Project :

8.2 m diameter Recycled water tank

Calculation for Shell Thickness of Tank

Tank diameter
Tank Height
Calculated Tank Capacity
Required Tank Capacity

D
H

8.20
9.50
501.70
425.00

Roof Plate thickness

Corrosion Allowance for Roof plate

Width of
each
strake
in m

Level from
base
of tank
in m

1
2
3
4

2.40
2.40
2.40
2.30

0.00
2.40
4.80
7.20
9.50

Sum

9.50

22-17058

m
m
cu.m
cu.m

OK

6.0 mm
1.0 mm

Allowable stress in shell plate as per AWWA s =

Specific Gravity of Liquid
G
Corrosion Allowance for shell
CA
Strake No.
from
base of
tank
upward

Project No.

Design
Liquid
Level
in m
hp
9.50
7.10
4.70
2.30

Design
shell
thickness
in mm
t
5.3
4.2
3.1
2.1

103.4 MPa
1.00
1.0 mm
Adopted
Shell
Plate
thickness
in mm

Weight of
Shell
Plate
excluding
CA

6
6
6
6

Total Shell Plates Weight excluding CA in kN

Roof Plate weight excluding CA in kN
Total Weight of Shell and Roof Plates excluding CA in kN

Total Shell Plates gross weight in kN

Roof Plate gross weight in kN
C.G of Tank shell from base

24.27
24.27
24.27
23.26

96.06
20.73
116.78

115.27 kN
24.87 kN
1.19 m

Formula
s -> Allowable Design stress in shell plate as per Table 5 , AWWA D100-05
s=
103.4 Mpa
E -> Joint Efficiency
From table15, Joint Efficiency for single -groove butt joint in shell =
85
Required shell thickness t = { 4.9 * hp * D * G / ( s *E) } + CA
Eq. 3-40
From table 16 , AWWA D100-05
Minimum thickness of tank shell plate in contact with water =
4.76
Required shell thickness including C.A
=
5.76
Minimum adopted shell plate thickness
=
6
Hence OK

mm
mm
mm

Project :

8.2 m diameter Recycled water tank

Project No. 22-17058

Calculation for Intermediate Wind Girder

Tank diameter
D
=
Tank Height
=
Wind Region
Design Wind Speed ( service )
V
=
( 3-sec gust based on 50 year recurrence interval from AS 1170.2)
Thickness of top shell course
t uniform
=
Thickness of top shell course - CA
Shell
Level from
Layers
base of tank
from base in m

1
2
3
4

0.00
2.40
4.80
7.20
9.50

Actual width Actual

of shell
shell
in mm
thickness
adopted
t actual
W

2400
2400
2400
2300

6
6
6
6

Actual shell
thickness
minus corrosion
thickness
t actual - CA

8.20 m
9.50 m
A2
141 km / h
6 mm
5 mm
Transposed
width of
each shell
in mm
W tr

5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0

2400.00
2400.00
2400.00
2300.00

Sum
9500.00 mm
9.500 m
Height of Transformed Shell
=
Maximum Height of unstiffened shell H1 =
40.938 m
H1
greater than
Height of Transformed Shell
Intermediate Wind Girder NOT Required
3
0.00 cm

Min. Section modulus of the Intermediate Wind Girder =

Formula

Half height of Transformed shell < H1

Second Intermediate Girder Not Required
Cl. 5.9.7 API 650
Transposed width of each shell W tr = W ( t uniform / t actual ) 5/2
Maximum Height of unstiffened Shell H1 = 9.47 * t * ( t / D ) 3/2 * (190 / V )2
't' is the actual thickness of top shell excluding CA in mm
D2 H1 (V / 190)2 / 17
Min. Section modulus of the Intermediate Wind Girder =
If half the height of transformed shell > H1 , a second intermediate girder shall be used.
Corroded thickness of plates are used in calculation of intermediate wind girders.
Cl. 3.5 AWWA D100-05
Transposed width of each shell W tr

= W ( t uniform / t actual ) 5/2

Min.Section modulus of the Intermediate Wind Girder S=

0.06713HD2Paw

Project :

8.2 m diameter Recycled water tank

Project No. 22-17058

Calculation for Bottom and Annulus Plates

Tank diameter
Tank Height

=
=

8.20 m
9.50 m

Bottom Plate - API 650 clause 5.4

Minimum Nominal thickness of Bottom plate
Corrosion Allowance for Bottom plate
Minimum Require thickness of Bottom plate

6 mm
2.0 mm
8.0 mm

Any plate in contact with water - AWWA section 3.10

Minimum thickness of Bottom plate
Corrosion Allowance for Bottom plate
Minimum Require thickness of Bottom plate
Adopted bottom plate thickness =
Adopted slope of bottom plate

6.35 mm
1.0 mm
7.4 mm
8 mm
1 deg.

