Set No.

Code No: W0803/R05

II B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, November 2010

CHEMICAL PROCESS CALCULATIONS
(Chemical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours
Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
?????
1. A natural gas has the following composition, all figures being in volumetric percent:
Methane CH4 83.5%. Ethane C2 H6 -12.5% Nitrogen N2 4.0% Calculate:
(a) Composition in mole percent
(b) Composition in weight percent:
(c) Average molecular weight
(d) Density at standard conditions as pounds per cubic feet

[16]

2. (a) A gas mixture contains 0.1234 kg-mole of HCl ,0.153Kg-mole of nitrogen, and
0.04037 Kg-mole of oxygen .Calculate its density in kg/m3 at a pressure of
1.72 atm and a temperature of 400 C
(b) State and prove law of Amagat

[8+8]

3. Hexane and heptane form ideal solutions. The following table gives the vapor pressure of hexane and heptane.
Temperature.(O C)
Hexane (mmHg)
Heptane (mmHg)

69
760
295

70
780
302

75
80
915 1060
348 426

85
1125
498

90
95
1405 1577
588 675

99.2
1765
760

Plot T-x-y and x-y diagram at 760 mmHg. Where T is the temperature, x is the
liquid phase mole fraction and y is vapor phase mole fraction.
Solve this problem graphically.

[16]

4. An air (B) - water (A) sample has a dry bulb temperature of 500 C and a wet bulb
temperature of 350 C. Estimate any of its four properties at a total pressure of one
atm making use of humidity chart.
[16]
5. Pure CO2 may be prepared by treating limestone with sulfuric acid. The limestone
used in the process contains CaCO3 , MgCO3 and inert compounds. The acid used
contains 12% H2SO4 by weight. The residue from the process had the following
composition: CaSO4 - 8.56%, MgSO4 - 5.23%, H2 SO4 - 1.05%, Inert - 0.53%, CO2
- 0.12%, H2 O - 84.51%. During the process, the mass was warmed where CO2 and
H2 O got removed. Calculate the following:
(a) The analysis of limestone
(b) The % excess acid used

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Set No. 1

Code No: W0803/R05

(c) The weight and analysis of the material distilled from the reaction mass per
1000 kg of limestone treated.
[16]
6. Methanol is produced by the reaction of CO with H2 according to the equation .
CO + 2H2 CH3 OH
Only 15% of the CO entering the reactor is converted to methanol. The methanol
product is condensed and separated from the un-reacted gases, which are recycled.
The feed to the reactor contains 2 mole of H2 for every mole of CO. The fresh feed
enters at 350 C and 300 atm. To produce 6,600 kg/hr of methanol calculate
(a) Volume of fresh feed gas and
(b) The recycle ratio.

[16]

7. Write short notes on :

(a) Internal Energy
(b) External energy
(c) Heat and work

[5+5+6]

8. In an experiment methane is burnt with theoretical quantity of air for complete

combustion. The heat of reaction at 250 C is given as
CH4 (g) + 2O2 (g) = CO2 (g) + 2H2 O (g) H = 191.760 kcal/gmol. The reaction
is incomplete. Carbon content of methane which burns goes exclusively to carbon
di oxide, if the methane and air are originally at 2500 C and the total product
including un burnt methane and unused oxygen leave at 5000 C, Calculate what %
of methane is burnt. Water leaves in the vapor form. Average Cp values are as
follows: [Kcal/kg mol 0 C]; O2 = 7.40; N2 = 7.09; CH4 = 10.88; CO2 = 10.48; H2 O
= 8.35.
[16]
?????

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Set No. 2

Code No: W0803/R05

II B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, November 2010

CHEMICAL PROCESS CALCULATIONS
(Chemical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours
Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
?????
1. A natural gas has the following composition on volume basis CH4-83.5%,C2H2 -9%
and N2-7.5%. Calculate:
[16]
(a) composition in mole %.
(b) the composition in weight %,
(c) average molecular weight of the gas and
(d) specific gravity of the mixture.
2. (a) If air contains 79% nitrogen and 21% oxygen by volume, what is the density
in kg/m3 at a temperature of 20o C and a pressure of 741 mmHg?
(b) Define Daltons and Amagats law

[8+8]

3. Estimate the temperature required for the distillation of aniline (C6 H7 N) at pressure
of 720 mm Hg.in the presence of liquid water. Calculate the weight of steam evolved
per pound of aniline distilled. The vapor pressure of water and aniline are given
by Antoine equation. ln P = A - B/(T+C)
Where p is in mm Hg, T is in 0 K and A,B,C are constants. The values of (A, B,
C) for water and aniline are given by
A
B
Water 18.3036 3816.44
Aniline 16.6748 3857.52
Solve this problem graphically.

