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26. A flywheel fitted to a steam engine has a mass of 1000 kg and radius of gyration 350
mm. The starting torque of the engine is a constant which is equal to 580 Nm. Find
the kinetic energy of the flywheel after10 seconds.
27. A uniform disc of diameter 30cm and weighing 5N is mounted on one end of an arm
of length 60cm of the other end of the arm is free to rotated in a universal bearing. If
the disc rotates about the arm with a speed of 300r p m clockwise, looking from the
front, with what speed will it precess about the vertical axis.
28. Derive the natural frequency of a spring mass system by energy method.
29. A stepped shaft carries two masses at its both ends. The shaft has 100mm diameter or
first 100mm length, 150mm diameter for next 200 mm length and 90 mm diameter for
the last 400 mm length. Find the length of torsionally equivalent shaft
30. A disc with radios of gyration 55mm and mass of 4.2kg is mounted centrally on a
horizontal axis of 78mm length between the bearings. It slips about the axial at 750 r
p m anticlockwise direction when viewed from the right hand side of the bearings.
The axles precess about a vertical axis at 50 r p m in clockwise direction when viewed
from above. Determine the resultant action due to mass and gyroscopic effect
31. Prove that the resultant unbalanced force is minimum when half of reciprocating mass
is balanced by the rotating masses.
32. The radius of gyration of flywheel is 1m and the fluctuation of speed is does not
exceed 1% of the mean speed of the flywheel. If the mass of the flywheel is 3340Kg
and the steam engine develops 150KW at 135 r p m. find the maximum fluctuation of
energy
33. Derive an expression for critical damping coefficient.
34. What do you mean by logarithmic decrement? Derive an expression for logarithmic
decrement.
35. A vibrating system has a mass of 200kg and spring stiffness of 80N/mm and a damper
of c=800N/m/s. Find the frequency.
36. The following data is given to a vibrating system with viscous damping. m=25Kg,
k=3 N/mm and amplitude decreases to 0.25 of initial after 5 cycles. Find the damping
coefficient.
37. An instrument vibrates with frequency 1 Hz when there is no damping. when the
damping is provided the frequency is 0.9Hz find
i.
Damping factor
ii.
Logarithmic decrement
38. Derive an expression for natural frequency of tensional vibrations.
39. Derive an expression for length of torsionally equivalent shaft.
PART- C
40. A vertical petrol engine100 mm diameter and 120mm stroke has a connecting rod
250mm long. The mass of the piston is1.1 Kg. The speed is 2000 r. p.m. On the
expansion stroke with a crank 20 from the TDC, the gas pressure is 700KN/m2.
Determine
i.
Net force on the piston
ii.
Resultant load on the gudgeon pin
iii.
Thrust on the cylinder walls
iv. Speed above which the gudgeon pin load would be reversed in direction
41.
a. Derive an expression for energy stored in a flywheel.
b. Derive an expression for velocity and acceleration of the piston.
42. The crank and connecting rod of reciprocating engine is 200mm and 700mm
respectively. The crank is rotating in clockwise direction at 120 rad/s. Find the help of
Kleins construction
i.
Velocity and acceleration of the piston.
ii.
Angular velocity and angular acceleration of the connecting rod.
iii.
Velocity and acceleration at the midpoint of connecting rod.
43. Explain the conditions and equations of a dynamically equivalent system of masses
44. For the static equilibrium of the mechanism find the required input torque.
Dimensions are, AB=150mm, BC=AD=500mm, DC=300MM CE=100mm and
EF=450mm. the load on the piston is F=250 N.
45. A shaft is fitted with a flywheel rotated 250rpm and drives a machine the torque
varies in a two cyclic manner over a period of three revolution , the torque rises from
750N- m to3000N-m uniformly during half revolution and remains constant for one
revolution. If then falls uniformly 750 N-m during next half revolution and remains
constant for one revolution of the cycle. The cycle being repeated there after.
