Dr. Savita Sable. MCT College of Education and Research.

Airoli, Navi Mumbai

MEANING & DEFINITION OF ICT

Technology is the process of using scientific material & human resources in order to meet human
need & purpose.

Information can be defined as, ”that which can be communicated & understood.”

We can then put together a basic definition of IT as

Information technology is the use of information in order to meet human need or purpose.

The definition of ICT in education is therefore :

Use of information in order to meet human need or purpose in the field including many elements
such as
1) Media of communication: radio, T.V., image, capture devices including still and video
cameras, internet, video recorder.

2) Information machines: computers(hardware & software)

3) Telecommunication technologies & equipments satellites, fiber optic cable, phones,

Machines.

ICT in education means application of IT & telecommunication & information machines in the
field of education. ICT covers not just computers but also technology involved in communication.

ICT means enhancement & dissemination of information through various infrastructure and
services.

ICT in education means imparting the quality and standard of education in schools by using
technology in variety of ways to enrich the quality of pupils classroom experiences
Make teaching more effective by reducing time used for administration.

ICT refers to the various technologies that enhance the creation storage processing
communication and dissemination of information.

ICT refers to the different infrastructure used in these processes, their application and numerous
services these infrastructure render.

Information & communication technologies are the computing and communication facilities and
features that variously support teaching learning and a range of activities in education.

Simple terms we define it as :

“Technology used to communicate required information at right place and time by means of
communication media.”

Dr. Savita Sable. MCT College of Education and Research. Airoli, Navi Mumbai
 Dr. Savita Sable. MCT College of Education and Research. Airoli, Navi Mumbai

The use of hardware & software for efficient management of information. For eg. Storage
retrieval, processing, communicating, diffusing and information storage for social, cultural and
economic enlistment.

ICT is about the new ways in which we can communicate, inquire, make decisions and solve
problems .

It is the process, tools and technologies for

1. gathering and identifying information

2. classifying and organizing
3. summarizing and synthesizing
4. Analyzing and evaluating.
5. speculation and predicating

ICT include both traditional (e.g radio,TV, print, video\film) and newer technologies (Internet,
virtul reality, distance education applications, mind-computer interface technologies, etc)

ICT-related activities include the use of:

a. broadcast material or CD-ROM as source of information in history;

b. micro-computers with appropriate keybords and oher divices o each literacy and writing:
c. keyboards, effects and sequencers in music teaching<
d. devices to facilitate communication for pupils with special needs:
e. email to support collaborative writing and sharing of resources:
f. video-conferencing to support the teaching of modern foreigen languages:
g. inernet-based research to support geographical enquiry:
h. communication technology to exchange administrative and assessment data.

CHARACTERISTICS OF ICT

1. USES CONTEMPORARY DEVICES: ICT makes use of the latest devices such as the
satellite connections, internet, mobile phones, radio, TV, teleconferencing,etc.

2. HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE COMPONENT: Hardware components : Computers, TV,

video, radio, phones, microphone, speaker etc. The software include TV programs, radio telecasts,
software packages, programmed instruction, CD’S , tapes etc.

3. FOCUS ON MANY EDUCATIONAL ASPECTS: ICT in education is any Information

Technology that focuses on the acquisition, storage , manipulation, management , transmission or
reception of data required for the educational purpose ( about admissions, records)

Dr. Savita Sable. MCT College of Education and Research. Airoli, Navi Mumbai
 Dr. Savita Sable. MCT College of Education and Research. Airoli, Navi Mumbai

4. DEALS WITH THE EXCHANGE OF INFORMATION : With the use of Electronic learning
technology like Teleconferencing, powerpoint presentations, CDROM are communication technology
which is a part of ICT.

5. ANY EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY APPLIED IN EDUCATIONAL PROCESS:

Includes hardware and software approach , systems approach, different software packages in different
departments of education.

6. SUPPORT MATERIAL : ICT in education is the support material in the hands of

resourceinvolved in the educational process.

7. APPLICATION OF SCIENCE: ICT in education comprises of science of On-line , off-line

learning with the help of computer technology.

ADVANTAGES OF THE USE OF ICT IN EDUCATION:

 QUICK ACCESS TO INFORMATION: in seconds by connecting to the internet and surfing

through Web pages.

 EASY AVAILABILITY OF UPDATED DATA: sitting at home comfortable place the desired
information can be acessesed.