Annlular Bottom Plate - API 650 clause 5.5

Product stress of Bottom strake ( td * Sd / (t provided - CA)

132.41 MPa

Hydrostatic test stress of Bottom strake ( tt * St / t provided)

61.61 MPa

Effective Product Height

H*G
=
Refer to Table 5-1 a for Annular Bottom-plate thickness
From Table 5-1a Annlus plate thickness

9.50 m
8 excluding CA

Minimum Required Annular Bottom Plate thickness =

Provided

10.0 mm
10.0 mm

Minimum width of Annulus from inner face of shell L1 =

L1 = 215 * tb / (HG)0.5 or min 600 mm
Minimum projection of Annulus from outer face of sheel L2=

600 mm

Minimum required width of Annular plate L1 + L2 =

Provide

650 mm
750 mm

50 mm

OK

cl. 5.4.2

OK

Project :

8.2 m diameter Recycled water tank

Project No. 22-17058

Calculation for Stability Check of Tank

Tank diameter
D
Tank Height
H
Tank Capacity

8.20 m
9.50 m
425.00 cu.m

Design Wind Speed ( service )

From API 650 clause 5.2.1

V
pshell

=0.86(V/190)2

141.00 km / h
0.47 kPa

proof

=1.44(V/190)2

0.79 kPa

As per AS 1170.2 Design wind pressure on shell pshell =

0.78 kPa

As per AS 1170.2 Design wind pressure on roof proof =

Adopt the higher value for stability check.
W shell
Total weight of shell excluding CA

0.73 kPa

Weight of roof plates excluding CA

Weigth of Roof Frame
Total weight of Roof
Design Internal pressure

W roof plate

96.06 kN
20.73
11.10
31.83
0

W roof

kN
kN
kN
kPa

Overturning moment due to wind

(D.H.pshell.H/2)+( D2.proof/4 * D/2)

Mw =

460.33 kNm

Moment due to Internal pressure

Mpi =

0 kNm

Resisting Moment due to Self Wt. of Tank

(W shell.D/2) + (W roof.D/2)

MDL =

524.3305 kNm

wL =
Weight of band of liquid at the shell using
G=0.7 and height of one-half of design liquid height
wL = 59 (tb - CA) (Fby. H)1/2
MF

Moment about liquid weight wL

*D*wL*D/2
Check 1

2429.525 kNm

0.6Mw + Mpi

<
276.20

Check 2

23002.43 N/m

Mw + 0.4 Mpi
460.3293

<
<
<

Lateral force due to wind when tank is empty = D*H*pshell=

Considering friction co-eff as =0.4,Resisting force = *Wtank=
Tank is stable for sliding against wind

MDL / 1.5
349.5537

OK

(MDL + MF ) / 2
1476.928

OK

36.89 kN
51.15 kN

Project :

8.2 m diameter Recycled water tank

Project No.

Calculation for Seismic Design of Tank

as per AWWA D100

Tank diameter
Tank Height
Tank Capacity
Tank Content Specific Gravity

D=
H=
G

Peak Ground Acceleration

Spectral Response Acceleration parameter
Acceleration parameter for 1 second
Acceleration parameter for 0 second

Sp =
Ss =
S1 =
S0 =Sp

Seismic User Group

Site Class
Type of Tank Self Anchored / Mech Anchored
From Table 26
Fa =
From Table 27
Fv =
I=
From Table 28
Ri =
Rc =
Scaling Factor
U=

8.20 m
9.50 m
425.00 cu.m
1.00
0.40
0.4
0.218
0.40
I
D
Mechanically Anchored
1.48
1.98
1.00
3.00
1.50
0.67

