Professional Documents
Culture Documents
SUBMITTED BY
SUBMITTED TO
NAME OF CANDIDATE: HARDEEP SINGH
ROLL NUMBER: 1280088
COURSE NAME: B-TECH
MONTH YEAR:
5 / 2015
CNT TECHNOLOGIES
MRS. MANVI
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ARYANS COLLEGE OF
ENGINEERING
AND
TECHNOLOGY
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Date: 18/05/15
CANDIDATE'S DECLARATION
I hereby certify that the work which is being presented in the report
entitled, PLC & $CADA, by Hardeep Singh (1280088 ) , B.TECH in EEE
submitted at Aryans College of Engineering, is an authentic record of my
own work carried out during a period from JUNUARY 2015 to MAY 2015
under the supervision of Ms. Meenakshi,Software Trainer,CNT Chd.
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Hardeep Singh)
1280088
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CONTENTS
1) Company profile
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
First of all I would like to thank almighty GOD who has given this wonderful gift of
life to us. He is the one who is guiding us in right direction to follow noble path of
humanity. In my six months industrial training it is a wonderful experience to be a
part of CNT TECHNOLOGIES where I have opportunity to work under brilliant
minds. I owe my deep regards for the supporting and kind staff authorities who are
helping me in my lean patches during these six months. The knowledge I am
gaining throughout my studies have the practical implementation during this
period. I am grateful to all the staff of CNT and for their timely support and sharing
of their experience with me. I would like to express my heartiest concern for Miss.
Meenakshi
for her able guidance and for his inspiring attitude, praiseworthy
attitude and honest support. Not to forget the pain staking efforts of our college
training and placement cell and specially my training and placement officer
Mrs.Manvi Mam Last but not the least I would express my utmost regards for the
electrical department of our Institute.
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IT SERVICES
Turnkey Solution to meet end-to-end customer requirements
Networking Solutions with total System Integration and Implementations
Project Consultancy services from concept to commissioning
IT Training
MISSION
To provide world class professional training and solutions in advance networking,
Embedded systems design and career services for IT professionals as
well as electronic system designers.
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1.
1.1.1 PLC
1.1.5 Drives
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COM = Common, always connect to this; it is the moving part of the switch.
NC = Normally Closed, COM is connected to this when the relay coil is off.
NO = Normally Open, COM is connected to this when the relay coil is on.
1.2.2Advantages of relays:
1.3 CONTACTOR:
1.3.1What is contactor?
Contactors are used to switch relatively large outputs and currents.
Contactors work on the same basic principle as relays.
The typical features of contactor are:
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PLC
2.1I
has
In
Relay
Relays possess a clapper-type
armature and are
characterized by single contact
separation
Contactor
(Programmable
Logic
Controller)
NTRODUCTION
Control engineering
evolved over time.
the
past
humans
were the main methods for controlling a system. More recently electricity has been used for
control and early electrical control was based on relays. These relays allow power to be
switched on and off without a mechanical switch. It is common to use relays to make simple
logical control decisions. The development of low cost computer has brought the most recent
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HISTORY
2.2.1 Origin
The PLC was invented in response to the needs of the American automotive manufacturing
industry. Programmable controllers were initially adopted by the automotive industry where
software revision replaced the re-wiring of hard-wired control panels when production models
changed. Before the PLC, control, sequencing, and safety interlock logic for manufacturing
automobiles was accomplished using hundreds or thousands of relays, cam timers, and drum
sequencers and dedicated closed-loop controllers. The process for updating such facilities for
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2.1.2 Programming
Early PLCs, up to the mid-1980s, were programmed using proprietary programming panels or
special-purpose programming terminals, which often had dedicated function keys representing
the various logical elements of PLC programs. Programs were stored on cassette tape
cartridges. Facilities for printing and documentation were very minimal due to lack of memory
capacity. The very oldest PLCs used non-volatile magnetic core memory .
2.1.3 Functionality
The functionality of the PLC has evolved over the years to include sequential relay control,
motion control, process control, distributed control systems and networking. The data handling,
storage, processing power and communication capabilities of some modern PLCs are
approximately equivalent to desktop computers. PLC-like programming combined with remote
I/O hardware, allow a general-purpose desktop computer to overlap some PLCs in certain
application
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operation.
2. 2.1 .2MCU: Its full form is microcontroller unit. It is the processor of PLC. It is basically the
brain of PLC. It performs various control operations of PLC.
2. 2.1 .3INPUTS AND OUTPUTS: PLC has a set of isolated inputs and isolated outputs.
Different PLCs have different number and different type of inputs and outputs. Like in Micrologix
1000 we have total number of 6 inputs and 4 outputs whereas in Micrologix 1100 we have 10
inputs and 6 outputs.
2. 2.1 4
EXPANSION PORT: In PLC there is an expansion port which is used for the addition
of any other equipment with PLC. For example analog cards.
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O/P
0
1
O/P
1
0
2.4.3 OUTPUTS
These are the connections from the PLC to the real world. They are used to switch solenoids,
lamps, contactors etc on and off. Again they are usually 24 Volt DC, either relay or transistor, but
can also be 115/220 Volt AC.
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SIEMENS
ALLEN BRADLEY
GENERAL ELECTRICAL
MITSUBISHI
SCHENIDER
ABB
Here we have done programming of two PLCs of Allen Bradley i.e. Micrologix 1000 and Micrologix
1100.
