DECLARATION BY THE CANDIDATE

I the undersigned solemnly declare that the report of the project work entitled Blade Life
Estimation Of Carbon-Carbon Composite Based Gas Turbine Blade
is based on my own work carried out during the course of my study under the supervision of
Mr. Brijesh Patel, Head, Department of Aeronautical Engineering, School of Engineering
&IT, Aarang, Raipur (C.G.).
I assert that the statements made and conclusions drawn are an outcome of my study of
research work. I further declare that remaining and complete research work will be carried out
in Phase-II, which does not contain any part of any work which has been submitted for any
award of degree /diploma/certificate in this University or any other University of India or
abroad.

_________________
(Signature of the Candidate)
Gopal Sahu
MU13MTTUB002
School of Engineering & IT,
Aarang, Raipur (C.G.)

CERTIFICATE BY THE SUPERVISOR

ii

This is to certify that the report of the project entitled Blade Life Estimation of
Carbon-Carbon Composite Based Gas Turbine Blade is a record of
research work carried out by Gopal Sahu bearing Roll No. MU13MTTUB002 & Enrolment
No. 131101 under my guidance and supervision for the submission of Project work Phase-I of
Master of Technology in Turbo-Machinery of MATS University, Raipur (C.G.), India.
To the best of my knowledge and belief the report
i)

Fulfils the requirement of the Ordinance relating to the M. Tech. degree of the
University and

ii)

Is up to the desired standard both in respect of contents and language for being
referred to the examiners.

--------------------

-----------------------

(Signature of Co-ordinator)

(Signature of the Supervisor)

Mr. Brijesh Patel,

Mr. Brijesh Patel,

School of Engineering & IT,

Head, Aeronautical Engineering

MATS University, Raipur

School of Engineering & IT,

MATS University, Raipur

Forwarded to MATS University, Raipur

---------------------------------(Signature of the Director)

Dr. A. M. Bisen
School of Engg. & I.T.,
MATS University, Raipur

CERTIFICATE BY THE EXAMINERS

iii

The project entitled Blade Life Estimation Of Carbon-Carbon Composite

Based Gas Turbine Blade submitted by Gopal Sahu, Roll No.: MU13MTTUB002,
Enrolment No.: 131101 has been examined by the undersigned as a part of the examination
and is hereby recommended for the completion of project work phase-I of the degree of
Master of Technology in the faculty of Turbo-Machinery, School of Engineering & IT, MATS
University, Aarang, Raipur (C.G.), India.

..

Internal Examiner

External Examiner

Date:

Date:

iv

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The contentment, the accomplishment, the magnificence, the fulfilment, the prize admiration
and the creation of my project cannot be thought of without the few, who apart from their
regular schedule spared their valuable time. A number of persons contribute either directly or
indirectly in shaping and achieving the desired outcome.
Apart from the efforts of me, the success of any project depends largely on the encouragement
and guidelines of many others. I take this opportunity to express my gratitude to the people
who have been instrumental in the successful completion of this project.
I would like to extend my gratitude and my sincere thanks to my honorable, esteemed
supervisor Mr. Brijesh Patel, Head, Department of Aeronautical Engineering. I would like to
show my greatest appreciation to him. I cant say thanks is enough for his tremendous
support and help. I feel motivated and encouraged every time I meet him. Without his
encouragement and guidance this project would not have been materialized.
I owe a debt of appreciation to Mr. Brijesh Patel, Co-coordinator, M. Tech (Turbo-machinery)
for providing us with an opportunity to develop this project. Through his timely advice,
constructive criticism and supervision he was a real source of inspiration for me. I have had
suggestions to improve this report from a number of my colleagues. I am grateful to Mr. Kalpit
Kaurase, Asst. Prof., Department of Aeronautical Engineering and to colleagues who worked
tirelessly in its preparation during the difficult times.
The guidance and support received from all the members of Management and especially to my
college Director, Dr. A.M.Bisen to provide me resources for this project, was vital for the
success of the project. I am grateful for their constant support and help.
Last but not the least I am really thankful to my family and friends for always encouraging me
to achieve this goal. A special thanks to my parents, who taught me the value of hard work by
their own example and who instilled me the free thinking and the joy of making researches.

GOPAL SAHU

LIST OF FIGURES

Fig. No.
Fig. 1.3.1

Title

Page No.

Effective use of advanced High Temperature

Materials to cut CO2 emissions from jet engines
And land based gas turbines.

05

Fig. 1.4.4.1 Thermal expansion behavior of different rod-like

prepregs.
Fig. 1.4.4.2

08

Pseudo plastic fracture behavior of CFRC, especially

If 3D reinforced.

09

Fig. 1.4.4.3

Fracture behavior by means of the stress intensity factor.

Fig.1.5.1

Simple gas turbine system

12

Fig.1.5.2

Simple Closed Cycle

13

Fig1.6.1.

Pictorial overview of turbine blades section.

15

vi

09

LIST OF TABLES

Table No.
Table 1.6.1

Title

Page No.

Severity of the different surface related

problems for gas turbine applications.

Table 1.6.2

14

Failure modes and causes of different

parts of a section.

16

vii

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Contents
Declaration by the Candidate
Certificate of the Supervisor
Certificate by the Examiners
Acknowledgement by the Candidate
List of Figures
List of Tables
Table of Contents

Page No.
ii
iii
iv
v
vi
vii
viii

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

1-17

1.1 High Temperature Materials

01

1.2 What is High Temperature

01

1.3. Engineering Application of High Temperature Materials

04

1.4. Carbon-Carbon Composite

05

1.4.1 Unique Features of CC Composite

06

1.4.2 CC composites, their nature and

Position within the family of carbon
Materials

06

1.4.3 The analogy of carbon-carbon composites with

conventional graphite materials
1.4.4 Mechanical and Thermal properties of the CC composites

07
07

1.5 About Gas Turbine

10

1.6. Failure Modes in Gas Turbine Blading

14

CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW

18-22

CHAPTER 3: PROBLEM IDENTIFICATION

23-24

CHAPTER 4: METHODOLOGY

25

CHAPTER 5:RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

CHAPTER 6: CONCLUSION & FUTURE ENHANCEMENT

viii

REFERENCES

ix