

TOPO
TOPO
TOPO

5026
5027
5028
5029
5030
5031
5032
5033
5034
5035
5036
5037
5038
5039
5040
5041
5042
5043
5044
5045
5046
5047
5048
5049
5050
5051
5052

47485
6.1
47485
0.4
47484
4.2
47486
2.2
47485
6
47485
1.3
47484
4.9
47486
1.8
47485
6
47485
1.9
47484
5.1
47486
1.4
47485
6
47485
2.1
47484
5.5
47486
2.7
47485
7.2
47485
2.9
47484
7
47486
1.9
47485
7.3
47485
2.9
47484
7.5
47486
1.7
47485
7
47485
3.2
47484

68506
8.7
68506
8.2
68506
7.9
68506
7.4
68506
7.1
68506
6.6
68506
6.2
68506
5.7
68506
5.7
68506
4.9
68506
3.9
68506
4.1
68506
4.1
68506
3
68506
2
68506
0.7
68506
2.3
68506
1.3
68506
0.5
68505
8.1
68505
9.9
68505
9.3
68505
8
68505
6.2
68505
7.8
68505
7.5
68505

16.79
9
16.85
2
16.94
6
16.84
4
16.81
1
16.83
4
16.91
4
16.79
8
16.75
9
16.8
16.84
7
16.77
7
16.78
8
16.77
6
16.78
1
16.75
5
16.77
6
16.79
9
16.88
3
16.75
9
16.74
1
16.77
5
16.83
2
16.69
6
16.71
5
16.76
6
16.83

TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO

5053
5054
5055
5056
5057
5058
5059
5060
5061
5062
5063
5064
5065
5066
5067
5068
5069
5070
5071
5072
5073
5074
5075
5076
5077
5078

7.9
47486
4.2
47485
8.8
47485
4.2
47485
4.2
47484
7.8
47486
5.3
47485
8.6
47485
4.2
47484
7.4
47486
6.2
47485
7.8
47485
3.7
47484
7
47486
5.8
47485
9.2
47485
4.3
47484
5.8
47486
7.3
47485
9.4
47485
2.1
47484
5.4
47486
4.3
47485
7.2
47485
3.8
47484
5.3
47487
2.4

6.8
68505
3.1
68505
4.9
68505
5.2
68505
5.2
68505
5.3
68504
8.9
68504
9.4
68505
0.7
68505
1.4
68504
6.6
68504
6.5
68504
6.7
68504
9.3
68504
1.4
68504
3
68504
4
68503
9.3
68503
6.3
68504
0.7
68504
0.8
68503
5.2
68503
3.2
68503
6.6
68503
7.7
68503
3
68502
7.4

1
16.64
7
16.67
6
16.72
4
16.72
4
16.80
4
16.67
2
16.64
9
16.71
1
16.78
2
16.67
2
16.67
8
16.71
6
16.81
1
16.64
4
16.65
1
16.73
4
16.75
16.62
2
16.64
7
16.79
3
16.78
7
16.59
3
16.79
8
16.84
7
16.88
9
16.62
8

TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO

5079
5080
5081
5082
5083
5084
5085
5086
5087
5088
5089
5090
5091
5092
5093
5094
5095
5096
5097
5098
5099
56
57

47485
9.9
47485
5.2
47484
5.4
47487
6.7
47485
9.9
47485
6.8
47484
4.3
47487
3.1
47486
3.1
47485
8.7
47484
3.3
47486
9
47486
6.6
47486
1.3
47484
1.6
47486
3.3
47486
7.8
47484
3.4
47486
3.3
47486
9.1
47485
4.6
47484
8.4
47484
8.5

68503
3.7
68503
2.7
68503
0.7
68502
2.7
68503
3.7
68503
0
68502
8.8
68501
7.8
68503
0.6
68502
6.7
68502
5.5
68501
2
68502
5.4
68502
2.1
68502
4.4
68501
8.5
68502
0.7
68502
2.2
68501
8.5
68502
0
68501
5.8
68505
8.7
68504
4.3

16.65
8 TOPO
16.69
16.89
2
16.60
9
16.64
6
16.68
4
16.85
3
16.60
6
16.58
8
16.59
4
16.81
1
16.45
6
16.61
1
16.60
4
16.82
7
16.49
3
16.61
1
16.77
3
16.50
3
16.59
6
16.72
2
16.92
2
16.82
3

TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TBM
TBM

Discussion

Reliability
Throughout this experiment, there were several problems we faced including:
1. Pole visibility decreased due to simultaneous surveys by other groups on our study
area.