C
- 46.13
-73.15
[16]

4. Acetone is used as a solvent in a certain process. Recovery of the acetone is accomplished by evaporation in to a stream of N2 followed by cooling and compression of
the final gas mixture. In the solvent recovery unit 5000 kg of acetone are removed
per hour. The N2 is admitted at 380 C and 750 mm Hg. Partial pressure of acetone
in incoming nitrogen is 10 mm Hg. The nitrogen leaves at 29.40 C, 740 mm Hg and
85% saturation.
(a) How many m3 of incoming gas must be admitted per hour to obtain the
required rate of evaporation of the acetone?
(b) How many m3 of gases leave the unit per hour? (Molecular weight of Acetone
(CH3 )2 CO is 58. Vapor pressure of acetone at 29.40 C is 287 mm Hg)
[16]

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Set No. 2

Code No: W0803/R05

5. (a) A cotton mill dries a water soaked fabric in a drier from 54% to 9% moisture.
How many kg of water are removed by drying operation per 1200 kg of feed.
(b) A gas containing 2% NH3 , 25.4% N2 and the rest H2 is flowing in a pipe. To
measure the flow rate an ammonia rich gas containing 96% NH3 , 3% H2 and
1% N2 is sent at a rate of 100 cc/min. The concentration of NH3 in the down
stream is 6%. Find the flow rate of gas at inlet.
[8+8]
6. A stock containing 1.5 kg of water per kg of dry material is to be dried to 1.0 kg
of water per kg dry material. For each kg of dry material 60 kg of dry air is passed
through the drier. The air leaves at a humidity of 0.05. The fresh air humidity is
0.015. Calculate the fraction of air recycled.
[16]
7. Write short notes on :
(a) Internal Energy
(b) External energy
(c) Heat and work

[5+5+6]

8. Carbon monoxide at 150 0 C is burnt under atmospheric condition with dry air at
550 0 C is 95% excess of that theoretically required the products of combustion leave
the reaction chamber at 1000 0 C. Assuming complete combustion calculate the heat
evolved in the reaction chamber in kilo calories per kg mole of carbon monoxide
burnt. The heat of combustion of carbon monoxide is 67.640 Kcal/ kg mole. The
following average values of specific heat in Kcal / kg mol 0 C: CO = 7.0; Air = 7.25;
CO2 = 11.8; O2 = 0; N2 = 7.5.
[16]
?????

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Set No. 3

Code No: W0803/R05

II B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, November 2010

CHEMICAL PROCESS CALCULATIONS
(Chemical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours
Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
?????
1. A natural gas has the following composition on volume basis CH4-83.5%,C2H2 -9%
and N2-7.5%. Calculate:
[16]
(a) composition in mole %.
(b) the composition in weight %,
(c) average molecular weight of the gas and
(d) specific gravity of the mixture.
2. (a) Thirty pounds of coal (Analysis 80%C & 20%H2 ignoring ash) are burned with
600 lb of air. Yielding a gas having the orsat analysis in which the ration of
CO2 to CO is 3 to 2. What is the percent excess air? Also, calculate the
analysis of gas
(b) State laws of Dalton and Amagat

[12+4]

3. The following is the vapor pressure of benzene and chloro-benzene

Temperature (0 C)
79.6 90
100 110 120 132.3
Benzene (mmHg)
760 1013 1340 1744 2235 2965
Chloro-benzene (mmHg) 85
208 293 408 542
760
Assuming the Raoult?s law is valid use the above data to plot T-x-y and x-y at
a total pressure of 760 mmHg. Where T is the temperature, x is the liquid phase
mole fraction and y is vapor phase mole fraction
[16]
4. Define the following terms and give their respective equations explaining the symbols used in the equations
(a) Humidity
(b) Saturated gas
(c) Relative humidity
(d) Percentage humidity

[16]

