Classroom Action Research is a form of self-reflective inquiry undertaken

by participants in social (including educational) situation in order to improve the

rationality and justice of (a) their own social or educational practices, (b) their
understanding of these practices, and (c) the situation in which practices are
carried out. Classroom action research is conducted in cyclic process, involving
the process of planning, action, observation and reflection, by cycle which
intrinsically explains critical idea and reflective to effectiveness of action. For this
characteristic, there are four components that usually done in classroom action
research. They are:
1.

Planning
Planning is a plan to conduct treatments or after making sure about the
problem of the research, a researcher needs to prepare before doing an

2.

action research.
Acting
This section discusses about the steps and activities that would be taken by
the researcher. It means that a researcher implemented the plan, which is

3.

made in previous phase in the field of research.

Observing
In this step, a researcher has to observe all events or activities during the
research. The observation is done during the research in purpose of getting

4.

any data to show students condition while research is conducted.

Reflecting
Reflecting is the inspection effort on the success or the failure in reaching
the temporary purposes in order to determine the alternative steps that are
probably made to get the final goals of the research.

Use your findings to make decisions about your teaching strategies.

Sometimes you will find that one strategy is clearly more effective, leading to an
obvious choice. Other times, strategies may prove to be equally effective. In that
situation, you may choose the strategy that you prefer or the one that your
students prefer.

For this section, we are from group 3 will be discuss about two components that
usually done in classroom action research. They are:

1.

Acting
This section discusses about the steps and activities that would be taken by
the researcher. It means that a researcher implemented the plan, which is

2.

made in previous phase in the field of research.

Observing
In this step, a researcher has to observe all events or activities during the
research. The observation is done during the research in purpose of getting
any data to show students condition while research is conducted.
The treatment is going to be conducted in cyclic process. The cycle is

started with reflection. Based on the result of making a plan, action and
observation, then get reflection the action before based on the result of the
observation the evaluation.
The action procedure that will be implemented in this study as follows:
1.

2.

Planning :
1.)
Making a teaching scenario for each meeting.
2.)
Preparing the material will be used in the exercise and post test.
3.)
Preparing the teaching media (pictures, photos and slides)
4.)
Preparing the work sheet.
5.)
Preparing the test.
6.)
Preparing the observation instruments ( teachers diary and
questionnaire)
Action
:
Steps in the teaching and learning process
1.)

2.)

Pre-activity
Engagement (gives short brainstorming related to the topic for
focusing the students attention).
whilst-activity
a.)
Exploration (giving student a chance to train);
b.)
Elaboration (giving a challenge to reinforce the student to
c.)

3.)

enlarge their knowledge);

Confirmation (to generalize the material learned : sentence

pattern, phrases, new words)

Post-activity
a.)
Assessment
Based on the action procedures above, the researcher can
construct a teaching scenario as follows (An example) :

Activities
Teacher
Pre-Activity.

Aim

1. Greets

The1. Responding

Students.
2. Check

Greeting
The2. Listening And

Students
Attendant
3. Check

Interaction

Time

Students
To Get The Students

T - Ss

Ready For The

Ss -T

5 Min

Class

Responding
3. Prepare Their
The

Stationeries

Students
Readiness

For

The Class.
4. Look At The
4. Showing Pictures
Picture, And
Related To The
Talk About
Text Prepared
The Picture
And Write The
Title

Of

Text

Prepared

To

Use

Ask

In5. Predict What The

Text Telling

The

Students

About.

To

Students Interest

T - Ss

10 Min

Ss -T

To Predict Topic
To

Create

An

T - Ss

Interest On The

Ss -T

Topic

Predict

What
6. Answer The
The Text Is
Questions
Going To Tell
Orally
About.
The

And

Content.
To Relate Topic
With

Ss

Prior

Knowledge.
To

6. Asked

Generate

The

Reading Class.
5.

To

T - Ss

Give

An

Awareness

Students Some

Nature

Questions

Ss -T

Of
And

Structure Of Text

Related To The
Topic Orally
Whilst-Activity
7. Distributing The 7. Take The Text
Reading
To

T Ss

Text

Students

With

The

Question List.
8. Check
The
Students

8. Ask If They Dont To Train Ss To

Understanding
Of

The

Questions
9. Read The Text.

Understand

See Their Purpose

The Questions

Of Reading

Yet.

T - Ss
Ss -T

65 Min

4.)

Observation
a.)
To note the class situation during the activity, the teacher
b.)

uses the teachers diary.

The questionnaire is given to find out their attitude toward

c.)

the strategy used.

The result of post test is used to measure the weakness of

d.)

the strategy used.

Comparing the result of the pre-test and the post-test in
order to know whether there is an improvement of the

5.)

students ability using our strategy.

Reflections
Analyzing the first meeting with steps of planning, action and the
observation in order to decide whether to continue the investigation
by conducting other cycle or stop.