Determine the power required driving the machine and percentage of fluctuation of
speed, if the driving torque applied to the shaft is constant and mass of the flywheel is
500 Kg with radius of gyration 600 mm.
46. A rear engine automobile is travelling along a track of 100 m mean radius. Each of the
four road wheels has a moment of inertia of 2.5 Kg-m2and effective diameters of 0.6
m. rotating parts of the engine have a moment of inertia of 1.2 kg- m2. The engine
axle is parallel to the rear axle and the crank shaft rotate in same sense as the road
wheels. The ratio of engine speed to back axle speed is 3:1. The automobile has a
mass of 1600 Kg and has a centre of gravity 0.5 m above road wheel. The width of
wheel track of the vehicle is 1.5 m. determine the limiting speed of the vehicle around
the curve for all four wheels to maintain contact with road surface.
47. A rotating shaft carries four unbalanced masses 18kg, 4kg, 16kg, 12kg at radius 5cm,
6cm, 7cm & 8cm respectively. The second and third and fourth masses revolving in
planes 8cm,16cm,28cm respectively measured from the plane of first mass and
angularly located at 60,135,270 measured clockwise from first mass looking from
the mass end and the shaft. The shaft is dynamically balance by two masses both
located at 5cm radius and revolving in planes midway between those first and second
masses and midway between third and fourth masses.
48. A four cylinder engine has two outer cranks are 120 to each other and their
reciprocating masses are 400Kg. Distance between the planes of rotation of adjacent
cranks are 400mm,700mm,500mm. Find the reciprocating masses and their relative
position for each inner cranks if the engine is primarily balanced . Also find the
maximum unbalanced secondary force if the length of each crank is 350mm length of
the each connecting rod is 1.7 m and the engine speed 500 r p m.
49. Derive an expression for natural frequency of free damped vibration in over damping
and under damping conditions
50. A machine of mass 75 Kg is mounted on springs and is fitted with a dash port to damp
out vibrations. There are three springs of stiffness 10N/mm and the amplitude of
vibration diminish from 38.4mm to 6.4mm in two amplitude oscillation. Find
PART A
1. What is meant by variational method of analysis?
2. What are weak and strong form functional?
3. Give the finite element formulation for 2D heat conduction for a triangular element.
4. List the general rules of mesh generation for finite element formulation.
PART B
1. What are the essential and non-essential boundary conditions?
2. Briefly describe Rayleigh Ritz method?
3. Express the shape function of a bilinear rectangular element.
4. Sketch the isoparametric quadrilateral element and show 22 and 33 Gaussian points.
5. Explain advantages of isoparametric elements with suitable examples.
6. Describe Weighted Residual Method.
7. Explain Variational approaches and its advantages.
8. What is direct approach method? List the advantages of it.
9. Explain the importance of convergence in FEM.
10. State the condiions to prove convergence mathematically with example figures.
PART C
1. Describe the principle of stationary potential energy with a suitable example.
2. What is meant by lumped and consistent mass matrix and derive the same for an axial
element?
3. Derive the consistent mass matrix for a 2D beam element with 2 degrees of freedom.
4. Using the steps in FEM, derive an expression for linear isoparametric element.
5. Describe the derivations of F.E equations using Variational(Rayleigh-Ritz) approach. Give
the condition for convergence of results.
6. On a four noded quadrilateral plane stress element the nodes are (0,0), (6,2), (6,6), and
(1,5). A concentrated load whose x and y components are 10KN, respectively is applied at a
point (4,5). Find the equivalent nodal forces and the displacement of nodes.
7. Briefly explain the boundary condition for 2D heat transfer and describe the formulation of
element conductance matrix.
8. Write the derivation of finite element equations using Galerkin Approach.
9. Using the area co-ordinates, develop shape functions for a six node triangular element.
PART B (5 MARKS)
MODULE I
30. Explain different steps in design process?
31. What are the different types of fits?
32. Explain the methods to reduce stress concentration?
33. Define the terms:
34. Allowance, (ii) Basic size, (iii) Clearance, (iv) Upper deviation, (v) Tolerance zone
35. Define the terms:
36. Creep, (ii) Fatigue, (iii) Stiffness, (iv) Resilience, (v) Toughness
37. What is meant by Brittleness, Hardness and Plasticity? Why brittleness is undesirable
property for materials to be used for machine parts?