 CONNECTING GEOGRAPHICALLY DISPERSED REGIONS: Students from different

parts of the world can learn together by using online, offline resources. Such collaborative learning
results in developing divergent thinking, global perspectives and respect for vaied nature of human life
and acculturation.

 FACILITATION OF LEARNING: ICT helpps students to explore knowledge to learn the

content through self study (situational learning programmed learning, online learning courses.

 CATERING TO INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES: as per their capabilities and interest.

 WIDER RANGE OF COMMUNICATION MEDIA : Due to ICT different means of
communication are being introduced in teaching learning process. (offline learning, online learning,
blended learning, collaborative learning, individualized learning. Teachers can use project method,
discovery method and different virtual learning methods.

 COST EFFECTIVE : ICT remains the cheapest, most accessible and therefore most dominant. It
serves purpse of educating larger population of learners.

 CHANGING ROLES OF TEACHER: The load of the teache has reduced considerably due to
ICT, hence can spend more time exploring and designing newer and effective ways and strategies of
teaching learning process.
Dr. Savita Sable. MCT College of Education and Research. Airoli, Navi Mumbai
 Dr. Savita Sable. MCT College of Education and Research. Airoli, Navi Mumbai

 MINIMIZING PSYCHOLOGICAL BARRIERS: ICT ensures active participation of every

student , learning with the help of resources (E-mail, virtual chats, blogs and other compute assisted
learning resources, shy & introvert students feel free to communicate.

 EFFECTIVE COLLABORATION BETWEEN SCHOOLS AND WITH THE SOCIETY:

The LAN & WAN have made it possible for the schools to connect with each other and collaborate in
teaching, learning and exchange of ideas and information.
 WIDER LEARNING OPPORTUNITIES FOR PUPILS: many options to the learners to opt
for the courses of their choices (online courses, different quizzes, online tests)

 FLEXIBILITY OF USE: New ICT application have given rise to the terms ‘any time any
place’ to support teaching and learning. One outgrowth of this flexibility is development of
virtual educational experience.

 CONDUCTS A RANGE OF ACTIVITIES:

Teaching through virtual classroom and teleconferencing, personalized instruction through
computers, mass education and distance education through internet ,TV and radio programs ,
helping the physically challenged and the learning through internet and web based courses ,
language learning etc

 INTEGRATION OF MULTIMEDIA: ICT has integrated multiple media in to the single educational
application. Multimedia application on CD-ROM’S and websites may incorporate text. Pictures , audio,
graphics, animation, simulation, full motion video and links to other websites greatly enriching the learning
experiences.

 PURPOSIVE AND DIRECTED TOWARDS THE ACHIVEMENT OF PRE-DETERMINED

GOALS: The programs shown on TV, radio broadcasts,etc are preplanned according to educational
objectives with reference to certain target groups. For example the programs shown in Gyan Darshan are for
the students who have enrolled in distance education.

 MIXED ABILITY TEACHING: It caters to individual differences. It caters to the needs of different
people. Slow learners, physically handicapped, children with learning disability, learners living remote
areas , individual instruction and mass education is taken care of.

 EDUCATES BOTH IN FORMAL AND INFORMAL SETTINGS:Many programs shown on TV

and radio broadcast can educate people in informal settings. Surfing on the internet for some topic can also
be learning in informal setting . A web based traning program , programs shon on TV for IGNOU can be
termed as formal learning through the internet and TV.

 BRINGS ABOUT CHANGE AND REFORM: ICT is powerful tool to bring about social change
because it educates people both in formal and informal settings. Teachers can professionally grow by
keeping themselves updated with the latest knowledge; any person can apply for any course on the
internet for learning . The TV and radio educates the mass. It also brings the world together by virtual
classrooms. It helps in changing the out look of people.
 CONNECTIVITY: Computers in educational setting are now connected to LAN or internet with
undespersed adaptors of LAN. IT decreases telecommunication task and increases bandwith.
Dr. Savita Sable. MCT College of Education and Research. Airoli, Navi Mumbai
 Dr. Savita Sable. MCT College of Education and Research. Airoli, Navi Mumbai

 SPEED OF CAPTURE:- Computers can capture data much faster and much moer frequently
than by hand.

 ACCURACY:- Computer can process enormous amounts of data very rapidly with greater
accuracy and precision.