Convective Sloshing Period

Ks = 0.578 / [tanh (3.68 H/D)]0.5
Tc = 1.8 Ks D0.5

Ks =
Tc =

Regional dependent transition period for

longer period ground motion

TL =
(for outside USA )

Impulsive Spectral Acceleration parameter

Ai=2.5UFaS0(I/Ri)
Check Ai > 0.007

Ai =

Convective Spectral Acceleration parameter Ac =

if Tc < TL Ac = 2.5 KUFaSo(Ts/Tc)(I/Ri)
if Tc > TL , Ac = 2.5 KUFaSo(TsTL/Tc2)(I/Ri)
where
K=
1.50
Check Ai > 0.007

22-17085

clause E4.3-1
clause E4.3-2

Eqn. 13-8

0.58
2.98 sec
4 sec

0.329
Ai > 0.007 OK
0.121

Ac < Ai OK

Effective Weight of product

Total Weight of Contents Wt =785.4 GHD2= Wt =
4,169,250.00 N
(calculated from working capacity of tank)
Effective Impulse Weight Wi is weight of effective mass of tank contents that
moves in unison with tank shell.
Effective Impulsive Weight
Wi =
3,384,728.81 N
if D/H > 1.33, Wi= tanh(0.866D/H) Wt / (0.866 D/H)
if D/H < 1.33, Wi= [ 1.0 - 0.218 D/H]Wt

Eqn. 13-24
Eqn. 13-25

Effective Convective Weight Wc is weight of effective mass of the first mode

sloshing contents of the tank.
Effective Convective Weight
Wc =
827,370.32 N
Wc = 0.23 * D/H * Wt * tanh(3.67 H/D)

Eqn 13-26

Eqn. 3-27

Centre of Action for Overturning Moment across entire base of tank

Height from bottom of tank shell to centre
of action of lateral seismic force applied to
the impulsive weight Wi
if D/H > 1.33, Xi= 0.375 H
if D/H < 1.33, Xi= [0.5 - (0.094D/H)] H

Xi =

3.98 m

Eqn. 13-28
Eqn. 13-29

Height from bottom of tank shell to centre

Xc =
of action of lateral seismic force applied to
the effective convective weight Wc
Xc = {1.0 - [(cosh(3.67H/D) -1) / (3.67H/D sinh(3.67H/D)]} H

7.33 m

Centre of Action for Overturning Moment at bottom of shell

Height from bottom of tank shell to centre
Xis =
5.24 m
of action of lateral seismic force related to
the impulsive weight Wi adjusted to include bottom pr.
if D/H > 1.33, Xis = 0.375 H*{1.0 + [1.33(0.866D/H) / (tanh 0.866D/H) ]}
if D/H < 1.33, Xis= [0.5 + (0.06D/H)] H
Height from bottom of tank shell to centre
Xcs =
of action of lateral seismic force related to
the convective weight Wc adjusted to include bottom pr.
Xcs = {1.0 - [(cosh(3.67H/D) -1.937) / (3.67H/D sinh(3.67H/D)]} H

7.39 m

Total Weight of Tank Shell

C.G of tank shell plates from base

Ws =
Xs =

115,267.86 N
1.19 m

Total weight of Roof

C.G of tank Roof from base

Wr =
Xr =

31,828.95 N
9.84 m

Vf is the Design Shear at top of foundation due to horizontal design acceleration

Vf = [Ai*(Wi + Ws + Wr +Wf ]2 + (Ac Wc )2}0.5
1264247.546 N

Eqn 13-31

Design overturning Moment across the

Mmf =
entire base cross secrtion due to horizontal acceleration
Mmf={[Ai*(Wi Xi + Ws Xs+ Wr Xr)]2 + (Ac Wc Xc)2}0.5

4,934,403.12 Nm

Eqn 13-32

Design overturning moment at the bottom

Ms =
of the shell caused by horizontal design acceleration
Ms={[Ai*(Wi Xis + Ws Xs+ Wr Xr)]2 + (Ac Wc Xc)2}0.5

