Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Antenna selection
2010 A. F. Molisch
Contents
Antenna selection
2010 A. F. Molisch
Antenna Selection
Additional costs for MIMO
1. more antenna elements (cheap)
2. more signal processing (Moores law)
3. one RF chain for each antenna element
Antenna selection
2010 A. F. Molisch
DAC
PA
DAC
PA
DAC
PA
S/W
Fewer expensive RF
chains
Antenna selection
2010 A. F. Molisch
Contents
Antenna selection
2010 A. F. Molisch
Received power is i2
Antenna and weight selection for H-S/MRT
2
maxi i
6
2010 A. F. Molisch
i
min Lt , N r i
i
Determine
bound max
~
SH
~2
i max
SH~
~ 2
h ij
bound
p i 1 , 2 , N t
N!
i1
1
N r 1
N r i
exp i
Antenna selection
for
1 2 N t
otherwise
i 1
Nt
Lt
2010 A. F. Molisch
Nt !
j
N r Nt
1
0 d1 N11 e
r
e jL t1 1
d2 N2r 1 e 2 e jL t2 2
Nt1
Nt jL t N t Nt
dNt NNr 1
e
e
Antenna selection
2010 A. F. Molisch
Hybrid selection
cdf(C)
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
Lt=1
2
3
4
Lt=5
6
7
8
15
10
capacity C [bits/s/Hz]
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
5
Antenna selection
Nt=1
2
3
4
Nt=5
6
7
8
15
10
capacity C [bits/s/Hz]
2010 A. F. Molisch
cdf (C)
L=2
L=3
0.5
L=8
0
10
20
30
capacity C [bits/s/Hz]
10
2010 A. F. Molisch
Contents
System model
Performance analysis
Effect of nonidealities
Training
RF preprocessing
Results in measured channels
Hardware aspects
Summary and conclusions
Antenna selection
11
2010 A. F. Molisch
cdf (C)
1
noisy antenna
selection
noisy TX weights
noisy RX weights
0.5
noisy antenna
selection
noisy antenna
selection
noisy TX weights
ideal channel
channel
ideal
estimation
estimation
0
7
10
11
capacity C [bits/s/Hz]
Antenna selection
12
2010 A. F. Molisch
Capacity [bits/s/Hz]
10
8/8 system
9.5
9
8.5
3/8 system
with power
selection
3/8 system
with optimum
selection
7.5
7
-2
-1.5
-1
-0.5
0.5
1.5
Log(Lcorr/)
Antenna selection
13
2010 A. F. Molisch
Contents
System model
Performance analysis
Antenna selection algorithms
Effect of nonidealities
Training
RF preprocessing
Results in measured channels
Hardware aspects
Summary and conclusions
Antenna selection
14
2010 A. F. Molisch
Step 1
Rx1
Tx1
Rx1
Rx1
Tx1
Tx1
RF chain
Rx2
Tx2
Rx2
Tx2
Rx2
Tx2
Step 2
Step 2
Rx1
Tx1
Tx1
RF chain
Rx1
Rx1
Tx1
Rx2
Rx2
Tx2
Rx2
15
2010 A. F. Molisch
Tx1
AS train1
TXASI
Tx2
AS train2
Data from best antenna
AS train3
Tx4
Rx
SIFS
ASFB
TXASR
Request AS training
Antenna selection
Rx estimates channels
16
AS feedback
2010 A. F. Molisch
Antenna selection
17
2010 A. F. Molisch
Antenna selection
18
2010 A. F. Molisch
Antenna selection
19
2010 A. F. Molisch
Optimal weights
Antenna selection
20
2010 A. F. Molisch
Simulation results
Antenna selection
21
2010 A. F. Molisch
Contents
System model
Performance analysis
Antenna selection algorithms
Effect of nonidealities
Training
RF preprocessing
Results in measured channels
Hardware aspects
Summary and conclusions
Antenna selection
22
2010 A. F. Molisch
Principle
Demodulator
RF
1
2 Pre.
.
.
.