 EASE OF CAPTURE:- This increases the productivity of the class and encourages higher
quality work.

 HIGHER APPLICABILITY:- Video and computer conferencing can be used in teaching

learning process.

 DATA COLLECTION & INTERFACING:- ICT helps in collecting data in a variety of ways
i.e. forms internet, conferencing, computer, telecommunication devices etc. Collects
experimental data straight into the computer memory.

DISADVANTAGES OF ICT IN EDUCATION

 DIGITAL DIVIDE : Adopted more in urban areas than in rural areas. Average schools
cannot afford to set up the infrastructure required for using ICT in education
 LACK OF INFRASTRUCTURE: Availability of appropriate rooms or building to house
the technology, computers as well as affordable internet service for online learning,
availability of electricity and telephony are basic pre-requisites for setting up infrastructure.
 LACK OF SET STANDARD : Set standards of E-learning is not yet properly specified to
ensure credibility about the entire educational process from formulating the objectives till
evaluation process.
 DEARTH OF TRAINED TEACHERS: Lack of teachers equipped with ICT skills, a big
lot of in-service teachers are not familiar with the latest technology.
 RIGIDITY: older technologies have longer and richer history as ICT tools in education,
teachers and educational institutes are reluctant to change.
 MISUSE: Access to both desirable and undesirable information, undesirable information
can have negative impact on the behaviour and overall personality of the child.

 COSTLY: initial cost of setting up the infrastructure for the use of latest ICT is very high,
therefore becomes major hurdle in the integration of Ict in education..

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ET, CT & IT

1. Information Technology(IT) : comprises the knowledge, skills and understanding needed to
process and employ information. Processing information in terms of accessing, storing ,
processing and disseminating of information.

Communication Technology (CT): implies the knowledge , skills and understanding needed to
exchange information verbally or nonverbally. It is processing of information in terms of accessing
of information, decoding information and sending it via medium and channel to the receivers.

Dr. Savita Sable. MCT College of Education and Research. Airoli, Navi Mumbai
 Dr. Savita Sable. MCT College of Education and Research. Airoli, Navi Mumbai

Educational Technology : comprises of science of applying any hardware or software approach in

education for enhancing the quality. It is systematically applied IT or CT in the educational process.

1. ET is associated with the field of education.

CT is associated with the area of communication and
IT relates to field of information.

2. ET refers to the development of a set of systematic methods, practical knowledge for

designing, operating and testing in schools.
CT refers to the new sophisticated technologies used to extend the ability to communicate
effectively and efficiently across longer distance and over longer period of time.
IT is a scientific technologies and engineering disciplined and management techniques used in
handling the information its application and association with social economical and cultural matters.

3. ET is concerned with the development application and evaluation of teaching learning techniques
and strategies.
CT is technology employed in transmitting messages.
IT is primarily concerned with information processing, storing and dissemination.

4. Its main objective is to make teaching learning easier, interesting and effective.
CT – Its main objective is to transmit/communicate message with great speed and accuracy.
IT- Its main objective is to disseminate large amount of information in a shortest possible time to
large number of people.

5. ET- the same hardware and software technologies can be used by a large number of students.
CT- the same message can be transmitted to a large number of people at the same time.
IT- information is available anytime and from anywhere.

6. ET helps in the qualitative improvement of education. It influences the entire teaching learning
process i.e. curriculum transaction and evaluation.
CT has opened the door to the information age, in which information has become not only one
but also the essential resources for social progress, commercial purpose, research and quality of life.
IT is changing every aspect of human life including communication, trade, manufacturing,
services, culture and education.

7. ET- chief hurdle- lack of knowledge and training on the part of teachers to use the technology,
technical failure, inaccessibility to various technologies.
CT- chief hurdle- technical failure, inappropriate use of vocabulary in the message, failure of
computer and its system etc.
IT- chief hurdle- technical failure, problem with computer network inaccurate information etc.

8. ET-Egs. Hardware technology i.e. various A.V aids computers projectors etc. Software includes
programmed teaching simulation teaching Slide transparencies disc, tape etc.
CT- Egs. Computer chat, e-mail, videophone, cellular phone teleconferencing radio, T.V. etc.
IT- Egs. Computer Xerox graphics, photo state, laser technology in printing etc.

Dr. Savita Sable. MCT College of Education and Research. Airoli, Navi Mumbai