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Page 2 – Introduction
Page 3 –
I. AIM
II.HYPOTHESIS
III.EQUIPMENT
IV.METHOD
V.RESULTS
Page 4 –
VI.ANALYSIS OF RESULTS
VII.DISCUSSION
VIII.CONCLUSION
2
I. AIM:
To find how friction is affected by lubricants
II. HYPOTHESIS:
Friction will be reduced when any lubricant is applied to the two moving objects. In
the case of the wheel and bearing, the wheel will be able to turn faster and easier.
In the case of the gears and grease, the gears will turn smoother without must noise
and limitation. Lastly in the case of the lever, the oil will aid the joint to bend
(open/close) faster and easier.
III. EQUIPMENT:
Vegetable oil spray, grease, bearings, 1 skateboard wheel, 2 gears, battery powered
motor, 1 arch lever (from file).
IV. METHOD: 1. Take the wheel and turn it.
2. Observe the effects without lubrication (bearing).
3. Apply the bearing to the wheel and observe how fast and smooth it
turns
4. Record both observations
5. Take the 2 gears and connect it to the motor.
6. Observe the turning of both gears.
7. Apply the grease and observe the turning of the gears.
8. Record both observations
9. Take the arch lever and open and close it 10 times.
10. Observe the ease of closing and opening.
11. Spray the vegetable oil twice on the lever and open and close it
10 times.
12. Observe the difference.
13. Repeat the test
14. Record the results in a table.
V. RESULTS:
Test 1
(observations) Without LubricantWith Lubricant Potential Difference
Gears More strength Less strength Phenomenal
Required to turn, Required to turn, Reduction in heat
Produced heat. Heat is almost gone. And less energy is
Required to run it.
Wheel Slow turning, noise,
Smooth, fast, heatMore speed,
Heat produced. Reduced. Reduced noise,
Reduced heat.
Arch Lever Less flexibility More flexibility Larger range of
Squeaking and Noise gone, less Angles and more
Struggle Power required toEfficient.
Operate
Test 2
(observations) Without LubricantWith Lubricant Potential Difference
Gears More strength Less strength Phenomenal
Required to turn, Required to turn, Reduction in heat
heat. Heat is gone. And less energy is
Required to run it.
Wheel Slow turning, noise,
Smooth, fast, heatMore speed,
Heat produced. Reduced. Reduced noise,
Reduced heat.
Arch Lever Less flexibility More flexibility Larger range of
3
Squeaking and Noise gone, less Angles and more
Struggle/signs Power required toEfficient.
Of tear Operate
VI. ANALYSIS OF RESULTS:
The Results show that wherever a lubricant is used, any type of common friction is
reduced in that movement. The results are repeated in both tests which mean that
the results are accurate, and reliable. Lubrication on any type of movement has not
only reduced friction but also in some cases eliminated it.
VII. DISCUSSION:
The results in this experiment are ensured to be reliable and accurate by doing two
tests and having controls for each test. The accuracy and reliability can be
improved by having more than three different types of movements which require
different lubricants and ultimately produce different types of friction.
VIII. CONCLUSION:
Friction is present everywhere, and in some cases, it’s the only thing helping us
walk, but in some cases it’s only something that limits us in further technologies
and the optimal use of machinery. Over the years, Lubricants have been discovered
which either naturally or synthetically help reduce or completely get friction out of
the picture. Lubricants are in use against friction reduced friction, either
dramatically or the slightest bit which in the long term improves efficiency. Without
lubricants the operations of some vital devices in everyday life it would make it
impossible to live with a world of machinery.
XIV. BIBLIOGRAPHY
http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761569794/Friction.html