Nr
Proc
(M)
S
W
I
T
C
H
1
LNA
LNA
Down
Conv
Down
Conv
Baseband
A/D
Sig
Proc
A/D
Antenna selection
23
2010 A. F. Molisch
RF Pre-processing Solutions
Channel-independent solution
Fixed matrix (FFT Butler matrix)
Time-variant solution
Elements of pre-processing matrix tuned to instantaneous channel
state
Time-invariant solution
Elements of pre-processing matrix based only on channelstatistics
Can be implemented with or without selection
Antenna selection
24
2010 A. F. Molisch
Channel-independent solution
Transformation matrix is DFT matrix
1
r
e j r
e jr1 r
1 e jr1 r e jr1
Antenna selection
25
2010 A. F. Molisch
Time-variant solution
(instantaneous CSI)
For diversity:
Achievable performance: same as with full-complexity CSI
Phase-shifter only solution: optimum performance with 2 RF
chains
Antenna selection
26
2010 A. F. Molisch
Time-invariant preprocessing
Time-variant selection
TI
max EH max
w S L MNr MN r S L
MNr
S L Nt
1/ 2
S L MNr Hv
TI max max EH w S L MNr MN r S L
SL
MNr
Nt
Antenna selection
27
1/ 2
S L MNr Hv
2010 A. F. Molisch
MTI P 1 ,, L ,, N r
Antenna selection
28
2010 A. F. Molisch
Beam Patterns
Time-Invariant
(Mean AoA = 450)
FFT Butler
29
2010 A. F. Molisch
CDF of SNR
Nr = Nt = 4, L = 1
Angle spread = 60
dt/ = 0.5
SNR (dB)
Antenna selection
30
2010 A. F. Molisch
CDF of SNR
Nr = Nt = 4, L = 1
Mean AoA = 600
dt/ = 0.5
SNR (dB)
Antenna selection
31
2010 A. F. Molisch
Contents
System model
Performance analysis
Antenna selection algorithms
Effect of nonidealities
Training
RF preprocessing
Results in measured channels
Hardware aspects
Summary and conclusions
Antenna selection
32
2010 A. F. Molisch
Measurement setup
Measure channel for Personal Area Networks
Use access point, PC, and handheld
Antenna selection
33
2010 A. F. Molisch
Diversity gain
Antenna selection
34
2010 A. F. Molisch
Polarization
Line
Horizontal (H)
Vertical (V)
Saw
lamda/2
10
Empirical CDF
Configurations
10
10
d
10
10
-2
10
H - pol
V - pol
H alt V pol
DP
-4
-5
10
10
Rectangle
10
Saw
-2
H - pol
V - pol
H alt V pol
DP
-4
-5
0
10
Separation
lamda/2
Line
10
10
-2
10
H - pol
V - pol
H alt V pol
DP
-4
-5
0
5
Normalized SNR [dB]
10
10
-2
-4
DP rect /2
DP rect
DP rect 2
DP line
-5
0
5
Normalized SNR [dB]
10
Antenna selection
35
2010 A. F. Molisch
Contents
System model
Performance analysis
Antenna selection algorithms
Effect of nonidealities
Training
RF preprocessing
Results in measured channels
Hardware aspects
Summary and conclusions
Antenna selection
36
2010 A. F. Molisch
Hardware Aspects
Attenuation of switches
either decrease the effective SNR,
or LNA has to be before switchrequires more LNAs
Antenna selection
37
2010 A. F. Molisch
38
2010 A. F. Molisch
Antenna selection
39
2010 A. F. Molisch
Acknowledgements
This work was done in collaboration with
Moe Z. Win
Jack H. Winters
Yang-Seok Choi
Xinying Zhang
Sun-Yuan Kung
Jin-Yun Zhang
Neelesh B. Mehta
Pallav Sudarshan
Yabo Li
Peter Almers
Antenna selection
40
2010 A. F. Molisch
References (1)
Book chapters and journal papers
V. Kristem, N. B. Mehta, and A. F. Molisch, Optimal Receive Antenna Selection in Time-Varying Fading Channels
with Practical Training Constraints, IEEE Trans. Comm., submitted (first round of reviews).
T. Wang, J. Tao, A. F. Molisch, P. Orlik, and J. Zhang, Adaptive Antenna Selection at Mobile Stations for SDMA in
WiMAX Networks, Wireless Computing and Mobile Communications, in press
P. Almers, T. Santos, F. Tufvesson, A. F. Molisch, J. Karedal, and A. Johansson, Antenna selection in measured
indoor channels, IET Microwaves, Antennas & Popagation 1, 1092-1100 (2007).
Y. Li, N. B. Mehta, A. F. Molisch, and J. Zhang, Optimal Signaling and Selection Verification for Transmit Antenna
Selection, IEEE Trans. Comm, 55, 778-789, 2007.
N. Mehta and A. F. Molisch, Antenna selection, in G. Tsoulos (ed.), MIMO antenna technology for wireless
communications, invited, Wiley, (2006).
H. Zhang, A. F. Molisch, and J. Zhang, Applying Antenna Selection in WLANs for Achieving Broadband Multimedia
Communications, IEEE Trans. Broadcasting, 52, 475-482 (2006).
P. Sudarshan, N. B. Mehta, A. F. Molisch, and J. Zhang, Channel Statistics-Based Joint RF-Baseband Design for
Antenna Selection for Spatial Multiplexing, IEEE Trans. Wireless Comm. 5, 3501-3511, (2006)
A. F. Molisch, M. Z. Win, Y. S. Choi, and J. H. Winters, Capacity of MIMO systems with antenna selection, IEEE
Trans. Wireless Comm., 4, 142-154 (2005).
X. Zhang, A. F. Molisch, and S. Y. Kung, Variable-phase-shift-based RF-baseband codesign for MIMO antenna
selection, IEEE Trans. Signal Proc., 53, 4091-4103 (2005).
A. F. Molisch and X. Zhang, FFT-based Hybrid Antenna Selection Schemes for spatially correlated MIMO channels,
IEEE Comm. Lett., 8, 36-38 (2004).