2. Points taken too far away from outline of object due to obstacles in between. For
example, the outline of the pond could not be completed because of trees and vehicles
blocking the total station's visibility.
3. Battery of total station was weak causing us to temporarily stop our survey.

Modification
1. Decrease number of surveys occuring at once to maximize visibility of each prism.
2. Make sure total station is placed strategic enough to be able to record all points of
each object.
3. Prepare sufficient batteries for survey beforehand.

Conclusion
The objective of this experiment was to perform the details survey in a given study
area and to produce large scale digital map from objects by operating the AutoCAD
Land Desktop. Throughout this experiment, we learnt how to fully operate the survey
equipments and the strategic way to plan out our data recording to produce a more
detail digital map of the area. Thus, the objective was achieved.

Global Positioning System

Objective
To obtain the unknown coordinates of points on the earth surface using GPS/ satellite
positioning.

Equipments
GPS receiver 1

Tripod + rover + adaptor 1

GPS processing software 1
Computer 1

Procedure
1. GPS receiver is setup at unknown location which has clear sky view.
2. GPS data is collected for a certain period of time around 45 minutes.
3. The data is downloaded into a computer.
4. The data is processed using GPS software.
5. The coordinates of the locations is obtained and was presented them numerically
and graphically.

Result
Northi
Eastin
ng
g
Z
47569 29763
base
6.4
0.3 0.327
47568 29762
100
8
4.4 0.236
47568 29762
101
7.3
9.3 0.326
47567 29762
102
4.7
7.8 0.332
Point

Code
STN
RR
RR
RR

103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129

47567
0
47566
0.5
47565
3.2
47564
6.2
47563
8.4
47563
0.7
47562
2.8
47561
4.1
47560
7.3
47560
7.1
47560
3
47569
3.9
47569
5.6
47569
9.4
47570
2.1
47570
3.3
47570
3
47571
1.6
47571
2.3
47571
1.7
47571
3.1
47571
4.4
47571
7.9
47572
0.6
47572
6.7
47573
7.4
47573

29762
3.3
29762
1.2
29762
0.5
29761
9.8
29762
2.8
29762
2.5
29762
2
29762
0.5
29761
9.5
29761
7.6
29761
6.2
29763
0.5
29762
9.8
29763
1.1
29763
4.3
29763
9
29764
4.8
29766
2.3
29767
1.2
29767
8.3
29768
9
29769
6.3
29770
6.3
29771
7.9
29772
1.7
29772
2.9
29773

0.202
0.311
0.287
0.213
0.255
0.348
0.378
0.245
0.355

RR
RR
RR
RR
RR
RR
RR
RR
RR

-0.11
0.066
0.385
0.274
0.321
0.432
0.432
0.578
1.226
1.074
0.623
0.243
1.383

RR

4.437
0.476
0.234
0.243
-

RRF

RR
RR
RRF
RRF
RRF
RRF
RRF
RRF
RRF
RRF
RRF
RRF

RRF
RRF
RRF
RRF

130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155

7.9
47572
9.3
47573
9.1
47574
2.7
47574
7.7
47575
4.9
47575
6.7
47575
9.2
47576
4.6
47577
0.6
47577
7.7
47578
4
47579
1.7
47579
9.1
47580
4.8
47581
0.9
47582
3.9
47583
0.8
47583
8.5
47584
7
47585
7.9
47586
7.4
47588
4.3
47589
6.3
47591
2.1
47591
9
47593
0.1

1.1
29773
0.4
29773
7.5
29774
7.3
29775
3.2
29775
9.7
29776
1.5
29776
5.9
29777
1.6
29777
3.8
29777
3.4
29777
3.4
29777
3.8
29777
4.2
29777
4.4
29777
4.5
29777
6.2
29777
4.3
29776
8.5
29777
0.4
29776
8.6
29776
7.7
29776
7.6
29776
7.7
29776
7.3
29776
1
29776
5.8

0.213
0.31 RRF
0.114 RRF
0.04 RRF
0.091 RRF
0.332 RRF
0.405 RRF
0.391 RRF
0.336 RRF
0.405 RRF
0.214 RRF
0.067 RRF
0.038 RRF
-0.1
0.172
0.186
0.183
0.265
0.172
0.255
0.203
0.228
0.247
0.221
0.266