6,328,037.91 Nm

Eqn 13-23

Resistance to Design loads

Annulus thickness excluding CA
ta
9 mm
Max resisting weight of tank contents
wa
41,457.13 N/m
that may be used to resist shell overturning moment
wa = 99 ta (Fy H G)^0.5
( Fy = 250 Mpa)
Max. wa =
15,665.69 N/m
Av = 0.14 * 2.5 U Fa So =
0.138133
Max wa = 201.1 H D Ge
Check wa < Max. wa
wa > Max. wa . Adopt Max wa
Internal pressure
Internal pressure along perimeter

Int.Pr
wint

0 kPa
0 N/m

Tank shell & roof weight acting at base

wt = (Ws + Wr) / ( D)

wt

Anchorage Ratio
J = Ms / [D2 (wt (1 - 0.4Av) + wa ]

J=

5,710.04 N/m

4.47 ( Tank Not Stable )

Eqn 13-36
( Provide Mechanical Anchors )

If J < 0.785

Tank is Self-anchored. No calculated uplift under seismic overturning moment.

If 0.785 < J < 1.54

Tank is self-anchored. Tank is stable provided shell compression requirements are

satisfied.

If J > 1.54

Tank is not self-anchored and not stable. Mechanical anchors to be provided.

Mechanical Anchors Design

cl. E6.2.1.2 API 650

Minimum Anchorage Resistance per unit length of circumference of Tank

wAB = 1.273 Mmf / D2 - wt (1-0.4Av)

wAB =

88024.478 N/m

In accordance with API, maximum spacing of anchors = 3 m

Minimum No. of Anchors required =

15 (nA) Anchors. Spacing of Anchors =

Provide

Anchor Seismic Design Load PAB

151.2 kN
Adopting , Grade 4.6/S bolts, minimum yield strength
Allowable Design stress for Anchor bolts = 80% of yield stress
Diameter of Anchor bolt
Anchor capacity
Adopt

15

Nos. of

36

1.72 m

=
=
=
=

240
192
36
195.43

N/mm2
N/mm2
mm
kN

diameter Grade 4.6/S Anchor bolts.

Check for Sliding Resistance

Vf is the Design Shear at top of foundation due to horizontal design acceleration
Vf = [Ai*(Wi + Ws + Wr +Wf ]2 + (Ac Wc )2}0.5
1264247.546 N
Lateral Seismic force
F=
1264.25 kN
=
Friction co-efficient of tank base
Average bottom plate thickness
tb =
Frictional Resistance to lateral seismic force Vs =
Vs = (Ws +Wr + Wf + Wp)(1.0 - 0.4 Av)
Check F < Vs

Eqn 13-31

0.35
8.0 mm
1438.22 kN

F < Vs OK
( Sliding check is OK )

Check for uplift force per mechanical anchors AWWA D-100

No. of mechanical anchors provided
Diameter of anchor circle

N=

15

Dac =

8.36 m

Design uplift force per mechanical anchor = Ps = ( 4 Ms / ( N Dac)) - (W / N)

where W ->tank shell and roof weight
=
147096.81 N
Ms -> overturning moment at bottom of shell
6328037.91 Nm
Ps =
192044.8351 N

Eqn 3-41

OK

Calculating Overturning Stability Ratio

E.6.2.3

The overturning stability ratio for mechanically-anchored tank system excluding vertical seismic effects
shall be 2.0 or greater
0.5 D [W p + W f + W T + W fd + W g] / Ms > 2.0
where

Eqn. 6.2.3-1

D -->
Nominal diameter of Tank
Wp -->
Weight of contents of the tank
Wf -->
Weight of Tank bottom
WT -->
Weight of Tank shell, roof
=Ws+Wr
Wfd -->
Weight of tank foundation
Concrete slab size B= 9000
Dp =
500
Weight of foundation = pi()*D*B*Dp*25000

in m =
in N =
in N =
in N =

8.2
4,169,250
33,165
147,097

mm
in N =

2,898,119

Wg -->
Ms -->

in N =
in Nm =

8,563,722

Weight of soil directly over the foundation

Slab Moment ( as calculated by E6.1.5-2)

0.5 D [W p + W f + W T + W fd + W g]

=
Ms =
0.5 D [W p + W f + W T + W fd + W g] / Ms =

29,715,286.37 Nm
6,328,038 Nm
4.7

0.5 D [Wp +Wf +WT +Wfd +Wg] / Ms > 2.0 Hence OK