A. F. Molisch and M. Z. Win, MIMO systems with antenna selection, IEEE Microwave Magazine March 2004, 46-56
(2004).
A. F. Molisch, M. Z. Win, and J. H. Winters, Reduced-complexity transmit/receive diversity systems, IEEE Proc.
Signal Proc, special issue on MIMO., 51, 2729-2738 (2003).
Antenna selection
41
2010 A. F. Molisch
References (2)
Conference papers
V. Kristem, N. B. Mehta, and A. F. Molisch, A Novel Energy-Efficient Training Method for Receive Antenna Selection, IEEE ICC 2010, in
press.
V. Kristem, N. B. Mehta, and A. F. Molisch, Optimal Weighted Antenna Selection For Imperfect Channel Knowledge From Training, IEEE
ICC 2009.
T. Wang, Z. Tao, A. F. Molisch, P. Orlik, and J. Zhang, Antenna Selection for SDMA in Next Generation WiMAX Networks, IEEE IWCMC
2009.
C. Nie, Z. Tao, N. B. Mehta, A. F. Molisch, J. Zhang, T. Kuze, and S. Panwar, Antenna Selection for Next Generation IEEE 802.16 Mobile
Stations, IEEE ICC 2008 3457-3462 (2008).
N. B. Mehta, A. F. Molisch, J. Zhang, and E. Bala, Antenna Selection Training in MIMO-OFDM/OFDMA Cellular Systems, IEEE CAMSAP
2007, invited, 2007.
Y. Li, N. B. Mehta, A. F. Molisch, and J. Zhang, Optimal Signaling for Single Transmit Antenna Selection with Erroneous Feedback, Proc.
IEEE Globecom 2006, (2006).
P. Almers, T. Santos, F. Tufvesson, A. F. Molisch, J. Karedal, and A. J. Johansson, Measured Diversity Gains from MIMO Antenna
Selection, Proc. IEEE VTC 2006 fall 1-6 (2006)
H. Zhang, A. F. Molisch, D. Gu, D. Wang, and J. Zhang, Implementing Antenna Selection in Wireless LAN, IEEE International Symposium
on Broadband Multimedia Systems and Broadcasting 2006, Las Vegas, NV, April 6-7, 2006.
P. Sudarshan, N. B. Mehta, A. F. Molisch, and J. Zhang, Channel Statistics-Based Joint RF-Baseband Design for Antenna Selection for
Spatial Multiplexing, Proc. IEEE Globecom 2004, 3947 3951 (2004).
P. Sudarshan, N. B. Mehta, A. F. Molisch, and J. Zhang, Spatial Diversity and Channel Statistics-Based RF-Baseband Co-design for Antenna
Selection, Proc. 60th IEEE Vehicular Techn. Conf.,, invited paper, 1658 - 1662 (2004).
P. Sudarshan, N. B. Mehta, A. F. Molisch, and J. Zhang, Antenna Selection with RF Pre-Processing: Robustness to RF- and Selection- NonIdealities, Proc. IEEE Radio and Wireless Conf. (RAWCON) 2004, 391 394 (2004).
X. Zhang, A. F. Molisch, and S. Y. Kung, Phase-shift-based antenna selection for MIMO channels, Proc. IEEE Globecom 2003, 1089-1093
(2003).
Y. S. Choi, A. F. Molisch, M. Z. Win, and J. H. Winters, Fast antenna selection algorithms for MIMO systems, (invited) Proc. 58th IEEE
Vehicular Techn. Conf., 1733 - 1737 (2003).
A. F. Molisch, X. Zhang, S. Y. Kung, and J. Zhang, FFT-based Hybrid Antenna Selection Schemes for spatially correlated MIMO channels,
Proc. IEEE Symp. Personal Indoor Mobile Radio Comm 2003, 1119-1123 (2003).
A. F. Molisch, MIMO systems with antenna selection an overview, (invited), Proc. IEEE Radio and Wireless Conf. (RAWCON) 2003, 167170 (2003).
A. F. Molisch, M. Z. Win, and J. H. Winters, Performance of Reduced-Complexity Transmit/Receive-Diversity Systems, Proc. IEEE Int. Conf.
Wireless Personal Multimedia Comm. 2002, 738-742 (2002).
A. F. Molisch, M. Z. Win, and J. H. Winters, Reduced-Complexity Transmit/Receive-Diversity Systems , Proc. 53rd IEEE Vehicular Techn.
Conf., 1996-2000 (2001).
A. F. Molisch, M. Z. Win, and J. H. Winters, Capacity of MIMO systems with antenna selection , Proc. IEEE ICC 2001, 570-574 (2001).
Antenna selection
42
2010 A. F. Molisch
Contact information
Andreas F. Molisch
Ph.D., FIEEE, FIET
Head, Wireless Devices and Systems (WiDeS) Group
Communications Sciences Institute,
Dpt. Of Electrical Engineering
Viterbi School of Engineering
University of Southern California (USC)
Los Angeles, CA, USA
Email: Andreas.Molisch@ieee.org
Website: wides.usc.edu
Antenna selection
43
2010 A. F. Molisch