PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE

COURSE OUTILE:
A. Administering the regular services of
architecture
1. Definition of the architects role in the building
industry
2. Liabilities and responsibilities
3. Methods of selecting the architect
4. The architectural projects
5. The professional fees
6. Inter-professional relationships
B.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

The spectrum of the architects services

The pre-design services
The regular design services
Specialized allied services
Construction services
Post-construction services
Comprehensive architectural services
Design-build services

C. Building Laws
1. The laws regulating the practice of
architecture
2. The laws affecting housing, real estate,
design, general construction, etc.
3. The general conditions of a contract

ARCHITECT
- legally and technically qualified to practice
architecture.
Legally
1. 21 years old
2. Pass the board exam with an average of 70%
and with no day falling below 50%
Day 1 30% history of architecture
professional practice
building tech.
Day 2 30% utilities
structural
Day 3 40% architectural design
3. Registered
a. PRC renewable every 3 years during your
birth month
b. BIR
RC residence certificate
PTR professional tax receipt
OR official receipt

c. SEC security exchange committee

d. LGU local government unit
e. DTI department of trade and industry
4. Filipino
Technically
1. Graduate of BS Architecture
2. 2 years diversified training experience
architect
1. Concept 5Ms
2. Document Resources in
-reports; pictures; Construction
graphics; draw 1. materials
3. Implement 2. money
4. Post Implementation 3. manpower
4. machines
5. minutes
CODES OF ETHICS
1. General objectives
2. Ideals
3. Success
4. Remuneration
5. Interest of the clients
6. Professional prerogatives
7. Business venture
8. Behavior
9. Criticism
10. Creative endeavor

METHODS OF SELECTION OF ARCHITECT

1. Direct Selection
2. Indirect Selection
a. Referral from another architect
b. Recommendation from a satisfied client
c. Comparative Selection
3. Design Competition

CLASSIFICATION OF ARCHITECTURAL
PROJECTS
1. NBC use and occupancy
(National Building Code)
2. FCP risk of the occurrence of fire
(Fire Code of the Philippines)
3. UAP degree of difficulty in design
(United Architects of the Philippines)

LIST OF ARCHITECTURAL PROJECTS

1. Simple projects
2. Moderate structures

3. Exceptional structures
4. Residential
5. Monumental structures
6. Repetitive construction
7. Housing projects
8. Extensive detailing
9. Alterations and renovations
10. Consultations and arbitration

- Considered as high-rise residential building.

- According to FCP:
a. considered as exceptional
b. 15m above is considered a high-rise building
that requires consultants for:
- elevator
- sprinklers
- structural engineer

Group 1. Simple Projects

- requires no interior partitions
a. Armories
b. Bakery
c. Hangar

Dominant Use
- Basis for classification of groupings
- Example is Mix-Use building

Minimum basic fee: 6% of the cost

50M or less: 6%=A
50M to 100M: A+5%=B
100M to 200M: B+4%
example:
55M project
50M 3M
5M 0.25M
55M 3.25M
Group 2. Moderate Structures
- have interior partitions
a. Art galleries
b. City halls
c. Libraries
d. Supermarkets
e. Banks
Minimum basic fee: 7% of the cost
Group 3. Exceptional Structures
- with consultants
a. Atomic facilities (physicist)
b. Aquarium (marine biologist)
c. Mortuary
d. Medical facilities / hospital
(electrical engineer)
Minimum basic fee: 8%
Group 4. Residential
Minimum basic fee: 10%
Notes:
** Condominium

Group 5. Monumental Structures

- it requires concept
a. expositions
b. mausoleums
c. museums
d. gateways
Minimum basic fee: 12%
Group 6. Repetitive Construction
- using one and the same plan without any
minute difference
- used several times
- includes group 1,2,3,&5
1st unit : MBF of Grp. 1,2,3 or 5
2nd unit : 80% of MBF
3rd unit : 60% of MBF
4th to infinity : 40% of MBF