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The Micrologix 1000 family provides small, economical programmable controllers. They are
available in configurations of 10 digital I/O (6 inputs and 4 outputs), 16 digital I/O (10 inputs and
6 outputs), 25 I/O (12 digital inputs, 4 analog inputs, 8 digital outputs, and 1 analog output), or
32 digital I/O (20 inputs and 12 outputs) in multiple electrical configurations of digital I/O. The I/O
options and electrical configurations make them ideal for many applications.
Compact designLets the Micrologix 1000 controller thrive in limited panel space.
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2.5.4Features
The Micrologix 1100 has 10 digital inputs, 2 analog inputs and 6 digital outputs, and supports
expansion I/O. Up to four 1762 I/O modules (also used on the Micrologix 1200) may be added to
the embedded I/O, providing application flexibility and support of up to 80 digital I/O.
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--(\)--
--[ ]--
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The "coil" (output of a rung) may represent a physical output which operates some device
connected to the programmable controller, or may represent an internal storage bit for use
elsewhere in the program.
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O/P
0
1
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O/P
1
0
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The timer has following bits and these bits are useful in the operation of timer:
EN- Enable- This bit will high when the input is given to the timer
TT - Timer timing bit - This bit will be high during the timing process. It remains high
In Micrologix 1000 and 1100 PLC there are three types of timers i.e.
TON Timer
T-OFF Timer
Retentive timer ON (RTO)
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2.7.2 Counters:
Counters are used to count the number of operations. Its function is same as the timer accepts
that the timer counts the number of seconds and the counter counts the number of operations or
pulses. At each operation the value of the accumulator increases and when the value of the
accumulator comes to the preset value of the counter then the counter stops.
Counter bits:
TT - Timer timing bit - This bit will be high during the counting process. It remains high till
accumulator value becomes equal to preset value
DN Done This bit will be high when the counting process is ended. It set to high when
the accumulator value becomes equal to preset value.
2.7.2.1 Counter UP (CTU):The CTU is an instruction that counts false-to-true rung transitions.
Rung transitions can be caused by events occurring in the program (from internal logic or by
external field devices) such as parts traveling past a detector or actuating a limit switch. When
rung conditions for a CTU instruction have made a false-to-true transition, the accumulated
value is incremented by one count, provided that the rung containing the CTU instruction is
evaluated between these transitions. The ability of the counter to detect false-to-true transitions
depends on the speed (frequency) of the incoming signal. The accumulated value is retained
when the rung conditions again become false. The accumulated count is retained until cleared
by a reset (RES) instruction that has the same address as the counter reset.
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Fig 2.12f.Equal to
This input instruction is true when source A becomes equal to source B. The EQU instruction
compares two user specified values if values are equal, it allows rung continuity. The rung goes
true and output energies.
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Fig 2.12k.Limit
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Fig2. 12l.Reset
Use a RES instruction to reset a timer or counter. When the RES instruction is enabled, it resets
the Timer ON Delay (TON), Retentive Timer (RTO), Count UP (CTU), or Count Down (CTD)
instruction having the same address as the RES instruction. When resetting a counter, if the
RES instruction is enabled and the counter rung is enabled, the CU or CD bit is reset. If the
counter preset value is negative, the RES instruction sets the accumulated value to zero. This in
turn causes the done bit to be set by a countdown or count up instruction.
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When RTO and conveyor motor runs by pressing start push button
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after filling bottle the valve stops and conveyor starts again
2.8.2 Program no. 2:
When a momentary start push button is pressed, a lamp goes ON. If again same start push
button is pressed first lamp goes off and it remains off for the next 20 seconds. If start push
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Lamp will not glow even if we press push button. The lamp will glow after 20 sec by
pressing push button.
SCADA
The term SCADA stands for Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition . A SCADA system
is a common process automation system which is used to gather data from sensors and
instruments located at remote sites and to transmit and display this data at a central site for
either control or monitoring purposes. The collected data is usually viewed on one or more
SCADA
Host
computers
located
at
the
central
or
master
site.
A real world SCADA system can monitor and control hundreds to hundreds of thousands of I/O
points. A typical Water SCADA application would be to monitor water levels at various water
sources like reservoirs and tanks and when the water level exceeds a preset threshold, activate
the system of pumps to move water to tanks with low tank levels.
Common analog signals that SCADA systems monitor and control are levels, temperatures,
pressures, flow rate and motor speed. Typical digital signals to monitor and control are level
switches, pressure switches, generator status, relays & motors.
3.1 Features of SACDA:
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Alarm history
Real time trend
Historical time trend
Security (Application Security)
Data base connectivity
Device connectivity
Scripts
Recipe management
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Tags and the tag database: In the tag database, you define the data you want
RSView32 to monitor. Each entry in the database is called a tag. A tag is a logical name
for a variable in a device or in local memory (RAM). For example, a tag can represent a
process variable in a programmable controller
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A to Z
0 to 9
underscore (_) and dash (-)
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3.3.7 Animation:
About the Animation dialog box
The Animation dialog box is a floating dialog box, which means you can have it open all the time
and can move it around the screen, select other objects, and open other dialog boxes.
Dialog box:
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Animation on slider:
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Visibility animation:
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THANKS YOU
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