RRF
RRF
RRF
RRF
RRF
RRF
RRF
RRF
RRF
RRF
RRF
RRF

0.232 RRF
0.431 RRF

156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182

47594
1.6
47595
7.6
47597
0.6
47598
3.9
47599
4.5
47600
0
47601
6.4
47602
8.9
47602
8.4
47569
2.4
47571
0.8
47572
0.8
47572
5.2
47572
9.7
47573
2.9
47571
3.2
47571
8.2
47571
9.2
47572
4.4
47573
0.8
47573
0.1
47572
8.2
47571
2.9
47571
4.1
47571
5.3
47571
4.4
47571

29776
5.6
29776
3.4
29776
4.9
29776
8.2
29777
6.3
29777
8.3
29778
6.4
29777
6.8
29776
6.6
29763
0.5
29763
6.5
29764
2.3
29764
3.9
29764
2.5
29763
9.9
29767
7.1
29768
1.9
29769
1
29769
1.5
29769
0.5
29768
2.7
29767
6.6
29768
5.8
29769
0.7
29769
4.3
29769
5.1
29769

0.122 RRF
0.091 RRF
0.137 RRF
-0.68
0.276
0.289
0.459
0.675

RRF

-0.39
0.404
0.692
0.638
0.627
0.572
0.391
0.675
0.622
0.418
0.558
0.501
0.608
0.711
0.512
0.576
0.304
0.356
-

RRF

RRF
RRF
RRF
RRF

RRF
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO

183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208

5
47569
2.3
47569
2.3
47569
2.2
47569
4.5
47568
7.2
47567
7.4
47566
7.7
47565
1.1
47564
0.5
47562
9.6
47561
2.5
47560
1
47558
1.5
47556
9
47553
6.5
47551
5.9
47555
3.7
47556
1.4
47569
4
47571
1
47572
9.6
47571
3.9
47571
8.1
47571
3.8
47570
7.9
47572
4.1

7.4
29763
0.4
29763
0.5
29763
5.1
29764
3.5
29762
9.7
29763
1.7
29762
7.4
29763
3.6
29762
7.5
29761
5.9
29762
0.5
29761
3.2
29760
7
29761
5.3
29760
4.5
29760
8.8
29761
3.9
29761
3.6
29763
0.7
29766
8.8
29767
7.4
29769
3.2
29770
5.1
29771
7.7
29772
5.5
29766
6.9

0.265
0.381 TOPO
-0.39 TOPO
0.547 TOPO
0.691 TOPO
-0.47
0.681
0.439
0.501
0.425
0.156
0.281
0.369
0.975
0.241

TOPO

-0.41
0.331
0.311
0.287
0.351
0.653
0.599

TOPO

TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO

TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
TOPO
RR
TOPO

-0.52 TREE
0.338 TREE
0.199 TOPO
-0.11 RR
0.685 TOPO

209
210

47571
0.1
47570
6.2

29763
0.2
29762
7.4

0.215 RR
0.363 RR

GPS MAP

Discussion
1. GPS determines distance between a GPS satellite and a GPS
receiver by measuring the amount of the time it takes a radio signal
to travel from the satellite to the GPS receiver.
2. Radio waves travel at the speed of light, which is about 3.0
x10^8 meter per second. So, if the amount of time it takes for the
signal to travel from the satellite to the receiver is known, the
distance from the satellite to the receiver (distance= speed x time)
can be determined.
3. If the exact time when the signal wad transmitted at the exact
time when it was received is known, the signals travel time can be
determined.

Modification
i. Augmentation
Integrating external information into the calculation process can
materially improve accuracy such augmentation systems are
generally named or described on how the information arrives.

ii. Precise Monitoring

Accuracy can be improved through precise monitoring and
measurement of existing GPS signal in additional or alternate ways.

Reliability
There are several sources for these errors, the most significant of
which are discussed below.
i. Atmospheric Conditions
The ionosphere are troposphere both refract the GPS signals. This
causes the speed of the GPS signal in the ionosphere and
troposphere to be different from the speed of GPS signal in space.
ii. Multipath
A GPS signal is bouncing off a reflective surface prior to reach the
GPS receiver antenna is referred to as multipath.
iii. Selective Availability
Ephemeris errors should not be confused with selective availability
(SA), which is the intential alteration of the time and ephemeris
signals by the department of defence.

Conclusion
The coordinates of approximately 30 points be determined using
GPS. From the result, we conclude that difference in coordinates of
the 30 points are due difference in datum. Results are presented as
above on the result section. Therefore, the objective to obtain
coordinates of random points on earth is achieved.

APPENDIX
Detail survey

Picture 1 :We were collecting the data for road during

detail survey.

Picture 2 :Saving data in Total Station for Detail Survey

Picture 3: Group 16 Detail Survey

GPS

Picture 4: Recording points for Global Positioning System