38. A journal of nominal size of 70 mm runs in a bearing with close running fit. Find the
limits of shaft and bearing. What is the maximum and minimum clearance?
39. Calculate the tolerances, fundamental deviations and limits of sizes for the shaft
designated as 60 H8/ f7
40. The load on a bolt consists of axial pull of 10 kN together with a transverse shear
force of 5 kN. Find the diameter of bolt required according to maximum principle
stress theory?
41. A medium force 0.225 mm fit on a 75 mm shaft requires a hole tolerance of 0.225
mm, shaft tolerance of 0.223 mm and an average interference of 0.0375 mm.
determine the proper hole and shaft dimensions with the basic hole standard?
42.
MODULE II
43. What do you mean by efficiency of riveted joint?
44. An eye bolt is to be used for lifting a load of 60 kN. Find the nominal diameter of the
bolt, if the tensile stress is not to exceed 100MPa. Assume coarse threads.
45. Determine the safe tensile loads for bolts of M20 and M 36. Assume the bolts are not
initially stressed and take the safe tensile stress as 200MPa.
46. An engine cylinder is 300 mm in diameter and the steam pressure is 0.7 N/mm 2. if the
cylinder head is held by 12 studs, find the size? Assume safe tensile stress as 28MPa.
47. Find the size of 14 bolts required for a C.I. steam engine cylinder head. The diameter
of the cylinder is 400 mm and the steam pressure is 0.12 N/mm 2. Take the permissible
tensile stress as 35MPa.
48. Two mild steel rods 40mm diameter are to be connected by a cotter joint. The
thickness of the cotter is 12 mm. calculate the diameter of spigot and out side
diameter of socket, if the maximum permissible stresses are : 46 MPa in tension, 35
MPa in shear and 70 MPa in crushing?
MODULE III
49. A gas engine valve spring is to have a mean diameter of 37.5 mm. the maximum load
on it is 450 N with a corresponding deflection of 12.5 mm. find the size of the wire, if
the design shear stress is 300 N/mm2.
50. Sketch and discuss the various types of welded joints used in pressure vessels?
51. What is the nip of leaf spring?
52. What are the various types of ends for helical compression springs?
53. Explain the different types of welded joints with neat sketch?
54. Why reinforcement is normally required in welded joints?
MODULE IV
55. Explain critical speed of shaft?
56. What types of stresses are induced in shafts?
57. What are the advantages and disadvantages of rigid flange coupling?
62. Calculate the fundamental deviation and tolerance and hence obtain the limits of size
for the hole and shaft in the following fit: 60mm, H8f7. The diameter steps are 50 mm
and 80 mm.
63. What is meant by stress concentration? Illustrate how the stress concentration in a
component can be reduced?
MODULE II
64. A locomotive boiler of 1.8 m internal diameter is required to generate steam at 1.4
MPa guage. Calculate the thickness of the shell plate and design the triple riveted
longitudinal double butt strap joint with unequal straps. Use the following data:
t =
MODULE III
71. A bracket carrying a load of 15 kN is to be welded as shown in figure below. Find the
size of weld required if the allowable shear stress is not to exceed 80 MPa.
72. A rectangular cross sectional bar is welded to a support by means of fillet weld as
shown below. Determine the size of the welds if the permissible shear stress in the
weld does not exceed 75 MPa.
74. A rail carriage weighing 200 kN and running at 5 km/hr is brought to rest by four
buffer springs of close coiled helical type during connection with another carriage
which is already at rest. The mean coil diameter is 5 times the wire diameter. The
deflection of each spring is 220 mm, to bring the carriage to rest. Safe shear stress for
the spring material is 400 N/mm2. Calculate the maximum load on the spring,
diameter of wire and coil, number of turns and free length of spring. Assume the ends
of spring are squared and ground. Take G=0.8 X 104 N/mm2.