Group 7. Housing Projects

- includes only houses
1st unit : MBF
2nd 10th unit : (60% of MBF x N) = B
11th infinity : B+(30% of MBF x N)
where: N = no. of units
Group 8. Extensive Detailing
- includes detailing of furniture, cabinets,
landscapes and interior
Minimum basic fee: 15%
Group 9. Alterations and Renovations
- includes groups 1.2.3.4&5
Minimum basic fee: MBF + 50% of MBF

 SCHEDULE OF PAYMENT
Group 10. Consultation and Arbitration
- architect is entitled to receive payment on
clients when giving an opinion regarding
architectural terms
- as of 1979: P200.00 per hour rate

METHODS OF COMPENSATION
1. Percentage of construction cost
- based on minimum basic fee
2. Multiple of Direct Personnel Expense (MDPE)
- none creative no-construction projects.
- ex. feasibility studies
Architect: NRTMf
Consultants: NRTMf
Staff: NRTMf
Professional Fee: Direct Cost + MP + RE
where:
T : time spend on the project
N : number of person
R : rate
Mf: multiplying factor (2.0-2.5)
RE: reimbursable expenses
MP: margin of profit
-not more than or equal
to 30%

Contractor
1. downpayment: 20% - 50%
2. progressive payment: based on partial
complition
3. guaranteed bond:
punch listing inspect the building upon
completion
Specialized Allied Services
1. proposal phase: 5%
2. submission and acceptance
of preliminary drawings: 25%
3. submission and acceptance
of final drawings: 50%
4. retention fee: 20%
total 100%
Architect
1. proposal phase 5%
2. schematic design phase 15%
3. submittance of design
development phase 15%
4. contract document phase 50%
5. construction phase or
retention fee 15%
total 100%

- reimbursable expenses
a. mutual agreement
b. pertinent to the project
c. occur outside of the 100Km radius from the
base of operation or office

Notes:
** To get the proposal phase of the architect

3. Lump Sum + Fixed Fee

- convert the cost to the nearest whole number
4. Professional Fee + Costs
5. Combination Method
- combination of 1,2,3&4
6. Per Diem
7. Turn Key
- payments received after all the works has been
done

** rule of thumb: 30% open area

ex. buildable area: 100sqm 30sqm
: 70sqm
: P20,000 x 70
: P1,400,000.00

from the lot area, determine the buildable area

buildable area = lot area open spaces

AE (architectural/engineering fee): 10%

: 140,000.00
proposal phase of 5% = P7,000.00

Note:
** 15 days receive payment after all the
working drawings have been submitted.

THE SPECTRUM OF THE ARCHITECTS

SERVICES

UAP Doc. 201

The pre-Design Services
- non-creative projects (MDPE)
Economic feasibility studies
Physical planning services
Architectural programming services
Site selection and analysis
Site utilization and land-use
Space management
Promotional services
UAP Doc. 202
Regular Design Services
- sequential process
Schematic design phase
-integrated regular engineering services
Design development phase
Contract document phase
General conditions
Agreement
Specifications
Special Provisions
Drawings
Construction phase
Milestones of Construction
1. Establishment of References
a. horizontal references
- lot plan, benchmark
b. vertical references
- positioning of elevations
staking plan positioning of wood as marks for
the start of digging and excavation.

Specialized Allied Services

- requires consultants, having specified licenses
Physical planning services
Interior design
Landscape architecture
Acoustics, communications and electronics
Comprehensive planning services

Note:
Estimate
** structural: P50.00 P80.00 per sqm
A. Physical Planning Services
3 types:
1. Site Development Planning
- as of 1979: P5,000.00/has

2. Subdivision Planning in the Urban Area

- as of 1979: P3,000.00/has
Subdivision planning subdividing or parceling
of large lots into smaller lots.

2. Excavation
- supervised by the architect and the structural
engineer
3. Reinforcements
- check size of bars, spacing, splicing and
number of bars.

