Saul David -Solomon

-Ark of the Covenant begins to be constructed by David.

-David is succeeded by Solomon- temple of Solomon
-Most resources of Israel were in Lebanon
-Holy of Holies was kept in the temple of David. In the inner sanctum
-Canaanites were mad at Solomon liked him a little cause he was smart
-After Solomon kingdom was divided into Northern half was Israel-New capital Samaria. Southern half
was Judah
-Northern was attacked by Syrians and was Conquered
-Left Judah alone as an insult. Said there was nothing of value
-586 BC new Babylonians under Nebacanezer conquered Judah. Slaves were taken for 50 years
-Persians freed slaves after 50 years
- Persians and Israel were allies until 332 BC
-Alexander the Great conquers Israel
-168 BC Greek overlord/regional governor. Antiochus Epiphanes comes to power
-He wants unity of religion persecutes Jews
-Jews revolt lead by Judas Maccabeus
-Leads a 20 year rebellion and it is successful starts Maccabeus dynasty
-Romans move in General Pompeii invades in 63 BC and takes over.
-Makes them a city state, pay taxes/support troops/etc.
-Jews rebel in 66 AD. 4 year rebellion
-Hebrews lose this rebellion. Titus destroys Solomons temple
-Worship of Judaism was banned
-Monotheistic religions Christianity/Judaism were banned by the Roman Empire. Because of the Oath of
Allegiance you had to take towards Rome
-They had to flee or they would be executed. Explains why Jewish culture is all over the Eastern
Hemisphere
-Monotheistic- worship of a single god. Judaism was the first one.
-Monotheistic- God who is ethical. Before
-First 5 books of Christian bible- Torah
-The rest were called Tanakh
-Prophets- sends message to God
-Jews believe prophecy of Messiah hasnt been filled. Christians believe he has
-Historiography- History of history
-When I think Ancient Greece. Remember there was an earlier Greek civilization that ruled 1000 years
early.
-Heinrich Schliemann
-Was worth 40m in the 1860s
-Odyssey story of Odysseus: Trojan War. Schliemann liked this book.
-Schliemann went looking for Troy
-He ended up finding 9 different cities that had been built over and over again. In the 7 th layer he finds the
treasure of the kings and Queens of Troy
-Greatest Archeologist of the 19th century
-He was careless with the excavation and blew up many artifacts
-We also learned from Schliemann that Mycenae existed along with Troy
-1876 he found it. It had a famous city gate with a pillar above the gate. On both sides were two lions
perched on a column
-British man Sir Author Evans ask what other myths are true?
-He asked if the legend of the Minotaur was real. He tried to find Knossos and did they were even older
than the Mycenaeans by 500 years.

-Lived on the island of Crete

-Minoans were peaceful, no weapons were found on their island because they were very successful
through trade.
-There were earthquakes there.
-Had one major invention before anyone else, running water. And flush toilets
-Average life expectancy was 45. Minoans had a life expectancy of 70 due to sewage system
-Mainly worshipped a bull god
-Had a different concept of a palace. Had many small rooms as opposed to few large rooms
-First Civ to paint art to make houses look nice
-The only civ to have equality for women
-Had Hieroglyphics that no one can translate. Then created a script language called Linear A, then Linear
B. Minoans and Mycenaeans
-Michael Ventris translates Linear B
-Volcano blew up with force so you can only see the top of the crater today. Tsunami took out most of
Minoans
-Mycenaean had weapons of great quality. Even their middle class had great weapons meant for kings.
-Mycenaeans took census, knew everything that everyone owned, even details of animals names, left
behind many economic records, built graves with many artifacts/gold.
-We dont know what happened to the Mycenaean. Possibly Volcano
-1200-800BC Greek Dark Ages. Civ ceases for 400 years. Education dropped off, lost education, went
backwards in time almost.
Greeks
-Odyssey left for 10 years no one was at the throne. The Iliad isnt written down until education is
rediscovered in 800bc. It was an oral story for 400 years until Homer
-Homer may be relaying details from the Greek Dark Ages instead of the Trojan War.
-Greece, Polis=city state. City of Athens controlled small peninsula
-Most Polices had Acropolis to defend with. Built on hill with defenses at top to shoot down upon
enemies. Arco=High Polis=city state Politician=Pol Police=pol
-Agora
-New writing system Ancient Greek Alphabet was crucial to the Greeks survival
-70% of population in Greece could read and write
-New military tactic called Hoplite Phalanx was crucial to Greeks rerise
-PanHellenic Spirit- Despite being independent they all still got along. They defend one another in a
crisis.
-Period of tyrants- Monarch system 700-500BC
-Generally a tyrant/dictator avoids war. Because war arms your own citizens
-By 500BC democracy starts to emerge in Greece. 2 most important cities Athens and Sparta. Both 350400k people as opposed to around 100k
-Sparta comes into power by taking over Mycene.