5. (a) Certain soap contains 50% moisture on the wet basis when raw. The moisture
is reduced to 20% before the soap is pressed into cakes. How many 300g cakes
can be pressed from 1 ton of raw soap?
(b) Phosphate rock at Rs.80/tonne is being added to a cheap fertilizer to enrich
it. If the cheap fertilizer costs Rs.32/tonne and the final blended product
including 30% profit is to be marketed at Rs.64/tonne, how much phosphate
rock should be added to each ton of cheap fertilizer?
[8+8]
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Set No. 3

Code No: W0803/R05

6. Methanol is produced by the reaction of CO with H2 according to the equation .

CO + 2H2 CH3 OH
Only 15% of the CO entering the reactor is converted to methanol. The methanol
product is condensed and separated from the un-reacted gases, which are recycled.
The feed to the reactor contains 2 mole of H2 for every mole of CO. The fresh feed
enters at 350 C and 300 atm. To produce 6,600 kg/hr of methanol calculate
(a) Volume of fresh feed gas and
(b) The recycle ratio.

[16]

7. (a) Define sensible heat and latent heat

(b) Define heat of fusion and heat of vaporization
(c) Explain heat of condensation and heat of sublimation

[6+4+6]

8. Write short notes on

(a) Standard heat of reaction
(b) Standard heat of formation.

[8+8]
?????

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Set No. 4

Code No: W0803/R05

II B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, November 2010

CHEMICAL PROCESS CALCULATIONS
(Chemical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours
Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
?????
1. An aqueous solution of ammonium chloride contains 25gms of ammonium chloride
per 100 cc of solution at 200 C. It is given that density of ammonium chloride
solution at 20o C is 1.246 g/ml). Calculate the following:(a) weight percent of ammonium chloride.
(b) mole percent.
(c) normality.
(d) Kgs of solute per 100 m3 of solution at 200 c.
(e) Kg moles of solute per kg of solvent.

[16]

2. In the manufacture of HCl, a gas is obtained that contains 25% HCl and 75% air by
volume. This gas is passed through an absorption system in which 98% of the HCl
is removed. The gas enters the system at a temperature of 490 C and a pressure of
743 mm Hg and leaves at a temperature of 270 C and a pressure of 738 mm Hg.
(a) Calculate the volume of gas leaving per 100 m3 entering the absorption apparatus.
(b) Calculate the percentage composition by volume of the gases leaving the absorption apparatus
(c) Calculate the weight of HCl removed per 100 m3 of gas entering the absorption
apparatus.
[16]
3. (a) What is the main principle involved to derive Clausius Clapeyron equation
and what are the assumptions made.
[8+8]
(b) Why the equilibrium vapor pressure of component effected in case of miscible
liquid and not in immiscible liquids.
4. An air (B) - water (A) sample has a dry bulb temperature of 500 C and a wet bulb
temperature of 350 C. Estimate any of its four properties at a total pressure of one
atm making use of humidity chart.
[16]
5. (a) A cotton mill dries a water soaked fabric in a drier from 54% to 9% moisture.
How many kg of water are removed by drying operation per 1200 kg of feed.
(b) A gas containing 2% NH3 , 25.4% N2 and the rest H2 is flowing in a pipe. To
measure the flow rate an ammonia rich gas containing 96% NH3 , 3% H2 and
1% N2 is sent at a rate of 100 cc/min. The concentration of NH3 in the down
stream is 6%. Find the flow rate of gas at inlet.
[8+8]
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Set No. 4

Code No: W0803/R05

6. Fresh orange juice contains 12% solids and balance water. Concentrated juice
contains 42% solids. In the present process, the evaporator is bypassed with a
fraction of fresh juice. The juice that enters the evaporator is to be concentrated
to 58% solids and is mixed with the bypass to achieve desired final concentration.
Calculate the amount of concentrated juice produced per 100kg of fresh juice fed
to the process and fraction of feed that bypasses the evaporator.
[16]
7. Write
(a) Kopps rule
(b) Troutons rule
(c) Kistyakowsky equation for non jpolar liquids

[5+6+5]

8. Calculate the standard heat of reaction at 298 0 K when gaseous ammonia is dissolved in water to form 2% by weight of its solution for the regeneration of a weak
anion exchanger of a water treatment plant. The heats of formation of ammonia,
water and ammonium hydroxide are -45.94, -285.83, -361.2 kJ/mol respectively.
[16]
?????

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