3. Subdivision Planning in the Rural Area

- as of 1979: P2,000.00/has
civil works
- get paid 4% of the cost of the work
- additional 30% if the terrain is rugged
B. Interior Design
2 types:
1. Interior Decoration
- mainly furniture
2. Interior Design/Architecture
- combination or integration of furniture to its
location
minimum basic fee:
- 12% - 20% of the cost of the work
- 15% is mostly used

Support bars for installation of slab

reinforcement: sapatos or spacer

C. Landscape Architecture
Minimum basic fee: 10% - 15%

4. Concreting
5. Finishing

D. Acoustics, Communications and Electronics

Minimum basic fee: 10% - 15%

UAP Doc. 203

E. Comprehensive Planning

1. Physical planning services

2. Economic planning services
3. Socio-cultural planning services
4. Transportation and utilities planning services
- roads and bridges
5. Legal and administrative
- includes form of government

UAP Doc. 204

Construction Services

It establishes the relationship between: OwnerArchitect, Owner-Contractor(s), and ContractorArchitect. It stipulates the norms by which the
contractor shall perform his work in accordance
with the current trends in the practice of
Architecture.

F full-time supervision: 1% - 1-1/2%

- supervision of the architect on site or its
representative from 8am 5pm
Cm construction management:
1-1/2% - 3%
Pm project management:
2% - 5%

UAP Doc. 205

Post-Construction Services
- making the structure habitable and has
occupancy permit
Be Bldg. and equipment maintenance
Bg Bldg. and grounds administration
PAYMENT SCHEMES
1. Salary method
2. 45 to 6% of the gross monthly rentals
UAP Doc. 206
Comprehensive Architectural Services
- inclusion of UAP Doc. 201 - 205
- package services
UAP Doc. 207
Design-Build Services
- guaranteed maximum cost 10%
a. Design-build administration
b. Design-build guaranteed maximum cost
Contractor
- holds the money
- purchase the materials
- payment for laborers
Builder

compute the payroll

submit computed payroll to the owner
canvass and identify suppliers
no responsibilities in holding the money

UAP Doc. 301: GENERAL CONDITIONS OF A

CONTRACT

Section 1. Definition and Documents

Article 1. Definitions
Article 2. Execution, Correlation and Intent of
Document
Article 3. Drawings and Specifications
b. As-built
c. Detailed Drawings
d. Shop Drawings
e. Working Drawing
Notes:
Construction
** 6 to 8 - distances of nails
** Every 4 - distances of rivet at ridge roll for
roofing
5 Sets of Blue Prints
1 office of the building official
1 contractor
1 owner
1 fire department
1 site:
Only the architect can use the copy at the site.
May cause termination of the contractor in
case of lost or mishandled.
Well-kept at the site.
Protected by electrical tape, binded by wood
and screw and supported by acetate cover.
Additional 4 copies of blue prints
1- homeowner association
1- security of homeowner association
ex: town house, condominium, subdivision, etc.
2 lending institution
a. file
b. appraiser

** 9 copies are free of charge and the

succeeding copies are payable.
Conflicts on drawings and specifications or text
specifications or text will prevail
if not stated on drawings and specification,
the contractor has the right to do it in the most
expensive manner, still the materials have to be
approved by the architect.
Section 2
1. Laws
2. Regulations
3. Site Conditions
- the architect should do ocular inspection of the
site
4. Permits
- responsibility of the contractor to provide
permit on his own expense
5. Taxes
- whoever gains pays tax
6. Insurance
a. life insurance
b. property insurance
7. Survey
- actual verification of size of the lots at the cost
of the owner
- re-survey when problem occur but at his own
expense
Section 3. Equipment and Materials
o Equipments written on quotation submitted by
the contractor must comply with actual usage.
o Materials should follow what is written on
specifications.
Section 4. Premises and Temporary Facilities
o Define by property line
o Consideration of safety of adjacent lots and
users.
Temporary Facilities
1. warehouse
2. bankhouse or barracks
- for stay-in workers
3. office
- for architects negotiations
4. utilities
- water, electrical sources, etc.
5. access
- road, pathways, etc.
6. trial usage