75. For a valve spring petrol engine, length of the spring when valve is open = 41 mm,
length of the spring when valve is closed = 49mm, spring load when valve is open =
360 N, spring load when valve is closed = 220 N, maximum inside diameter of spring
= 25mm. design the spring for the maximum permissible shear stress of 400 N/mm 2
and G= 83 kN/mm2.
76. Design a helical spring for a spring loaded safety valve in which diameter of valve
seat = 65mm, operating pressure = 0.7 N/mm 2, maximum pressure when the valve
blows off freely = 0.75 N/mm2. Lift of the valve when the pressure rises from 0.7 to
0.75 N/mm2 = 3.5 mm, maximum allowable stress = 550 MPa, modulus of rigidity =
84 kN/mm2, spring index = 6.
MODULE IV
77. A shaft and key are made of the same material and the key width is of the shaft
diameter. Consider shear only, determine the minimum length of the key in terms of
the shaft diameter. The shearing strength of the key material is 60% its crushing
strength. Determine the thickness of the key to make the key equally shear and
crushing.
78. The shaft and flange of a marine engine are to be designed for flange coupling, in
which the flange is forged on the end of the shaft. The following particulars are
considered in the design.
Power of the engine = 3MW
Speed of the engine = 100 rpm
2.
3.
4.
5.
Subject to
x 1+2 x 2+ x 3 8
x1 , x2 , x3 0
20. If for a period of 2 hours in a day trains arrive at a yard every 20 minutes but the
service time continues to remain 36 minutes , then calculate i) The probability that
the yard is empty.
Ii) Average queue length on the assumption that the line capacity of the yard is limited to
4 trains only.
21. Super market has two girls ringing up sales at the counters . If the service time for
each customer is exponential with mean 4 minutes , and if people arrive in a poisson
fashion at the rate of 10 an hour , calculate i) probability of having to wait for
service. ii) expected percentage of idle time for each girl. iii) if a customer has to wait
, what is the expected length of his waiting time?.
22. Solve the following two person zero sum game graphically:
playerB
playerA 10
2
-1
-5
10
-3
23. Find the optimum solution of the following problem using dynamic programming
z=x 1 x 2 x 3
2 x 1 + x 2+ 3 x 3=50, x 1 x 2 x 3 0.
problem: Maximize
subject to
24. Describe briefly different arrival processes and service mechanism in queues.
25. A retail shop has only one person at cash counter. Customers arrive in a poisson
process rate of 10 per hour. The service times are exponential distributed with a mean
duration 4 minutes . Assuming that all customers purchase some items at the shop,
find (i) the average number of customers in the waiting line: (ii) mean duration a
customer spend in the waiting line (iii) fraction of time the cash counter is free (iv)
probability that a customer finds 5 customer in the cash counter.
26. A drive in bank window has a mean service time of two minutes, while the customers
arrive in a rate of 20 per hour (i) what percentage of time will the teller be idle?
(ii) After driving up, how long will it take the average customer to wait in line and
served?
(iii) What fraction of customers will have to wait in line?
27. Explain the concepts of dynamic programming. Give an example of dynamic
programming?
z=Y 1 Y 2 Y 3
28. Use dynamic programming method to solve maximize
subject to the
constraints
Y 1+ Y 2+ Y 3=6, Y 1 Y 2 Y 3 0
solution.
32. How to reduce a feasible solution to basic feasible solution? Explain with an
example.
1. What are the various types of FMS layouts? Explain them schematically.
2. Explain the following
a) Types of AGV
b) Vehicle guidance
3. Explain vehicle management and safety.
4. Explain about unit load AS/RS.
5. Explain types of AS/RS.
6. Describe briefly the functions of computer control in CIM.
7. Discuss about multiclass coding system in group technology.
8. Briefly describe the control systems in robots.