1. She looks pretty sick. I think she ________ go to a doctor.

( ) can ( ) should
2. You've been driving all day. You ________ be exhausted!
( ) must ( ) should

CONDITIONAL SENTENSES
1.FORMS
type

if-clause

main clause

Simple Present

will-future or (Modal + infinitive)

II

Simple Past

would + infinitive *

III

Past Perfect

would + have + past participle *

3. You ________ smoke so much. It's bad for your health.

( ) can't ( ) shouldn't
4. Hey I'm lost. ________ you help me?
( ) Should ( ) Can
5. You have such a beautiful voice. You ________ sing for us!
( ) should ( ) can
6. I know he speaks five languages, but ________ he speak Arabic?
( ) should ( ) can
7. That looks very expensive. It ________ have cost a fortune!
( ) must ( ) should
8. I ________ believe that you failed your test!
( ) can't ( ) shouldn't
9. I'm on my way. I ________ be there in about 10 minutes.
( ) can ( ) should
10. I ________ afford that.
( ) shouldn't ( ) can't

2. Examples (if-clause at the beginning)

type

if clause

main clause

If I study,

I will pass the exam.

II

If I studied,

I would pass the exam.

III

If I had studied,

I would have passed the exam.

3. Examples (if-clause at the end)

type

main clause

if-clause

I will pass the exam

if I study.

II

I would pass the exam

if I studied.

III

I would have passed the exam

if I had studied.

a.
b.
c.
d.
e.

If I studied, I would not fail the exam. ( I ) ( II ) ( III )

If I study, I will pass the exam. ( I ) ( II ) ( III )
If I study, I will not fail the exam. ( I ) ( II ) ( III )
If I had studied, I would have passed the exam. ( I ) ( II ) ( III )
If I studied, I would pass the exam. ( I ) ( II ) ( III )

First conditional
a. Nature: Open condition, what is said in the condition is possible.
b. Time: This condition refers either to present or to future time.
e.g. If he is late, we will have to go without him.
If my mother knows about this, we are in serious trouble.

Second conditional

* We can
substitute could or might for would (should, may or must are
sometimes possible, too).

I would pass the exam.

I could pass the exam.

I might pass the exam.
I may pass the exam.

I should pass the exam.

I must pass the exam

c. Nature: unreal (impossible) or improbable situations.

d. Time: present; the TENSE is past, but we are talking about the present,
now.
e.g. If I knew her name, I would tell you.
If I were you, I would tell my father.
Compare: If I become president, I will change the social security system.
(Said by a presidential candidate)
If I became president, I would change the social security system. (Said by
a schoolboy: improbable)
If we win this match, we are qualified for the semifinals.
If I won a million pounds, I would stop teaching. (improbable)

Third conditional
e. Nature: unreal
f. Time: Past (so we are talking about a situation that was not so in the past.)
e.g. If you had warned me, I would not have told your father about that
party.(But you didn't, and I have).