7. enclosures
8. signage
- falling debris
- park at your own risk
Section 5. Protection of Work and Property
Section 6
1. Labor
a. Quantity: no. of worker, lesser the worker
when construction is almost finish
b. Quality: proper work designation such as
painter, carpenter, steel man, etc.
2. Work
- based on specifications and plans
duration include liquidated damages which
means delayed construction to be deducted to
the fee.
a. working days Monday to Friday
b. calendar days number of days including
Saturday, Sunday and holidays
3. Payment
- no payment shall be made without the
approval of the architect.
Notes:
** duration starts counting 7 days after the
acceptance of NTP notice to proceed.
** within 7 days: mobilization and materials
were prepared.
** immediately means 5 days
** s-curve allowable deficiency is 10%
Contractor
1. Certificate of completion (partial)
2. Request for Inspection
3. Billing
4. Certificate of Non-Financial
When accepted
- the architect furnish certificates to the owner:
1. Certificate of acceptance
2. Certificate of payment
Notes:
** the contractor may not be paid till 90 days
before he go to court.
** substantial completion (98%): the contractor
may e paid 100%

Section 7. Contractor-Separate;
Contractors-Subcontractors relations
Section 8. Suspension of Work
People who can suspend work: owner and
contractor
1. Owner
a. Bankruptcy declared by BIR
b. Insubordination not following orders
c. Non payment
2. Contractor
a. Government stoppage of work
b. Non action of request
- drawings
- materials
- inspection
c. Non payment of workers or materials
Notes:
Involving numbers
** 5 days means immediately
** 7 days NTP notice to proceed
** 10 days request for materials and drawings
notice (stop, begin or resume)
** 15 days money matters (request for
inspection, payments, salary and wages)
** 30 days arbitration
** 90 days government stoppage
** 120 days Building Permit (stoppage)
** 365 days Building Permit (without
construction)
3 consecutive board examination failures
guaranteed bond
reinstatement
** 3 years renewal of license
** 15 years liability of architect to his project

BUILDING LAWS
Practice of Architecture
1. RA 545 The Architectural Law
2. PD 49 Intellectual Property Law
3. PD 223 The Law that created the PRC
** Hon. Antonieta Fortuna-Ibe (head)
4. LOI 1000 The letter of Inspection Mandating
Government support only to the A.P.O.
5. EO 164 The Executive order regulating the
hiring of foreign consultants
Article 1. Organization
Article 2. Registration and Exam

** Qualifications
a. 21 years old
b. Filipino
c. Graduate of BS Architecture
d. 2 years diversified experience
e. High-School Graduate
Article 3. Sundry Provision
a. Foreigners cannot practice if there is no
reciprocity
b. Corporation cannot practice architecture
c. Architect whos employed by the government
cannot practice architecture privately
Termination of License
1. Fraudulent Acts
2. Scandalous Acts
3. Criminal Acts
a. Life
b. Property
4. Unsound mind
5. Violation of Code of Ethics
Note:
Designers
** ADB Building Skidmore, Owings and Merrill
(SOM)
** Bureau of Soil Japanese architect
** Lung Center and Health Center George
Ramos
** World Trade Center Minoro Yamasaki
** Only the architect may sign the Architectural
Plans

LAWS THAT AFFECTS HOUSING, GEN.

CONSTRUCTION, DESIGN, REAL ESTATE, ETC.
1. PD 1096 The National Building Code
2. PD 957 The Condominium and Subdivision
Buyers Protective Law
3. BP 220 The Socialized Housing Law
4. BP 344 The Law Enhancing the Mobility of
the Disabled (The Accessibility Law)
5. PD 1185 The Fire Code of the Philippines
Notes:
** former president Ferdinand Marcos signed
most of these laws
** Architect Roberto Pentong Gaite architect
to juries

** Building Permit issued to buildings having a

cost of P15,000.00 of indigenous materials
** Hon. Florante Soriquez secretary of DPWH

PRIORITY CHAPTERS TO STUDY

NBC:
1. Chapter
2. Chapter
3. Chapter
4. Chapter
5. Chapter
6. Chapter

1 General Provision
2 Adm. and Enforcement
3 Permits and Inspection
7- Classification and Use
8 Light and Ventilation
12 Gen. Design and Construction

OTHER INFO
Apprentice Designer Draftsman
- signed by Filipino architect
- current and valid ITR
- under minimum of 6 months work with
architect
- maximum of four architects to sign the logbook
- 3840 hours
- while studying, 4 hours a day may count
- 8 hours a day when working
- overtime, Saturday and Sundays are not
included
- submission of logbook is 30 days before the
board exam